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pkvX

Iw

20

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w 10

Oct

ober

202

0

B-i-¦-bp-sS \n-g-enÂ

40/-

sXm-gnÂ k-l-I-c-Ww Ir-jn

\n-b-a-§Ä am-dp-t¼mÄ..hn-Uv Im-e-̄ v ]mÀ-e-saâv Xn-c-¡n-«v ]m-km-¡n-b-Xv A-Sn-Øm-\ ta-J-e-I-fnÂ Im-X-em-b am-ä-ap-ïm-¡p-¶ _n-Ãp-I-fm-Wv. ImÀ-jn-I _n-Ãn-s\-s¨m-Ãn-bp-Å _-l-fw cm-Py-sa-§pw A-e-b-Sn-¡p-¶p. tI-c-f-apÄ-s -̧sS Nn-e kw-Øm-\-§Ä _n-Ãn-s\-Xn-sc tIm-S-Xn-sb k-ao-]n-¨n-«p-ap-ïv. \mÂ-¸-¯n-\m-ev sXm-gnÂ \n-b-a-§-sf \m-ev tIm-Up-I-fn-em-bn kw-tbm-Pn-¸n-¨p sIm-ïp-Å te-_À tIm-Um-Wv a-säm-¶v. _n Fw F-kv DÄ-s¸-sS-bp-Å t{S-Up bq-Wn-b-I-sf-Ãmw i-à-am-bn _n-Ãn-s\ F-XnÀ-¡p-¶p-ïv. sXm-gn-ep-S-a-I-fm-I-s« ̀ m-Kn-I-am-bn Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿p-¶p. km-[m-c-W-¡m-cp-sS-bpw IÀ-j-I-cp-sS-bp-sa-Ãmw B-izm-k-hpw A-̄ m-Wn-bp-am-Wv tI-c-f-̄ n-se k-l-I-c-W {]-Øm-\w. _m-¦v F-¶ hm-¡p-]-tbm-Kn-¡m³ kÀ-Æo-kv k-l-I-c-W kw-L-§Ä-¡v-- GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶ \n-b-{´-W-§Ä C-h-sb _m-[n-¡p-tam F-¶ B-i-¦ i-à-am-Wv. C-¡m-cy-§-fnÂ tI-c-fw F-§-s\ Nn-´n-¡p-¶p F-¶-Xm-Wv Cu e-¡w _n-kn-\-kv \yq-kv NÀ-¨ sN-¿p-¶-Xv.

tIm---

1020

Chief editor S.V. Iyer

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Haridas M K

Sr. consultant (marketing) Anil panikkar

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Sunilkumar P SChief Manager

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Office administration

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2020

C-t¸mÄ ta-i-¸p-d-¯pw sam-ss_Â t^m-Wn-epw

D-Ãm-kw Un-Pn-ä-em-¡mwDu-tWm?

RNI Reg No - KERMAL 34088

20 hÀ-j-s¯ hn-izm-ky-X

_nkn\kv \yqkv October 2020 5

11

2420 44

13 16

06]p-Xn-b sXm-gnÂ tIm-UvX«pw Xtem-Sepw

_m-¦nw-§v \n-b-{´-W \n-b-a-t`-Z-K-Xnk-l-I-c-W _m-¦p-IÄ B-i-¦bn--Â

IÀ-j-IÀ F-´n-\v {]-Xn-tj-[n-¡p-¶p?

kw-cw-`w Xp-S-§pw ap-¼vhn-P-b km-[y-X hn-e-bn-cp-¯p-I

kw-cw-`-I-Xz-¯n-te-¡p-Å]-Xn-\m-dv ]-S-hp-IÄ

ZoÀ-L-Im-e _n-kn-\-kn-\m-bn H-cp A-Sn-¯-d

hn]Wnbdnªp \nt£]n¨mÂHmlcnbnÂ em`w Dd¸v

-Py-s¯ sXm-gnÂ N-«-§Ä ]m-sS ]-cn-jv-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bm-Wv. I-gn-ª Zn-h-k-§-fnÂ ]mÀ-e-sa³-dv i-Ð-thm-t«m-sS aq-¶p tIm-Up-I-fm-Wv ]m-km-¡n-b-Xv. ap³ hÀ-jw ]m-km-¡n-b tIm-Uv Hm¬ th-P-kv Ip-Sn DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bmÂ \m-ep ]p-Xn-b N-«-§Ä. t\-c-s¯-bp-ïm-bn-cp-¶ 44 N-«-§-fpw Cu \m-ep-tIm-Up-I-fn-em-bn H-Xp-§p-t¼mÄ sXm-gnÂ N-«-§Ä Iq-Sp-XÂ e-fn-X-hpw kp-Xm-cy-hp-am-bn am-dp-¶p F-¶-Xm-Wv G-ä-hpw h-en-b t\-«w. C-´y-sb D-ev-]m-Z-\-ta-J-e-bnÂ ap-t¶m-«p \-bn-t¡-ï-Xn-sâ A-\n-hm-cy-X G-ä-hpw i-à-am-bn {]-Xn-^-en-¡p-¶ Im-e-am-Wn-Xv. tIm-hn-Uv-þ 19 Dw tem-Iv Uu-Wpw D-ïm-¡n-b {]-iv-\-§Ä H-cn-S-s¯-¦nÂ A-bÂ cm-Py-am-b ssN-\ kr-ãn-¡p-¶ X-e-th-Z-\ a-dp-`m-K-¯v. ssN-\-bnÂ \n-¶p-Å D-ev-]-¶-§-sf A-f-h-äm-{i-bn-¡p-¶ \n-e am-d-Ww. A-Xn-\v \-ap-¡p th-ïn-bpw a-äp cm-Py-§Ä-¡p th-ïn-bpw D-ev-]m-Zn-̧ n-¡p-¶ cm-Py-am-bn am-dm³ i-à-am-b am-ä-§Ä Iq-Sn-sb I-gn-bq.

]p-Xn-b sXm-gnÂ N-«-§-sf A-\p-Iq-en-̈ pw {]-Xn-Iq-en-̈ pw hn-Z-Kv-²-cp-sS A-̀ n-{]m-b-§Ä h-cp-¶p-ïv. B-Zyw C-Xn-se Nn-e hy-h-Ø-IÄ ]-cn-tim-[n-¡mw.

sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡v Iq-Sp-XÂ kp-c-£

sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡v Iq-Sp-XÂ kp-c-£ D-d-¸m-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv ]p-Xn-b N-«w. tIm-Uv \-S-¸m-¡p-¶-XnÂ A-ew-`m-hw Im-«p-¶-hÀ-¡v I-Sp-¯ in-£-bm-Wv hy-h-Ø sN-¿p-¶-Xv. {]-Xn-Zn-\ ]n-g-ap-XÂ X-S-hp-in-£ h-sc DÄ-s -̧Sp-¶p-sh-¶-Xv sXm-gn-ep-S-a-I-fp-sS D-̄ -c-hm-Zn-Xzw hÀ-²n-̧ n-¡p-¶p. H-tc Ip-äw B-hÀ-̄ n-̈ mÂ þ {]-tXy-In-̈ pw A-]-I-S km-[y-X-bp-Å sXm-gnÂ ta-J-e-I-fnÂ þ sXm-gn-ep-S-a-b-¡v 5 e-£w cq-] h-sc ]n-g-bpw c-ïp hÀ-jw h-sc ITn-\ X-S-hn-\pw hy-h-Ø sN-¿p-¶p-ïv. H-cp X-h-W in-£n-¡-s¸-«n-«pw A-tX Ip-äw B-hÀ-¯n-¨mÂ {]-Xn-Zn-\w 25000 cq-] h-sc ]n-g-in-£-bp-ap-ïv. Cu-Sm-¡p-¶ ]n-g-bp-sS \n-Ýn-X i-X-am-\w C-c-bm-b sXm-gn-em-fn-t¡m A-h-cp-sS Ip-Spw-_-̄ n-t\m e-̀ y-am-¡p-¶p F-¶-Xpw {i-t²-b-am-Wv. A-tX k-a-bw sXm-gn-

]p-Xn-b sXm-gnÂ tIm-UvX«pw Xtem-Sepw

cm-_n-kn-\-kv \yq-kv _yq-tdm


COVE

R ST

ORY

-1


em-fn-bp-sS `m-K-¯p-\n-¶m-Wv ho-gv-N-sb-¦nÂ 10000 cq-]-bm-Wv G-ä-hpw Iq-Sn-b ]n-g-in-£.

]-cm-Xn-I-fnÂ ]-cn-lm-cw ssh-Ipw

sXm-gnÂ-¡p-ä-§Ä-¡v I-Sp-¯ in-£-bm-Wv sXm-gn-ep-S-a-IÄ-¡v hy-h-Ø sN-bv-Xn-«p-Å-sX-¦n-epw hn-[n \nÀ-®-bw \o-ïp t]m-Im-\p-Å ]-gp-Xp-I-fpw N-«-̄ n-ep-ïv. Ip-äw {i-²-bnÂ-s -̧«mÂ D-S³ \-S-]-Sn-sb-¶-Xn-\p-Å km-[y-X-IÄ ]p-Xp-N-«w C-Ãm-Xm-¡p-¶p. Øm-]-\-̄ nÂ ]-cn-tim-[-\ \-S-̄ m³ s -̂kn-en-tä-äÀ-¡m-bn-cn-¡pw A-[n-Im-cw. Øm-]-\-§-fnÂ ]-cn-tim-[-\ \-S-¯m-s\-¯p-¶ C³-kv-s]-ÎÀ-amÀ C-\n Cu t]-cpw tNÀ-¯m-Wv (C³-kv-s]-ÎÀ Iw s^-kn-en-tä-äÀ) A-dn-b-s¸-Sp-I. Ip-ä-Ir-Xyw {i-²-bnÂ-s -̧«v B-dp-am-k-̄ n-\-Iw C-hÀ \Â-Ip-¶ ]-cm-Xn-bn³-taÂ am-{X-sa \-S-]-Sn-bp-ïm-hq. A-Xm-b-Xv Ip-ä-Ir-Xyw {i-²-bnÂ-s -̧«m-epw B-dp am-k-̄ n-\-Iw s^-kn-en-tä-äÀ ]-cn-tim-[n-¨p ]-cm-Xn \Â-In-bn-sÃ-¦nÂ \-S-]-Sn ZoÀ-L-Im-e-t¯-¡v \n-b-a-¡p-cp-¡n-te-¡v \o-§n-tb-¡pw. XnÀ-¶n-Ã {]-iv-\w. tI-«-dn-sª-t¶m I-ï-dn-sª-t¶m H-s¡-¸-d-ªv Øm-]-\-¯nÂ I-b-dn-s¨-¶v ]-cn-tim-[-\ \-S-¯m³ s^-kn-en-tä-äÀ-¡v A-[n-Im-cw C-Ã. kÀ-¡mÀ \nÀ-t±-in-¡p-¶ þ A-Xm-b-Xv kÀ-¡mÀ \n-b-{´-W-¯n-ep-Å sh-_v t]mÀ-«-ep-IÄ \nÀ-t±-in-¡p-¶ þ-Øm-]-\-§-fnÂ am-{Xw ]-cn-tim-[-\ \-S-¯n-bmÂ a-Xn-bm-Ipw. F-¶mÂ A-km-[m-c-W L-«-§-fnÂ Cu \n-_-Ô-\ _m-[-I-a-Ã-Xm-\pw.

sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡v A-\p-Iq-ew

Øm-]-\w, sXm-gn-em-fn, sXm-gn-ep-S-a, th-X-\w Xp-S-§n-b hm-¡p-I-fn-sem-¶pw H-cm-i-¦-bv-¡pw k-¦oÀ-®-X-IÄ-¡pw Im-c-W-am-Im-̄ N-«-§-fnÂ ]-e-Xpw sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡v Kp-Ww sN-¿p-¶-Xm-Wv. sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡p-f-f B-\p-Iq-ey-§-fn-sem-¶pw ]p-Xn-b N-«-§Ä Im-cy-am-bn I-̄ n sh-̈ n-«n-sÃ-¶p am-{X-am-{X-a-Ã, ]-e-Xpw Iq-«n-t¨À-̄ n-«p-ap-ïv. ]-e kp-{]-[m-\ hy-h-Ø-I-fpw d-±m-¡-s¸-Sp-sa-¦n-epw A-h sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡v \Â-In-bn-cp-¶ ]-cn-c-£-I-fpw B-\p-Iq-ey-§-fpw ]p-Xn-b N-«-§Ä {]-Im-c-hpw D-d-¸m-¡n-bn-«p-ïv. C ]n F-^v, C F-kv sF Xp-S-§n-b B-\p-Iq-ey-§Ä Iq-Sp-XÂ sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fn-te-s¡-¯m³ h-gn-sbm-cp-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv ]p-Xn-b N-«-§Ä. am-{X-a-Ã, \n-e-hn-ep-Å N-«-a-\p-k-cn-

v̈ 250 sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-Å ̂ m-Î-dn-IÄ-¡p am-{X-am-Wv Im³-do³ ku-I-cyw \n-jv-IÀ-jn-̈ n-«p-Å-Xv. F-¶mÂ ]p-Xn-b N-«-a-\p-k-cn-̈ v I-cmÀ sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpÄ-s -̧sS 100 t]-sc-¦n-epw tPm-en sN-¿p-¶ ̂ m-Î-dn-I-fnÂ Im³-do³ ku-I-cyw \nÀ-_-Ô-am-¡n-bn-«p-ïv. th-X-\-¯n-sâ hym-Jym-\-¯nÂ \n-¶v I-½o-j-\pw bm-{Xm-_-¯-bpw ho-«p-hm-S-I-bp-sam-s¡ H-gn-hm-¡m-bn-«p-ïv. C-Xp h-gn C ]n F-^v, C F-kv sF \n-b-a-{]-Im-cw sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ \Â-tI-ï-ï tIm¬-{Sn-_yq-j-\nÂ Ip-d-hv h-cp-¶-Xn-\mÂ I-¿n-se-̄ p-¶ ]-W-¯n-sâ A-f-hv hÀ-²n-¡pw. 50 Â G-sd XmÂ-¡m-en-I sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ

]-Wn-sb-Sp-¡p-¶ Øm-]-\-am-sW-¦nÂ t]m-epw A-hÀ-¡m-h-iy-am-b A-Sn-Øm-\ ku-I-cy-§-sfm-cp-¡m³ sXm-gn-ep-S-a _m-[y-Ø-\m-hpw. C-X-\p-k-cn-̈ v G-ä-hpw Ip-d-ª-Xv Imâo³, Ip-Sn-sh-Åw, C-cn-̧ n-Sw, {]-Y-a ip-{iq-j-bv-¡p-Å ku-I-cyw F-¶n-h H-cp-t¡-ï-Xv sXm-gn-ep-S-a-bm-Wv. am-{X-a-Ã, sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS k-½-X-an-Ãm-sX, \nÀ-_-Ôn-¨v Hm-hÀ-ssSw tPm-en sN-¿n-¡p-¶-Xv Ip-ä-I-c-hp-am-¡n-bn-«p-ïv. sXm-gn-em-fn-bnÂ \n-¶v ap³-Iq-dm-bn k-½-Xw F-gp-Xn hm-§n-b-Xn-\p ti-jw am-{X-ta Hm-hÀ-ssSw tPm-en-¡p \n-tbm-Kn-¡m-\m-hq. A-¼-Xn-te-sd tPm-en-¡m-cp-Å Øm-]-\-§-fnÂ Po-h-\-¡mÀ-¡v `-£-W-¯n-\pw hn-{i-a-¯n-\pw ap-dn-sbm-cp-¡-Ww. C-Xv ]p-cp-j³-amÀ-¡pw kv-{Xo-IÄ-¡pw {Sm³-kv-sPâÀ-amÀ-¡pw sh-tÆ-sd X-s¶-bm-bn-cn-¡-W-sa-¶pw hy-h-Ø-bp-ïv. ]p-Xn-b tIm-U-\p-k-cn-¨v C-cp-]-Xp tPm-en-¡m-cp-Å F-Ãm Øm-]-\-§Ä-¡pw C ]n F-̂ v \n-b-aw _m-[-I-am-¡n-bn-«p-Å-Xpw sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡v Kp-W-am-Ipw.

tZm-j-§Ä F-s´-Ãmw?

sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡-\p-Iq-e-am-b H-t«-sd Im-cy-§Ä ]p-Xn-b N-«-§-fn-ep-sï-¦n-epw A-h-cp-sS A-h-Im-i-§Ä l-\n-¡p-¶ Nn-e hy-h-Ø-I-fpw C-Xn-ep-ïv. C-XnÂ G-ä-hpw {]-[m-\w sXm-gnÂ Øn-c-X-bv-¡p-Å `o-j-Wn X-s¶-bm-Wv. hy-h-km-b N-«w {]m-_-ey-¯nÂ h-cp-¶-tXm-sS t{S-Uv bq-Wn-b³ B-Îv (1926), Ìmânw-Kv HmÀ-tU-gv-kv B-Îv (1946), Câ-kv-{Sn-bÂ Un-kv-]yq-«v B-Îv (1947) F-¶n-h C-Ãm-Xm-hpw. C-Xv Kp-cp-X-c-am-b {]-Xym-Lm-X-§Ä-¡v h-gn-sh-bv-¡p-sa-¶ B-i-¦-bm-Wv ]-e tI-{µ-§-fpw D-bÀ-¯p-¶-Xv. \n-e-hn-ep-Å N-«-§Ä {]-Im-cw \q-tdm A-XnÂ Iq-Sp-X-tem B-fp-IÄ tPm-en sN-¿p-¶- ¹m-tâ-j³, J-\n-IÄ, ̂ m-Î-dn-IÄ F-¶n-hn-S-§-fnÂ \n-¶v sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf Iq-«-am-bn ]n-cn-¨p-hn-Sp--I-tbm A-S-¨p ]q-«p-I-tbm te Hm-̂ v sN-¿p-I-tbm sN-¿-W-sa-¦nÂ A-Xn-\v ap³-Iq-«n kÀ-¡m-dn-sâ A-\p-a-Xn hm-t§-ï-Xp-ïv. ]p-Xn-b N-«w C-Xv \q-tdm A-XnÂ A-[n-I-tam sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ F-¶-Xv am-än ap-¶q-tdm A-XnÂ A-[n-I-tam sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ F-¶m-Wv hy-h-Ø sN-bv-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. A-S-¨p ]q-«Â, te Hm-^v F-¶o `o-j-Wn-IÄ sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ-¡p-taÂ {]-tbm-Kn-¨v


A-h-sc h-cp-Xn-¡p \nÀ-¯m-\pw h-g-§m-¯-h-sc \n-Êm-c Im-c-W-§Ä Np-a-¯n Iq-«-t¯m-sS ]n-cn-¨p-hn-Sm-\pw sXm-gn-ep-S-a-¡v A-h-k-cw \Â-Ip-sa-¶ B-tcm-]-W-§Ä A-Øm-\-¯-Ã. a-säm-¶v A-h-Im-i-§Ä-¡p th-ïn F-t¸mÄ th-W-sa-¦n-epw k-a-cw sN-¿m-\m-hn-Ã F-¶-Xm-Wv. ]p-Xn-b N-«-§Ä {]-Im-cw k-a-cw sN-¿-W-sa-¦nÂ 14 Zn-h-kw ap³-s]-¦n-epw sXm-gn-ep-S-a-bv-¡v C-Xp-kw-_-Ôn-̈ t\m-«o-kv \Â-In-bn-cn-¡-W-sa-¶v hy-h-Ø-bp-ïv. A-h-iy kÀ-ho-kv ta-J-e-bn-ep-Å sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡p am-{X-ta 14 Zn-h-k-s¯ t\m-«o-kv F-¶ B-\p-Ip-ey-ap-Åp Xm-\pw. Iq-« A-h-[n-sb-Sp-¯p {]-Xn-tj-[n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-Å km-l-N-cy-hpw ]p-Xn-b N-«-{]m-cw sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡p \-ã-am-Ipw. C-¯-c-¯nÂ \-S-¯p-¶ {]-Xn-tj-[-§-sf k-a-c-am-bn I-W-¡m-sa-¶v N-«w hy-h-Ø sN-¿p-¶p. NÀ-¨-bpw k-a-c-hpw F-¶ ]-g-b-co-Xn-bv-¡pw ]p-Xn-b N-«w ]m-c-bm-Ipw. XÀ-¡ ]-cn-lm-c-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s -̧« Hm-̂ o-k-dp-am-bn NÀ-̈ \-S-¶p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ k-a-cw sN-¿p-¶-Xn-s\ N-«w hn-e-¡p-¶p-ïv. XÀ-¡ ]-cn-lm-c Hm-̂ o-kÀ-amÀ-¡v Iq-Sp-XÂ A-[n-Im-c-§Ä \Â-In-bn-«p-f-f-Xn-\mÂ ]n-¶o-Sv C-Xp kw-_-Ôn-̈ \n-b-a \-S-]-Sn-IÄ Ip-d-bm³ km-[y-X-bp-sï-¶-Xm-Wv B-izm-kw.

sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS A-h-Im-i-§-sf ]m-sS A-h-K-Wn-¨v A-h-sc tImÀ-¸-td-äv XmÂ-¸-cy-§Ä-¡v A-Sn-b-d sh-¡p-I-bm-Wv tI-{µ kÀ-¡mÀ. \n-e-hn-ep-Å 44 \n-b-a-§-sf Iq-«n-¡p-g-̈ v \m-ev te-_À tIm-Up-I-fm-¡n am-än-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. te-_À tIm-Uv \n-b-a-a-Ã, A-Xv ssK-Uv sse³ am-{X-am-Wv. sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS {]m-Y-an-I-am-b A-h-Im-i-§Ä t]m-epw am-t\-Pv-saân-\v Xo-sd-gp-Xn-s¡m-ïp-Å hy-h-Ø-IÄ P-h-lÀ-emÂ s\-{lp-hn-sâ Im-ew ap-XÂ D-cp-¯n-cn-ªp h-¶ sXm-gn-em-fn kzm-X-{ý-¯n-\v A-ýw Ip-dn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. ap-¶q-dnÂ Xm-sg B-fp-IÄ tPm-en sN-¿p-¶ G-Xp Øm-]-\-hpw kÀ-¡m-dn-sâ A-\p-a-Xn-bn-Ãm-sX A-S-̈ p ]q-«p-I-tbm, sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf Iq-«-am-bn ]n-cn-¨p-hn-Sp-I-tbm, te Hm-̂ v {]-Jym-]n-¡p-I-tbm sN-¿m-\m-hpw. cm-Py-s¯ 70 i-X-am-\w sXm-gnÂ Øm-]-\-§-fpw Cu ]-cn-[n-¡p-Ån-em-Wv h-cn-I. Cu-kv Hm-̂ v Uq-bn-§n-\m-bn \n-t£-]-̄ n-\v am-{Xw {]-[m-\y-ap-Å A-́ -co-£w kr-jv-Sn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. cm-Py-s¯ F-Ãm sXm-gnÂ ta-J-e-I-fn-epw kv-{Xo sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fm-W-[n-Iw. tZ-io-b sXm-gn-ep-d-¸p ]-²-Xn-bn-epw a-äpw 95 i-X-am-\w h-sc kv-{Xo sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fm-Wv. kv-{Xo-I-sf cm-{Xn 7 a-Wn ap-XÂ cm-hn-se 6 a-Wn h-sc-bp-Å cm-{Xn jn-^v-änÂ tPm-en sN-¿n-¡m-sa-¶v hy-h-Ø sN-¿p-t¼mÄ A-h-cp-sS kp-c-£m kw-hn-[m-\-§-sf-¡p-dn-t¨m bm-{Xm ku-I-cy-§-sf-¡p-dn-t¨m H-¶pw

]-d-bp-¶n-Ã. A-Xn-Yn sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ F-¶p \mw hn-fn-¡p-¶ A-\y-kw-Øm-\ sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS {]-iv-\-§-sfm-¶pw ]p-Xn-b te-_À tIm-UnÂ ]-cm-aÀ-i-an-Ã. cm-Py-s¯m-«m-sI H-cp an-\n-aw th-X-\w \-S-¸m-¡-W-sa-¶v sF F³ Sn bp kn t\-c-s¯ X-s¶ B-h-iy-s¸-«n-«p-ïv. A-\y-kw-Øm-\-§-fn-te-¡v sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ Iq-Sp-XÂ th-X-\w {]-Xo-£n-¨v Iq-«-t¯m-sS ]-em-b-\w sN-¿p-¶-XpÄ-s¸-sS-bp-Å {]-iv-\-§Ä-¡v C-Xv ]-cn-lm-c-am-Ipw. F-¶mÂ C-Xn-\p ]-I-cw A-h-sc Iq-Sp-XÂ {]-iv-\-§-fn-te-¡v \-bn-¡p-I-bm-Wv tI-{µ kÀ-¡mÀ.

i-à-am-bn F-XnÀ-¡p-¶p. \n-e-hnÂ D-ïm-bn-cp-¶ sXm-gnÂ \n-b-a-§-sf-bpw sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS A-h-Im-i-§-sf-bpw C-Ãm-bv-a sN-¿p-¶-Xm-Wv ]p-Xn-b te-_À tIm-Uv. I-gn-ª ]mÀ-e-saâv te-_À Ìmânw-Kv I-½-än-bp-sS kv-{Iq-«-Wn-¡p t]m-epw hn-Sm-sX-bm-Wv tIm-Uv Hm¬ th-P-kv ]m-km-¡n-b-Xv. te-_À Ìmânw-Kv I-½n-än \nÀ-t±-in-¨ kp-{]-[m-\ am-ä-§Ä t]m-epw Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡m-sX Cu ]mÀ-e-sa³-dv a-äv aq-¶p tIm-Up-I-fm-b tkm-jyÂ sk-Iyq-cn-än tIm-Uv, C³-U-kv-{Sn-bÂ dn-te-j³-kv tIm-Uv, H-¡p-t]-j³ tk-^v-än tIm-Uv F-¶n-h-bpw ]m-km-¡n. C-h-sb-Ãmw sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS \n-e-hn-ep-Å A-h-Im-i-§-sf C-Ãm-bv-a sN-¿p-¶-Xm-Wv. \n-e-hn-ep-ïm-bn-cp-¶ ̂ m-Î-do-kv B-Îv A-\p-k-cn-̈ v ssh-Zyp-Xn D-]-tbm-Kn-¨p tPm-en sN-¿p-¶ 10 sXm-gn-em-fn-I-tfm ssh-Zyp-Xn D-]-tbm-Kn-¡m-sX tPm-en sN-¿p-¶ 20 sXm-gn-em-fn-I-tfm D-Å Øm-]-\-§Ä ^m-Î-dn F-¶ \nÀ-Æ-N-\-̄ nÂ h-cp-¶-h-bm-bn-cp-¶p.]p-Xn-b te-_À tIm-U-\p-k-cn-¨v ssh-Zyp-Xn D-]-tbm-Kn-¨p tPm-en sN-¿p-¶ C-cp-]-tXm ssh-Zyp-Xn D-]-tbm-Kn-¡m-sX tPm-en sN-¿p-¶ \m-ev-]-tXm sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-Å Øm-]-\-§Ä am-{X-ta ^m-Î-dn F-¶ \nÀ-h-N-\-¯nÂ h-cq. a-lm-`q-cn-]-£w sN-dp-In-S-þ C-S-¯-cw hy-h-km-b-§-fpw C-Xp-aq-ew ^m-Î-dn F-¶ \nÀ-h-N-\-¯n-\p ]p-d-¯m-Ipw. km-t¦-Xn-I hn-Zy G-sd hn-I-kn-¨n-«p-Å km-l-N-cy-¯nÂ Ip-d-ª sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf sh-¨v B-[p-\n-I b-{´ ku-I-cy-§-fp-]-tbm-Kn-¨v Iq-Sp-XÂ tS-tWm-h-dp-ïm-¡m³ Cu I-¼-\n-IÄ-¡m-hpw. C-¯-cw km-l-N-cy-¯nÂ an-\n-aw th-X-\-apÄ-s -̧sS-bp-Å B-\p-Iq-ey-§-fnÂ \n-¶v C-h-bn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ ]p-d-¯m-hpw. 2016þ17 Im-e-s¯ C-ý³ Câ-kv-{Sn-I-sf kw-_-Ôn-¨ B-\p-hÂ kÀ-sÆ-bnÂ 5 i-X-am-\w am-{X-am-Wv D-Å-Xv. _m-¡n-sb-Ãmw Cu ]-cn-[n-bn-em-Wv. A-Xv C-Ãm-Xm-¡p-I-bm-Wv te-_À tIm-Uv. C-\n 300 sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fnÂ Ip-d-hp-Å Øm-]-\-§Ä ]q-«m-\pw sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf ]n-cn-¨p-hn-Sm-\pw H-cp A-

sI. N-{µ-ti-J-c³kw-Øm-\ {]-kn-Uâv sF F³ Sn bp kn

C-f-a-cw I-cow -Fw ]nkw-Øm-\ P-\-dÂ sk-{I-«-dnkn sF Sn bp

sXmgnemfn kzmX{ý¯n\v Aýw Ipdn¡pw

^n-I-v-k-Uv tSw Fw-t¹m-bo-kv \n-b-a-\w kmÀ-Æ-{Xn-I-am-Ipw


\p-a-Xn-bpw th-ï. ^n-I-v-k-Uv tSw Fw-t¹m-bo-kv \n-b-a-\w kmÀ-h-{Xn-I-am-Ip-¶-tXm-sS sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡v t{S-Up-bq-Wn-b-\p-I-fnÂ tN-cm-t\m A-h-Im-i-§Ä tNm-Zn-¡m-t\m I-gn-bn-Ã. I-cmÀ Im-em-h-[n I-gn-bp-¶-tXm-sS C-h-sc-Ãmw H-cm-\p-Iq-ey-¯n-\pw AÀ-l-c-Ãm-sX ]p-d-́ -Å-s -̧Spw. te-_À C³-kv-s]-ÎÀ ]-Z-hn C³-kv-s]-ÎÀ Iw s^-kn-en-tä-äÀ B-bn am-dp-¶-tXm-sS C³-kv-s]-£³ C-Ãm-Xm-hp-I-bpw sXm-gnÂ \n-b-aw \-S-¸m-¡m-\p-Å km-l-N-cy-§Ä Ip-d-bp-I-bpw sN-¿pw. C³-dÀ-\m-j-\Â te-_À HmÀ-K-ss\-tk-j³ (ILO) \n-tcm-[n-¨-Xpw C-ý-bnÂ \n-e-hn-ep-Å-Xp-am-b _m-e-th-e \n-tcm-[-\w C-Ãm-Xm-¡n {]m-b-]qÀ-̄ n-bm-Im-̄ -h-sc tPm-en sN-¿n-¡m-\p-ap-Å ]-gp-Xv kr-ãn-¨n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv Cu tIm-Up-I-fn-eq-sS tI-{µ-kÀ-¡mÀ.

-̀K-Xvkn-Mv, hn.sI.Z-̄ p-am-bn tNÀ-¶v 1929 G-{]nÂ 9 \v em-tlm-dn-se {_o-«n-jv e-Pn-tÉ-äo-hv A-kw-»n-fn-bnÂ t_mw-_-dn-ª-Xv te-_À dn-t^mw-kv _nÂ,]-»n-Iv tk-^v-än _nÂ F-¶n-h-sb Ip-dn-¨v NÀ-¨ sN-¿p-t¼m-gm-bn-cp-¶p. k-`-bnÂ `q-cn-]-£ Aw-Ko-Im-c-an-Ãm-bn-cp-¶n-«pw sXm-gn-em-fn kw-c-£-W-sa-¶ t]-cnÂ te-_À dn-t^mw-kv _n-Ãpw, P-\-§-fp-sS kp-c-£ F-¶ hym-tP-\ ]-»n-Iv tk-^v-än _n-Ãpw ssh-kv-tdm-bn ]m-km-¡n-b-Xn-s\ Xp-SÀ-¶m-bn-cp-¶p C-Xv. _-[n-c-cp-sS Im-Xv Xp-d-¸n-¡m³ a-säm-cp h-gn C-Ãm-̄ -Xn-\m-em-Wv C-Xv sN-¿p-¶-Xv F-¶m-bn-cp-¶p A-¶v A-hÀ ]-d-ª-Xv. C-t¸mÄ tI-{µ kÀ-¡m-cpw IÀ-j-I c-£-s¡-¶ t]-cnÂ ImÀ-jn-I _n-Ãpw sXm-gn-em-fn kw-c-£-W-sa-¶ hym-tP-\ te-_À tIm-Up-I-fpw Xn-c-¡p ]n-Sn-¨v i-Ð-thm-t«m-sS ]m-km-¡n ]mÀ-en-saâv A-\v-Ýn-X Im-e-t¯-¡v ]n-cn-ªn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. C-ý-bn-se-Xv C³-{U-kv-{Sn-bÂ {Un-h¬ F-t¡m-W-an F-¶m-Wv A-hÀ ]-d-bp-¶-Xv. e-£yw A-©p sIm-Ãw sIm-ïv 5 {Sn-Ãy¬ F-t¡m-W-an D-ïm-¡-em-Wv. C-Xn-te-¡v A-hÀ Im-Wp-¶ G-I amÀ-¤w F-̂ v Un sF B-Wv. C-¡m-cyw {]-[m-\-a-{ń X-s¶ hy-à-am-¡n-bn-«p-ïv. B-ß \nÀ-`À `m-c-Xv A-Y-hm kz-bw ]-cym-]v-X ̀ m-c-Xw F-¶p ]-d-bp-I-bpw A-Xn-sâ H-cp k-̄ -bpw C-Ãm-̄ \n-b-a-§Ä \-S-̧ n-em-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿p-I-bm-Wv. C-Xv hn-tZ-i-Ip-¯-I aq-e-[-\ i-àn-IÄ-¡v C-hn-sS km-l-N-cy-sam-cp-¡n sIm-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-sâ ̀ m-K-am-Wv, ¢m-Ên-¡Â Iym-]n-ä-en-kw X-s¶ ]-d-bp-¶-Xv s{]m-U-£-sâ A-Sn-Øm-\ L-S-I-§Ä em³-Uv, te-_À, Iym-]n-äÂ F-¶m-Wv. em³-Un³ ta-ep-f-f IÀ-j-I-sâ A-h-Im-iw \n-e-\nÀ-¯p-I-bpw F-¶mÂ A-hÀ D-ev-]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶ DÂ-

-̧¶-§Ä-¡p taÂ A-{Kn _n-kn-\-kv tImÀ-]-td-äp-IÄ-¡v A-h-Im-iw Øm-]n-¡m³ A-h-k-cw H-cp-¡p-I-bp-am-Wv ImÀ-jn-I _nÂ. sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf sIm-ïv Ip-̄ -I-̀ o-a³-amÀ-¡v Zm-ky-th-e sN-¿n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv ]p-Xn-b te-_À tIm-Uv sIm-ïv e-£y-am-¡p-¶-Xv. Iym-]n-ä-en-\v kÀ-Æm-[n-Im-c-hpw \Â-In cm-Py-s¯ {]m-Ir-X ap-X-em-fn-¯-hy-h-Ø-bn-te-¡v X-f-fp-I-bm-Wv C-hÀ. Iym-]n-ä-en-sâ e-£yw ]-c-am-h-[n em-`w F-¶-Xv am-{X-am-Wv. C-Xn-\m-bn hÀ-t¡-gv--kv F-¶-Xn-sâ \nÀ-h-N-\w X-s¶ am-än F-gp-Xn sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf A-c-£n-Xm-h-Ø-bn-te-¡m-¡p-I-bm-Wv. 300 sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fnÂ Xm-sg tPm-en sN-¿p-¶ Øm-]-\-§Ä A-S-̈ p ]q-«p-I-tbm te Hm-̂ v sN-¿p-I-tbm sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf Iq-«-t¯m-sS ]n-cn-¨p hn-Sp-I-tbm sN-¿p-¶-Xn-\v kÀ-¡m-dn-sâ aq³-IqÀ A-\p-a-Xn B-h-iy-an-Ã F-¶m-Wv ]p-Xn-b te-_À tIm-UnÂ ]-d-bp-¶-Xv. ̂ n-Iv--k-Uv ssSw te-_À F-¶ B-h-iy-s¯ A-an-X-am-bn t{]mÂ-km-ln-̧ n-¡p-I h-gn F-Ãm ta-J-e-I-fn-epw I-cmÀ sXm-gnÂ hym-]n-̧ n-¡p-I-bm-Wv. kw-L-Sn-¡m-t\m A-h-Im-i-§Ä-¡p th-ïn k-a-cw sN-¿m³ t]m-ep-tam kzm-X-{ýw \n-tj-[n-¡-s -̧Sp-¶ C-hÀ Iq-en-A-Sn-a-I-fm-bn am-dpw. tPm-en-Øn-c-X, tPm-en k-a-bw, ]-cn-c-£ Xp-S-§n Im-e-§-fm-bn sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ t\-Sn-sb-Sp-̄ A-h-Im-i-§-sf-Ãmw C-tXm-sS l-\n-¡-s¸-Spw. C³-kv--s]-ÎÀ X-kv-Xn-I am-än C³-kv--s]-ÎÀ Iw s^-kn-en-tä-äÀ F-¶m-¡p-¶-Xv \n-b-a-ew-L-I³-amÀ-¡v th-ïn-bm-Wv. \n-b-a-ew-L-\-¯n-\v sXm-gn-ep-S-a-IÄ-¡v h-en-b ]n-g-bpw X-S-hp-sam-s¡ DÄ-s -̧Sp-̄ n-bn-«p-sï-¦n-epw dn-t¸mÀ-«-Uv tI-kp-IÄ D-ïm-Im-Xn-cn-¡m-\p-f-f ]-gp-Xp-IÄ Xp-d-¶n-«n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. H-cn-¡-epw A-\p-a-Xn e-̀ n-¡m-¯, H-cn-¡-epw \-S-¡m-¯ ]-cn-tim-[-\, H-cn-¡-epw k-aÀ-¸n-¡m-¯ Ip-ä-]-{Xw.. in-£n-¡-s¸-Sn-sÃ-¶v D-S-a-IÄ-¡pw kÀ-¡m-dn-\p-a-dn-bmw.

