1

2 Samuel 6:1-5, 12-19

(6:1)

1בישראל

gather, remove” under BDB 62a. A little hard to tell but Qal. Note how the“ = אסףaccent shifts and the vowel in the final syllable “reduces”. And the 1st א drops out entirely.

.still, yet, again, besides” under BDB 729a“ = עוד

.choose” under BDB 103b. Here Qal passive participle“ = בחר

thousand; (rarely) family” under BDB 48b. From *alpu. Note how in“ = אלףpausal form the original A vowel reappears.

2שלשים

(6:2)

Do not spend too much time trying to find this in BDB. GN.3 – בעלי יהודה

4אשר־

.chest, ark” under BDB 75a“ = ארון

Not sure how to understand the syntax of this phrase. So “which (its) – שם שם יהוהname is called Name of Yhwh”? Then why not 5?שמו

.cherub” under BDB 500b“ = כרוב

(6:3)

1 “A fe manuscripts, citation, Syriac, Targum ישראל; Septuagint εξ Ι. Compare Vulgate”.2 “Septuagint, Latin93,94 70”.3 “Qumran alit compare 1 Chronicles 13:6”.4 “Qumran pr את”..compare Syriac”. Well that helps שם Several manuscripts“ שם 5

2

6האלהים

.mount and ride, ride” under BDB 938b. Here Hiphil“ = רכב

,be rounded“ = עגל cart” (from rolling of wheels) under BDB 722b. Root“ = עגלהroll”.

.”new“ = חדש new” under BDB 294a. Root“ = חדש

.Qal waw-consecutive 3mp + 3fs suffix נשא Pause to note form – וישאהו

.hill” under BDB 148b“ = גבעה

?drive, conduct” under BDB 624a. Not simply “lead” but “drive” eh“ = נהג

7ועזא

8חדשה... אשר בגבעה

(6:4)

Wait. What is going on here? English translations ignore ...וישאהו מבית אבינדב?Is there a text critical issue here .בגבעה

(6:5)

Who expected a quiz on terms for musical instruments in classical Hebrew?

.Except here Hiphil .צחק || .laugh", Piel “sport, play” under BDB 965b" = שחק

Gk βραθυ. Lat .ברותא cypress or fir” under BDB 141a. Akk burāšu. Arm“ = ברושbratum = “cypress, juniper”. Ph אי בשם in GN.

Arb kināru(n). Eg kn-an-aul. Greek .כנרא lyre” under BDB 490a. Arm“ = כנורκινυρα. Note feminine plural.

.musical instrument, portable harp? guitar? lute?” under BDB 614a“ = נבל6 “Septuagint-L κυριου, Targum djhwh ut ubique”.7 “A few manuscripts ועזה compare 6b, 7, 8”.8 “Septuagint-O (homtel)”.

3

.”timbrel, drum“ = תפף timbrel, tambourine" under BDB 1074a. Root" = תף

,quiver, wave, waver“ = נוע a kind of rattle” under BDB 631b. Root“ = מנענעtremble, totter”.

musical instrument of percussion, cymbals” (with clashing sound) under“ = צלצליםBDB 852b. Root צלל I = “tingle, quiuver”.

(6:12)

.”Hiphil “declare, tell” under BDB 616b. Here Hophal so “was declared, told = נגד

עבור – בעבור (only in this form) = “for the sake of, in order that, on account of” under BDB 721a. There are several ways to express the basic idea of “so that, in order to” in Biblical Hebrew.

Heh. This is one of those occasions when the Qal and Hiphil stems look – ויעלexactly the same.

.”rejoice, be glad“ = שמח joy, gladness, mirth” under BDB 970b. Root" = שמחה

9האלהים

(6:13)

step, march” under BDB 857b. Arb ṣa“ = צעד ida⁽ “ascend”. Note form of infinitive construct with pronominal suffix. Not צעד but צעדך.

step, pace” under BDB 857b. Arb ṣa“ = צעד ida ⁽ = “ascend”.

.Akk zibû. Arb ḏabaḥa .זבח slaughter for sacrifice” under BDB 256b. Ph“ = זבחSab בחד . Arm דבח.

= III שור a head of cattle, bullock, ox, and so on" under BDB 1004a. Root" = שור“become raised, excited, leap, spring”.

.fatling, fatlings” under BDB 597a“ = מריא

9 “SeptuagintL, Latin93,94 add a few words”.

4

(6:14)

And now suddenly another short quiz on priestly terms.

a round, (hence) round district, round loaf, round weight, talent” under“ = ככרBDB 503a. Root כרר = “use circumlocution, return, move around”. Arm ככרא. Amarna gaggaru = kaspu (silver?). LOOK UP BDB

,Arb hajara “hinder .חגר gird, gird on, gird oneself” under BDB 291b. Arm“ = חגרrestrain”. Akk agāru “surround”. Sab מחגרת.

ephod” under BDB 65a. Which isn’t super helpful. Generally a garment“ = אפודworn by priests. Perhaps also? sometimes? a kind of breast-plate. Underwear? or is this like a dhoti?

I = “white linen” under BDB 94a. (Derivation unknown.) With qamets because בדin pause.

