PA = (pressione - units.it€¦ · Untitled Presentation Author: Unknown Creator Created Date:...

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Transcript of PA = (pressione - units.it€¦ · Untitled Presentation Author: Unknown Creator Created Date:...

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PA = (pressione arteriosa) Gittata cardica x Resistenza arteriole

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Il feocromocitoma è una rara forma di tumore di solito benigno in cui le cellule neoplastiche derivano dalle cellule cromaffini.

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Per blocco α1 a livello venoso

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• Ipertensione: la prazosina ha breve durata di azione. Preferiti doxazosina e terazosina, ad azione più prolungata, generalmente in associazione ad altri farmaci anti-ipertensivi.

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GLI EFFETTI DEGLI ANTAGONISTI DEI RECETTORI ADRENERGICI SONO DOVUTI AL BLOCCO DELLE INFLUENZE ADRENERGICHE SUI VARI ORGANI E SISTEMI

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Frequenza cardiaca diminuita Velocità di conduzione A-V rallentata Effetto inotropo negativo: • diminuzione della gittata cardiaca • aumento del volume residuo post-sistolico

Consumo di ossigeno miocardico diminuito Pressione arteriosa ridotta

Ridotta liberazione di renina

Ridotta secrezione di umor acqueo

Aumento resistenze vie aeree (precipitazione attacchi di asma)

Vasocostrizione arterie muscolari

Diminuzione gluconeogenesi e glicogenolisi

Diminuzione dei tremori indotti dalle catecolamine

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CLASSIFICAZIONE FARMACODINAMICA DEI BLOCCANTI

BETA BLOCCANTI PRIVI DI SELETTIVITA’ RECETTORIALE

BETA BLOCCANTI SELETTIVI PER I RECETTORI 1 (CARDIOSELETTIVI)

BETA BLOCCANTI DOTATI DI ATTIVITA’ SIMPATICOMIMETICA INTRINSECA (I.S.A.)

BETA BLOCCANTI con attività VASODILATANTE PERIFERICA

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LA FREQUENZA CARDIACA A RIPOSO E’ INFLUENZATA IN MANIERA MENO SIGNIFICATIVA DA UN BETA BLOCCANTE DOTATO DI I.S.A.

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idrofilia min max

lipofilia min max

Propranololo Alprenololo Oxprenololo

Atenololo

Sotalolo Celiprololo Nadololo

Metoprololo

metabolismo epatico (100%) intenso metabolismo di primo passaggio variazioni inter-individuali emivita breve bassa biodisponibilità (10-50%) alto legame farmaco-proteico passaggio nel sistema nervoso centrale

eliminazione prevalentemente renale (60-100%) minore assorbimento gastro-intestinale emivita più prolungata minori variazioni interindividuali basso legame farmaco-proteico

CLASSIFICAZIONE FARMACOCINETICA DEI BETA BLOCCANTI

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Effetti indesiderati

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LE INDICAZIONI DEI BLOCCANTI

INDICAZIONI CARDIOVASCOLARI Angina pectoris

Prevenzione secondaria dell’infarto

Insufficienza cardiaca

Ipertensione

Aritmie cardiache

Cardiomiopatia ipertrofica

INDICAZIONI EXTRACARDIACHE Tireotossicosi

Manifestazioni somatiche dell’ansia

Glaucoma

Profilassi dell’emicrania

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I BETA BLOCCANTI RIDUCONO LE MANIFESTAZIONI SOMATICHE DELL’ANSIA

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FARMACI CHE INTERFESRISCONO CON RISPOSTA ADRENERGICA

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