55

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Abad, A., Victoria Fernández-Molina, J., Bikandi, J., Ramírez, A., Margareto, J.,

Sendino, J., Rementeria, A. (2010). What makes Aspergillus fumigatus a

successful pathogen? Genes and molecules involved in invasive

aspergillosis.27(4), 155–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riam.2010.10.003

Ahmad, A. Faqir M,A. Tahir, Z. Haq, N & Syed M,R,D. Β Glucan : A Valubale

Functional Ingredient in Foods.

Anonim. 2019. Ethanol (C2H5OH). Diakses tanggal 26 Januari 2019 di

https://www.jjstech.com/ethanolc2h5oh.html.

Aono, R., M. Hammura, M. Yamamoto and T. Asano. 1995. Isolation of

extracellular 28- and 42-kilodalton β-1,3-glucanases and comparison of

three β-1,3-glucanase produced by Bacillus circulans IAM1165. Appl.

Environ. Microbiol. 61: 122-129.

Appeldoorn,N. 2002. In Situ Analysis of Enzymes Involved in Sucrose to Hexose-

Phosphate Conversion During Stolon-to-Tuber Transition of Potato.

International Journal for Plant Biology. Vol 115. No.2: 303-310.

Aryantha dan Laras . 2014. Effect of Glucose Concentration on the Production of

β-glucan by Saccharomyces cerevisia.

Ashour, Eman. 2000. Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for Xanthan

Production by Xanthomonas Campestris NRRL B-1459. Journal of Union

of Arab Biologists, 9B, Microbiology and Virus, 211-228, 2000.

ATCC® 13951™. 2018. Xanthomonas campestris (Pammel) Dowson. American

Type Culture Collection PO Box 1549Manassas, VA 20108 USA

Atlas, Ronald. M. 1989. Microbiology: fundamental and aplication 2nd Edition.

New York: Macmillan publishing Company. hal. 153-55.

Averre, Charles W. "Black Rot of Cabbage and Related Crops" Accessed on August

16, 2007.

Baek, J.G.; Shim, S.M.; Kwon, D.Y.; Choi, H.K.; Lee, C.H.; Kim, Y.S. Metabolite

profiling of Cheonggukjang, a fermented soybean paste, inoculated with

various Bacillus strains during fermentation. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.

2010, 74, 1860–1868.

Beauvais A., Bruneau J. M., Mol P. C., Buitrago M. J., Legrand R., Latge J. P. 2001.

Glucan synthase complex of Aspergillus fumigatus. J. Bacteriol. 183, 2273–

2279 10.1128/JB.183.7.2273-2279.2001 [PMC free article] [PubMed]

[CrossRef]

Beauvais A., Drake R., Ng K., Diaquin M., Latge J. P. 1993. Characterization of

the 1,3 beta-glucan synthase of Aspergillus fumigatus. J. Gen. Microbiol.

139, 3071–3078 [PubMed]

56

Beauvais, A., Bruneau, J. M., Mol, P. C., Buitrago, M. J., Latgé, J. P., & Legrand,

R. (2001). Glucan Synthase Complex of Aspergillus fumigatus Glucan

Synthase Complex of Aspergillus fumigatus. Journal of Bacteriology,

183(7), 2273–2279. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.183.7.2273

Beauvais, A., Fontaine, T., Aimanianda, V., & Latgé, J. P. (2014). Aspergillus cell

wall and biofilm. Mycopathologia, 178(5–6), 371–377.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-014-9766-0

Benson. 2001. Microbiological Application. Mc.Graw Hill Publisher : New York.

Ber, L.1997. Yeast derived β-1,3-D-Glucan: an adjuvant concept. American Journal

of Natural Medicine Vol 4 No 9.

Biochem. Biotechnol. 34/35(1): 597–612. doi:10.1007/BF02920581.

Britannica Encylcopedia. Bacillus Bacteria. Diakses tanggal 2 Februari 2019 di

https://www.britannica.com/science/bacillus-bacteria/media/47965/127578

Brown, D. W., Yu, J. H., Kelkar, H. S., Fernandes, M., Nesbitt, T. C., Keller, N. P.,

Adams, T. H. & Leonard, T. J. (1996) Twentyfive coregulated transcripts

define a sterigmatocystin gene cluster in Aspergillus nidulans. Proceedings

of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 93: 1418–1422.

Burkus, Z. and Temelli, F. (2000). Stabilization of emulsions and foams using

barley β-glucan. Food Res. Int. 33: 27–33.

Cabib, E., D.H. Roh, M. Schmidt, L.B. Crotti, and A. Varma. 2001. The yeast cell

wall and septum as paradigms of cell growth and morphogenesis. The

Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (3): 19679-19682.

Cheeseman, I.M., and R.M. Brown, Jr. 2000. Microscopy of Curdlan Structure.

Department of Botany, The University Texas at Austin.dam, The

Netherlands. pp. 201–229.

