28_doriforoi
description
Transcript of 28_doriforoi
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2o .. : 2012-2013
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- ...2 1
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1. 3 1. .4
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2. .... 6 2. ....7 2. ....8 2. ...........12 2. .14
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4. .. ..19 4. ....20 4. 22 4. ..23
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( 1.4) ( 1.5)
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( 1.6) ( 1.7)
4. (internet) , , "TCP/IP" ( ) .
( 1.8) ( 1.9)
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2:
2. - Clarke
, , , . . , 1883 1941. , . . , . 1942 V 2, 95 . , .
Arthur Clarke. 1945 Wireless Word . Clarke . Arthur Clarke. , Clarke .
( 2.1)
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1 . , 1 ( , ISZ )), . 4 1957 R-7.
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, 58 , 83 .
1 , .
1 92 , 3 1958: 1.400 70 .
( 2.2)
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1945: Arthur Klark .
1949: & , .
1957: . Sputnik 1
2 (.:-2) 3 1957 . , .
1958 - - , 31 1958 Explorer 1 , 1957.
(James A. Van Allen). Explorer 1 Explorer 3 ( 1958) . Van Allen
( 2.3)
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1960. 1 13 1960 , 1 ( 1) 12 1960.
1 , . , . satelloon (satelite baloon). , , . . 1A 24 1968.
echo 1
( 2.4)
1964 2, 41,1 PET . 25 1964 Thor Agena. , . 2 7 1969. 2, NASA .
echo 2
( 2.5)
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10/4/1964 Beacon Explorer B laser Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR)
1960 TRANSIT ... ( G.P.S.)
SLR
Beacon explorer c
( 2.6)
1970-1980
: , 1973 SKYLAB: : 1975 GEOS3 3,5 : 1978: JPL SEASAT: ,
1980-1990
(GPS)
(El-Nino)
, ,
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1990-2000
5 : ( 18/1/2006)
International Earth Rotation Service (IERS).
,
2000 .
(Wide Area Augmentation System WAAS, European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service EGNOS)
( Saral, HY-2, Sentinel-3, Jason-3, Jason-CS series)
( 2.7)
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2.
() ( ESA, European Space Agency) . 30 1975 , . 19 2.000 , , .
Envisat, . Envisat 2002 8 2012, . , Envisat , , , , , .
( 2.8)
, Artemis ESA , European Data Relay System . , laser . , , 36.000 , .
( 2.9)
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Galileo, , , GPS , Glonass. Galileo " , 800 ".
Galileo GIOVE-A1, GIOVE-B. GIOVE-A2 Galileo-IOV 1-4.
Giove A 23.000 .
O Giove A, 602 SSTL, .
( 2.10) Galileo Giove 1
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2.
39 . , , , Hellas Sat Deutsche Telekom.
, , Hellas Sat 2. Hellas Sat 2 . - Atlas 5 - Lockheed Martin- Hellas Sat C-41 14 2003. . , Atlas 5 . , , 39 ( 39 0, ) .
Hellas Sat 2, :
. ( 2004)
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(VS), .
( , ). , ,
.
Internet .
( 2.11) Hellas sat 2
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(3.2)
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O , . , ( ), . .
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. , . G.P.S. Galileo Positioning System .
( 3.4)
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. ( ) 240 ms, . .
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(7-10 ). .
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Internet.
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, . . , . , , , . , , . "uplinked", "downlinked".
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4. . . , . 27.358 /, , . , 38.000 /, . ; : (1) , (2) , . , . ( ), . ( Everest). , . : . , . 27.358 /, . , .
( 4.2) ( 4.3)
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, , :
. LEO: . MEO: . GEO:
. (LEO)
( ). (100-300 ). 15 . ( ). L. K.
(MEO)
, . LEO GEO, 6.000-12.000 . 2-4 . LEO.
(GEO)
. 22.300 (35.800 km). 24 , 7.000 ) . .
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4. . . . 1957, Sputnik-1 . Sputnik-1 .
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Sputnik-1 . 40 30.000 . . , . , , . 80.000 10 .
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2009
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6:
{ 6.1}
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{ 6.2}
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7 1 .
{ 7.1} 2 . . . 3 . , . . .
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{.7.2} {.7.3}
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{ 7.8} 5 .
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1 51 x 26 5mm . 20X 24 . . .
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ATLACOL
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A/A
1. 3. 1,50
2. 2. 1,40
3. ATLACOL 1.x1kg 3.38
4. 1.x50. 1,49
5. 1 3mm 1,67
6. 1 5mm 1,67
7. 1 x 1m 3,39
8. () 1 x 1m 0,69
9. 1 x 2m 2,99
10.
1 x 1m 1,95
11. 1 0,00
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1 x 1m 0,00
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1 x 2m 0,00
20,13
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http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/ http://www.astrovox.gr/satellites.html http://lyk-n-moudan.chal.sch.gr/Downloads/Yliko/doryforoi.pdf http://astroforum.gr/forum/viewtopic.php?t=1689 http://www.livepedia.gr/index.php/ http://gym-astyp.dod.sch.gr/sputnik/sputnik/INFORMATION%20.htm http://www.e-telescope.gr/el/astronomy-and-space/61-first-greek-sattelite http://lyk-vatheos.eyv.sch.gr http://www.tovima.gr/science/article/?aid=358352 http://digitalschool.minedu.gov.gr/modules/ebook/show.php/DSGL-B110/93/7372760/
http://users.uom.gr/~perdos/Yliko/ch_3.pdf http://www.gma.org/surfing/sats.html http://science.howstuffworks.com/satellite1.htm
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