Ο Γαλιλαίος στη φυλακή. Μύθοι για την επιστήμη και τη...

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Ένα ανατρεπτικό βιβλίο από τις εκδόσεις λογεῖον σε συνεργασία με το Πανεπιστήμιο του Harvard. Μεταφράζει ο Γιώργος-Ίκαρος Μπαμπασάκης.

Transcript of Ο Γαλιλαίος στη φυλακή. Μύθοι για την επιστήμη και τη...

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Michael H. Shank [ ] ... . : . John William Draper, History of the Conflict between Religion and Science (1874)

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[Robert Wilson] Princeton University Press. ( 160 220) , , . , , , . , , , , , . 1.

: , , Cosmos (1980) [Carl Sagan]2, ; Cosmos PBS . ( ), . , , 3. . , Great Astronomers (Simon and Schuster, 1930) [Henry Smith Williams], . ( 1). , ( ). , : 1 Robert Wilson, Astronomy through the Ages: The Story of the Human Attempt to Understand the Universe (Princeton University Press, , , 1997), . 45. 2 Carl Sagan (19341996) , , , . Contact (1985) 1997, Robert Zemeckis Jodie Foster. (...) 3 Carl Sagan, Cosmos (Random House, 1980), . 335.

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( 12141294), , , , , , . ( ) . , , 4. , , . [John Heilbron], , The Sun in the Church : , , , , 5. . , , . , , 1200. 1500, . ; 30 6. 1200 1500 1350 . , . , : . , , 4 Roger Bacon, Compendium of the Study of Theology, . Thomas Maloney (Brill, 1988), . 8, . 5 John Heilbron, The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar Observatories (Harvard University Press, , , 1999), . 3. 6 Edward Grant, Science in the Medieval University Rebirth, Reform, and Resilience: Universities in Transition, 13001700, . James M. Kittelson Pamela J. Transue (Ohio State University Press, , 1984), . 68-102.

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. , , , , . , . , : , ( , , ) 7. , , , ; , ; . ( ). , , , . , , . , . , . , . , . , , , , , , . , , . . , ( ) 7 Rainer Schwinges, Deutsche Universittsbesucher im 14. und 15. Jahrhundert: Studien zur Sozial geschichte des Alten Reiches (Steiner Verlag, , 1986), . 487-88.

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( ). , , . [Robert Grosseteste] ( 11751253), , , , 8. , [Thomas Aquinas] ( 12251274)9 10. . [William of Ockham] ( 12871347), , , , . . , , , , , 11. , , . , , . , , , . , , ( , ), : , , /. . ( , .) , . 12108 W. R. Laird, Robert Grosseteste on the Subalternate Sciences, Traditio 43 (1987): . 147-69, . 150. 9 , , . , . , . , 1984, . 324-336. (.. .) 10 Jan Aertsen, Mittelalterliche Philosophie: ein unmgliches Projekt? Zur Wende des Philosophieverstndnisses im 13. Jahrhundert, Geistesleben im 13. Jahrhundert, . Jan A. Aertsen Andreas Speer (Walter De Gruyter, , 2000), . 12-28, . 20-21. 11 Ernest A. Moody, The Logic of William of Ockham (Russell and Russell, 1965), . 211.

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( ) 1215 ( ); . , , , , . , , , 12. , ; : . , , . . , , (, ). , , ( ). 1215, 1240. , 1255 - , . , , : , , . . ; , : , . , . , 12291231 ( , ... ) ( )13. , , Parens scientiarum ( ), 12 Lynn Thorndike, University Records and Life in the Middle Ages (Columbia University Press, 1944), . 26-28. 13 .., . 34.

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14. , , 1277, 219 , ; , ( ), 15. , , , . [Pierre Duhem]16 . . , 1277 ( - -) . , , 1277. . , William of Saint-Cloud camera obscura . , [Dietrich von Freiberg]17 ( ) : , , , . , , , . , [Jean Buridan]18 , , ( , 14 Jacques Verger, A propos de la naissance de luniversit de Paris: contexte social, enjeu politique, porte intellectuelle, Schulen und Studium im sozialen Wandel des hohen und spten Mittelalter, . Johannes Fried (Jan Thorbeke Verlag, , 1986), . 69-96, . 83, 94-95. 15 Edward Grant, ., A Source Book in Medieval Science (Harvard University Press, , , 1974), . 50. 16 Pierre Maurice Marie Duhem (18611916) , - . (...) 17 Dietrich von Freiberg ( 1250 1310) . (...) 18 Jean Buridan ( 1300 1358) . (...)

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). [Nicole Oresme]19, ( ) : . . , /, . , . 1150 1500, , , , . E , .

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Nicole Oresme ( 1320/51382) . (...)

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Lesley B. Cormack , [ ] , . , , ... . . . , , , , , . John William Draper, History of the Conflict between Religion and Science (1874) , , ... , , . Boise Penrose, Travel and Discovery in the Renaissance (1955) ... 300 1300 .. , , , . Daniel J. Boorstin, The Discoverers (1983)11 John William Draper, History of the Conflict between Religion and Science (D. Appleton, ,1874), . 157-9. Boise Penrose, Travel and Discovery in the Renaissance (Harvard University Press, , , 1955), . 7. Daniel J. Boorstin, The Discoverers: A History of Mans Search to Know Himself and His World (Random House, , 1983), x.