Cho Y. H., S.J.Y., Kim K.M., Lee I.Y., Kim S.B., Kim H.S., Han N.S., Lee B.H.,

Kim B.S., Production of nattokinase by batch and fed-batch culture of

Bacillus subtilis. New Biotechnology, 2010. 27(4): p. 341 - 346.

Coyne, Mark S. 1999. Soil Microbiology: An Exploratory Approach. Delmar

Publisher, USA.

D.J.Robeson & D.R.Cook. 1985. Production of low molecular weight carboxylic

acids by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in relation to the amino

acid composition of the medium and their possible involvement in

pathogenesis. Article in Physiologial Plant Pathology 26(2): 219-230. DOI:

10.1016/0048-4059(85)90022-0

Dawkins, N. L. and Nnanna, I.A. (1995). Studies on oat gum (1→3,1→4)- β -

dglucan: Composition, molecular weight estimation and rheological

properties. Food Hydrocoll. 9(1): 1–7.

57

De Vuyst, L., and Vermeire, A. (1994). Use of industrial medium components for

xanthan production by Xanthomonas campestris NRRL-B-1459.

Appl.Microbial. Biotechnol., 42:187-191.

Dewi, R. T. K., Mubarik, N. R., & Suhartono, M. T. (2016). Medium optimization

of β-glucanase production by Bacillus subtilis SAHA 32.6 used as biological

control of oil palm pathogen. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture,

28(2), 116–125. https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2015-05-195

Dhivya, C., Benny, I. S., Gunasekar, V., & Ponnusami, V. (2014). A review on

development of fermentative production of curdlan. International Journal of

ChemTech Research, 6(5), 2769–2773.

DuBois, M., Gilles, K., Hamilton, J., Rebers, P., & Smith, F. (1956). Colorimetric

methodfor determination of sugars and related substances. Analytical

Chemistry, 28(3),350–356.

Dwidjoseputro. (1998). Dasar-Dasar Mikrobiologi. Jakarta: Penerbit Djambatan.

Halaman 38,77.

Dwidjoseputro. 2005. Dasar-Dasar Mikrobiologi. Djambatan. Jakarta.

Esgalhado M.E., Carlos J.R., Collaco M.T.A. 1995. Interactive Effects of pH and

Temperature on Cell Growth and Polymer Production by Xanthomonas

campestris. Process Biochemistry Volume 30, Issue 7, Pages 667-671.

https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-9592(94)00044-1

Eun Lee, Da & Lee, Sunmin & Seok Jang, Eun & Shin, Hye & Moon, Byoung &

Hwan Lee, Choong. (2016). Metabolomic Profiles of Aspergillus oryzae

and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens During Rice Koji Fermentation. Molecules.

21. 773. 10.3390/molecules21060773.

European Bioinformatics Institute. 1996. Eukaryotes Genomes – Saccharomyces

cerevisiae. Diakses tanggal 30 November. 2017. Diambil

dari :URL :www.embl-ebi.com/Saccharomyces_cerevisiae.html

Fardiaz, S. 1987. Fisiologi Fermentasi. Pusat Antar Universitas IPB. Bogor. 186

hlm.

Fardiaz, S. 1993. Analisis Mikrobiologi Pangan Edisi Pertama. Cetakan Pertama.

Raja Grafindo Persada, Jakarta.

Farkas, V. 1979. Biosynthesis of Cell Walls of Fungi. MICROBIOLOGICAL

Reviews, p. 117-144. Vol 48, No. 2. Institute of Chemistry, Department of

Biochemistry of Saccharides, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 809 33

Bratislava, Czechoslovakia 0146-0749/79/02-0117/28$02.00/0

FDA (1996). Food labeling: Health claims: Oats and coronary heart disease. Food

and Drug Administration, proposed rule. Fed. Regist. 61: 296–313.

Frazier, W.C dan W.C Westhoff, 1978, Food Microbiology, Mc Graw Hill

Publishing Co.ltd, New Delhi,India.

58

G. Sworn. 2009. Handbook of Hydrocolloids (Second Edition). A volume in

Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition.

Goldmann. 2008. Practical Handbook of Microbiology,Second Edition. CRC Press:

Florida.

Gompertz B. On the nature of the function expressive of the law of human mortality,

and on a new mode of determining the value of life contingencies.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological

Sciences. 1825; 182:513–85.

Gummadi, S. N., & Kumar, K. (2005). Production of extracellular water insoluble

β-1,3-glucan (Curdlan) from Bacillus sp. SNC07. Biotechnology and

Bioprocess Engineering, 10(6), 546–551.

https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02932292

Gunawan, Lisa. 2015. Kloning Gen Pengkode Endo-β-1,3-1,4 Glukanase Bacillus

subtilis subsp. Spizizenii W23 pada Plasmid pMMB67EH dalam Escherichia

coli Dh5a dan Eschericia coli Origami. ISSN : 0126-0421.

Guo J., Yang X.Q. 2015. Texture modification of soy-based products. Modifying

Food Texture, Volume 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-78242-333-

1.00011-5. Elsevier Ltd.