1920 \pw 40 \p-an-S-bv-¡p-f-f Im-e-L-«-¯nÂ D-ïm-¡n-b sXm-gnÂ \n-b-a-§-fnÂ C-S-bv-¡v X-«n-bpw ap-«n-bpw am-äw h-cp-̄ n-b-Xm-Wv \n-e-hn-ep-f-f-Xv. Im-e-hpw sXm-g-n-e´-co-£-hpw sXm-gnÂ co-Xn-I-fn-ep-sa-Ãmw h-Ãm-sX am-dn-¡-gn-ªp. C-Xn-\-\p-k-cn-¨ am-ä-§Ä sXm-g-nÂ \n-b-a-§-fn-epw A-\n-hm-cy-am-Wv. \n-e-hn-ep-f-f 44 \n-b-a-§-sf 4 tIm-Up-I-f-n-em-bn H-Xp-¡p-t¼mÄ sXm-g-nÂ \n-b-a-§Ä Iq-Sp-XÂ hy-à-hpw kp-Xm-cy-am-bn am-d-p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. sXm-gn-em-fn-I-Ä-¡v Kp-W-I-c-am-b hy-h-Ø-I-fpw C-Xn-ep-ïv. sXm-gn-ep-S-a-I-sf h-ep-Xm-bn B-i-¦-s -̧Sp-̄ p-¶ -Nn-e-Xp-ap-ïv. C-XnÂ {]-[m-\-s¸-« H-¶v sXm-gn-Â \n-b-a-§Ä ew-Ln-¡p-¶ sXm-gn-ep-S-a-IÄ-¡v h-en-b ]n-g in-£-bv-¡p ]p-d-sa A-hÀ-¡v P-bnÂ in-£-bpw

_n-t\m-bv hn-izw - Fw ]n \m-j-WÂ hÀ-¡nw-Kv I-½n-än sa-¼ÀF-sF-Sn-bp kn

In-c¬sk-{I-«-dn, I-©n-t¡m-Sv C³-U-kv-{Sn-bÂ t^m-dw

sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sfIq-en A-Sn-a-I-fm-¡p-¶p

sXmgnepSaIÄ¡vBi¦bpïm¡p¶Xv

_nkn\kv \yqkv October 202010

hy-h-Ø sN-bv-Xn-cn-¡p-¶p F-¶-Xm-Wv. \-½p-sS cm-Py-¯p-f-f hy-h-km-b-§-fnÂ 90 i-X-am-\-hpw sN-dp-In-S-hy-h-k-§-fm-Wv. \q-tdm C-cp-¶p-tdm sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-f-f H-cp Øm-]-\-¯nÂ F-Ãm hy-h-Ø-I-fpw Ir-Xy-am-bn X-s¶ ]m-en-̈ p sIm-ïp t]m-hp-I F-f-p-¸-a-Ã. H-cp Izm-fn-ss^-Uv F-¨v. BÀ. I¬-kÄ-«ân-\v H-cp e-£w cq-]-sb-¦n-epw i-¼-fw \Â-tI-ïn h-cpw. sN-dp-In-S -Øm-]-\-§Ä-¡v C-Xv H-cp X-c-¯n-epw km-[y-am-hn-Ã. ]p-Xn-b tIm-Uv \-S-̧ n-em-¡p-I h-gn sXm-gn-em-f-n-IÄ A-Sn-a-¯-¯n-te-¡p \-bn-¡-s -̧Sp-¶ hm-Z-̄ n-\v C-¶v {]-k-àn-bn-Ã. hy-h-km-b-§Ä Iq-Sp-X-ep-f-f kw-Øm-\-§-fnÂ sXm-gn-Sp-a-IÄ C-¶-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶ G-ä-hpw h-en-b {]-iv-\w sXm-gn-em-f-n-I-fp-sS sIm-gn-ªp t]m-¡m-Wv. ]-¯p hÀ-j-tam A-Xn-e-[n-I-tam tPm-en sN-bv-X-hÀ h-sc sIm-gn-ªp-t]m-Ip-¶p. h³-Xp-I ap-S-¡n sXm-gn-ep-S-a ]-cn-io-e-\-hpw a-ä-pw \Â-In \n-b-an-¡p-¶ sXm-g-n-em-f-n C-Xp ssI-ap-X-em-¡n Iq-Sp-XÂ th-X-\w e-`n-¡p-¶ Ø-m-]-\-§-fn-te-¡v tN-s¡-dp-I-bm-Wv. C-̄ -cw sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf F-´p {]-bm-kw k-ln-¨pw Iq-sS \nÀ-¯p-¶-Xn-\m-bn-cn-¡pw sXm-gn-ep-S-a-IÄ {i-²n-¡p-I. sXm-gn-em-f-n-IÄ-¡v C-t¸mÄ Hm-]v-j³ Iq-Sp-X-em-Wv. A-Xp sIm-ïp X-s¶ A-hÀ B-cp-sS-bpw sNmÂ-¸-Sn-¡p \nÂ-¡m³ X-¿m-dm-In-Ã. In-S-̧ m-S-hpw ̀ m-cy-bp-sS sI-«p-Xm-en h-sc hn-äpw ]-W-b-s -̧Sp-̄ n-bpw Xp-S-§p-¶ sN-dp-In-S kw-cw-̀ -§-f--nÂ, sXm-gn-ep-S-a-I-fp-sS P-b-]-cm-P-b-§Ä t\m-¡m-sX t{S-Uv bq-Wn-b³ B-[n-]-Xyw Ø-m-]n-¡p-¶ \n-e-bm-Wv C-t¸mÄ D-f-f-Xv. sXm-g-n-em-fn-I-sf kz-´w bq-Wn-b-\nÂ ]n-Sn-¨p-\nÀ-¯m³ th-ïn sXm-gn-ep-S-a-I-sf t\-Xm-¡Ä {Iq-in-¡p-¶p. Iq-Sp-XÂ ku-I-cy-§-fp-f-f Øm-]-\-§-sf kr-ãn-̈ v sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡v Iq-Sp-XÂ A-h-k-c-§Ä D-ïm-¡p-I-bm-Wv th-ï-Xv. h³ dn-kv-Iv F-Sp-¯v kw-cw-`-IÀ h-¶mÂ am-{X-sa sXm-gnÂ kp-c-£, sXm-gnÂ A-h-Im-iw Xp-S-§n-b-h-sb Ip-dn-s¨m-s¡ ]-cm-Xn-IÄ D-ïm-hq. a-dn-̈ p-f-f-h t]m-epw ]q-«nt]m-Ip-t¼mÄ D-f-f-Xpw Iq-Sn \-ã-am-hp-I-bm-Wv sN-¿p-I. sXm-g-n-em-fn-I-fnÂ \n-¶v sXm-gn-ep-S-a- kw-c-£Ww tX-Sp-¶ Im-e-¯pw tI-c-fw hy-h-km-b-§-fp-sS i-h-]-d-¼m-bn am-dp-I-bm-Wv. 400 Hm-fw sXm-gn-em-f-n-IÄ ]-Wn-sb-Sp-̄ n-cp-¶ I-©n-t¡m-s« s]-]v-kn bq-W-n-ä-pw C-t¸mÄ ]q-«n. a-äp ]-e Øm-]-\-§-fpw kw-Øm-\w hn-«p t]m-Ip-¶p. {]m-În-¡Â A-Ãm-̄ \n-_-Ô-\-§Ä A-Sn-t¨-ev-]n-¡p-¶-Xv kw-cw-`-I-sc `-b-s¸-Sp-¯n Hm-Sn-¡-em-Wv. A-Xp-sIm-ïp X-s¶ \n-b-a-§Ä knw-¹n-ss^ sN-t¿-ï-Xp-ïv. Iq-Sp-XÂ kw-cw-`-§Ä h-¶mÂ am-{X-sa sXm-gn-e-m-fn-IÄ-¡v Iq-

Sp-XÂ ku-I-cy-§-fp-f-f Øm-]-\-§Ä Xn-c-sª-Sp-¯v tPm-en sN-¿m-\m-hq. a-dn-¨v X-IÀ-¨-bn-te-¡p \o-§p-¶ Øm-]-\-§-fnÂ t]m-epw A-[n-I th-X-\-¯n-\pw A-h-Im-i-§Ä-¡p-am-bn k-a-cw sN-bv-X ]q-«n-̈ v sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf h-gn-bm-[m-c-am-¡p-¶ \n-b-a-§-f-Ã th-ï-Xv. C-t¸m-g-s¯ am-ä-§-sf `m-Kn-I-am-bn am-{Xw kzm-K-Xw sN-¿p-¶p.

_n Fw F-kv DÄ-s¸-sS-bp-Å t{S-Uv bq-Wn-b-\p-IÄ Câ-kv-{Sn-bÂ dn-te-j³ tIm-Un-sâ ]-g-b {Um-^v-änÂ Nn-e F-XnÀ-¸p-IÄ A-dn-bn-̈ n-cp-¶p. C-sXm-¶pw ]-cn-K-Wn-̈ n-Ã. t{S-Uv bq-Wn-b-\p-I-sf X-fÀ-¯p-¶-Xm-Wv \n-b-a-sa-¶v hy-à-am-Wv. sXm-gn-em-fn hn-cp-²-am-Wv ]p-Xn-b N-«-§Ä. C-h-bn-e-[n-I-hpw sXm-gn-ep-S-a-I-sf-bpw Ip-¯-I-I-sf-bpw k-lm-bn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. Ip-Sn-tb-ä-s¯m-gn-em-fn-I-f-S-¡w hn-hn-[ ta-J-e-I-fnÂ {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶ sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡v AÀ-l-am-b \n-b-a ]-cn-c-£ ]p-Xn-b aq-¶p N-«-§-fnÂ DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«n-Ã. 300 sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ h-sc-bp-Å Øm-]-\-§Ä A-S-̈ p-]q-«m³ ap³-IqÀ A-\p-a-Xn th-sï-¶ hy-h-Ø Øm-]-\w \-S-¯m-\-Ã A-S-¨p-]q-«m-\m-Wv k-lm-bn-¡p-I-.

(_n-Fw-F-kv hmÀ-jn-I k-t½-f-\-¯nÂ Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨ {]-ta-b-¯nÂ \n-¶v)

Øm-]-\w \-S-¯m-\-ÃA-S-¨p-]q-«m-\m-Wv k-lm-bn-¡p-I

c-fo-b k-¼-Zv ta-J-e-bp-sS Po-h-\m-Un-bm-Wv k-l-I-c-W-ta-J-e.kw-Øm-\-s¯ ImÀ-jn-I-ta-J-e {]-[m-\-am-bpw {]m-W-hm-bp t]m-se Cu cw-K-s¯ tk-h-\-§-sf B-{i-bn-¡p-¶p-ïv. F-¶mÂ tIm-hn-Uv Im-e-̄ v ]mÀ-e-saâv ]m-km-¡n-b _m-¦nw-Kv \n-b-{´-W \n-b-a t`-Z-K-Xn _nÂ C-hn-Sp-s¯ ]-e k-l-I-c-W kw-L-§-sf-bpw B-i-¦-bn-em-gv-¯p-¶p-ïv. kw-Øm-\-̄ n-sâ {Km-ao-W-ta-J-e-bnÂ h-sc B-gv-¶ th-tcm-«-ap-f-f-Xpw kÀ-Æo-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦p-IÄ F-¶ t]-cnÂ hym-]-I-am-bn ]-cn-N-cn-̈ p h-cp-¶-Xp-am-b {]m-Y-an-I hm-bv-]m k-l-I-c-W kw-L-§-fn-em-Wv _nÂ h-en-b B-i-¦-bp-f-hm-¡p-¶-Xv. kÀ-Æo-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦p-I-fpw ImÀ-jn-I {Km-a-hn-I-k-\ _m-¦p-I-fp-sam-¶p-an-\n t]-cn-s\m-̧ w _m-¦v F-¶ ]-Zw D-]-tbm-Kn-¡-cp-sX-¶m-Wv hy-h-Ø. ]-Xn-äm-ïp-I-fm-bn tI-c-fo-b P-\-X-bp-sS lr-Z-b-¯nÂ ]-Xn-ª ]-e k-l-I-c-W kw-L-§-fpw C-Xp-h-sc A-dn-b-s¸-«p h-¶n-«p-f-f-Xv k-l-I-c-W

_m-¦nw-§v \n-b-{´-W \n-b-a-t`-Z-K-Xnk-l-I-c-W _m-¦p-IÄ B-i-¦bn--Â

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_n-kn-\-kv \yq-kv _yq-tdm


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_m-¦v F-¶ t]-cn-em-Wv. ]p-Xn-b hy-h-Ø-IÄ {]-Im-cw _m-¦v, _m-¦À, _m-¦nw-§v F-¶o ]-Z-§Ä-¡p ]-I-cw k-l-I-c-W kw-Lw F-¶ t]-cp-]-tbm-Kn-¡m-t\ C-h-bv-¡p I-gn-bq. A-Xy-´m-[p-\n-I kw-hn-[m-\-I-fpw _m-¦nw-§n-\p ]p-d-sa {]-Xn-_-²-X-tbm-sS \n-c-h-[n km-aq-ln-I tk-h-\-§-fpw \-S-¸m-¡n h-cp-¶-h-bm-Wv tI-c-f-¯n-se ]-e kÀ-Æo-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦p-I-fpw. _m-¦v F-¶ ]-Zw t]-cnÂ \n-s¶-Sp-¯p am-ä-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ C-S-]m-Sp-ImÀ A-Xn-s\ F-§-s\-bm-hpw DÄ-s¡m-f-fp-I F-¶-Xm-Wv {]-iv--\-§-fn-sem-¶v. C-h-cp-sS \n-t£-]w þ-hm-bv-]m Xp-S-§n-b C-S-]m-Sp-IÄ thm-«-h-Im-i-ap-f-f F ¢m-kv sa-¼À-am-cp-am-bn am-{X-sa B-Im-hq F-¶ hy-h-Ø-bpw Xn-cn-¨-Sn-bm-Ip-sa-¶ B-i-¦-bp-ïv. C-´y-bn-se B-sI {]m-Y-an-I k-l-I-c-W-kw-L-§-fp-sS Im-cy-sa-Sp-¯mÂ A-XnÂ H-t¶ ap-¡mÂ i-X-am-\-t¯m-fw am-{X-am-Wv tI-c-f-¯n-ep-f-f-Xv. F-¶mÂ C-hn-sS k-l-I-c-W-{]-Øm-\w P-\-lr-Z-b-̄ nÂ th-tcm-«w i-à-am-¡n-bn-«p-f-f-Xn-\mÂ


Cu ta-J-e-bnÂ cm-Py-s¯ sam-̄ w \n-t£-]-̄ n-sâ 70 i-X-am-\-t¯m-fw I-¿-Sn-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p F-¶-Xv hn-kv-a-bn-¸n-¡p-¶ H-¶m-Wv. F ¢m-kv Aw-K-§-fnÂ \n-¶-Ãm-sX \n-t£-]w kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xv hn-e-¡-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ A-Xv k-l-I-c-W kw-L-§-fp-sS C-t¸m-g-s¯ \n-e-hn-ep-f-f {]-hÀ-̄ -\-§-sf F-{X-t¯m-fw _m-[n-¡p-¶p-sh-¶-Xv I-ï-dn-b-W-sa-¶-Xp X-s¶-bm-Wv Cu ta-J-e-bn-se hn-Z-Kv-[À \Â-Ip-¶ kq-N-\.1624 kÀ-Æo-k-v k-l-I-c-W _m-¦p-I-fm-Wv kw-Øm-\-¯v {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶-Xv. C-h-bn-eq-sS k-am-l-cn-¡-s -̧«n-«p-f-f H-cp e-£w tIm-Sn-bn-te-sd h-cp-¶ \n-t£-]-̄ n-sâ 60 i-X-am-\-t¯m-fw \m-a-am-{X \n-t£-]-I-cp-tS-Xm-Wv. \n-b-aw IÀ-¡-i-am-bn \-S-¸n-em-¡m³ Xo-cp-am-\n-¨mÂ C-h-bnÂ ]-e-Xpw Xn-cn-sI \Â-tI-ïn h-cpw. ]-s£ ]-e Im-c-W-§Ä sIm-ïpw C-h-sbm-¶pw A-{X th-K-¯nÂ \-S-¸m-¡m-\m-hp-¶-X-Ã. ]p-Xn-b hy-h-Ø-IÄ IÀ-i-\-am-bn \-S-¸m-¡n-bmÂ \n-t£-]-IÀ-¡v sN-¡v \Â-Im-\pw C-hÀ-¡-\p-a-Xn-bp-ïm-hn-Ã. hn-Xv--t{Um-hÂ Én-]v B-Wv \Â-tI-ï-Xv. \n-e-hnÂ ]-e k-l-I-c-W _m-¦p-I-fpw kz-´w sN-¡v \Â-Im-sX X-s¶-bm-Wv C-S-]m-Sp-IÄ ]-e-Xpw \-S-̄ p-¶-Xv. ]-s£, a-äp I-ta-gv--kyÂ _m-¦p-I-fp-sS sN-¡v kzo-I-cn-¨v ]-W-am-¡n-\Â-Ip-¶-Xn-\pw \n-tcm-[-\w h-¶-Xv Xn-cn-¨-Sn-bm-Ip-sa-¶p X-s¶-bm-Wv ]-e _m-¦p-I-fpw I-cp-Xp-¶-Xv. \n-b-aw IÀ-i-\-am-bn \-S-¸n-em-¡p-t¼mÄ kÀ-Æo-kv k-l-I-c-W kw-L-§Ä-¡v BÀ.Sn.Pn.F-kv, F³.C.F-̂ v.Sn t]m-ep-f-f Hm¬-sse³ tk-h-\-§-fpw H-gn-hm-t¡-ïn h-cpw. tI-{µ-kÀ-¡mÀ B-\p-Iq-ey-§Ä IÀ-j-I-cn-te-s¡-¯n-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-bn Pn-Ãm _m-¦p-I-fnÂ B-cw-`n-¨ an-dÀ A-¡u-ïp-I-fp-sS tk-h-\-hpw A-h-km-\n-¸n-t¡-ïn h-t¶-¡pw. \n-t£-]-I-cp-sS XmÂ-̧ -cy-§Ä-¡v A-\p-Iq-e-am-b am-ä-§-fm-Wv ]-e-Xpw. ]-s£, A-c-\q-äm-ïn-te-sd ]-g-¡-ap-Å-Xpw A-Xn-te-sd hn-izm-ky-X ]p-eÀ-̄ p-¶-X-am-b kÀ-ho-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦p-I-sf ss{]-a-dn A-{Kn-IÄ-¨À s{I-Un-äv skm-ssk-än-I-fp-sS I-S-bv-¡Â \n-b-aw F-{X-bm-g-¯nÂ I-¯n sh-bv-¡p-sa-¶-dn-bm³ A-ev-]-Im-ew Iq-Sn Im-¯n-cn-t¡-ïn h-cpw. ''_nÂ ]m-km-bn \n-b-a-am-bn-¡-gn-sª-¦n-epw hy-à-X h-cm³ dn-kÀ-hv _m-¦n-sâ hn-Úm-]-\w h-tc-ï-Xp-ïv. ]-e hy-h-Ø-I-fpw hy-à-am-bn hym-

Jym-\n-¡-s¸-S-W-sa-¦nÂ hn-Úm-]-\w h-c-Ww. \n-b-a-¯n-se Ip-¯pw tIm-a-bpw h-sc hym-Jym-\-§-fn-epÄ-s -̧Sp-sa-¶-Xn-\mÂ ss{]-a-dn A-{Kn-IÄ-̈ À _m-¦p-IÄ-¡pw kÀ-ho-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦p-IÄ-¡pw \n-b-aw F-{X-t¯m-fw _m-[-I-am-Ip-sa-¶v A-Xn-\p ti-j-ta ]-d-bm-\m-Iq. am-{X-a-Ã Pp-Uo-jyÂ dn-hyq-hn-\v km-[y-X-bp-ïv. tI-c-f _m-¦n-\v A-\p-a-Xn \Â-Ip-t¼mÄ ]p-Xn-b kÀ-ho-kv k-l-I-c-W kw-L-§Ä-¡v _m-¦v ]-Z-hn \Â-I-cp-sX-¶v \nÀ-t±-in-̈ n-«p-ïv. \n-e-hnÂ {]-hÀ-̄ n-̈ p sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-¶ kw-L-§-sf X-Xz-̄ nÂ Aw-Ko-I-cn-̈ n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv C-Xp-h-gn. hn-Úm-]-\-¯n-\m-bn Im-¯n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv.''Fw.]p-cp-tjm-¯-a³sk-{I-«-dna-®mÀ-¡m-Sv dq-dÂ kÀ-ho-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦v

"AÀ-_³ tIm-¸-td-äo-hv _m-¦p-I-sf ]-Sn-]-Sn-bm-bn X-IÀ-¡m-\m-Wv tI-{µ kÀ-¡mÀ {i-an-¡p-¶-Xv. C-Xv H-cp Kq-Um-tem-N-\-bp-sS `m-K-am-Wv. a-ªp-a-e-bp-sS H-c-äw am-{X-am-Wn-t¸mÄ Im-Wm-\m-hp-¶-Xv. C-¯-c-¯n-ep-Å \o-¡-§Ä Xn-I-¨pw {]-Xn-tj-[mÀ-l-am-Wv. Cu k-l-I-c-W I-cn-\n-b-aw ]n³ h-en-¡m³ tI-{µ kÀ-¡mÀ X-¿m-dm-h-Ww'' B-cym-S³ ju-¡-¯v{]-kn-Uâv\n-e-¼qÀ AÀ-º¬ tIm-¸-td-äo-hv _m-¦v

"{Km-ao-W ta-J-e-bv-¡v D-Zm-c-am-b ]n-́ p-W \Â-Ip-¶ {]-Y-an-I k-l-I-c-W _m-¦p-I-sf t\m-«-¸p-Ån-I-fm-¡p-¶ tI-{µ-\-bw A-t§-b-äw {]-Xn-tj-[mÀ-l-am-Wv. tIm-hn-Uv Im-e-¯pÄ-s¸-sS {]-Xn-k-Ôn L-«-§-fn-se-Ãmw sIm-Å-¸-en-i-¡m-cnÂ \n-¶v km-[m-c-W-¡m-sc c-£n-s¨-Sp-¡m³ k-l-I-c-W _m-¦p-IÄ kzo-I-cn-¨ \n-e-]m-Sp-IÄ h-f-sc D-Zm-c-am-Wv. C-\n-b-t§m-«v C-sX-{X-am-{Xw km-[y-am-Ip-sa-¶ Im-cy-¯nÂ h-en-b B-i-¦ h-¶n-«p-ïv. Cu \-b-§Ä {]m-Y-an-I k-l-I-c-W-kw-L-§-sf {]-Xn-k-Ôn-bn-em-¡p-sa-¶ Im-cy-¯nÂ c-ï-`n-{]mb-an-Ã."A-Uz. Sn. kn-²n-¡v{]-kn-U³-dvA-cn-bqÀ kÀ-ho-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦v

-tI


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-{µ-kÀ-¡mÀ ]m-km-¡n-b ImÀ-jn-I _n-Ãn-s\-Xn-sc i-à-am-b {]-Xn-tj-[-am-Wv hn-hn-[ kw-Øm-\-§-fn-e-c-t§-dp-¶-Xv. IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v DÂ-̧ -¶ hn-]-Wn-bnÂ Iq-Sp-XÂ kzm-X-{ýw \Â-Ip-¶-Xm-Wv ]p-Xn-b ]-cn-jvIm-c-sa-¶v {]-[m-\-a-{ń \-tc-{µ tam-Zn A-S-¡-ap-Å ̀ -c-W-¡mÀ hn-i-Zo-I-cn-¡p-¶-sX-¦n-epw _nÂ IÀ-j-I-hn-cp-²-am-sW-¶v-{]-Xn-]-£ ]mÀ-«n-IÄ B-tcm-]n-¡p-¶p. IÀ-j-I-kw-L-S-\-I-fm-I-s« {]-Xn-tj-[-hp-am-bn sX-cp-hn-en-d-§n-bn-cn-¡p-I-bp-am-Wv.