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; , . , ( ) . , , . , , , 2. ; , , . 3. . ; , . / William Whewell , , ( ), ( ). , 4. , , . , 2 , Lesley B. Cormack, Flat Earth or Round Sphere: Misconceptions of the Shape of the Earth and the Fifteenth-Century Transformation of the World, Ecumene 1 (1994), . 363-85. 3 Christine Garwood Flat Earth: The History of an Infamous Idea (Macmillan, , 2007) , . 4 , , Mounir A. Farah Andrea Berens Karls, World History: The Human Experience (Glencoe/McGraw Hill, , , 1999), Charles R. Coble , Earth Science (Prentice Hall, , , 1992), .

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[Washington Irving], Rip Van Winkle, 5. . . , , . , . . , . . . . , (384322 ..), ( ) ( ), . , , (2379 ..), ( ), [Macrobius] ( ), . 6. , . , , , . , (354430), ( 420), ( 420), . [Lactantius] ( ) , 7.5 Washington Irving, The Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus: Together with the Voyages of His Companions (John Murray, , 1828), . 88. 6 Jeffrey Burton Russell, Inventing the Flat Earth: Columbus and Modern Historians (Praeger, , 1991), . 24 Penrose, Travel and Discovery in the Renaissance, . 7. 7 Charles W. Jones, The Flat Earth, Thought 9 (1934), . 296-307, -

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, , . ( 1274), , . ( 1294), Opus Maius ( 1280) , , . [Albertus Magnus] ( 1280) , [Michael Scott] ( 1234) , , 8. [Jean de Sacrobosco], De Sphera ( 1230) , Pierre dAilly (13501410), , Imago Mundi ( 1410) 9. Sacrobosco , dAilly , . (570636), . , 10. , . , . , , , . 8 Thomas Aquinas, Summa theologica, par. I, qu. 47, art. 3, 1.3 Albertus Magnus, Liber cosmo graphicus de natura locoum (1260). John Scottus, De divisione naturae, 3.32-33. 9 Walter Oakeshott, Some Classical and Medieval Ideas in Renaissance Cosmography, Fritz Saxl, 18901948: A Volume of Memorial Essays from His Friends in England, . D. J. Gordon (Thomas Nelson, , 1957), . 245-60, . 251. dAilly, Arthur Percival Newton, ., Travel and Travellers in the Middle Ages (Routledge Kegan Paul, , 1949), . 14. 10 Isidore of Seville, De natuta rerum 10, Etymologiae III 47.

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, 11. . Jean de Mandeville , 1370, . Mandeville : , , , , , ... , , , , 12.

, (12651321) , . ( 13401400) The Franklins Tale , 13. [Cosmas Indicopleustes], . , , , . . , , , ( 891), 14. , 11 Wesley M. Stevens, The Figure of the Earth in Isidores De natura rerum Isis 71 (1980), . 273. Charles W. Jones, Bedae opera de temporibus (Medieval Academy of America, , , 1943), . 367. David Woodward, Medieval mappaemundi, The History of Cartography, . J. B. Harley David Woodward, 1: Cartography in Prehistoric, Ancient, and Medieval Europe and the Mediterranean (University of Chicago Press, , 1987), . 320-21. 12 Jean de Mandeville, Mandevilles Travels, . Malcolm Letts, 2 (Hakluyt Society, , 1953), 1:129. 13 Dante, Paradiso, Canto 9, 84 Inferno, Canto 26 [ : Dante Alighieri, . , , . 89, , . 263-71 (...)] Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, The Works of Geoffrey Chaucer, . F. N. Robinson (Houghton Mifflin Co., , 1961, . 140, 1228. 14 . The Beginnings of Western Science (Chicago University Press, , 1992) David C. Lindberg, . 58, . History of the Planetary Systems (Cambridge University

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. . , , , . , . , , . , . , , , . , . , , , , . , , . . , , , Press, , 1992) J. L. E. Dreyer , The Making of the Modern Mind: A Survey of the Intellectual Background of the Present Age (Houghton Mifflin, , 1926), . 23, John H. Randall, Jr., Travel Penrose, , . 7. Jones Flat Earth , . 305.

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15. Peter Martyr Decades of the New World (1511), . , , 16. , Peter Martyr . . , ; , . , . , . , , , 17. , . . , .

15 Fernando Colon, The Life of the Admiral Christopher Columbus by His Son Ferdinand, . Benjamin Keen (Greenwood Press, , , 1959), . 39 Bartolom de las Casas, History of the Indies, . Andre Collard (Harper and Row, , 1971), . 27-28. 16 Richard Eden, The Decades of the Newe Worlde or West India Wrytten in Latine Tongue by Peter Martyr of Angleria (, 1555), . 64. 17 , 10 1492 The Diario of Christopher Columbuss First Voyage to America 14923, Fray Bartolom de Las Casas, Oliver Dunn James E. Kelley, Jr., (University of Oklahoma Press, , 1989), . 57. , Eden, Decades, . 66.

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