Gupta, M.D. and Kamat, M.Y. (1997). Isolation of wild Xanthomonas strains from

agricultural produce, their characterization and potential related to

polysaccharide production. Folia Microbiologica 42(6):621-628.

Hamdiyati, Yanti.2014. Pertumbuhan dan Pengendalian Mikroorganisme II.

http://file.upi.edu. Diakses pada tanggal 27 November 2018 pada pukul

14.20 WIB.

Hendra, Alex. 2005. Analisis pendahuluan produksi dan uji aktivitas antibakteri

crude β-glukan hasil isolasi dari Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan

agrobacterium sp Skripsi Fakultas MIPA Jurusan Kimia : Universitas

Indonesia.

Ho, G.-H., Ho, T.-I., Hsieh, K.-H., Su, Y.-C., Lin, P.-Y., Yang, J., Yang, K.-H.,

Yang, S.-C.,2006. g-Polyglutamic acid produced by Bacillus subtilis (natto):

structural characteristics, chemical properties and biological functionalities.

J. Chin. Chem. Soc. 53, 1363–1384.

Hsu, Chia-Hua., Martin, Y.L. 2003. Characterization of xanthan gum biosynthesis

in a centrifugal, packed-bed reactor using metabolic flux analysis. 2003

Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/S0032-

9592(03)00054-2.

Hu, Y., Ge, C., Yuan, W., Zhu, R., Zhang, W., Du, L., Xue, J., 2010.

Characterization of fermented black soybean natto inoculated with Bacillus

natto during fermentation. J. Sci. Food Agric. 90, 1194–1202.

Hunter, K.W.Jr., R.A. Gault, and M.D. Berner. 2002. Preparation of

microparticulate β-Glucan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae for use in

59

immune potentiation. Letters in Applied Microbiology 35 (4): 267-269. in

Industrial Microbiology, Vol. 18). Edited by M.E. Bushell. Elsevier.

Ibrahim, H.K. 2002. Effect of β-Glucan Extracted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

on angiogenesis. B.Sc. Microbiology, Dept. of Biology - Baghdad

University

Ishibashi et al. 2010. The influence of β-glucan on the growth and cell wall

architecture of Aspergillus spp. Microbiol Immunol. 2010 Nov;54(11):666-

72. doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2010.00264.x.

Jamas, S., Rha, C. and Sinskey, A. J. (1991).Glucan composition and process for

preparation thereof. United States Patent, No.5,033,972.

Judoamidjojo, M. Abdul AD, Endang GS. 1992. Teknologi Fermentasi. Jakarta :

Rajawali Press.

Jung D-Y, Cho Y-S, Chung C-S, Jung D-I, Kim K, Lee J-W (2001) Improved

Production of Curdlan with Concentrated Cells of Agrobacterium sp.

Biotechnol Bioprocess Eng 6:107–11.

Kalyanasundaram, G. T., Doble, M., & Gummadi, S. N. (2012). Production and

downstream processing of (1→3)-β- D-glucan from mutant strain of

Agrobacterium sp. ATCC 31750. AMB Express, 2(1), 1.

https://doi.org/10.1186/2191-0855-2-31

Kapteyn JC, Montijn RC, Vink E, Cruz J de la, Vobell A, Douwes JE, Shimoi H,

Lipke PN, Klis FM (1996) Retention of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall

proteins through a phosphodester-linked b-1,3-/b-1,6-glucan heteropolymer.

Glycobiology 6:337±345.

Karen, LB. 2014. The Bioherbicide Approach to Weed Control Using Plant

Pathogens. Dapat diakses di www.sciencedirect.com.

Karsten Eller, Erhard Henkes, Roland Rossbacher, Hartmut Höke "Amines,

Aliphatic" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2005 Wiley-

VCH Verlag, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a02_001

Kavanagh,K. 2005. Fungi Biology and Applications. John Wiley & Sons Ltd :

England.

Kenyon, W. J., & Buller, C. S. (2002). Structural analysis of the curdlan-like

exopolysaccharide produced by Cellulomonas flavigena KU. Journal of

Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 29(4), 200–203.

https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.7000277

Khaleel, H. I. 2002. Effect of β-Glucan Extracted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

on angiogenesis. Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education and

Scientific Research Al-Nahrain University College of Science Department

of Biotechnology

Kim, B., Byun, Y. B., and Mah, J. H. (2012). Biogenic amine formation and

bacterial contribution in Natto products. Food Chem., 135, 2005-2011.

60

Kosaric, N., dan Sukan, F.V., 2001. The Biotechnology of Ethanol : Classical and

Future Applications, Part II. Potential Source of Energy. WILEY-VCH

Verlag GmbH, Weinheim, 89-181.

Kusmiati & Agustin, N.W.S. 2009. Peningkatan Produksi Beta-glukan

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Menggunakan Sel imobilisasi dan Penambahan

Ion Logam pada Media Fermentasi. Pusat penelitian Bioteknologi-LIPI.

ISBN : 979-498-467-1.