A-\p-Ip-e-sa-¶v kÀ-¡mÀ

ImÀ-jn-I hn-f hn-]-W-\ hm-Wn-Py (t{]m-Õm-l-\-hpw \-S-¸m-¡-epw) _nÂ 2020, hn-e D-d-¸m-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw ImÀ-jn-I tk-h-\-§Ä-¡p-

IÀ-j-IÀ F-́ n-\v {]-Xn-tj-[n-¡p-¶p?_n-kn-\-kv \yq-kv _yq-tdm

ap-Å ImÀ-jn-I (im-ào-I-c-W, kw-c-£-W) I-cmÀ 2020 F-¶n-h-bm-Wv tI-{µw tem-I-v-k-`-bnÂ H-cp-an-̈ v A-h-X-cn-̧ n-̈ -Xv. Cu hÀ-jw C-tX hn-j-b-¯nÂ tI-{µ-kÀ-¡mÀ sIm-ïp-h-¶ c-ïv HmÀ-Un-\³-kp-IÄ-¡v ]-I-c-am-Wv ]p-Xn-b _n-Ãp-IÄ.ImÀ-jn-I hn-f-IÄ-¡v an-I-̈ hn-e D-d-¸m-¡m-\pw Nq-j-Ww H-gn-hm-¡m\pw k-lm-bn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv ]p-Xn-b _n-Ãp-IÄ F-¶v tI-{µ-kÀ-¡mÀ B-hÀ-̄ n-̈ p hy-à-am-¡p-¶p-ïv .C-S-\n-e-¡m-cp-sS Nq-j-W-an-Ãm-sX IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v A-h-cp-sS D-Ã-¶-§Ä cm-Py-s¯-hn-sS-bpw hnÂ-¡m³ _nÂ A-\p-h-Zn-¡p-¶p-sh-¶-Xv h-en-b t\-«-am-bn D-bÀ-¯n-¡m-«p-¶p-ap-ïv. ImÀ-jn-I-hn-f-IÄ hnÂ-¡m-\p-Å N-́ -IÄ-¡v ]p-d-sa, \n-e-hn-ep-Å kw-hn-[m-\-̄ n-\v ò-j-Wn-bn-Ãm-sX X-s¶ hn-f-IÄ hnÂ-¡m³ kzm-X-{ýw \Â-Ip-¶-Xm-Wv B-Zy-t -̄sX-¦nÂ


IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v hn-f-IÄ hm-§p-¶ Øm-]-\-§-fp-am-bn I-cm-dnÂ GÀ-s¸-Sm³ kzm-X-{ýw \Â-Ip-¶-Xm-Wv c-ïm-a-s¯ _nÂ. D-Xv-]m-Z-\w sa-¨-s¸-Sp-¯m³ Iq-Sp-XÂ amÀ-K-§Ä kzo-I-cn-¡m-t\m hn-f-IÄ-¡v an-I-¨ hn-e e-`n-¡m-\m-bn hn-e-t]-im-t\m ti-jn-bn-Ãm-̄ -h-cm-Wv cm-Py-s¯ 86 i-X-am-\-t¯m-fw h-cp-¶ sN-dp-In-S IÀ-j-IÀ. C-h-sc C-S-\n-e-¡m-cp-sS Nq-j-W-¯nÂ \n-s¶m-gn-hm-¡m³ k-lm-bn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv-]p-Xn-b _nÂ F-¶m-Wv tI-{µ-kÀ-¡mÀ hym-Jym-\n-¡p-¶-Xv.

F-¶n-«pw F-XnÀ-¸v

IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v G-sd Kp-Ww sN-¿p-sa-¶v {]-Xy-£-¯nÂ X-s¶ hy-à-am-hp-I-bpw kÀ-¡mÀ B-W-bn-Sp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xn-«pw IÀ-j-IÀ ]p-Xn-b \n-b-a-s¯ F-XnÀ-¡p-I-bm-Wv . A-hÀ D-Xv-]m-Zn-̧ n-¡p-¶ hn-f-IÄ ^p-Uv tImÀ-¸-td-j³ Hm-^v C-ý kw-`-cn-¡p-I-bpw A-h s]m-Xp-hn-X-c-W-kw-hn-[m-\w h-gn hn-X-c-Ww sN-¿p-I-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p C-Xp-h-sc-bp-ïm-bn-cp-¶ co-Xn. F-¶mÂ ]p-Xn-b \n-b-aw Cu kw-hn-[m-\w A-h-km-\n-¸n-¡p-sa-¶ B-i-¦-bm-Wv IÀ-jÀ-¡v. ImÀ-jn-I hn-f hn-]-W-\ k-an-Xn-I-f-p-sS ]-c-¼-cm-K-X N-́ -I-fn-e-Ãm-sX D-Ã-¶-§Ä hn-]-W-\w \-S-̄ m-\pw

kw-Øm-\m-́ -c C-S-]m-Sp-IÄ \-S-̄ m-\pw IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v kzm-X-{ýw \Â-Ip-¶p-sï-¦n-epw ]p-Xn-b _nÂ sI-Wn-bm-sW-¶ hm-Z-am-Wv Ir-jn-¡mÀ-¡p-Å-Xv.

B-i-¦-bv-¡p-Å A-Sn-Øm-\w

]-Xn-äm-ïp-I-fm-bn ImÀ-jn-I hn-f-I-fp-sS hn-e-bn-Sn-hnÂ \n-¶v IÀ-j-I-sc k-lm-bn-¡p-¶-Xv kÀ-¡mÀ Im-em-Im-e-§-fnÂ {]-Jym-]n-¡p-¶ Xm-§p hn-e-bm-Wv. ]p-Xn-b \n-b-aw {I-ta-W Cu kw-hn-[m-\w C-Ãm-Xm-¡p-sa-¶-Xm-Wv IÀ-j-I kw-L-S-\-I-fp-sS B-i-¦. hn-f-I-fp-sS D-Xv-]m-Z-\w B-cw-`n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p ap³-]p X-s¶ A-h hm-§p-¶-Xn-\v kz-Im-cy I-¼-\n-I-fp-am-bn I-cm-dnÂ GÀ-s¸-Sm-\pw hn-e \n-Ý-bn-¡m-\pw ]p-Xn-b _nÂ IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v kzm-X-{ýw \Â-Ip-¶p-ïv. ]-s£, Xm-§p-hn-e kw-hn-[m-\-an-Ãm-Xm-bmÂ Cu kzm-X-{ýw X-s¶ IÀ-j-I-\v I-Ã-d-sbm-cp-¡p-sa-¶ hm-Z-hpw i-à-am-Wv. Ip-¯-I hym-]m-c-¡-¼-\n-IÄ X-§-sf kz-́ w \n-e-̄ nÂ Iq-en A-Sn-a-I-fm-¡p-sa-¶v IÀ-j-IÀ -̀b-s -̧Sp-¶p . ImÀ-jn-I-hn-f-I-fp-sS hn-e kw-_-Ôn-̈

Nq-j-W-¯nÂ \n-¶v IÀ-j-I-sc kw-c-£n-¡p-sa-¶m-Wv ss{]-kv A-jz-d³-kv _n-Ãn-se hm-Kv-Zm-s\-¦n-epw hn-e D-d-¸m-¡m-\p-Å kw-hn-[m-\-s¯-¸-än _n-ÃnÂ ]-cm-aÀ-i-an-sÃ-¶-Xm-Wv Cu B-i-¦-b-¡p Im-c-Ww.

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¯nÂ H³-]-Xp \-h kw-cw-`-§-fpw ]-cm-P-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]-s£ ]-cm-P-b-s¸-Sm-\p-Å Im-c-W-§Ä tI-«mÂ sR-«pw. Xp-S-¡w ap-XÂ {i-² sN-ep-¯n-bmÂ 50% F-¦n-epw ]-cm-P-bw Ip-d-¡m³ ]-äpw. kw-i-bn-t¡-ï XoÀ-¨-bm-bpw ]-äpw. A-h F-s´m-s¡-bm-Wv F-¶v t\m-¡mw.

1. aq-ey\nÀ-W-bw

H-cp kw-cw-`w Xp-S-§m³ B-{K-ln-¡p-¶p, F-sâ a-\-ÊnÂ D-Å B-i-bw C-¶-Xm-Wv F-¶v ]-d-ªp sIm-ïv F-sâ A-Sp-¡Â ]-e-cpw h-cm-dp-ïv. A-h-tcm-Sv Rm³ B-Zy-ta X-s¶ sN-¿m-dp-Å-Xv A-h-cp-sS B-i-b-§Ä aq-ey \nÀ-W-bw (validate) sN-¿m-\p-Å H-cp t^mÀ-am-äv \Â-Ip-I F-¶-Xm-Wv. A-Xv ]q-cn-̧ n-¡p-t¼mÄ X-s¶ ]-e kw-cw-̀ -I-Ip-Xp-In-I-fpw a-Xn-bm-¡pw. _m-¡n-bp-Å-hÀ A-Xv ]q-cn-¸n-¨p Xn-cn-¨p h-cpw. A-hÀ ]-d-bm-

dp-Å-Xv i-cn-¡pw C-§-s\ \nÀ-W-bw \-S-¯p-t¼m-gm-Wv \-½p-sS B-i-b-§Ä P-\-§-fn-te-¡v F-{X am-{Xw F-¯n-t¨-cpw F-¶ Xn-cn-¨-dn-hv e-`n-¡p-¶-Xv F-¶m-Wv. \-ap-¡v ]-e B-i-b-§-fpw D-ïm-hmw, ]-s£ A-sX-Ãmw P-\-§Ä-¡v D-]-Im-c-{]-Z-am-I-Ww F-¶n-Ã. A-sÃ-¦nÂ C-Xn-t\-¡mÄ F-fp-̧ -̄ nÂ A-h-cp-sS B-h-iy-§Ä ]qÀ-¯o-I-cn-¡p-¶ D-Xv-]-¶-§Ä A-sÃ-¦nÂ tk-h-\-§Ä D-ïm-hmw. Nn-e-t¸mÄ \n-§-fp-sS sF-Un-b hm-en-tU-äv sN-¿p-t¼mÄ B-bn-cn-¡pw A-dn-bp-I \n-§Ä I-cp-Xn-b-Xn-t\-¡mÄ hy-Xy-kv-X-am-b D-]-tbm-Kw P-\-§Ä \n-§-fp-sS ]p-Xn-b D-Xv-]-¶-¯nÂ I-sï-¯n F-¶v. A-Xv sIm-ïv X-s¶ Cu H-cp {]-{In-b h-f-sc D-]-Im-c-{]-Z-am-Wv. hm-en-tU-äv sN-¿p-t¼mÄ {i-²n-t¡-ï co-Xn-IÄ F-s´m-s¡ F-¶v t\m-¡mw

a. e-£y\nÀ-h-N-\w (Define Goals) -

Cu ÌmÀ-«-¸v Xp-S-§p-¶-Xv sIm-ïv F-´m-Wv e-Iv--jyw sh-¡p-

¶-Xv F-¶-Xv ]-c-a {]-[m-\-am-Wv. F-́ v t\-«-am-Wv C-Xn-eq-sS e-Iv--jyw sh-¡p-

kw-cw-`w Xp-S-§pw ap-¼vhn-P-b km-[y-X hn-e-bn-cp-¯p-I

]-

9/10 ÌmÀ«¸vIÄ ]cmPbs¸Sp¶p. AXnÂ Hcp amäw XoÀ¨bmbpw km[yamWv

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¶-Xv F-¶v A-dn-bm-sX F-Sp-̄ v Nm-Sn-bn-«v Im-cy-an-Ã. D-Zm-l-c-W-¯n-\v D-Xv-]-¶w sIm-ïv e-£y-an-Sp-¶-Xv e-£-¡-W-¡n-\v h-cp-¶ sam-ss_Â D-]-tbm-àm-¡Ä-¡v td-Un-tb-j-\nÂ \n-¶v tam-N-\w F-¶-Xm-bn-cn-¡mw. A-sÃ-¦nÂ D-Xv-]-¶w sIm-ïv e-Iv--jyw sh-¡p-¶-Xv ¢n-\n-¡n-te-¡v t]m-Im-sX X-s¶ tUm-Î-dp-am-bn kw-h-Zn-¨p a-cp-¶p-IÄ \nÀ-t±-in-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-Å B-]v B-bn-cn-¡mw. C-§-s\ e-Iv--jyw F-́ m-Wv F-¶ Ir-Xy-am-b \nÀ-h-N-\w G-sXm-cp ÌmÀ-«-¸v-\pw h-f-sc A-Xym-h-iy-am-Wv.b. A-\p-am-\-§Ä þ A-Xv t]m-se X-s¶ {]-[m-\-am-Wv amÀ-¡-änÂ A-h-X-cn-¸n-¡m³ D-t±-in-¡p-¶ D-Xv-]-¶-§-sf kw-_-Ôn-¨ A-\p-am-\-§Ä F-s´m-s¡ F-¶-Xn-s\ Ip-dn-̈ p-Å hy-à-am-b [m-c-W. Nn-e-t¸mÄ Xm-¦-fp-sS A-\p-am-\w Cu D-Xv-]-¶w bp-hm-¡Ä-¡v Iq-Sp-XÂ D-]-I-cn-¡pw F-¶m-bn-cn-¡pw. A-sÃ-¦nÂ D-Xv-]-¶-¯n-\v G-sX-¦n-epw Nn-e cm-Py-§-fnÂ Iq-Sp-XÂ B-h-iy-¡mÀ D-ïm-hpw F-¶m-bn-cn-¡pw. C-Xv t]m-se ]-e A-\p-am-\-§-fpw D-ïm-hmw. A-h Ir-Xy-am-bn F-gp-Xn sh-¡p-t¼mÄ amÀ-¡-änÂ \n-¶pw e-̀ n-¡p-¶ ^o-Uv-_m-¡p-am-bn Xm-c-X-ayw sN-bm³ F-fp-¸-am-bn-cn-¡pw. c. {]-Xn-{ip-X D-]-t`m-àm-hn-ep-Å ]-co-£-Ww þ-A-t¸mÄ B-i-b-am-bn. A-XnÂ D-Å A-\p - am -\ -§Ä F-s´m-s¡ F-¶v Xo-cp-am-\n-¨p. C-\n th-ï G-ä-hpw {]-[m-\-s¸-« Im-cyw B B-i-bw A-sÃ-¦nÂ B-Zy am-Xr-I (prototype) i-cn-bm-b D-]-t`m-àm-hnÂ ]-co-£n-¨p t\m-¡p-I F-¶-Xm-Wv. H-cn-¡-epw C-XnÂ H-cp hn-«p ho-gv-N-bpw A-cp-Xv. ]-e-cpw sN-¿p-¶ sX-äv A-Sp-¸-ap-Å-h-tcm-Spw _-Ôp-¡-tfm-Sp-am-bn-cn-¡pw A-h-cp-sS D-Xv-]-¶-§-fpw tk-h-\-§-fpw ]-co-£-Ww \-S-¯p-I. A-h-cp-sS A-`n-{]m-bw H-cn-¡-epw i-cn-bm-b D-]-t`m-àm-hn-tâ-Xv B-I-Ww F-¶n-Ã. A-Xv sIm-ïv i-cn-¡pw tdm-Up-I-fn-te-¡v C-d-§n G-Xv hn-`m-K-¡mÀ-¡v th-ïn-bm-tWm Cu ÌmÀ-«-¸v kw-cw-`w Xp-S-§p-¶-Xv, A-h-cnÂ \n-¶v X-s¶ {]-Xn-I-c-Ww k-am-l-cn-¡-Ww.d. \nÂ-¡-tWm, t]m-tWm? þ A-sX. ap-I-fnÂ ]-d-ª F-Ãm Im-cy-§-fpw sN-bv-Xp I-gn-bp-t¼mÄ A-dn-bpw \n-§-fp-sS ÌmÀ-«-¸v D-Xv-]-¶w h-en-b co-Xn-bnÂ D-Xv-]m-Z-\-̄ n-\v X-¿mÀ B-tWm A-Ã Im-cy-am-b A-gn-̈ p ]-Wn-IÄ th-tWm F-¶v. F-´v D-¯-cw e-`n-¨m-epw h-f-sc \-Ã-Xv X-s¶ A-sÃ? i-cn-bm-b {]-{In-b-I-fn-eq-sS I-S-¶p t]m-Im-sX sh-dp-sX H-cp ÌmÀ-«-¸v B-sW-¶v ]-d-ªp hn-]-Wn-bn-te-¡v h-cp-¶-Xn-epw \-Ã-X-tÃ Ir-Xy-am-b kv-{Sm-ä-Pn DÄ-s¡m-ïv H-cp ÌmÀ-«-̧ v kw-cw-̀ w Xp-S-§n hn-P-bn-̧ n-¡p-I F-¶-Xv? \n-§-fp-sS B-i-b-§Ä ]-co-£n-¡p-¶-Xn-\v SWOT

Iq-Sm-sX porter's five forces law F-¶n-h D-]-tbm-Kn-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. kw-cw-`-§-fp-sS Xp-S-¡-¯nÂ 6þ7 am-k-t -̄¡v H-cp \-Ã saâÀ A-sÃ-¦nÂ ÌmÀ-«-̧ v tIm-¨p-I-fp-sS k-lm-bw tX-Sm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.