(6:15)

.shout or blast of war, alarm, or joy” under BDB 929b“ = תרועה

.horn (for blowing)” under BDB 1051b“ = שופר

10־בית

11יהוה

(6:16)

12והיה

.Hiphil “look down”, Niphal “look down upon” under BDB 1054b = שקף

be“ = בעד away from, behind, about, on behalf of" under BDB 126a. Root" = בעדremote, distant, change, different”. Arb ba du⁽ = “after” (of time).

10 “A few manuscripts, Syriac omit”.11 “Two manuscripts pr ברית compare Vulgate”.12 “Qumran ויהי, Septuagint και εγενετο compare 1 Chronicles 15:29”.

5

.”I = “bore, pierce חלל window" under BDB 319b. Root" = חלון

Interesting detail that she looks down from a window upon the procession. Tells us a little about architecture and how Jerusalem was laid out.

.II = “be supple, agile”, Pilpel (!) “show agility, leap” under BDB 808b. Rare פזזArb fazza = “be frightened, excited”. We do not see Pilpel stem very often.

.despise” under BDB 102a. Note waw-consecutive form“ = בזה

13בא עיר דוד

(6:17)

י Hiphil “set, place” under BDB 426b. For some reason this stem the 1st = יצגassimilates to second root letter. LaSor has a note just on this:

Some יצכ verbs (i.e. verbs beginning with יצ־) form a special class of יככ verbs. In this class yod is consonantal and assimilated as if it were a nun. Sometimes יצכ verbs are listed as נככ [1st נ] with confusion in lexical arrangement”. (Handbook of Biblical Hebrew, volume 2, section 29.34)

There are apparently six such יצכ verbs in Biblical Hebrew יצא is an exception.

with suffix. ‘uhl(u) אהל־ to אהל tent” under BDB 13b. Note the shift from“ = אהל> ‘uhl >’úhel > ‘óhel הל Important detail. The ark does not go into the temple .אwhich has not yet been built. It goes into the tent.

stretch out, spread out, extend, incline, bend” under BDB 639b. Akk naṭā“ = נטה(w) “stretch out”.

.whole burnt-offering” under BDB 750a“ = עלה

.sacrifice for alliance or friendship, ‘peace-offering’” under BDB 1023a“ = שלםNote typical plural for a segolate noun שלמים. Morphological note – Some Hebrew scholars believe segolate nouns take an “internal plural” usually a short a vowel after the second root letter. So *kalb(u) > כלב “dog” but plural *kalab+īm כלבים. Which is exactly what we see if we also apply short

13 “Syriac bbjth ddwjd”.

6

vowel rules. This may help explain irregular forms like עיר “city” but plural *ʿiyar-īm > ʿiarīm > ʿārīm ערים.

14במקומו

(6:18)

Piel “complete, bring to an end, finish” under BDB 477a, 478a. Note = כלהapocopation with waw-consecutive.

Hiphil infinitive construct. The infinitive עלה Pause to note form – מהעלותconstruct of 3rd ה verbs generally end with ־ות.

Interesting to note that not only does Yhwh bless but a human king can – ...ויברךbless.

(6:19)

.”Niphal “divide” under BDB 323b. Here Piel so “divide, distribute = חלק

.sound, murmur, roar, crowd, abundance” under BDB 242a“ = המון

I am a little surprised by the compound preposition here. Why – למאיש ועד־אשהnot simply 15?מאיש

= I חלל a kind of cake” (probably as perforated) under BDB 319b. Root“ = חלה“bore, pierce”.

cake or roll” under BDB 80b. Very rare. Actual etymology and meaning“ = אשפרunknown.16

,found“ = אשש (?) raisin-cake” under BDB 84a. Root“ (pressed) = אשישהestablish”.

This is worth noting. Sacrifices are not all or even mostly consumed by fire. The priests and/or worshipers share the food and drink. For the most part sacrifices are part of a ritual meal.14 “Syriac omits”.15 “A few manuscripts מ־ compare TargumBuxt”.16 “A few manuscriptsG ־פר”.

7

(6:20)

17לברך

under BDB 896b. That (קרה apparently a form of) ”II “encounter, befall = קרא in this text does it indicate anything about the dialect in קרא appears as קרהwhich the story is composed?

= כבדת be heavy, weighty, burdensome, honored” under BDB 457a. Ph“ = כבדPNf “honoured one”. Akk kabādu = “grow or be heavy”. Arb kabada = “struggle with difficulties”. Zinj כבדו = “honour”. Sab כבודת = “gifts of honour”.

uncover, remove”, Niphal “discover or show oneself, be uncovered, be“ = גלהremoved, disclose, make known” under BDB 162b. Arb jalā “be or become clear, uncovered; display, reveal, declare; go forth, emigrate”. Arm גלא.

in אמת Arb ʾammatu(n). Sab .אמת maid, handmaid” under BDB 51a. Ph“ = אמהPN. Akk amtu. The plural form is interesting! The 3rd ה is? is not? part of the noun itself.

emptily, vainly” under BDB 938b.18“ = ריקם

A little awkward. Something like “like the uncovering (of) one – כהגלות נגלות אחד(who is) uncovered”.

19־ביתו

20ותאמר

17 “SyriacAC lm zl⁾ , SyriacB lm t⁾ ⁾”.18 “Septuagint των ορχουμενων compare Latin93,94 (unus de) saltatoribus, Vulgate (unus de) curris”.19 “A few manuscripts interv”.20 “One manuscript adds אליו”.