Kusmiati, Tamat, S. R., Jusuf, E., & Istiningsih, R. I. A. (2007). Produksi -Glukan

Dari Dua Galur Agrobacterium sp . pada Media Mengandung Kombinasi

Molase dan Urasil. Jurnal Biodiversitas, 8(April), 123–129.

Kusmiati, Tamat, S. R., Nuswantara, S., & Isnaini, N. (2007). Produksi dan

Penetapan Kadar β -glukan dari Tiga Galur Saccharomyces cerevisiae dalam

Media Mengandung Molase. Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia, 5(1), 7–16.

Kwon, E.-Y., et al., Production of nattokinase by high cell density fed-batch culture

of Bacillus subtilis. Bioprocess and biosystems engineering, 2011. 34(7): p.

789-793.

Lawford, H.G., and Rousseau, J.D. 1992. Production of β-1,3-glucan

exopolysaccharide in low shear systems: the requirement for high oxygen

tension. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 34/35(1): 597–612.

doi:10.1007/BF02920581.

Lee E.D., Lee. S., Jang E.S., Shin H.W., Moon B.S., Lee C.H. 2007. Metabolomic

Profiles of Aspergillus oryzae and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens During

RiceKoji Fermentation. MDPI Journals Molecules, 21, 773;

doi:10.3390/molecules21060773

Lee et al. (2013). Growth and fermentation characteristics of Saccharomyces

cerevisiae NK28 isolated from kiwi fruit. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.2013 ;

23(9): 1253~1259

Lee JH, Lee IY, Kim MK, Park YH (1999b) Optimal pH control of batch processes

for production of curdlan by Agrobacterium species. J Ind Microbiol

Biotechnol 23:143–148. doi:10.1038/sj. jim.2900714.

Lee, I.-Y. 2002. Curdlan. In Polysaccharides I: polysaccharides from pro-karyotes

(Biopolymers, Vol. 5). Edited by E.J. Vandamme, S. De Baets, and A.

Steinbüchel. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany. pp. 135–158.

Lee, J.M. 1992. Biochemical Engineering. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Lima, M.A.G.A., Araujo, J.M., and Franca, F.P. (1997). The evaluation of different

parameters to characterize xanthan gum-producing strains of Xanthomonas

campestris pv campestris. Arq. Biol. Technol., 40(1): 179-187.

Limberger-Bayer V., Francisco A.D., Aline C., Tatiana O., Paulo J.O., Pedro L.M.B.

2014. Food Chemistry Volume 154, Pages 84-89

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.12.104.

61

Lin, H.M., and Tseng,. Y.H. (1979). Exopolysaccharide synthesis from

Xanthomonas oryzae. Natl. Sci. Counc. R.O.C., 3:279-284.

Lipke, P. N., & Ovalle, R. (1998). Cell Wall Architecture in Yeast : New Structure

and New Challenges MINIREVIEW Cell Wall Architecture in Yeast : New

Structure and New Challenges, 180(15), 3735–3740.

Liu, R., Li, J., Wu, T., Li, Q., Meng, Y., & Zhang, M. (2015). Effects of ultrafine

grinding and cellulase hydrolysis treatment on physicochemical and

rheological properties of oat (Avenanuda L.) β-glucans Journal of Cereal

Science, 65, 125–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jcs.2015.07.002

Liu,J. 2005. Optimiation of Nutritional Conditions for Nattokinase Production by

Bacillus natto NLSSE using Statiscal Experimental Methods. Journal of

Process Biochem 40: 2757 2762.

Llull D, García E, López R (2001) Tts, a processive β-glucosyl- transferase of

Streptococcus pneumoniae, directs the synthesis of branched Type 37

capsular polysaccharide in pneumococcus and other Gram-positive species.

J Biol Chem 276:21053– 21061

Lo, Y., Yang, S., and Min, D.B. (1997). Effects of yeast extract and glucose on

xanthan production and cell growth in batch culture of Xanthomonas

campestris. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 47(6):689-694.

Lorda, G.S., Pastor, M.D., and Balatti, A.P. (1994). Xanthan production by

Xanthomonas campestris B-1459. Rev. Argent. Microbiol., 26(1):9-20.

Lu, G.T.; J.R. Xie; L. Chen; J.R. Hu; S.Q. An; H.Z. Su; et al. (2009).

"Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase of Xanthomonas campestris

pv. campestris is required for extracellular polysaccharide production and

full virulence". Microbiology. 155 (5): 1602–1612.

doi:10.1099/mic.0.023762-0. PMID 19372163.

Machida, M.; Yamada, O.; Gomi, K. Genomics of Aspergillus oryzae: Learning

from the history of koji mold and exploration of its future. DNA Res. 2008,

15, 173–183.