2. ZÀ-i-\-hpw Zu-Xy-hpw

\-Ã h-fÀ-̈ t\-Sn-b G-sXm-cp I-¼-\n F-Sp-̄ m-epw B ÌmÀ-«-̧ p-IÄ F-Ãmw h-f-sc Ir-Xy-am-b hn-j³, an-j³ F-¶n-h \nÀ-h-Nn-¡p-I-bpw A-Xv I-¼-\n-bp-sS A-Sn-¯-«v ap-XÂ F-Ãm-h-cn-epw ]-d-ªp ]Tn-¸n-¡p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xn-cn-¡pw. F-´n-\p th-ïn-bm-Wv H-cp I-¼-\n A-sÃ-¦nÂ ÌmÀ-«-̧ v \n-e-sIm-Åp-¶-Xv F-¶v a-\-Ên-em-¡p-¶ Hm-tcm Po-h-\-¡m-cpw A-Xn-\p th-ïn A-tlm-cm-{Xw {]-hÀ-̄ n-¡pw F-¶v am-{X-a-Ã A-§n-s\ D-Å I-¼-\n-I-fnÂ sIm-gn-ªp t]m-¡pw Ip-d-hm-bn-cn-¡pw. ]-e I-¼-\n-I-fn-epw ]p-Xn-b-Xm-bn tN-cp-¶ Po-h-\-¡mÀ-¡v Cu c-ïp Im-cy-§Ä a-\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xn-\p th-ïn {]-tXy-I s{S-bn-\n-Mv sk-

j-\p-IÄ X-s¶ \-S-¯m-dp-ïv.C-Xn -sâ Iq-sS X-s¶ tNÀ-¯v hm-bn-t¡-ï H-¶m-Wv aq-ey t_m-[w. Sm-ä F-¶v ]-d-bp-¶ I-¼-\n-¡v P-\-§-fp-sS C-S-bnÂ h-en-b co-Xn-bnÂ _-lp-am-\w D-ïv F-¦nÂ A-Xn-\p Im-c-Ww B I-¼-\n-bp-sS am-t\-Pv -saân-sâ aq-ey t_m-[-hpw A-Xv Hm-tcm Po-h-\ -¡m-cn -te-¡pw ]-IÀ-¯p-¶-XnÂ

D-Å hn-P-b-hp-am-Wv. Hm-tcm Po-h-\-¡m-cpw a-\-Êp-sIm-ïv ÌmÀ-«-¸v I-¼-\n-bp-sS aq-ey-§Ä G-sä-Sp-¡-Ww. D-Zm-l-c-W-¯n-\v F-´v B-h-iy-¯n-\v th-ïn B-sW-¦n-epw tIm-g \Â-In-Ã F-¶v I-¼-\n Xo-cp-am-\n-¡p-I am-{X-a-Ã B Nn-́ m-K-Xn Hm-tcm Po-h-\-¡m-cn-epw h-fÀ-̄ n-sb-Sp-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿p-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ F-{X a-l-\o-b-am-b hy-àn-Xz-§-fm-Wv B ÌmÀ-«-¸nÂ \n-¶pw D-S-se-Sp-¡p-I! Xp-S-§p-t¼mÄ Cu B-i-bw ]n³-]-äp-¶ 10 t]À D-ïm-bn-cp-¶p F-¦nÂ h-f-cp-t¼mÄ A-Xv \q-dv A-sÃ-¦nÂ B-bn-c-am-bn am-dmw. A-Xm-Wv aq-ey t_m-[-̄ n-sâ i-àn. tImÀ hm-eyqhn-\p {]m-[m-\yw \Â-Ip-¶ I-¼-\n-I-fnÂ \n-¶v B-fp-IÄ cm-Pn sh-¨v t]m-Ip-¶-XnÂ h-en-b Xm-ev-]-cyw Im-Wn-¡m-dn-Ã.

3. 80:20 F-¶ \n-b-a-¯n-sâ i-àn

1906Â C-äm-en-b³ F-¡-tWm-an-Ìm-b hnÂ-{^-tUm ]-td-täm _n-kn-\-kv k-aq-l-¯n-\p kw-`m-h-\ sN-bv-X Cu X-Xzw H-cp-cp-¯-cp-tS-bpw kz-Im-cy Po-hn-X-̄ n-epw _n-kn-\-kv kw-cw-̀ -̄ n-epw H-cp-t]m-se D-]-I-cn-¡pw. D-Zm-l-c-W-¯n-\v Xm-¦Ä D-]-t`m-

àm-hm-Im³ km-[y-X-bp-Å ]-̄ v t]-sc F-¦n-epw I-ïp ]p-Xn-b kw-cw-̀ -̄ n-sâ A-sÃ-¦nÂ D-ev-]-¶-¯n-sâ Kp-W ta-·-IÄ hn-h-cn-̈ mÂ am-{X-ta c-ïp t]-sc-¦n-epw Xm-¦-fp-sS D-]-t`m-àm-hv B-hp-I-bp-Åq. A-Xv t]m-se X-s¶ H-cp hÀ-jw Xm-¦Ä D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶ s{U-Êp-I-fp-sS I-W-¡v F-Sp-̄ mÂ Xm-¦-fp-sS ssI-bnÂ D-Å 20 % h-kv-{X-§Ä B-bn-cn-¡pw 80% {]m-h-iy-hpw [-cn-¡p-¶p-ïm-hp-I. C-Xv t]m-se Po-hn-X-̄ n-sâ Hm-tcm Im-cy-§-fn-epw Cu \n-b-aw _m-[-I-am-hpw. Xm-¦-fp-sS Po-h-\-¡m-cnÂ 20% t]À B-bn-cn-¡pw {]-[m-\-s¸-« 80% tPm-en-I-fpw sN-¿p-¶p-ïm-hp-I. A-Xv t]m-se, B-sI hn-ev-]-\-bp-sS 80 % e-`n-¡p-¶-Xv 20% D-]-t`m-àm-¡-fnÂ \n-¶m-bn-cn-¡pw. Cu ]-d-ª D-Zm-l-c-W-§-fnÂ \n-¶v X-s¶ Cu 80 : 20 sâ {]m-[m-\ywa-\-Ên-em-¡mw. C-Xv Xp-S-¡w ap-XÂ X-s¶ {]m-hÀ-¯n-I-am-¡p-I-bpw k-aÀ-°-am-bn D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿p-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ ÌmÀ-«-¸v h-f-sc \-Ã H-cp \n-e-bnÂ F-¯pw F-¶ Im-cy-¯nÂ H-cp kw-i-b-hpw th-ï. k-Xy-̄ nÂ C-Xn-s\ ¡p-dn-̈ p F-gp-Xm³ H-cp {]-tXy-I te-J-\ ]-c-¼-c X-s¶ th-ïn h-cpw. A-{X-am-{Xw i-à-hpw ÌmÀ-«-¸v kw-cw-`-§Ä-¡v D-]-Im-c-{]-Z-hp-am-Wv Cu co-Xn.

4. kp-{]-[m-\ {]-I-S-\ kq-N-I-§Ä

ÌmÀ-«-¸v kw-cw-`-¯n-sâ {]-I-S-\w A-f-¡p-¶-Xn-\v H-cp kq-Nn-I th-tï? A-f-hp-tImÂ A-sÃ-¦nÂ am-\-Z-Þw C-Ãm-sX sh-dp-sX H-cp ÌmÀ-«-̧ v Xp-S-§n A-Xv C-§-s\ sIm-ïv t]m-bn-«v Im-cy-ap-tïm? Cu-bn-sS F-s¶ Im-Wp-hm³ th-ïn H-cp kw-cw-̀ -I³ h-¶n-cp-¶p. A-t±-l-̄ n-\v \-ho-I-c-W X-{´w (revamp strategy) sa-\-b-Ww F-¶ B-h-iy-hp-am-bm-Wv h-¶-Xv. G-Xv k-a-b-hpw A-t±-l-¯n-sâ A-¡u-ïnÂ C-cp-]-Xv e-£w cq-] Iym-jv B-bn D-ïm-hpw F-¶pw ]-d-ªp. A-t¸mÄ B C-cp-]-Xv e-£w cq-] th-sd H-cp A-¡u-ïn-te-¡v \m-sf X-s¶ am-äq A-Xv sh-̈ p-sIm-ïv \-ho-I-c-W-{]-{In-b ¡v Xp-S-¡-an-Smw F-¶v ]-d-ª-t¸mÄ I-eym¬-Pn A-Xv i-cn-bm-hn-Ã \m-sf Nn-e Nn-e-hp-IÄ XoÀ-¡m-\p-ïv F-¶v ]-d-ªp. A-t¸mÄ \m-sf th-ï A-Sp-¯ B-gv-N am-än-sh-¡q F-¶v ]-d-ª-t¸mÄ

]-d-ª-Xv A-Xv H-«pw ]-än-Ã i-¼-fw sIm-Sp-¡m-\p-Å B-gv-N-bm-Wv F-¶m-bn-cp-¶p. Np-cp-¡-¯nÂ A-t±-lw ]-d-bp-¶ C-cp-]-Xv e-£w _p-¡nÂ D-ïv ]-s£ ssI-bnÂ C-Ã F-¶p-Å-Xm-Wv k-Xyw. C-Xn-\p {]-[m-\ Im-c-Ww F-´m-Wv? kw-cw-`-¯n-\v s]m-Xp-hm-tbm Hm-tcm h-Ip-¸n-\v {]-tXy-In-t¨m H-cp KPI C-Ã F-¶-Xv X-s¶. Hm-tcm Po-h-\-¡mÀ-¡pw C-Xv t]m-se A-h-cnÂ \n-¶pw F-´m-Wv {]-Xo-£n-¡p-¶-Xv A-h-cp-sS \n-e-hm-c kq-Nn-I F-´m-Wv F-¶v Ir-Xy-am-bn cq-]-s -̧Sp-̄ n-bmÂ ]n-s¶ F-s -́¦n-epw Nn-́ m-Ip-g-̧ -̄ n-\v h-gn D-ïm-hn-Ã. Hm-tcm-cp-̄ -cp-sS-bpw {]-I-S-\-̄ nÂ Ip-d-ª-Xv A-©p a-S-s§-¦n-epw h-cv-[-\-hp-ïm-hpw. A-Xv XoÀ-̈ -bm-bpw I-¼-\n-bp-sS {]-hÀ-¯-\-¯n-epw {]-Xn-^-en-¡pw. Cu KPI XoÀ-¨-bm-bpw I-¼-\n-bp-sS kn-C-H, Fw-Un F-¶n-hÀ-¡pw _m-[-I-am-Wv

5. Po-h-\-¡m-cp-sS \n-b-a-\w

H-cp ÌmÀ-«-¸v kw-cw-`-I³ G-ä-hpw h-en-b sX-äv sN-¿p-¶-Xv C-hn-sS-bm-Wv. km-[m-c-W K-Xn-bnÂ ÌmÀ-«-¸n-Â Po-h-\-¡m-cm-bn h-cm³ ]-e-cpw Xm-ev-]-cyw {]-I-Sn-̧ n-¡m-dn-Ã. A-Xn-\p Im-c-Ww dn-k-v-Iv Iq-Sp-X-em-Wv,F-{X Im-ew D-ïm-hpw F-¶-dn-bn-Ã F-s¶m-s¡-bp-Å tXm-¶-ep-IÄ X-s¶. ]-s£ C-tX ÌmÀ-«-¸v H-cp h³ hn-P-b-am-Ip-t¼mÄ C-XnÂ Xp-S-¡w ap-XÂ D-Å Po-h-\-¡mÀ-¡m-bn-cn-¡pw A-Xn-sâ ^-ew e-`n-¡p-I. {]-tXy-In-¨v i-¼-f hÀ-[-\, I-¼-\n-bnÂ sj-bÀ \Â-Ip-I F-¶o L-«-§-fnÂ ]-e ÌmÀ-«-¸v Po-h-\-¡m-cpw tem-«-dn A-Sn-¨ t]m-se D-Å Øn-Xn bnÂ F-¯p-¶-Xv Rm³ I-ïn-«p-ïv. ]-s£, ta-ev-]-d-ª Nn-e Im-c-W-§Ä sIm-ïv ]-e I-gn-hp-Å Po-h-\-¡m-cpw ÌmÀ-«-̧ v kw-cw-̀ -§-fnÂ tN-cm³ Xm-ev-]-cyw {]-I-Sn-̧ n-¡m-dn-Ã. A-t¸mÄ Po-h-\-¡m-cp-sS \n-e-hm-c-̄ nÂ sh-Åw tNÀ-t¡-ï H-cp Øn-Xn hn-ti-jw kw-Pm-X-am-hp-¶p. A-Xv I-¼-\n-bp-sS {]-hÀ-¯-\-s¯ _m-[n-¡m-\pw km-[y-X-bp-ïv. th-sd h-en-b H-cp {]-iv-\w, ]-e ÌmÀ-«-¸v-I-fpw Xp-S-§p-t¼mÄ X-s¶ IIT A-sÃ-¦nÂ IIM CÂ \n-¶pw ]Tn-¨ hy-àn-I-sf D-¶-X ]-Z-hn-bnÂ A-h-tcm-[n-¡pw. A-hÀ-¡v Hm-tcm am-k-hpw sIm-Sp-t¡-ï i-¼-fw X-s¶ sam-¯ h-cp-am-\-¯n-sâ 60 ap-XÂ 70 i-X-am-\w h-sc h-cpw. kw-cw-`w Xp-S-§p-¶ k-a-b-¯v X-s¶ C-Xv t]m-se c-ïp t]-sc \n-b-an-¨mÂ R & D ¡pw amÀ-s¡-änw-Kn-\pw am-än sh-t¡-ï Xp-I ap-gp-h³ C-hÀ-¡v i-¼-f-am-bn \Â-tI-ïn h-cpw. B-Zy-s¯ 2 þ 3 am-kw C-Xn-sâ _p-²n-ap-«v A-dn-bn-sÃ-¦n-epw A-Xv I-gn-bp-t¼mÄ C-hÀ-¡v \Â-Ip-¶ i-¼-fw F-{X am-{Xw km-¼-̄ n-I _m-[y-X h-cp-̄ n sh-¡p-¶p-ïv F-¶v {]-I-S-am-bn Im-Wm³ ]-äpw. X-Åm-\pw sIm-Åm-\pw ]-äm-¯ A-h-Ø-bm-hpw ^-ew. C-Xv sIm-ïv X-s¶ I-gn-h-Xpw Xp-S-¡-¯nÂ taÂ ]-d-ª co-Xn-bnÂ D-Å Po-h-\-¡m-sc F-Sp-¡m-sX C-cn-¡p-I. Cu A-©p Im-cy-§Ä a-\-Ên-cp-¯n H-cp saâ-dp-sS k-lm-b-t¯m-sS ÌmÀ-«-¸vIÄ sN-¿p-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ H-cp Im-cyw Rm³ D-d-¸v X-cp-¶p. Xp-S-¡-¯nÂ ]-d-ª 9 /10 CÂ \n-§-fp-sS ÌmÀ-«-¸v D-ïm-hn-Ã.


sk{I-«dn_nt\jv H.-hn.

9447625231

{]kn-Uâ vhn. APn-XvIp-amÀ

9447840780

Ønc \nt£-]-§Ä¡v Gähpw DbÀ¶ ]eni \nc¡v

\nt£-]-§Ä¡v C³jq-d³kv ]cn-c£

sa¼ÀamÀ¡v 20% em`-hn-lnXw \ÂIn-h-cp-¶p.

GXm-h-iy-§Ä¡p-apÅ hmbv]-IÄ Gähpw thK-¯nÂ 20 e£w hsc

7% apXÂ kzÀ®-¸-Wb hmbv] ]h\v 31000 cq] hsc

IIpdª \nc-¡nÂ tk^v tem¡À kuI-cyw.

anI¨ {]hÀ¯-\-¯n\v Ht«sd

]pc-kvIm-c-§Ä t\Snb kwLw

RTGS / NEFT kwhn-[m-\w ]qÀ®-ambpw kuP-\y-am-bn.

Ae-\-ÃqÀ kl-I-cWAÀº³ s{IUnäv skmsskän¢n]vXw \¼À ]n. 1215, ]n.-H. Ae-\-ÃqÀ, ]me-¡mSv PnÃt^m¬ : 04924-262377

cp I-¼-\n c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-¿-Ww'' \o-Xp-hn-sâ B-h-iy-am-Wv--. BÄ H-cp _n-kn-\-kv Xp-S-§m³ t]m-Ip-¶p. A-Xn-\p-Å ap-s¶m-cp-¡-§-fn-em-Wv.""F-´v _n-kn-\-km-Wv?'' Rm³ tNm-Zn-¨p.""C-Ã, [m-c-W-bm-bn-«n-Ã. \-sÃm-cp B-i-bw I-sï-̄ -Ww. A-Xn-sâ B-Zy ]-Sn-bm-bn-«m-Wv I-¼-\n cq-]o-I-c-Ww. I-¼-\n-bp-sS t]-scm-s¡ I-sï-¯n-¡-gn-ªp A-Xv c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-¿m³ k-lm-bn-¡-Ww.'' \o-Xp-hn-sâ A-`yÀ-°-\. \o-Xp-hn-s\-t¸m-se F-{X-tbm-t]-sc \-½p-sS ]m-X-bnÂ-I-ïp-ap-«n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. _n-kn-\-kv Xp-S-§m³ A-Z-ay-am-b A-`n-\n-th-i-hpw B-th-i-hp-am-bn \-S-¡p-¶-hÀ. ]-s£ F-hn-sS Xp-S-§-Ww F-¶-dn-bm-sX D-g-ep-¶-hÀ. A-sÃ-¦nÂ Xp-S-t§-ïn-S-¯p \n-¶p sN-bv-Xp Xp-S-§m-¯-hÀ. C-Xv a-\-¸qÀ-Æw kw-`-hn-¡p-¶ sX-ä-Ã. F-hn-sS \n-¶v B-cw-`n-¡-W-sa-¶pw F-hn-sS sIm-sï-¯n-¡-W-sa-¶pw hy-à-am-b [m-c-W _n-kn-\-kv Xp-S-

§m³ t]m-Ip-¶ H-cmÄ-¡v-- B-h-iy-ap-ïv. . F-́ v _n-kn-\-kv sN-¿-W-sa-¶v \n-Ý-bn-¡p-¶-Xn-\v ap³-t] A-Xv I-¼-\n-bm-bn Xp-S-§-W-sa-¶v \n-Ý-bn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. F-́ n-\m-Wv I-¼-\n-bm-bn Xp-S-§p-¶-sX-t¶m G-Xm-Wv X-\n-¡v tbm-Pn-̈ _n-kn-\-kv D-S-a-Øm-h-Im-i-cq-]w F-t¶m bm-sXm-cp [m-c-W-bpw D-ïm-Im-sX-bn-cn-¡p-I. A-§-s\ Xp-S-§p-t¼mÄ ̀ m-hn-bnÂ D-ïm-Ip-hm-\n-S-bp-Å ' {]-iv-\-§-sf-¡p-dn-t¨m k-¦oÀ-®-X-I-sf-¡p-dn-t¨m A-dn-hn-Ãm-sX-bn-cn-¡p-I. C-sXm-s¡ km-[m-c-W kw-̀ -hn-¡p-¶ ]n-i-Ip-I-fm-Wv. _n-kn-\-kv B-cw-`n-¡p-t¼mÄ G-sXm-s¡ {]-{In-b-I-fn-eq-sS L-«w L-«-am-bn I-S-¶p-t]m-bmÂ Xp-S-¡w F-§-s\ `w-Kn-bm-¡m-sa-¶pw hn-P-b am-Xr-I-bm-Ip-hm³ I-gn-bp-¶ H-cp _n-kn-\-kn-\v F-§-s\ \-sÃm-cp A-Sn-¯-d sI-«n-¸-Sp-¡m-sa-¶pw A-dn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv Kp-W-I-c-am-Ipw. C-hn-sS ]-cm-aÀ-in-¡p-¶ ]-Xn-\m-dv ]-S-hp-IÄ kw-cw-`-I-Xz-¯n-te-¡v Im-se-Sp-¯p sh-¡p-¶ Hm-tcm-cp-¯À-¡pw {]-tbm-P-\-I-c-am-Ip-sa-¶p X-s¶ I-cp-Xmw.

kw-cw-`-I-Xz-¯n-te-¡p-Å]-Xn-\m-dv ]-S-hp-IÄ

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kp-[oÀ _m-_pamt\PnwKv UbdÎÀ Uo hmeÀ amt\Pvsaâv I¬kÄ«âvkv (ss{]) enanäUv9895144120


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1. C-ã-s¸-Sp-¶ / tbm-Pn-¨ B-i-b-§Ä I-sï-¯p-I

I-gn-hn-\pw A-̀ n-\n-th-i-̄ n-\pw A-̀ n-cp-Nn-¡pw tbm-Pn-̈ _n-kn-\-kv B-i-b-§Ä I-sï-̄ p-I-bm-Wv H-¶m-a-s¯ ]-S-hn-sâ e-Iv--jyw. C-hn-sS H-cm-i-ba-Ã, a-dn-¨v H-¶nÂ Iq-Sp-XÂ B-i-b-§-fm-Wv I-sï-¯p-¶-Xv A-dn-hn³-sâ-bpw A-\p-`-h-¯n-sâ-bpw ]T-\-¯n-sâ-bpw sh-fn-¨-¯n-em-Wv B-i-b-§-sf I-sï-t¯-ï-Xv--. X-\n-¡v F-´v sN-¿p-hm³ I-gn-bp-sa-¶pw X³-sd t]m-¡-än-\v tbm-Pn-̈ -sX-¶pw t_m-²y-am-Ip-¶ B-i-b-§-sf C-hn-sS I-sï-¯p-I-bpw Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿p-I.

