SOURCE BOOK FOR LINGUISTICS

96. German: [γ] and [g]

Consider the sounds [γ] and [g] and determine whether they are allophones

of the same phoneme or represent two different phonemes. If allophones,

state the complementary distribution; if phonemes, state the contrast.

1. va:γ�n car 11. zi:g�n to conquer

2. ta:γ� days 12. bεrg� mountains

3. na:γ�n to nibble 13. fo:glai�n bird

4. tau�γ�nicts idler 14. mo:g�n to be able

5. fu:γ�n to fit together 15. re:g�n rain

6. au�γ�n eyes 16. gI��n went

7. gεflo:γ�n flown 17. ga�gεs Ganges

8. bo:γ�n arch 18. U�garn Hungary

9. zoγ�n to crystallize 19. zIgna:l signal

10. i�a:γ�n to hunt 20. gr�k grog

97. Serbo-Croatian: [c�] and [c]

Consider the sounds [c�] and [c] and determine whether they are two al-

lophones of the same phoneme or represent two different phonemes. If

allophones, state the complementary distribution; if phonemes, state the

contrast. ([c�] is an apico-dental palatalizated fricative.)

1. bacac thrower 11. kuc�a house

2. cega what (gen) 12. dac�a tax

3. cai� tea 13. c�ac�a daddy

4. rucak lunch 14. cekic� hammer

5. casa glass 15. c�ebe blanket

6. covek man 16. c�ef caprice

7. clanak article 17. c�ipta merchant

8. navecer evening 18. srec�om fortunately

9. cim as soon as 19. c�orda sable

10. corba soap 20. c�urka turkey

98. Turkish: [r] and [r�]Consider the sounds [r] and [r�] and determine whether they are allophones

of the same phoneme or represent two separate phonemes. If allophones,

state the complementary distribution; if phonemes, state the contrast.

1. rija request 4. tras shave

2. curuk spoiled 5. kIbrIt match

3. surmek to rub on 6. bir� one

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STRUCTURAL PHONOLOGY

7. demir� iron 9. hazir� ready

8. mudur� director 10. buhar� steam

99. Korean: [l] and [r]

Consider the sounds [l] and [r] and determine whether they are allophones

of the same phoneme or represent two separate phonemes. If allophones,

state the commplementary distribution; if phonemes, state the contrast.

1. tal moon 6. kirim picture

2. talda sweet 7. ke:ri distance

3. �lmana how much 8. norai� song

4. sul wine 9. irure reaches

5. solhu�a legend 10. saram person

100. Lebanese Arabic: [i] and [I]

Consider the sounds [i] and [I] and determine whether they are allophones

of the same phoneme or represent two different phonemes. If allophones,

state the commplementary distribution; if phonemes, state the contrast.

1. btæ:kli you eat 6. �Intu you (pl)

2. kUrsi chair 7. bInt girl

3. �Inti you (sing) 8. mItIl like

4. ma�i with me 9. �Ili to me

5. fi there is 10. bI�i he stayed

101. Turkish: [i] and [I]

Consider the sounds [i] and [I] and determine whether they are allophones

of the same phoneme or represent two different phonemes. If allophones,

state the complementary distribution; if phonemes, state the contrast.

1. bilet ticket 8. kIbrIt match

2. kira rent 9. Iste here

3. kitap book 10. bIr one

4. sinema movies 11. hanI you know

5. sahife page 12. taksI taxi

6. benIm mine 13. efendI master

7. dIl tongue 14. evlI married

102. Polish: [�] and [z]

Consider the sounds [�] and [z] and determine whether they are allophones

of the same phoneme or represent two different phonemes. If allophones,

state the complementary distribution; if phonemes, state the contrast.

25

SOURCE BOOK FOR LINGUISTICS

1. odra�acy to advise 11. zegarek watch

2. sa�a soot 12. kazac to command

3. no�e foot (dat) 13. i�ezik language

4. �ban jug 14. zvani called

5. ka�enye flattery 15. zator ice

6. �von bell 16. zvolacy to call

7. bar�o very 17. groza threat

8. dovo�icy to justify 18. łza tear

9. vi�ovye audience 19. egzamin exam

10. vo�e reins 20. dovozicy to deliver

103. Spanish: [e] and [ε]

Consider the sounds [e] and [ε] and determine whether they are allophones

of the same phoneme or represent two different phonemes. If allophones,

state the complementary distribution; if phonemes, state the contrast.

1. pero but 8. ti�εra land

2. be�go I come 9. i�εro iron

3. kompre I bought 10. θεro peak

4. peco chest 11. lεxos far

5. si�empre always 12. orεxa ear

6. pεro dog 13. εxe axle

7. gεra war 14. dεxo I leave

104. Slovak: [l] and [ly]

Consider the sounds [l] and [ly] and determine whether they are allophones

of the same phoneme or represent two different phonemes. If allophones,

state the complementary distribution; if phonemes, state the contrast.

1. lak varnish 11. lyahnu:ty to lie down

2. otstrel blast 12. polyka Polish woman

3. lavica bench 13. zemlya bun

4. uholni: basic 14. lyak scare

5. mul mule 15. lyu:bity to love

6. za:pal inflamation 16. klyu:c key

7. polka polka 17. velya very

8. posol messenger 18. hlyadaty to seek

9. lu:ka meadow 19. polye field

10. liko fiber 20. strelyba shooting

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