Mahajan, P. M., Gokhale, S. V., & Lele, S. S. (2010). Production of Nattokinase

Using Bacillus natto NRRL 3666: Media optimization, scale Up, and kinetic

modeling. Food Science and Biotechnology, 19(6), 1593–1603.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-010-0226-4

Mahdinia, E., Demirci, A., & Berenjian, A. (2018). Biocatalysis and Agricultural

Biotechnology Utilization of glucose-based medium and optimization of

Bacillus subtilis natto growth parameters for vitamin K ( menaquinone-7 )

production in bio fi lm reactors. Biocatalysis and Agricultural

Biotechnology, 13(October 2017), 219–224.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2017.12.009

Maier. R.M. 2015. Environmental Microbiology (Third Edition). Elsevier

62

Mangunwidjaja, D dan A. Suryani. 1994. Teknologi Bioproses, Penebar Swadaya,

Jakarta.

MD. Asaduzzaman. 2007. Standardization of Yeast Growth Curves from Several

Curves with Different Initial Sizes. Chalmers University of Technology and

G¨oteborg University.

Methacanon, P. 2011. Interleukin – 8 – Stimulating Actiity of Low Molecular

Weight of ß-glucan Depolymerized by γ-Irradiation. Carbohydr.. Polymr.

86:574 – 580.

Middlebeek, E.J., R.O. Jenkins and J.S. Drijver-de Haas. 1992. Growth in batch

culture. In Vitro Cultivation of Micro-organisms. Biotechnology by Open

Learning.

Mytilinaios, I. 2012. Growth Curve Prediction From Optical Density Data.

International Journal of Food Microbiology 154(3): 169-176.

Nelson, D.L.; Cox, M.M. Principles of Biochemistry, 4th Ed.; W.H. Freeman: New

York, 2005

Nguyen, T.H.;Fleet, G.H.; Rogers, P.L.(1998). Isolation of βglucan from cell wall

of Saccharomyces cerevisae. Appl. Microbial.Biotechnol. , 50,206.

Nout. R. 2015. Quality, safety, biofunctionality and fermentation control in soya.

Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands

Ochoa et al. 2000. Xanthan gum: Production, recovery, and properties. Article in

BiotechnologyAdvances18(7):549-579

https://doi.org/10.1016/S07349750(00)00050-1

Odabasi, Z., Paetznick, V. L., Rodriguez, J. R., Chen, E., McGinnis, M. R., &

Ostrosky-Zeichner, L. (2006). Differences in β-glucan levels in culture

supernatants of a variety of fungi. Medical Mycology, 44(3), 267–272.

https://doi.org/10.1080/13693780500474327

Ostergaard, S. 2000. Metabolic Engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

International Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 61(1): 34 – 50.

Palaniraj, A. 2011. Production, Recovery, and Applications of Xanthan Gum by

Xanthomonas campestris. International Journal of Food Engineering

106(1):1-12.

Parrou, J. 1999. Dynamic Response of Reserve Carbohydrate Metabolism Under

Carbon and Nitrogen Limitation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of

Yeast 15: 191-203.

Parrou, J. 1999. Dynamic Response of Reserve Carbohydrate Metabolism Under

Carbon and Nitrogen Limitation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Journal of

Yeast 15: 191-203

Paulraj, B., College, M. G. R., & Saravanan, T. (2012). Optimization of Β -Glucan

Production from Lower Fungi using Central Composite Design and its

Biological Application, 49(8), 23–28.

63

Pelczar, M. J. dan Chan, E. C. S., 2005, “Dasar-dasar Mikrobiologi 1”, Alih bahasa:

Hadioetomo, R. S., Imas, T., Tjitrosomo, S.S. dan Angka, S. L., UI Press,

Jakarta

Pelczar, MJ. 1986. Dasar-dasar Mikrobiologi. Jakarta : UI Press.

Pengkumsri, N., Sivamaruthi, B. S., Sirilun, S., Peerajan, S., Kesika, P., Chaiyasut,

K., & Chaiyasut, C. (2017). Extraction of β-glucan from Saccharomyces

cerevisiae : Comparison of different extraction methods and in vivo

assessment of immunomodulatory effect in mice. Food Science and

Technology, 37(1), 124–130. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-457X.10716

Phillips, K.R., and Lawford, H.G. 1983. Curdlan: its properties and production in

batch and continuous fermentations. In Microbial polysaccharides (Progress

in Industrial Microbiology, Vol. 18). Edited by M.E. Bushell. Elsevier,

Amster-dam, The Netherlands. pp. 201–229.

Piotrowska, M. 2015. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cell Wall Component as Tools for

Ochratoxin A Decontamination. Journal Toxins 7:1(1151-1162).

Pitson, S. M., R. J. Seviour and B. M. McDougall. 1993. Noncellulolytic fungal β-

glucanases: Their physiology and regulation. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 5:

178-192.

Priest. FG. I . Campbell. 1996. Brewing biotechnology 2nd Edition. London :

Published Champman and Hall.

Puri S., Arora M., Loveleen S. 2013. Production and optimization of amylase and

glucoamylase using Aspergillus oryzae under solid state fermentation.

International Journal of Research in Pure and Applied Microbiology

Universal Research Publications. All rights reserved

Purwitasari, E. 2004. Pengaruh Media Tumbuh terhadap Kadar Protein

Saccharomyces cerevisiae dalam Pembuatan Protein Sel Tunggal. Jurnal

Bioteknologi 1(2): 37-42.