2. B-i-b-§-sf {]m-Y-an-I ]T-\-¯n-\v hn-t[-b-am-¡p-I Xn-c-sª-Sp-̄ B-i-b-§-sf {]m-Y-an-I-am-b H-cp K-th-j-W-̄ n-\v hn-t[-b-am-¡p-I-bm-Wv C-hn-sS sN-¿p-¶-Xv. Hm-tcm B-i-b-s¯ Ip-dn-¨pw hn-i-Z-am-b ]T-\w B-h-iy-ap-ïv. F-Ãm B-i-b-§-tf-bpw kzo-I-cn-¡p-I-bpw _n-kn-\-kv Xp-S-§p-I-bpw sN-¿p-I {]m-tbm-Kn-I-a-Ã. A-Xp-sIm-ïv B-Zy ]-S-hnÂ Xn-c-sª-Sp-¯-XnÂ \n-¶pw an-I-¨ B-i-b-§-sf A-cn-s¨-Sp-¡p-I-bm-Wv Cu ]T-\-¯n-sâ e-Iv--jyw. \mw Xn-c-sª-Sp-̄ B-i-b-§-fp-sS hn-P-b am-Xr-I-IÄ \n-e-hn-ep-sï-¦nÂ A-h XoÀ-̈ -bm-bpw k-µÀ-in-¨n-cn-¡-Ww. Hm-tcm B-i-b-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pw A-Xm-Xv ta-J-e-I-fn-ep-Å hn-Z-Kv-²-cp-sS D-]-tZ-i-§Ä tX-S-Ww. Hm-tcm _n-kn-\-kn-\pw B-h-iy-ap-Å C³-{^m-kv-{S-Iv-NÀ F-s´m-s¡-bm-Wv, b-{´-§Ä G-sXm-s¡-bm-Wv F-¶-dn-b-Ww. A-kw-k-v-Ir-X h-kv-Xp-¡-fp-sS e-`y-X, D-Xv-]-¶-§-fp-sS hn-]-Wn, A-Xn³-sd km-[y-X-IÄ, hn-]-Wn-bnÂ A-̀ n-ap-Jo-I-cn-¡m³ t]m-Ip-¶ {]iv-\-§Ä, F-Xn-cm-fn-IÄ , D-Xv-]m-Z-\ {]-{In-b, B-h-iy-am-b aq-e-[-\w F-¶n-h-sb-¡p-dn-s¨-Ãmw hy-à-am-bn a-\-kn-em-¡-Ww. Cu ]-S-hn-eq-sS B-g-̄ n-epw AÀ-°-h-̄ m-bpw \-S-¯p-¶ bm-{X-bm-Wv ]n-¶o-Sv _n-kn-\-kv hn-P-b-¯n-

sâ aq-e-¡-Ãm-bn am-dp-¶-Xv.

3. B-i-b-§-sf tjmÀ-«v-en-Ìv sN-¿p-I

c-ïm-a-s¯ ]-S-hn-eq-sS-bp-Å bm-{X \-ap-¡v h-en-sbm-cp DÄ-¡m-gv-N {]-Zm-\w sN-bv-Xn-cn-¡p-¶p. Hm-tcm B-i-b-s -̄¡p-dn-̈ pw G-I-tZ-i [m-c-W h-¶p-I-gn-ªp. Nn-e B-i-b-§Ä C-t¸mÄ A-{X B-IÀ-j-I-a-Ãm-sX-bm-bn am-dn-bn-cn-¡mw. Nn-e-Xv Iq-Sp-XÂ B-IÀ-j-I-am-bn tXm-¶mw. ]T-\-¯n-sâ ]n³-_-e-¯nÂ B-i-b-§-sf tjmÀ-«v-en-Ìv sN-¿p-I. Nn-e B-i-b-§Ä C-t¸mÄ H-gn-hm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. C-\n Cu Np-cp-¡-¸-«n-I-bp-am-bm-Wv \mw A-Sp-¯ ]-S-hn-te-¡v \o-§p-¶-Xv--.

4. B-i-b-§-fp-sS hn-e-bn-cp-¯Â

tjmÀ-«v en-Ìv sN-bv-X B-i-b-§-sf B-g-¯nÂ hn-e-bn-cp-t -̄ï-Xp-ïv. Hm-tcm B-i-b-̄ n-sâ-bpw A-Xo-h {]m-[m-\y-ap-Å aq-¶p hn-j-b-§Ä ]Tn-¨v hn-i-I-e-\w sN-t¿-ï-Xp-ap-ïv--. A-h F-s´m-s¡-sb-¶v t\m-¡mw.a. Desirabilityb. Feasibilityc. Viability

Hm-tcm B-i-b-¯n-sâ-bpw ap-I-fnÂ ]-d-ª aq-¶v L-S-I-§-tf-bpw {]-tXyIw hn-e-bn-cp-t¯-ï-Xp-ïv. Hm-tcm-¶pw Hm-tcm _n-kn-\-kn-epw hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn-cn-¡pw. D-Xv-]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-hm³ t]m-Ip-¶ D-Xv-]-¶-§Ä D-]-t`m-àm-¡Ä-¡v B-h-iy-ap-Å-Xm-tWm? (Desirability)._n-kn-\-kv {]m-hÀ-¯n-I-am-¡p-hm³ I-gn-bp-¶ km-t¦-Xn-I ku-I-cy-§Ä e-`y-am-tWm? (Feasibility).km-¼-¯n-I-am-bn _n-kn-\-kv hn-P-bn-¡p-tam? (Viability). F-¶ G-ä-hpw Im-X-em-b tNm-Zy-§Ä-¡v C-hn-sS D-¯-cw e-`n-¡p-¶p. Cu ]-S-hnÂ hn-Z-Kv-[-cp-sS k-lm-bw B-h-iy-sa-¦nÂ tX-Sm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.


5. G-ä-hpw an-I-¨ B-i-b-s¯ Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡p-¶p

\m-em-a-s¯ ]-S-hv \-ap-¡p-Ån-ep-ïm-bn-cp-¶ H-cp-]m-Sv tNm-Zy-§Ä-¡v D-¯-cw \Â-In-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. \-½p-sS ]-«n-I-bn-se Hm-tcm B-i-b-hpw ssI-sh-Å t]m-se kp-]-cn-Nn-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. \-½Ä Xp-S-§n-bn-S-¯p \n-¶pw Ip-sd-tb-sd ap-¶n-te-¡v-- k-©-cn-̈ p I-gn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. A-Sn-̄ -«v Im-Wm-hp-¶ P-em-i-bw t]m-se sX-fn-a-bp-Å-Xm-bn \-½p-sS A-dn-hv am-dn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. G-Xv _n-kn-\-kv th-Ww F-¶v C-t¸mÄ Xn-cn-¨-dn-bm³ km-[n-¡p-¶p-ïv. G-ä-hpw an-I-¨, hn-P-b km-[y-X-bp-Å H-cp B-i-b-s¯ am-{Xw \m-em-a-s¯ ]-S-hv \Â-In-b A-I-I-®p-am-bn \mw Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡p-¶p. C-Xm-Wv \-½p-sS _n-kn-\-kv. C-Xp-am-bn ap-t¶m-«v t]m-hp-I-bm-Wv. B-i-b-§-fnÂ hy-à-X h-¶p I-gn-ªp. H-¶m-a-s¯ ]-S-hnÂ \mw I-sï-¯n-b ]-e B-i-b-§-fnÂ \n-¶v \-½-fn-t¸mÄ G-ä-hpw an-I-¨ H-tc-sbm-cp B-i-b-¯n-te-¡v F-¯-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.

6. _n-kn-\-kv ¹m³ X-¿m-dm-¡mw

C-t¸mÄ I-gn-ª ]-S-hnÂ Xn-c-sª-Sp-̄ B-i-b-̄ n-sâ hn-i-Z-am-b H-cp _n-kn-\-kv ¹m³ X-¿m-dm-¡p-hm³ t]m-Ip-I-bm-Wv. H-cm-i-bw XoÀ-̈ -s -̧Sp-̄ n-¡-gn-ªp. A-Xp-am-bn D-S-s\ Nm-Sn-bn-d-§p-I-b-Ã th-ï-Xv. Im-cy-§Ä Ip-d-̈ p Iq-Sn hy-à-am-b H-cp N-«-¡q-Sn-te-¡v-- H-Xp-t¡-ï-Xp-ïv. ]Tn-¨vv, hn-i-I-e-\w sN-bv-Xp hn-e-bn-cp-¯n-b h-kv-Xp-X-IÄ H-cp _n-kn-\-kv ¹m-\m-¡n ]-cn-hÀ-̄ -\w sN-¿p-I-bm-Wv C-hn-sS. C-\n ]-d-bp-¶ Im-cy-§Ä _n-kn-\-kv ¹m-\nÂ DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯mw.

a. _n-kn-\-kv A-`n-kw-t_m-[-\ sN-¿p-¶ D-]-t`m-àm-hn-sâ {]-iv-\w (The Problem).b. _n-kn-\-kv B-i-bw ap-t¶m-«p sh-¡p-¶ ]-cn-lm-cw (The Solution).c. e-£yw sh-¡p-¶ D-]-t`m-àm-¡Ä (Targeted Audience).d. hn-]-Wn-bp-sS h-ep-̧ -hpw A-h-k-c-§-fpw (Market Size & Opportunities).e. amÀ-¡-änw-Kv X-{´-§Ä (Marketing Strategies).f. F-Xn-cm-fn-IÄ (Competitors).g. _n-kn-\-kv am-Xr-I (Business Model).h. h-cp-am-\ am-Xr-I (Revenue Model).i. km-¼-¯n-I _-P-äv (Budget).

B-dm-a-s¯ ]-S-hv I-gn-bp-¶-tXm-sS \mw Xn-c-sª-Sp-¯ B-i-b-¯n-sâ _n-kn-\-kv cq-]w G-I-tZ-iw ]qÀ-®-X-bnÂ F-¯n-¡-gn-ªp. _n-kn-\-kn-\v hy-à-am-b H-cp B-Ir-Xn cq-]-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. _n-kn-\-kn-sâ ]m-X-bnÂ I-S-¶p h-cm³ km-[y-X-

bp-Å {]-iv-\-§-sf Ip-sd-sbm-s¡ Xn-cn-¨-dn-bm³ km-[n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Øn-c aq-e-[-\-hpw {]-hÀ-¯-\ aq-e-[-\-hpw A-h-bp-sS t{km-X-kp-sam-s¡ I-W-¡p Iq-«n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. C-Xv ap-t¶m-«p-Å {]-bm-W-¯nÂ Zo-]-kv-Xw-`-am-bn hÀ-¯n-¡pw.

7. [-\ k-lm-b-§Ä, k-_v-kn-Un ap-X-em-b-h

_n-kn-\-kn-sâ {]-Ir-X-¯n-\-\p-k-cn-¨v e-`y-am-Ip-¶ hm-bv-¸-IÄ, k-_v-kn-Un, ]-en-i-bpw Xn-cn-¨-S-hpw, A-h e-`y-am-Ip-¶-Xn-\m-bp-Å B-h-iy-I-X-IÄ, A-Xp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-« {]-{In-b-IÄ F-¶n-h-bm-Wv Cu ]-S-hnÂ \mw a-\-kn-em-t¡-ï-Xv. \n-e-hn-ep-Å [-\-k-lm-b ]-²-Xn-I-fnÂ \n-¶p bp-à-am-b, {]-tbm-P-\-I-c-am-b H-¶n-s\ I-sï-̄ p-I-bm-Wv e-£yw. C-Xn-\m-bn [-\-Im-cy Øm-]-\-§-tf-bpw kÀ-¡mÀ kw-hn-[m-\-§-tf-bpw k-ao-]n-¡mw. _n-kn-\-kn-\v A-\p-cq-]-

am-b [-\-k-lm-b ]-²-Xn-IÄ Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡p-hm³ A-hÀ k-lm-bn-¡pw.

8. hn-Z-Kv-²-cp-tS-bpw Øm-]-\-§-fp-tS-bpw ]-«n-I

_n-kn-\-kv bm-{X-bnÂ \-ap-¡v ]n-´p-W \-ev-Im³ I-gn-bp-¶ hn-hn-[ ta-J-e-I-fn-ep-Å hn-Z-Kv-²-cp-tS-bpw Øm-]-\-§-fp-tS-bpw H-cp ]-«n-I X-¿m-dm-¡p-I-bm-Wv Cu ]-S-hnÂ \mw sN-¿p-¶-Xv. t\-c-s¯ I-S-¶p-t]m-¶ ]-S-hp-I-fn-eq-sS C-Xn-\p-Å A-dn-hp-IÄ \-½Ä ti-J-cn-̈ n-«p-ïm-Ipw. C-̄ -cw hn-h-c-§Ä k-am-l-cn-̈ v G-Xv k-a-b-¯pw D-]-tbm-Kn-¡m-hp-¶ X-c-¯n-ep-Å H-cp tIm-ïm-Iv-äv en-Ìv B-¡n am-ä-Ww. b-{´-§Ä, A-kw-k-v-Ir-X h-kv-Xp-¡Ä, km-t¦-Xn-I k-lm-bw \Â-Ip-¶-hÀ, [-\-Im-cy Øm-]-\-§Ä, A-hn-sS _-Ô-s¸-tS-ï hy-àn-IÄ, hy-h-km-b hn-Z-Kv-[À, [-\-Im-cy hn-Z-Kv-[À Xp-S-§n _n-kn-\-knÂ B-h-iyw h-cp-¶-h-cp-¶ F-Ãm-h-cp-tS-bpw hn-h-c-§Ä ti-J-cn-̈ v H-cp ]-«n-I-bm-¡n kq-£n-¡mw.

9.aq-e-[-\ L-S-\ X-¿m-dm-¡p-I

B-h-iy-am-bn h-cp-¶ Øn-c, {]-hÀ-¯-\ aq-e-[-\-s¯-¡p-dn-¨v \-ap-¡n-t¸mÄ hy-à-am-b Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-ïv. ]-²-Xn-¡v e-̀ y-am-Ip-¶ [-\-k-lm-b ]-²-Xn-I-fpw a-\-kn-em-¡n. C-\n _n-kn-\-kn-sâ aq-e-[-\ L-S-\ X-¿m-dm-¡p-I F-¶-Xm-Wv Cu ]-S-hnÂ sN-t¿-ï-Xv. kw-cw-`-I³ F-{X aq-e-[-\w \n-t£-]n-¡-Ww, F-{X hm-bv-] F-Sp-¡-Ww F-s¶m-s¡ Cu L-«-¯nÂ Xo-cp-am-\n-¡mw. _n-kn-\-kn-\v A-\p-bp-à-am-b H-cp aq-e-[-\ L-S-\ Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡p-hm³ [-\-Im-cy hn-Z-Kv-²-cp-sS k-lm-bw B-h-iy-sa-¦nÂ tX-Sm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. _n-kn-\-kv ¹m³ X-¿m-dm-¡p-t¼mÄ \mw cq-]o-I-cn-̈ L-S-\ ]p-Xn-b A-dn-hp-I-fp-sS sh-fn-¨-¯nÂ ]p-\-{I-


ao-I-cn-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.

10. A-\p-a-Xn-I-fpw c-Pn-kv-t{S-j-\p-I-fpw

_n-kn-\-kn-\v B-h-iy-am-b A-\p-a-Xn-I-fpw c-Pn-kv-t{S-j-\p-I-fpw ap³-K-W-\m-{I-a-̄ nÂ X-¿m-dm-¡-Ww. ̀ m-hn-sb-¡q-Sn ap-¶nÂ I-ïv B-h-iy-am-b F-Ãm \n-b-am-\p-kr-X Hu-]-Nm-cn-X-I-fpw ]qÀ-̄ o-I-cn-t¡-ï-Xp-ïv. _n-kn-\-kv ZoÀ-L-Im-ew \n-e-\nÂ-t¡-ï-Xm-Wv. \n-b-a-{]-iv-\-§Ä D-S-se-Sp-¯mÂ A-Xv _n-kn-\-kn-s\ tZm-j-I-c-am-bn _m-[n-¡pw F-¶ ZoÀ-L ZÀ-in-Xzw D-ïm-h-Ww. ]n-¶o-Sm-Imw F-¶ \n-e-]m-Sv kw-cw-̀ -I³ H-cn-¡-epw kzo-I-cn-¡p-hm³ ]m-Sp-Å-X-Ã. A-Xp-sIm-ïv X-s¶ \n-km-c-sa-¶p tXm-¶p-¶ A-\p-a-Xn-IÄ t]m-epw ]-«n-I-bnÂ DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯-Ww.

11. _n-kn-\-knsâ D-S-a-Øm-h-Im-i cq-]w

Cu ]-S-hnÂ am-{X-ta \-½Ä _n-kn-\-kn-sâ D-S-a-Øm-h-Im-i cq-]-s -̄¡p-dn-̈ v Nn-́ n-t¡-ï B-h-iy-ap-Åq. [-\-k-lm-b ]-²-Xn-I-fpw k-_v-kn-Un-I-fpw {]-Xy-£ ]-tcm-£ \n-Ip-Xn-I-fp-sa-Ãmw Cu Xo-cp-am-\-s¯ kzm-[o-\n-¡pw. F-Sp-̄ p-Nm-Sn B-Zy-ta X-s¶ c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-¿p-¶-Xv ]-e Kp-W-]-c-am-b B-\p-Iq-ey-§-fpw e-`y-am-Ip-¶-Xn-\v hn-e-§p-X-Sn-bm-Ipw. ap³-]-S-hp-I-fn-eq-sS I-S-¶p t]m-cp-t¼mÄ G-Xp-X-cw D-S-a-Øm-h-Im-i cq-]-am-Wv A-\p-tbm-Py-sa-¶v Xn-cn-¨-dn-bm³ kw-cw-`-I-\v km-[n-¡p-¶p. s{]m-ss{]-äÀ-jn-¸v, ]mÀ-«v-WÀ-jn-¸v, FÂ FÂ ]n , ss{]-h-äv en-an-ä-Uv I-¼-\n C-h-bnÂ F-Xv th-W-sa-¶v Nn-́ n-̈ v B-[n-Im-cn-I-am-bn hn-Z-Kv-t[m-]-tZ-i-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn Xo-cp-am-\w ssI-s¡m-Åmw.

12. hym-]m-c \m-aw Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡Â

H-cp t]-cn-sâ B-h-iyw C-hn-sS-bm-Wv-- h-cp-¶-Xv. I-¼-\n-¡pw D-Xv-]-¶-̄ n-\pw H-tc t]-cv th-W-tam A-tXm hy-Xy-kv-X-am-I-tWm F-s¶m-s¡ NÀ-¨ sN-bv-Xv A-\p-tbm-Py-am-b t]-cp-IÄ Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡mw. tem-Iw C-¶v H-scm-ä hn-]-Wn-bm-Wv F-¶ Im-gv-N-¸m-Sv t]-cv Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡p-t¼mÄ D-ïm-h-Ww. tem-Iw ap-gp-h³ A-dn-b-s¸-tS-ï H-cp {_m³-Uv B-bn am-dm³ I-gn-bpw F-¶ B-ß-hn-izm-k-¯nÂ X-s¶ t]-cn-SÂ IÀ-½w \nÀ-Æ-ln-¡-Ww. _n-kn-\-kn-sâ ]m-X-bnÂ ]n-¶o-Sv H-cp \m-a am-äw A-{X F-fp-̧ -am-hn-Ã F-¶-Xv Cu L-«-¯nÂ HmÀ-½-bp-ïm-h-Ww.

