Training Basic Latex Edited by: Nguyen Duc Minh Khoi

Email: nguyenducminhkhoi@gmail.com

Website: http://nguyenducminhkhoi.blogspot.com

@HCMC University of Technology, Spring 2013

Main reference: THE NOT SO SHORT INTRODUCTION TO LATEX2Ε by Tobias Oetiker Hubert Partl, Irene Hyna and Elisabeth Schlegl

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Contents:

Things you need to know

Typesetting Text

Specialities

Typeset Mathematical formulae

Producing Mathematical graphics

Things you need to know

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Things you need to know Tex, Latex

TEX

is a computer program created by Donald E. Knuth

is aimed at typesetting text and mathematical formulae

LATEX

enables authors to typeset and print their work at the highest typo-graphical quality, using a predefined, professional layout

was originally written by Leslie Lamport

uses the TEX formatter as its typesetting engine

These days LATEX is maintained by Frank Mittelbach

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Things you need to know Author, Book Designer, Typesetter

To publish something:

authors give their typed manuscript to a publishing company.

One of their book designers then decides the layout of the document and writes his instructions into the manuscript and then gives it to a typesetter

typesetter who typesets the book according to these instructions.

In a LATEX environment,

LATEX takes the role of the book designer and uses TEX as its typesetter.

But LATEX is “only” a program and therefore needs more guidance. The author has to provide additional information to describe the logical structure of his work.

This information is written into the text as “LATEX commands.”

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Things you need to know Latex’s advantages

LATEX prevents formatting errors by forcing the author to declare the logical structure of his document. LATEX then chooses the most suitable layout.

Professionally crafted layouts are available, which make a document really look as if “printed.”

The typesetting of mathematical formulae is supported in a convenient way.

Users only need to learn a few easy-to-understand commands that specify the logical structure of a document.

Even complex structures such as footnotes, references, table of contents, and bibliographies can be generated easily.

TEX, the formatting engine of LATEX2ε, is highly portable and free. Therefore the system runs on almost any hardware platform available.

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Things you need to know Latex’s installation

On Linux OS systems: use Texlive as compiler and gedit as text editor

On Mac OS: use MacTex as compiler and text wrangler as text editor

On Windows: use MikTex as compiler and notepad++ as text editor

Or you can use texclipse as text editor (full support for latex) on multiple platform

On website:

verbosus

MonkeyTeX

LaTeX Lab

ShareLaTeX

WriteLaTeX

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Things you need to know Latex’s installation (cont.) - Texclipse

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Things you need to know Files encounter

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Typesetting Text

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Typesetting Text Input files

Spaces:

Several consecutive whitespace characters are treated as one “space”.

Whitespace at the start of a line is generally ignored, and a single line break is treated as “whitespace.”

An empty line between two lines of text defines the end of a paragraph. Several empty lines are treated the same as one empty line.

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Typesetting Text Input files (cont.)

Special Characters:

Latex Commands:

are case sensitive

start with a backslash \ and then have a name consisting of letters only. Command names are terminated by a space, a number or any other ‘non-letter.

If you want to get a space after a command, you have to put either an empty parameter {} and a blank or a special spacing command after the command name.

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Typesetting Text Input files (cont.)

Comments:

a % character while processing an input file, it ignores the rest of the present line, the line break, and all whitespace at the beginning of the next line.

write notes into the input file, which will not show up in the printed version.

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Typesetting Text Input file Structure

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Typesetting Text The Layout of the documents

M

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Typesetting Text The Layout of the documents (cont.)

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Typesetting Text The Layout of the documents (cont.)

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Typesetting Text Line Breaking and Page Breaking

To break a line, use:

starts a new line without starting a new paragraph:

additionally prohibits a page break after the forced line break:

Start a new page:

Several words can be kept together on one line with the command:

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Typesetting Text Special character and strings

Quotation marks:

Dash and hyphens:

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Typesetting Text Special character and strings (cont.)

Degree symbols (℃):

Euro currency symbols (€):

Ellipsis (…)

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Typesetting Text Titles, Chapters and Sections

For article class:

If you want to split your document in parts without influencing the section or chapter numbering use:

When you work with the report or book class, an additional top-level sectioning command becomes available:

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Typesetting Text Foot notes and emphasized words

Footnotes:

Emphasized words:

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Typesetting Text Environments

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Typesetting Text Environments – Flushleft, flushright, center

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Typesetting Text Quote, Quotation, Abstract

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Typesetting Text Verbatim, tabular

\begin{verbatim} and \end{verbatim} will be directly printed, as if typed on a typewriter:

Tabular:

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L: left aligned column R: right aligned column C: center aligned column

Specialties

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Specialties Figures and Tables

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Specialties Figures and Tables (cont.)

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Specialties Bibliography

Produce a bibliography with the thebibliography environment. Each entry starts with:

The marker is then used to cite the book, article or paper within the document.

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Specialties Table of contents (TOC)

Create table of contents:

In preamble section, add:

To describe title, author and the date written

Make title commands:

Cross references:

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Specialties Indexing

In the preamble:

Content of the index is specified with:

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Specialties Hypertext links

For complete hypertext links

Or embed explicit links:

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Specialties Big Projects

Use \includeonly comment in preamble first

Then use:

Use:

This makes LATEX skim through your document only checking for proper syntax and usage of the commands, but doesn’t produce any (DVI) output.

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Specialties Install Extra Packages Most LATEX installations come with a large set of pre-installed style packages

But many more are available on the net. (e.g.: http://www.ctan.org/ )

Or download template from www.latextemplates.com

Or using package manager of each compiler to install extra packages

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Typesetting Mathematical Formulae

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Typesetting Mathematical Formulae AMS-LATEX – Single Equation AMS-LATEX is produced by The American Mathematical Society and it is used

extensively for mathematical typesetting.

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Without numbering

Typesetting Mathematical Formulae Single Equations (cont.)

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Typesetting Mathematical Formulae Single Equations (cont.)

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Typesetting Mathematical Formulae Single Equations (cont.)

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Typesetting Mathematical Formulae Single Equations (cont.)

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Typesetting Mathematical Formulae Single Equations (cont.)

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Typesetting Mathematical Formulae Multiple Equations (cont.)

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Typesetting Mathematical Formulae Array and Matrices

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Typesetting Mathematical Formulae Array and Matrices (cont.)

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Typesetting Mathematical Formulae Theorems, lemmas…

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Typesetting Mathematical Formulae Theorems, lemmas… (cont.)

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Producing Mathematical graphics

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Producing Mathematical graphics Picture environment – basic operations

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Producing Mathematical graphics Line segments

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Producing Mathematical graphics Arrows

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Producing Mathematical graphics Circles

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Producing Mathematical graphics Text and formulas

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Producing Mathematical graphics Multiput, linethickness

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Producing Mathematical graphics Ovals

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Producing Mathematical graphics Predefined picture box

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Producing Mathematical graphics Quadratic Bézier Curves

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Producing Mathematical graphics The PGF and TikZ Graphics Packages (from latextemplates.com)

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Thank for your listening!