Ragunathan, Swaminathan K. 2005. Growth and amylase production by

Aspergillus oryzae during solid state fermentation using banana waste as

substrate. J Environ Biol. 2005 Oct;26(4):653-6.

Rajeshwarl, K.V., Prakash, G., and Ghosh, P. (1995). Improved process for xanthan

production using modified media and intermittent feeding strtegy. Lett.

Appl. Microbiol., 21:173-175.

Ramos, H. C., Hoffmann, T., Marino, M., Nedjari, H., Presecan-Siedel, E., Dreesen,

O., … Jahn, D. (2000). Fermentative metabolism of Bacillus subtilis:

Physiology and regulation of gene expression. Journal of Bacteriology,

182(11), 3072–3080. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.182.11.3072-3080.2000

Reed, G. dan H. J. Rehm.1983. Biotechnology Vol III. Industrial Microbiology.

AVI Publishing Company Inc. Wstport, Connecticut.

Reed, G., dan H.J. Peppler. 1993. Yeast Technology. The AVI Publ.Co., Inc.

Westport, Connecticut.

64

Ridge, Garret & Mike Munster. 2018. Xanthomonas species (Bacterial leaf spot on

ornamentals).https://wiki.bugwood.org/Xanthomonas_species_(Bacterial_l

eaf_spot_on_ornamentals). North Carolina State University.

Robinson. T. 1995. Kandungan organik tumbuhan tinggi. Bandung : Penerbit ITB.

Rolfe M.D., Rice CJ., Lucchini S., Pin C., Thomson A., Cameron A.D., Alston M.,

Stringer M.F., Betts R.P., Baranyi J., Peck M.W., Hinton J.C. 2012. Lag

phase is a distinct growth phase that prepares bacteria for exponential

growth and involves transient metal accumulation. J Bacteriol. 194(3):686-

701. doi: 10.1128/JB.06112-11. DOI: 10.1128/JB.06112-11

Ruissen, T., Van Der Vossen R.T.M., Kocks. C.G. 1993. Growth of Xanthomonas

campestris pv. campestris populations at constant and variable temperatures.

European Journal of Plant Pathology 99:173-179

Said, E. G. 1987. Bioindustri: Penerapan Teknologi Fermentasi. Mediyata111a

Sarana Perkasa, Jakarta.

Saito, K., Yajima, T., Nishimura, H., Aiba, K., Ishimitsu, R., Matsuguchi, T., …

Yoshikai, Y. (2003). Soluble branched ??-(1,4)glucans from Acetobacter

species show strong activities to induce interleukin-12 in vitro and inhibit

T-helper 2 cellular response with immunoglobulin E production in vivo.

Journal of Biological Chemistry, 278(40), 38571–38578.

https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M304948200

Satriyo, 2011. LAJU PERTUMBUHAN Saccharomyces cerevisiae PADA

PROSES FERMENTASI PEMBENTUKAN BIOETANOL DARI BIJI

SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor L.). ISSN : 1411-4216.

Saudagar, P.S. & Singhal, R.S. Appl Biochem Biotechnol (2004) 118: 21

Schallmey, M. 2004. Developments in The Use of Bacillus Species for Industrial

Production. Canadian Journal of Microbial 50(1): 1- 17

Scragg, A.H. 1991. Bioreactors in Biotechnology, A Practical Approach. Ellis

Horword, New York.

Shafique S, Bajwa R, Shafique S (2009). Screening of Aspergillus niger and A.

flavus strains for extra cellular α-amylase activity. Pak. J. Bot. 41(2): 897-

905.

Shah, IJ., PN, Gami., R.M. Shukla., D.K. Acharya. 2014. Optimization for α-

amilase production by Aspergillus oryzae using submerged fermentation

technology. Basic Research Journals of Microbiology ISSN 2354-4082 Vol

1.(4).

Shematek, E.M., J.A. Braatz, and E. Cabib. 1980. Biosynthesis of the yeast cell wall:

I preparation and properties of β-(1→3) glucan synthetase. The Journal of

Biological Chemistry. 25 (3): 888-894.

Sidhu MS, Kalra MK, Sandhu DK. 1986. Purification and characterization of

cellulolytic enzymes from Trichoderma harzianum. Folia Microbiol

31:293–302

65

Singh, S., Maninder, K., Dalbir, S.S., 2018. β‐glucan from different Indian oat

(Avena sativa) cultivars: Chemical, functional, structural, and rheological

properties. Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Food Process Preserv. 2018;e13788.

wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/jfpp. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13788

Singleton, P. 2006. Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology. Wiley

Interscience, New Jersey.

Sivaramakrishnan, S. Gangadharan, D. Nampoothiri, K.M, Soccol C. Pandey. A.

2006. α-Amylases from Microbial Sources – An Overview on Recent

Developments. Food Technology and Biotechnology.