13. t]-cpw _u-²n-Ikz-¯p-¡-fpwkp-c-£n-X-am-¡p-I

hym-]m-c \m-a-hpw hym-]m-c Nn-Ó-hpw (Logo) kp-c-£n-X-am-¡p-I-bm-Wv A-Sp-¯ {]-hr-¯n. t]-cpw tem-tKm-bpw a-äp _u-²n-I kz-̄ p-¡-fpw (Patent, Design, Copyright etc) kp-c-£n-X-am-bn c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-¿-Ww. \-½Ä h-f-cp-¶ L-«-¯nÂ a-äp-Å-hÀ \-½p-sS t]-cpw tem-tKm-bpw I-hÀ-s¶-

Sp-̄ mÂ A-Xv _n-kn-\-kn-s\ tZm-j-I-c-am-bn _m-[n-¡pw. A-\p-I-c-W-§-sf X-Sp-¡p-hm-\pw \n-b-a ]-cn-c-£ D-d-̧ m-¡p-hm-\pw Cu c-Pn-kv-t{S-j³ h-gn \-ap-¡v I-gn-bpw. Cu ]-S-hnÂ A-Xm-Wv-- \mw ]qÀ-¯o-I-cn-t¡-ï-Xv--. kz-´w I-ïp-]n-Sp-¯-am-Wv kw-cw-`-am-¡n am-äp-hm³ t]m-Ip-¶-sX-¦nÂ B I-ïp-]n-Sp-¯-¯n-\pw Un-ssk-\p-sam-s¡ B-Zy-ta X-s¶ ' t]-äâv F-Sp-¡m³ {i-²n-¡-Ww. F-¶n-«v am-{X-ta X-§-fp-sS B-i-b-s¯ a-äp-Å-hÀ-¡v ap-¶nÂ sh-fn-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ ]m-Sp-Åq (C-¯-cw k-µÀ-`-§-fnÂ Cu ]-S-hn-sâ ap³-K-W-\m-{I-a-̄ nÂ hy-Xym-kw h-cmw).

14. Øm-\w \n-Ý-bn-¡p-I

Cu ]-S-hnÂ _n-kn-\-kn-sâ Øm-\w A-Y-hm Øm-]n-t¡-ï Ø-ew \n-Ý-bn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. _n-kn-\-kn-sâ {]-Ir-X-hpw kz-`m-h-hpw A-Sn-Øm-\ ku-I-cy-§-fp-sS B-h-iy-I-X-bp-sam-s¡ I-W-¡n-se-Sp-¯m-h-Ww _n-kn-\-kn-sâ Øm-\w Xo-cp-am-\n-t¡-ï-Xv. hy-h-km-b Øm-]-\-§Ä-¡v \n-b-a-]-c-am-b [m-cm-fw B-h-iy-I-X-IÄ ]-cn-K-Wn-t¨ Xo-cq. A-\p-tbm-Py-am-b Øm-\w _n-kn-\-knsâ hn-P-b-¯n-\pw h-fÀ-¨-bv-¡pw h-f-sc \nÀ-®m-b-I-am-Wv. _m-[-I-am-b hn-hn-[ L-S-I-§-sf hn-i-I-e-\w sN-bv-Xv G-ä-hpw tbm-Ky-am-b Øm-\w Cu ]-S-hnÂ I-sï-¯mw.

15. \n-b-a-]-c-am-b F-Ãm A-\p-a-Xn-I-fpw t\-Sp-I

]-²-Xn \-S-¸n-em-¡p-¶-Xn-\p ap³-]v B-h-iy-am-b F-Ãm A-\p-a-Xn-I-fpw t\-Sn-bn-cn-¡-Ww. \mw C-sX-Ãmw t\-c-s¯ ap³-K-W-\m {I-a-¯nÂ X-¿m-dm-¡n sh-¨n-«p-ïv. A-Xv C-t¸mÄ {]m-hÀ-¯n-I-am-t¡-ï k-a-b-am-bn. Hm-tcm A-\p-a-Xn-bpw c-Pn-kv-t{S-j-\pw Ir-Xy-am-b k-a-b-¯v t\-S-Ww. C-XnÂ bm-sXm-cp hn-[ D-t]-£-bpw kw-cw-`-I³ hn-Nm-cn-¡-cp-Xv. C-XnÂ kw-`-hn-¡p-¶ ]m-fn-¨-IÄ Nn-e-t¸mÄ _n-kn-\-kn-sâ \n-e-\nÂ-¸n-\p X-s¶ `o-j-Wn-bm-tb-¡mw. A-Xp-sIm-ïv A-Xo-h kq-jv-a-X-tbm-sS X-s¶ C-Xv ssI-Im-cyw sN-¿-Ww.

16. kw-cw-`w {]m-hÀ-¯n-I-am-¡p-¶p

Cu ]-S-hn-em-Wv kw-cw-`-I³ b-YmÀ-°-¯nÂ _n-kn-\-kn-sâ aqÀ-¯-am-b cq-]w \-S-¸n-em-¡n-¯p-S-§p-¶-Xv. F-´m-Wv sN-t¿-ï-Xv F-¶ hy-à-am-b ¹m³ ssI-¸n-Sn-bn-em-bn-¡-gn-ªp. C-\n A-Xv \-S-¸n-em-¡p-I-bm-Wv C-t¸mÄ sN-t¿-ï-Xv. Ir-Xy-am-b H-cp k-a-b-]-cn-[n \n-Ý-bn-¨v A-Xn-\v Xp-S-¡w Ip-dn-¡mw. C-hn-sS Ip-dn-̈ ]-Xn-\m-dv ]-S-hp-I-fn-eq-sS I-S-¶p t]m-cp-¶ H-cp kw-cw-`-I-\v h-cm³ t]m-Ip-¶ [m-cm-fw sh-Ãp-hn-fn-I-sf ap³-Iq-«n Im-Wp-hm³ I-gn-bp-¶ ZoÀ-L ZÀ-in-Xz-hpw A-Xn-s\ t\-cn-Sp-hm-\p-Å D-]m-b-§-fpw X-{ -́§-fpw kz-bmÀ-Ön-X A-dn-hn-eq-sS e-`n-¡pw F-¶-XnÂ kw-i-b-an-Ã. _n-kn-\-kn-sâ ]nÂ-¡m-e hn-P-b-̄ n-\p-Å B-Wn-¡-Ãm-bn Cu Úm-\w am-dpw. F-s´-¦n-epw F-§-s\-sbm-s¡-sb-¦n-epw sN-¿p-I F-¶ kzm-`m-hn-I am-\-kn-Im-h-Ø-bnÂ \n-¶pw Im-cy-§-sf Ip-td-¡q-Sn Ku-c-h-t¯m-sS-bpw ]-Iz-X-tbm-sS-bpw kw-cw-̀ -I³ k-ao-]n-¨p Xp-S-§pw.ap-t¶m-«v h-cp-¶ kw-cw-̀ -IÀ-¡v Cu ]-S-hp-IÄ H-cp h-gn-Im-«n-bm-bn-¯o-c-s«.

-Zyw Cu ]w-àn-sb-¡p-dn-¨v ]-d-bmw. _n-kn-\-kp-IÄ-s¡-Ãmw tIm-hn-Uv19 a-lm-am-cn-¡v ti-jw H-cp ]p-Xnb- tem-I-am-Wv. \n-b-a-§Ä \n-c-´-cw \-ho-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-ïv. Im-tem-Nn-X-am-b am-ä-§Ä kw-`-hn-¡p-¶p F-¶p ]-d-bmw. F-§-s\-bm-Wv \n-b-a-§Ä \-ho-I-cn-¡-s -̧Sp-¶-Xv ? A-Xv ]mÀ-e-saân-bÂ ]m-km-¡n-sb-Sp-¡p-¶ ]p-Xn-b B-Îp-I-fn-eq-sS-tbm \n-e-hn-ep-f-f-h-bp-sS t -̀Z-K-Xn-IÂq-sS-tbm cm-Py-s¯ D-¶-X tIm-S-Xn-I-fp-sS hn-[n-I-fn-eq-sS-tbm B-hmw. D-Zm-l-c-W-am-bn D-]-t`m-ày kw-c-£-W \n-b-aw h-en-b t -̀Z-K-Xn-I-fn-eq-sS Pq-sse 2020 \n-b-{]m-_-ey-̄ nÂ h-¶n-«p-ïv. C-´y-bnÂ sS-en-sa-Un-kn³ Cu-bn-sS \n-b-a-hn-t[-b-am-¡n-bn-«p-ïv. Um-ä s{]m-«-£³ \n-b-a-§Ä tNÀ-¯v ssk-_À \n-b-a-§Ä h-en-b am-ä-§Ä-s¡m-cp-§p-¶p-ïv. tem-I-am-k-I-ew C-¯-c-¯n-ep-f-f am-ä-§Ä-¡v hn-t[-b-am-bn-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-¶p. Im-e-̄ n-\-\p-k-cn-¨v h-cp-¶ Cu am-ä-§Ä-s¡m-¸w \-½p-sS _n-kn-\-kn-epw s{]m-^-j-\n-epw am-ä-§Ä h-cp-t¯-ï-Xp-ïv. ]p-Xn-b tem-Iw ]p-Xp \n-b-aw hn-hn-[

Im-en-I {]m-[m-\y-ap-f-f _n-kn-\-kv \n-b-a-§-sf H-cp Xp-SÀ-]w-àn-bm-bn A-h-X-cn-¸n-¡p-I-bm-Wv.

_n-kn-\-kn-\pw A-Sn-¯-d-tbm?

\n-c-h-[n B-fp-IÄ _n-kn-\-kp-I-sf Im-Wp-¶-Xv kv-]À-i tbm-Ky-am-b aq-e-[-\ (Tangible Asset) s¯ A-Sn-Øm-\-am-¡n-bm-Wv. A-Zr-iy aq-e-[-\ ( Intangible Asset) s¯ Ip-dn-̈ v s]m-Xp-sh Nn-́ n-¡m-dn-Ã. F-¶mÂ ]p-Xp-X-e-ap-d _n-kn-\-kp-I-fp-sS aq-eyw G-ä-hp-a-[n-Iw \-ap-¡v Im-Wm³ km-[n-¡m-¯ A-Zr-iy-K-W-¯nÂ s]-Sp-¶p-Xpw _u-²n-I kz-¯nÂ (Intellectual Property) s]-Sp-¶-h-bpw B-bn-cn-¡pw. t -̂kv-_p-¡n-sâ Im-cy-sa-Sp-¡mw. 2003 Â amÀ-¡v k-¡À-_À-Kv B-cw-`n-¨ t^-kv _p-¡v C-¶v 270

]p-Xn-b tem-Iw ]p-Xp \n-b-aw

ZoÀ-L-Im-e _n-kn-\-kn-\m-bn H-cp A-Sn-¯-d

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jn-lm-_v ta-t¨-cn d-Òm³(_mw-¥qÀ A-Sn-Øm-\-am-¡n {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶ eo-KÂ kn.F-Iv--kv.H F-¶ tImÀ-]-td-äv eo-KÂ I¬-kÄ-«³-kn Øm-]-\-¯n-sâ Øm-]-I-\pw A-`n-`m-j-I-\p-am-Wv. G-d-\m-Sv t\m-tf-Pv kn-än-bp-sS k-l-Øm-]-I³ B-Wv. t^m¬ : 9446009815, www.shihab.in, www.legalcxo.com)


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_n-Ãy¬ D-]-t`m-àm-¡Ä D-f-f Øm-]-\-am-Wv. k-¡À-_À-Kv C-¶v tem-I-¯n-se \m-em-a-s¯ [-\n-I-\m-Wv. A-t±-l-¯n-sâ kz-¯n-sâ `q-cn-`m-K-hpw Intangible Asset B-sW-¶-Xv ]-d-tb-ï-Xn-Ã-tÃm. kz-´-am-bn Hm-ô-kv F-¶ k-¦Â-¸w t]m-epw C-Ãm-Xm-bn Xp-S-§n-bn-«p-ïv. Hm-t«m-am-än-Iv C³-tImÀ-]-td-j³ F-¶ 1200 Hm-fw Po-h-\-¡mÀ D-f-f I-¼-\n-¡v tem-I-s -̄hn-sS-bpw Hm-̂ o-kp-IÄ C-Ã. thÀ-Uv {]-kv--tIm-an-sâ am-Xr-I-¼-\n-bm-Wv C-Xv. 75 cm-Py-§-fnÂ Hm-t«m-am-än-Iv C³-tImÀ-]-td-j³ {]-hÀ-̄ n-¡p-¶p-ïv. _n-kn-\-kn-sâ A-Sn-¯-d F-¶ k-¦Â-¸w Tangible Asset Â \n-¶pw In-tangible Asset te-¡v am-dn F-¶v kp-hy-à-am-W-tÃm. Cu A-Sn-¯-d am-äw H-cp-]m-Sv \n -b-a-{]-iv - -\-§Ä-¡pw Im-c-W-am-Ip-¶p-ïv. . t^-k-_p-¡n-sâ D-Zm-l-c-Ww X-s¶-sb-Sp -¡mw. t -̂kv _p-¡v Øm-]n-X-am-b k-a-b-¯v k-¡À-_À-Kn-sâ lmÀ-hmÀ-Un-se aq-¶v ko-\n-bÀ hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ A-t±-l-¯n-s\-Xn-sc A-h-cp-sS km-aq-ly-am-[y-a B-i-bw tam-ãn-¨-Xm-Wv t^-kv-_p-¡v F-¶v B-tcm-]n-¨v--sIm-ïv ap-t¶m-«p h-¶p. Im-a-dq¬ hn³-¢-thm-kv, ssS-eÀ hn³-¢-thm-kv, Zn-hy \-tc-{µ F-¶n-h-cm-bn-cp-¶p A-hÀ. tI-kn-sâ A-h-km-\w 2008 Â 300 an-Ãy¬ tUm-fÀ hn-e-bp-f-f t -̂kv-_p-¡v Hm-l-cn-IÄ C-hÀ-¡v \Â-In-sIm-ïv tI-kv H-¯p-XoÀ-¸m-¡n.. lu-kn-§v tImw F-¶ Øm-]-\w 2012 Â B-cw-̀ n-̈ p. 12 k-l-Øm-]-I-cm-bn-cp-¶p Cu Øm-]-\-¯n-\v. c-ïv hÀ-j-¯n-\-Iw 138 tIm-Sn cq-] ̂ -ïnw-Kn-eq-sS k-am-l-cn-¡m³ km-[n-¨p. ]-s£ A-t¸m-tg-¡pw 3 k-l-Øm-]-IÀ Øm-]-\-¯nÂ \n-¶pw H-gn-ªv t]m-bn-cp-¶p. taÂ km-l-N-cy-§-fn-sÃmw k-l-Øm-]-IÀ X-½n-ep-f-f H-cp I-cm-dn-sâ {]m-[m-\yw Im-Wmw.

k-l-Øm-]-IÀ X-½n-ep-f-f I-cmÀ

tIm-þ-û-tï-gv--kv F-{Kn-saâv F-¶-dn-b-s¸-Sp-¶ k-l-Øm-]-I-tcm _n-kn-\-kv ]-¦m-fn-I-tfm X-½n-ep-f-f I-cm-dm-Wv b-YmÀ-°-̄ nÂ _n-kn-\-kn-sâ A-Sn-̄ -d. Cu I-cmÀ k-l-Øm-]-IÀ X-½n-ep-f-f _-Ô-s -̄bpw A-h-cp-sS B-i-bw F-§-s\ hn-P-b-I-c-am-bn hÀ-j-§-tfm-fw sIm-ïv t]m-Imw F-¶pw {]-kv-Xm-hn-¡p-¶ amÀ-¤-tc-J-bm-bn am-dp-¶p.

F-t¸m-gm-Wv X-¿m-dm-t¡-ï-Xv. ?

k-l-Øm-]-IÀ X-½nÂ Iq-Sn-tN-cp-I-bpw H-cp B-i-b-s¯ _n-kn-\-km-¡n am-än A-Xn-te-¡v D-]-t`m-àm-¡-sf B-IÀ-£n-¡m³ km-[n-¡pw F-¶v t_m-[y-s -̧«mÂ

D-S-s\ tIm-þ-̂ u-tï-gv--kv F-{Kn-saâv X-¿m-dm-¡-Ww. A-hÀ X-½n-ep-f-f [m-c-W-I-sf-Ãmw C-¯-c-¯nÂ \n-b-a-hn-t[-b-am-b H-cp I-cm-dnÂ DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯-Ww.

F-s´-Ãmw DÄ-s¸-S-Ww ?

1. B-i-b-¯n-sâ \nÀ-h-N-\-hpw e-£y-§-fpw þ G-sXm-cp B-i-b-hpw `w-Kn-bm-bn \nÀ-h-Nn-¡p-I-bpw e-£y-§-sf ap³-Iq-«n Im-Wp-I-bpw sN-¿-Ww. C-̄ -c-¯nÂ `m-hn-bnÂ X-§-fp-sS e-£y-§-sf Ip-dn-¨v ap³-[m-c-W C-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p F-t¶m, B-i-b-s¯

th-ï co-Xn-bnÂ D-]-tbm-Kn-¨n-Ã F-t¶m Xp-S-§n-b XÀ-¡-§-sf H-gn-hm-¡m³ km-[n-¡pw

2. km-¼-¯n-I,Hm-l-cn hn-X-c-Ww þ Hm-tcm k-l-Øm-I-sâ-bpw km-¼-¯n -I -am -bn _-Ô-s -̧« Im-cy-§Ä aq-e-[-\ \n-t£-]w A-h-cp-sS Hm-l-cn-IÄ C-¯-c-¯n-ep-f-f a-äp H-¯p XoÀ-¸p-IÄ Xp-S-§n-b-h F-Ãmw DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯mw.

3. _u-²n-I-kz-¯-h-Im-i-s¯ Ip-dn-̈ v þCu B-i-bw DÄ-s -̧Sp-¶ _u-²n-I-kz-¯-h-Im-i-§-sf Ip-dn-¨pw B-i-b kw-c-£-W-s¯ Ip-dn-¨pw ]-d-bmw.

4.Hm-tcm k-l-Øm-]-I-sâ-bpw D-¯-c-hm-Zn-¯-§Ä þ km-[m-c-W-bm-bn k-l-Øm-]-IÀ X-½nÂ {]-iv--\-§Ä D-cp-̄ n-cn-bm-\p-f-f km-l-N-cyw D-̄ -c-hm-Zn-̄ \nÀ-Æ-l-W-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«m-Wv .þ B-cm-Wv B-i-b-s¯ H-cp D-ev-]-¶-am-¡n am-tä-ï-Xv ?þ B-cm-Wv km-¼-¯n-I Im-cy-§-fpw \n-b-a-]-c-am-b Im-cy-§-fpw {i-²n-t¡-ï-Xv ?þ B-cm-Wv amÀ-¡-änw-Kv sN-t¿-ï-Xv ?þ B-cm-Wv \n-t£-]-I-sc I-sï-¯-ï-Xv ?C-¯-c-¯nÂ Hm-tcm kv-l-Øm-]-I-sâ-bpw D-¯-c-hm-Zn-¯-§Ä hn-i-Z-am-bn \nÀ-h-Nn-t¡-ï-Xp-ïv.

