7/31/2019 6- Zeeman

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6- Zeeman : 13/03/2012

:20/03/2012

3: (3335)- (3409)

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[: 6- ZEEMAN]

3: .3335

- .3409

1

Zeeman, :

( )

.

, e/m.

:

T

, Zeeman. ,

. ,

SH B L g S B (1),

B

2

e

m

Bohr

L

2Sg spin

S spin .

Zeeman

spin,

1T .

, E ,

E g B

(2),

, g Land Zeeman.

Zeeman, , Land

.

H , L

, E

Cd

7/31/2019 6- Zeeman

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[: 6- ZEEMAN]

3: .3335

- .3409

2

1

L

g BE

h h

(3)

Larmor.

Zeeman spin

0S

0S .

,

1:

,

s

ds Zeeman.

. , ,

s

:

2 2

2

1

2 1

n

d n

(4)

,

n Lummer Gehrcke

d .

7/31/2019 6- Zeeman

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[: 6- ZEEMAN]

3: .3335

- .3409

3

,

ds d. :

2 2

2

1

2 1

ds ds nd d

s s d n

(5)

:

,

2. :

a) 2

b) (Cd)

c)

d) Lummer-Gehrcke (

.

e) .

f) .

: .

Hall

, .

2

7/31/2019 6- Zeeman

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[: 6- ZEEMAN]

3: .3335

- .3409

4

.

1 mV 10 mT, .

:

1-

I(1A) V(1mV)

B(

10mT)

0 1 10

1 4 40

2 6 60

3 9 904 12 120

5 15 150

6 18 180

7 20 200

8 23 230

9 26 260

10 28 280

1 =f():

7/31/2019 6- Zeeman

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[: 6- ZEEMAN]

3: .3335

- .3409

5

1

!:

1.09 / mT A , 5.83b mT !

27.45 ( ) 10B mT I A ,

B(mT):

2 2 2

2 2 2B B B

B b I a I b b I ab I a

: ZEEMAN

Zeeman

e m . , Hall , Cd

0 643,8nm .

y = 27.455x + 10

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

B(mT)

I(mA)

B=f(I)

7/31/2019 6- Zeeman

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[: 6- ZEEMAN]

3: .3335

- .3409

6

. 1div = 0,01mm

B , s .

(

). ,

2

(1div) s(0.01mm)

27 0.27

28 0.28

26 0.26

:

3

1

10,27 0,06

3i i

i

s s mm

,

3 2

1

3(3 1)

i i

ii

s s

s

, ,

, , . ,

, , ,

2ds.

+ , - .

3

(1) B(mT) (2ds 1div) 2ds(0.01mm) ds( ) (0.01)

12

11 0.110.05

339 10 0.10

9 0.09

14

12 0.12

0.06394 13 0.13

12 0.12

16

16 0.16

0.08444 16 0.16

15 0.15

I

27.45 ( ) 10B mT I A , !!

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[: 6- ZEEMAN]

3: .3335

- .3409

7

d i

i

dsd

s

2 2

2

10,0489

2 1

nmm

d n

2

2 2 2

2

1i

i i i i

i i ii

d d dsd ds s ds s

ds s s s

dv :2 2

i

i

cdscd d

s

2

2

d cd d d

d

:

)()(

1

1

2

)()()(

2

2

222

2

2

dc

dv

n

n

do

S

SdS

S

dSd

3 dv

3

(1) B(mT) (2ds 1div) 2ds(0.01mm) ds( ) (0.01) dv(MHz)

12

11 0.11

0.05 4.80E+09339 10 0.10

9 0.09

14

12 0.12

0.06 6.80E+09394 13 0.13

12 0.12

16

16 0.16

0.08 1.15E+10444 16 0.16

15 0.15

dv=f(B)

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[: 6- ZEEMAN]

3: .3335

- .3409

8

2

:

7 10( ) 6 10 ( ) 2 10dv Hz B mT

L= / h = g , :

e / m = 2.

(e / m) = 37.68 106

Hz / mT=3.761011

Hz/T.

0,13 1013

Hz

111.76 10 / e Hz Tm

:

dv(Hz)= 6E+07B(mT) - 2E+10

0

2E+09

4E+09

6E+09

8E+09

1E+10

1.2E+10

1.4E+10

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

dv(Hz)

B(mT)

dv=f(B)

Bm

geB

m

eg

hLL

42

1

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[: 6- ZEEMAN]

3: .3335

3409

9

% 100% 114%

e em m

em

,

!!

:

1. Lande Zeeman;

Lande Zeeman

12

1111

jj

sslljjg

, l, s l s.

Zeeman 0S j = l+s || sl || sl ,

j = l g = 1.

g . Zeeman g = 1

Land .

2. Lande 2Dj ( j).

D l=2 2 s=1/2. j = l+s

|| sl || sl , j=|2-1/2|=3/2 j=|2+1/2|=5/2

Land

12

1111

jj

sslljjg

, j=3/2 g=0.8 j=5/2 g=1.2

3. Paschen Back ;

- ( 4)

, Zeeman

. )2(

2zzsl

mc

eBV

(4

. 4)

, =(eB/2mc)(ml+2ms)

ms=1/2 = (ml1) = eB/2mc.

Zeeman .

3 . (4)

.