Suci, Lucia Sulistyaningrum. 2008. OPTIMASI FERMENTASI ASAM KOJAT

OLEH GALUR MUTAN. Aspergillus flavus NTGA7A4UVE10. Skripsi

Universitas Indonesia.

Suphantharika, M., Khunrae, P., Thanardkit, P., & Verduyn, C. (2003). Preparation

of spent brewer's yeast b-glucans with a potential application as an

immunostimulant for black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. Bioresource

Technology, 88, 55e60.

Tan et al. 2016. Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus subtilis subsp. natto Strain

CGMCC 2108, a High Producer of Poly-Gamma-Glutamic Acid.

Tang, L., K. Huang, J. Xie, D. Yu, L. Sun, Q. Huang dan Y. Bi. 2017. 1-

Deoxynojirimycin from Bacillus subtilis Improves Antioxidant and

Antibacterial Activities of Juvenile Yoshitomi tilapia. Electronic Journal of

Biotechnology. 30(1) : 39-47.

Terabayashi Y. et al. 2010. Identification and characterization of genes responsible

for biosynthesis of kojic acid, an industrially important compound from

Aspergillus oryzae. Fungal Genetics and Biology 47(12):953-61. DOI:

10.1016/j.fgb.2010.08.014

Thontowi, A. K. (2007). Produksi β-Glukan Saccharomyces cerevisiae dalam

Media dengan Sumber Nitrogen Berbeda pada Air-Lift Fermentor.

Biodiversitas, (2007) 253-256.

Tortora, G.J., Funke, B.R., and Christine L.C. 2002. Microbiology : An Introduction.

Pearson Education Inc. San Fransisco. USA.

Tran, TP. 2017. Soil – Water Characteristics of Xanthan Gum Biopolymer

Containing Soils. Proceedings of The 19th International Conference on Soil

Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Seoul.

Tuan, N.A., Dinh, T.H.T., Tran,T.M.T., Nguyen, T.H. 2015. Determination the

optimum fermentation in obtaining nattokinase in Bacillus subtillis natto.

International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies. ISSN 2028-9324

Vol. 13 No. 3 Nov., pp. 663-668.

Upadhyay, T.K., Nida, F., Deepak, S., Saravanakumar, V., Rolee, S. 2017.

Preparation and characterization of beta-glucan particles containing a

66

payload of nanoembedded rifabutin for enhanced targeted delivery to

macrophages. EXCLI J. 2017; 16: 210–228. doi: 10.17179/excli2016-804

Uscanga, BA. 2003. A Study of The Yeast Cell Wall Composition and Structure in

Respnse to Growth Conditions and Mode of Cultivation. Letters in Applied

Microbiology 37 : 268-274.

Valasques, G. L., De Lima, F. O., Boffo, E. F., Santos, J. D. G., Da Silva, B. C., &

De Assis, S. A. (2014). Extraction optimization and antinociceptive activity

of (1→3)-β-d-glucan from Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Carbohydrate

Polymers, 105(1), 293–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.01.064

Vasanthan, T., & Temelli, F. (2008). Grain fractionation technologies for cereal β‐

glucan concentrates. Food Research International, 41(9), 876–881.

Volk, W.A and M.F. Wheeler. 1993. Mikrobiologi Dasar. Edisi Kelima. Jilid 1.

Penerbit Erlangga. Jakarta.

Volk, Wesley A dan Margareth F. Wheeler., 1998. Mikrobiologi Dasar Jilid I.

Jakarta : Erlangga.

Walker, GM. 1995. Yeast physicology and biotechnology. New York : John Willey

and Sons.

Wang, Q., Sheng, X., Shi, A., Hu, H., Yang, Y., Liu, L.Liu, H., (2017). β-Glucans:

Relationships between modification, conformation and functional activities.

Molecules, 22(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22020257

Wardani, A.K & Fenty, N.E.P. 2013. Produksi Etanol Dari Tetes Tebu Oleh

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pembentuk Flok (NRRL-Y 265). Jurusan

Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas

Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145

Wibowo, M.S. 2016. Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pertumbuhan Mikroorganisme.

School of Pharmacy ITB.

Williamson VM, Bennetzen J, Young ET, Nasmyth K, Hall BD (1980). "Isolation

of the structural gene for alcohol dehydrogenase by genetic

complementation in yeast." Nature 283(5743);214-6. PMID: 6985717

Wirahadikusumah M. 1989. Biokimia protein, enzim dan asam Nukleat. Bandung:

Institut Teknologi Bandung. hal. 75-82.

Yanti, Hamdiyati. 2014. Pertumbuhan dan Pengendalian Mikroorganisme II. http://

file.upi.edu. Diakses Tanggal 27 Desember 2018 Pukul 15.54 WIB.

Yenti. 2005. Produksi β-glukan oleh Saccharomyces erevisiae pada fermentor air

lift dengan variasi sumber karbon. Skripsi. Fakultas MIPA Jurusan Kimia

Universitas Indonesia.

York, W. S. (1995). A conformational model for cyclic β-(1-2)-linked glucans

based on NMR analysis of the β-glucans produced by Xanthomonas

campestris. Carbohydrate Research, 278(2), 205–225.

https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-6215(95)00260-X

67

Yoshimi, A., Miyazawa, K., & Abe, K. (2017). Function and Biosynthesis of Cell

Wall α-1,3-Glucan in Fungi. Journal of Fungi, 3(4), 63.

https://doi.org/10.3390/jof3040063

Young,L.2004.Korea research institute of bioscience and biotechnology. diambil:

http://www. Willey-Vch. de/books/biopoly/pdf-vos/bpol 15006-135-144

pdf (diakses: 28 April 2017

Yu AC, Loo JF, Yu S, Kong SK, Chan TF (January 2014). "Monitoring bacterial

growth using tunable resistive pulse sensing with a pore-based technique".

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 98 (2): 855–62.

doi:10.1007/s00253-013-5377-9

Yuliana, Neti. 2008. Kinetika Pertumbuhan Bakteri Asam Laktat Isolat T5 Yang

Berasal Dari Tempoyak. Jurnal Teknologi Industri dan Hasil Pertanian

Volume 13, No. 2,

Yunilawati, R. 2015. Pemanfaatan Ampas Inti Sawit (Palm Kernel Mill) Sebagai

Media Fermentasi Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sebagai Penghasil ß-glukan.

Jurnal Kimia dan Kemasan Vol. 37 No. 1 : 1-8. Penerbit Arean : Jakarta.

Zechner-Krpan, V.; Petravic-Tominac, V.; Gospodaric, I.; Sajli, L.; Dakovic, S. and

Grcic, J. F. (2010). Characterization of beta glucan isolated from Brewer’s

yeast and dried by different methods. Food Technol. Biotechnol. 48(2): 189-

197. .

Zeković, D. B., Kwiatkowski, S., Vrvić, M. M., Jakovljević, D., & Moran, C. A.

(2005). Natural and modified (1→3)-β-D-glucans in health promotion and

disease alleviation. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 25(4), 205–230.

https://doi.org/10.1080/07388550500376166

Zhang, Z & Chen, H. 2010. Fermentation performance and structure characteristics

of xanthan produced by Xanthomonas campestris with a glucose/xylose

mixture. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2010 Mar;160(6):1653-63. doi:

10.1007/s12010-009-8668-y. Epub 2009 May 21.

Zhu, F., Du, B., & Xu, B. (2016). A critical review on production and industrial

applications of β-glucans. Food Hydrocolloids, 52, 275–288.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.07.003

68

RIWAYAT HIDUP

Nama Lengkap : Casey Dio

Jenis Kelamin : Laki - laki

Tempat/Tanggal Lahir : Jakarta, 2 November 1995

Nama Ayah : Pingky Simon

Nama Ibu : Meyga Tjunggasari

Anak ke : 2 dari 2 bersaudara

Agama : Kristen Prostestan

Alamat Rumah : Jl. Danau Sunter Utara B-1A No. 10

No. HP : 081298634427

Email : caseydio04@gmail.com

Warga Negara : Indonesia

Riwayat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan

Jenjang Pendidikan

Periode Sekolah / Institusi / Universitas Jurusan Jenjang

2014 -

Sekarang

Fakultas Teknologi Industri

Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Teknologi

Pangan S1

2011 - 2014 SMAK IPEKA SUNTER II IPA SMA

2008- 2011 SMP IPEKA SUNTER II - SMP

2002 - 2008 SD UNIVERSAL SCHOOL

KEMAYORAN - SD

Pendidikan Nonformal/Pelatihan

Technopreneur FTIP UNPAD 2015

SPSS (Statistical Product and

Service Solution )

FTIP UNPAD 2017

Good Laboratory Practices

(GLP)

FTIP UNPAD 2017

Food Safety Management

System Training Based on ISO

22000:2005

Sherlock Swiss Internasional

2017

69

Riwayat Organisasi

Nama Organisasi Jabatan Periode

Himpunan Mahasiswa Peduli

Pangan Nasional

Ketua Bidang Informasi

dan Komunikasi 2017-2018

Badan Eksekutif Mahasiswa

Keluarga Mahasiswa FTIP

Ketua Bidang Kementrian

Media 2016-2017

Riwayat Kepanitiaan

Nama Kegiatan Jabatan Periode

Fooderation 2014 Anggota Bidang Publikasi dan

Dokumentasi 2014

Pola Pembinaan Spekta TIP Unpad 2015 Ketua Bidang Publikasi dan

Dokumentasi 2015

Pola Pembinaan SPARTA FTIP Unpad 2015 Anggota Bidang Publikasi dan

Dokumentasi 2015

Natal Keluarga Mahasiswa Protestan Katolik

2015

Ketua Bidang Publikasi dan

Dokumentasi 2015

Food Career Day 2015 Anggota Bidang Publikasi dan

Dokumentasi 2015

FTIP FAIR 2016 Anggota Bidang Publikasi dan

Dokumentasi 2016