C-¯-c-¯nÂ _n-kn-\-kn-\m-bn H-cp A-Sn-¯-d H-cp-¡n-bmÂ `m-hn-bn-ep-f-f ]-e XÀ-¡-§-fpw H-gn-hm-¡mw. ÌmÀ-«v-A-¸v Øm-]-\-§Ä-¡v am-{X-a-Ã, \n-c-h-[n hÀ-j-§-fm-bn \-S-¶p-h-cp-¶ Øm-]-\-§Ä-¡v t]mepw C-¯-c-¯n-ep-f-f I-cm-dp-IÄ B-hmw. ]-s£ A-h ]mÀ-tS-W-gv--kv X-½n-ep-f-f MOU B-tbm \n-e-hn-se I-cm-dp-I-fp-sS t`-Z-K-Xn-bm-tbm A-h-X-cn-¸n-¡-Ww. tIm-þ-û-tï-gv--kv F-{Kn-saân-\v I-cm-dp-I-fp-sS \n-b-a-{]m-_-ey-ap-ïv. C-h c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-¿m³ {i-²n-¡p-I. \n-§-fp-sS _n-kn-\-kn-sâ I-cp-¯p-f-f A-Sn-¯-d-bm-Wv A-Xn-sâ `m-hn \nÀ-h-Nn-¡p-¶-Xv.

kw-


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Øm-\-s¯ \nÀ-½m-W-ta-J-e \n-c-h-[n hÀ-j-§-fm-bn t\-cn-«p sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-¶ {]-Xn-k-Ôn-bm-Wv a-WÂ-£m-aw. C-Xn-\p _-Z-em-bn I-cn-¦Â Izm-dn-I-fnÂ Fw.km³-Uv D-ev-]m-Z-\w \-S-¶p-h-cp-¶p-sï-¦n-epw C-Xv \n-c-h-[n-bm-b ]m-cn-Øn-Xn-I sh-Ãp-hn-fn-IÄ D-bÀ-¯p-¶p-ïv. F-{X-Im-ew C-§-s\ {]-Ir-Xn-sb sh-Ãp-hn-fn-¨v Fw. km³-Uv hn-X-c-Ww km-[n-¡pw F-¶-Xv h-en-b H-cp tNm-Zy-hp-am-Wv. {]-tXy-In-̈ v P-\-km-{µ-X Iq-Sn-b-Xpw, {]-Ir-Xn t£m-`-§-fmÂ \n-c-h-[n ]-B-Lm-X-§Ä t\-cn-Sp-¶-Xp-am-b Cu sIm-̈ p-kw-Øm-\-̄ v. 44 Hm-fw \-Zn-I-fpw, X-Xp-ey-am-b Um-ap-I-fpw D-f-f \m-Sm-Wv \-½p-tS-Xv. F-¶mÂ G-Xm-\pw hÀ-j-§-fm-bn \-Zn-I-fnÂ \n-¶pw a-WÂ hm-cp-¶n-Ã. I-gn-ª 2 a-lm-{]-f-b-§Ä aq-ew ]p-g-I-fp-sS H-gp-¡n-sâ K-Xn-X-s¶ am-än a-dn-¨p sIm-ïv \-Ã tXm-XnÂ a-WÂ, a¬-Iq-\-IÄ kr-ãn-¡-s¸-«n-«p-ïv.. C-Xv \o-¡w sN-t¿-ï-Xn-sâ B-h-iy-I-X-bpw Kp-W-§-fpw

C-hn-sS kq-Nn-¸n-¡p-I-bm-Wv. \-Zn-IfnÂ A-Sn-ªp Iq-Sn-b a¬-Iq-\-IÄ aq-ew ]p-g-IÄ K-Xn-am-dn H-gp-In k-ao-] {]-tZ-i-§-fnÂ {]-h-Nn-¡m³ I-gn-bm-̄ hn-[w sh-f-fw I-b-dn I-\-̄ \-ã-§Ä D-ïm-¡n-b-Xv \mw A-\p-̀ -hn-̈ -dn-ª-Xm-Wv. am-{X-a-Ã, a-lm-\-Zn-I-fm-b ̀ m-c-X-]p-g DÄ-s¸-sS-bp-f-f \-Zn-I-fn-se Nn-e X-S-b-W-IÄ h-sc a-WÂ h-¶-Sn-ªv X-IÀ-¶p t]m-bn. sh-f-fn-bm-¦Â kv-]nÂ-sh-bp-sS j-«-dp-IÄ Xp-d-¡m³ I-gn-bm-sX D-ïm-b {]-f-b-Zp-c-´w \mw t\-cn-«v I-ï-Xp-am-Wv. C-t¸mÄ hÀ-j-Im-ew I-gn-bp-¶-tXm-sS {]-[m-\ \-Zn-I-fnÂ Im-Sv I-b-dp-¶ A-h-Ø-bm-Wv. A-Sn-ªp Iq-Sn-b a-W-epw, a-®pw tNÀ-¶ Iq-

\-I-fnÂ ]p-Ãpw, ]m-gv--sN-Sn-I-fpw h-fÀ-¶v ]p-g-tb-Xv I-c-tb-Xv

F-¶v Xn-cn-¨-dn-bm³ I-gn-bm-¯ hn-[w Z-b-\o-b-am-Wv Im-gv-N. C-hn-sS-bm-Wv {]-f-bw aq-ew {]-Ir-Xn \-ap-¡v \Â-In-b hn-`-h-ti-J-c-s¯ i-cn-bm-b hn-[-¯nÂ D-]-tbm-Kn-t¡-

\-Zn-I-fn-se a-WÂ ti-J-cw\nÀ-½m-W-ta-J-e-bnÂ {]-tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp-¯-Ww_n-kn-\-kv \yq-kv _yq-tdm


ï-Xn-sâ {]m-[m-\yw G-dp-¶-Xv. \-Zn-I-fn-se a¬-Iq-\-IÄ \o-¡w sN-¿p-t¼mÄ D-ïm-Ip-¶ {]-tbm-P-\w Cu a-g-¡m-e-¯v \mw I-ïp. ]-¼m \-Zn-bp-sS H-gp-¡n-sâ K-Xn-sb ]qÀ-®-am-bpw X-S-Ê-s¸-Sp-¯pw hn-[w A-Sn-ªp-Iq-Sn-b h-en-b a-WÂ, a¬-Iq-\-IÄ \o-¡w sN-¿m³ kÀ-¡mÀ Xo-cp-am-\n-̈ v \S-̧ n-em-¡n-b-t¸mÄ a-säm-cp {]-f-b Zp-c-́ km-[y-X-IÄ-¡pw km-l-N-cy-an-Ãm-̄ hn-[w kp-c-£n-X-am-bn ]-¼m-\-Zn H-gp-In-b-Xv t\-cn-sâ Im-gv-N-bm-bn. Iq-Sm-sX B-e-̧ p-g Pn-Ã-bn-se tXm-«-̧ -f-fn-bnÂ s]m-gn (a-WÂ-̄ n-«) ap-dn-̈ v a-WÂ \o-¡w sN-bv-X-Xn-sâ Kp-W-hpw ZÀ-in-¨-Xm-Wv. . C-hn-sS I-gn-ª {]-f-b Im-e-¯n-sâ HmÀ-½ G-h-sc-bpw \-Sp-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. F-¶mÂ im-kv-{Xo-b-amw-hn-[w s]m-gn ap-dn-¨v P-e-¯n-sâ H-gp-¡v kp-K-a-am-¡n-b-Xp aq-ew I-S-en-te-¡v sk-¡ânÂ 620 Iyq-_n-Iv A-Sn sh-f-f-am-Wv H-gp-In-b-Xv. Iq-Sm-sX kv-]nÂ-th-bn-se 40 j-«-dp-I-fn-eq-sS H-gp-In-sb-¯n-b P-ew s]m-gn-bn-eq-sS I-S-enÂ ]-Xn-̈ p. C-tXm-sS 5 Xm-eq-¡p-I-fn-se P-e-\n-c-̧ v Xm-gv-¶p. ]-¼m-\-Zn-bp-sS A-W-s¡-«v Xp-d-¶n-«pw dm-¶n Xp-S-§n-b Ø-e-§-fnÂ {]-f-b-Zp-c-́ w C-Ãm-sX ]-¼m \-Zn H-gp-In. C-Xn-eq-sS hy-à-am-Ip-¶-Xv tI-c-f-̄ n-se \-Zn-I-fnÂ C-t¸mÄ A-Sn-ªn-«p-f-f, {]-Ir-Xn \Â-In-b a-WÂ-Iq-\-IÄ F-{X-bpw th-Kw \o-¡w sN-bv-Xv ]p-g-I-fp-sS b-YmÀ-° H-gp-¡n-s\-bpw P-e-kw-̀ -c-W-ti-jn-sb-bpw \n-e-\nÀ-̄ p-I F-¶-Xm-Wv. a-\p-jy-s\ a-d-¶p sIm-ïp-f-f hm-Z-ap-J-hp-am-bn h-cp-¶ I-]-S ]-cn-Øn-Xn-hm-Zn-IÄ-¡v ap-¶nÂ ap-«p a-S-¡m-sX, bm-YmÀ-°yw Xn-cn-̈ -dn-ªv D-d-̈ Xo-cp-am-\-hp-am-bn kÀ-¡mÀ ap-t¶m-«p t]m-hp-I-bm-Wv Cu Im-cy-̄ nÂ th-ï-Xv. A-\m-h-iy hn-hm-Z-§Ä B-cv D-bÀ-¯n-bm-epw P-\w Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡n-Ã. \-Zn-I-fnÂ \n-¶p hm-cp-¶-Xpw Umw a-WÂ ti-J-c-W ]-²-Xn h-gn-bpw a-WÂ ti-J-cn-¡p-¶-Xv \nÀ-½m-W ta-J-e-bnÂ km-[m-c-W P-\-¯n-\v h-en-b B-izm-kw \Â-Ip-sa-¶p am-{X-a-Ã \-½p-sS

kw-Øm-\-s¯ a-WÂ £m-aw H-cp ]-cn-[n-h-sc ]-cn-l-cn-¡m-\pw I-gn-bpw. F-¶mÂ C-t¸mÄ ti-J-cn-¡-s -̧«n-«p-f-f a-WÂ Cu ta-J-e-bnÂ P-\-§Ä-¡v e-̀ y-am-¡m³ I-gn-bp-¶n-Ã F-¶-Xm-Wv bm-YmÀ-°yw. {]-Ir-Xn A-Xn-sâ kw-lm-c-Xm-Þ-h-¯n-e-hq-sS \-ap-¡v \Â-In-b hn-`-h-am-Wn-Xv. ]-¼m \-Zn-bnÂ \n-¶p c-ï-c In-tem-ao-ä-dnÂ A-[n-Iw Ø-e-¯v A-Sn-ªp Iq-Sn-b 75,000 Iyp-_n-Iv ao-äÀ a-W-em-Wv am-än-b-Xv. C-XnÂ Ip-sd a-WÂ ]-¼-bp-sS ap-IÄ X-«n-te-¡v am-än-bn-«p. A-Xv G-sd-Ip-sd Cu a-g-bnÂ ]p-g-bn-te-¡v X-s¶ t]m-bn-«p-ïv. Ip-sd A-f-hv a-WÂ In-tem-ao-ä-dp-IÄ am-dn ti-J-cn-¨n-«p-ïv. C-Xv km-[m-c-W-¡mÀ-¡v e-`y-am-Im³ F-´m-Wv X-S-Êw, kÀ-¡mÀ B-sc-bm-Wv `-b-¡p-¶-Xv? tXm-«-¸-f-fn kv-]nÂ-th-bnÂ \n-¶v 52,000 Iyp-_n-Iv ao-äÀ a-W-em-Wv \o-¡n-b-Xv. C-Xn-se CÂ-a-s\-äv, tam-tWm-ssk-äv Xp-S-§n-b [m-Xp-¡Ä hym-h-km-bn-I B-h-iy-̄ n-\v F-Sp-̄ -ti-jw N-h-d sI.Fw.Fw-FÂ Â \n-¶pw Xn-cn-sI sIm-ïp-h-cn-I-bpw sN-¿p-¶p. C-Xpw P-\-¯n-\v e-`y-a-Ãm-¯ Øn-Xn-bm-Wv. Cu I-W-¡p-IÄ tI-h-ew H-cp ]-¼m \-Zn-bn-te-bpw H-cp kv-]nÂ-th-bn-te-Xpw am-{X-am-Wv--. C-\n tI-c-f-̄ n-se-F-Ãm \-Zn-I-fnÂ \n-¶p-Å-Xpw A-c-\q-äm-ïv ]-g-¡w sN-¶ Um-ap-I-fp-sS Iym-̈ v--saâv G-cn-bnÂ A-Sn-ªp Iq-Sn-bn-«p-f-f-Xp-am-b a-WÂ ti-J-c-hpw D-]-tbm-K-s -̧Sp-̄ n-bmÂ Ip-d-̈ p-Im-e-̄ n-\v \-½p-sS \nÀ-½m-W ta-J-e-¡m-h-iy-am-b a-WÂ e-`y-am-¡m-\m-hpw. C-Xp h-gn C-t¸mÄ ]-cn-Øn-Xn-¡v {]-bm-kw kr-ãn-¡p-¶ ]m-d s]m-Sn-̈ v Fw.km³-Uv \nÀ-½m-Ww \n-b-{´n-¡p-I-bpw sN-¿mw. C-§-s\ \nÀ-½m-W-ta-J-e-bn-se Ku-c-h-am-b hn-j-bw ]-cn-l-cn-¨p sIm-ïpw ]-cn-Øn-Xn kw-c-£n-¨p-sIm-ïpw ap-t¶m-«p-t]m-Im³ \-ap-¡v km-[n-¡pw. C-hn-sS H-cp Im-cyw {]-tXy-Iw {i-²n-¡-Ww. C-§-s\ ti-J-cn-¡p-¶ a-WÂ sS³-UÀ hn-fn-¨v G-sX-¦n-epw _n-\m-an-IÄ ssI-h-i-s -̧Sp-̄ m³ A-\p-h-Zn-¡-cp-Xv. ]-I-cw _-Ô-s -̧« kÀ-¡mÀ h-Ip-̧ p-IÄ Hm-tcm Pn-Ã-I-fn-epw A-h-cp-sS \n-b-{ -́W-̄ nÂ Iu-ïÀ Xp-d-¶v \ym-b-am-b hn-e-¡v s]m-Xp-P-\-̄ n-\ve-̀ y-am-¡m³ th-ï kw-hn-[m-\-am-Wv H-cp-t¡-ï-Xv. \-Zn-I-fnÂ \n-¶pw, Um-ap-I-fnÂ \n-¶pw a-W-epw a-®pw \o-¡w-sN-bv-Xv A-h-bp-sS \o-scm-gp-¡pw kw-`-c-W-ti-jn-bpw hÀ-²n-¸n-¡m³ kÀ-¡mÀ Xo-cp-am-\n-¨v hÀ-jw H-¶v I-gn-bm-dm-bn. C-t¸m-gpw ]-e-Xpw ]T-\-k-an-Xn-I-fnÂ am-{Xw H-Xp-§n \nÂ-¡p-I-bm-Wv. F-´m-Wv X-S-Êw, B-tc-bm-Wv ]-²-Xn \-S-¸n-em-¡m³ `-b-¡p-¶-Xv? C-¯-cw P-t\m-]-Im-c-{]-Z-am-b ]-²-Xn-IÄ G-Xv X-c-¯n-ep-f-f Ip-¯n-Xn-cn-¸p-IÄ D-ïm-bm-epw \-S-̧ nÂ h-cp-̄ m³ kÀ-¡mÀ ss[-cyw Im-Wn-¡-Ww. C-Xv H-cp sXm-gnÂ ta-J-e-bn-se {]-Xn-k-Ôn ]-cn-l-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw {]-Ir-Xn kw-c-£-W-¯n-\pww th-ïn-bm-Wv. taÂ kq-Nn-¸n-¨ \nÀ-t±-i-§Ä F-Ãmw X-s¶ h-f-sc ap-¼p X-s¶ \nÀ-½m-W-ta-J-e-bn-se s{]m-̂ -j-WÂ kw-L-S-\-bm-b se³-kv--s^-Uv kÀ-¡m-dn-\v k-aÀ-¸n-¨-Xm-Wv. kÀ-¡m-dn-\v tIm-Sn-¡-W-¡n-\v cq-]-bp-sS d-h-\yp D-d-¸p h-cp-̄ m-\pw Cu ]-²-Xn aq-ew I-gn-bpw. B-b-Xn-\mÂ C-\n-sb-¦n-epw F-Sp-̄ Xo-cp-am-\w Im-e-Xm-a-kw Iq-Sm-sX \-S-¸n-em-¡m³ kÀ-¡mÀ X-¿m-dm-I-Ww.

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feAt

uRe

-e-bm-fn-I-fp-sS {]-̀ m-X-§-fnÂ ]mÂ-̧ p-©n-cn ]-SÀ-¯p-¶ H-cp \-·-bp-ïv. 'anÂ-a'sb-¶ tI-c-fw I-Wn I-ïp-W-cp-¶ \-·. tIm-hn-Uv {]-Xn-k-Ôn cm-Py-s¯ tem-Iv Uu-Wn-te-¡p \-bn-̈ -t¸m-gpw X-sâ am-t\-Pv-saâv ssh-̀ -hw sIm-ïv Cu \-· h-äm-sX Im-¡p-¶-Xn-\v \n-È-Ð-am-bn b-Xv-\n-̈ v hn-P-bn-̈ n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv anÂ-a a-e-_mÀ bp-Wn-b³ sN-bÀ-am³ sI F-kv a-Wn. lÀ-̄ mÂ Zn-\-§-fnÂ t]m-epw X-S-Ê-an-Ãm-sX \-S-¡p-¶ ]mÂ-hn-X-c-Ww tem-Iv Uu¬ Im-e-̄ v {]-Xn-k-Ôn-bn-em-Ip-sa-¶p ]-e-cpw kw-i-bn-s¨-¦n-epw £o-c-IÀ-j-I-sc s\-t©m-Sv tNÀ-¡q-I am-{X-a-Ã, anÂ-a-sb \n-d-k-ar-²n-bn-te-¡p \-bn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw sI F-kv a-Wn B-kq-{X-Ww sN-bv-X ]-²-Xn-IÄ BÀ-¡pw {]-tNm-Z-\w \Â-Ip-¶-Xm-Wv.

]p-¯³ D-ev-]-¶-§Ä

sIm-tdm-W tem-Iv-Uu¬ Im-e-¯v ]-e Øm-]-\-§-fpw B-{in-X-sc A-h-K-Wn-¨v \n-e-\n-ev-]n-\m-bn am-{Xw ]-²-Xn-IÄ B-hn-jv-I-cn-̈ -t¸mÄ sI F-kv a-Wn-bp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-¯nÂ anÂ-a-bp-sS a-e-_mÀ ta-J-em bq-Wn-b³ kzo-I-cn-̈ -Xv a-äp Nn-e co-Xn-I-fm-Wv. DÂ-¸-¶ ssh-hn-[y-hÂ-¡-c-W-am-Wn-Xn-sem-¶v. B-h-iy-hpw km-[y-X-I-fpw s]-«-¶v Xn-cn-¨-dn-ªv \n-c-h-[n D-ev-]-¶-§-fm-Wv anÂ-a A-Sp-¯ Im-e-¯v hn-]-Wn-bn-se-¯n-¨-Xv. Hm-W-¡m-e-s¯ ap-¶nÂ I-ïv 'sd-Un Sp tS-Ìv ]m-e-S-{]-Y-a³' cp-Nn-tbm-Spw ip-Nn-tbm-Spw hn-]-Wn-bn-se-¯n-b-t¸mÄ H-¶m-´-c-sa-¶v D-]-t`m-àm-¡Ä hn-e-bn-cp-¯n. hym-P sh-fn-s¨-® {]-f-b-¯nÂ \n-¶v tI-c-f-¡-c-¡v tam-N-\-am-bn "ss\À-a-ey" F-¶ t]-cnÂ anÂ-a-bp-sS Io-gn-ep-Å a-e-_mÀ dq-dÂ sU-h-e-]v-saâv ^u-tï-j³ C-d-¡n-b sh-fn-s¨-®-bpw "U-b-dn {^-jv" tKm-X-¼p-s]m-Sn-bpw D-]-t`m-àm-¡Ä Aw-Ko-I-cn-̈ DÂ-̧ -¶-§-fm-bn. a-«p-̧ m Ir-jn-¡pw A-Sp-¡-

f-t¯m-«-§Ä-¡p-am-bn Kp-W-ta³-a tNm-cm-sX ZpÀ-¤-Ô-an-Ãm-sX Nm-W-I-s¸m-Sn ssP-h-h-f-am-bn kq-¸À-amÀ-¡-äp-IÄ h-gn hn-]-Wn-bn-se-¯n-¨p. tIm-hn-Uv Im-e-¯v {]-Xn-tcm-[-ti-jn hÀ-²n-¸n-t¡-ï-Xn-sâ {]m-[m-\y-a-dn-ªv-- ip-²-am-b ]-ip-hn³ ]m-epw a-ªÄ, C-©n, ]-« F-¶n-h-bp-sS k-̄ p tNÀ-̄ v tKmÄ-U³ anÂ-¡pw

tKmÄ-U³ anÂ-Iv an-I-v-kpw ]p-d-¯n-d-¡n. C-h-cïpw tZ-io-b kp-K-Ô-hn-f K-th-j-W tI-{µ-hp-am-bn tNÀ-¶m-Wv a-e-_mÀ ta-J-e anÂ-a \nÀ-½n-¡p-¶-Xv.

anÂ-a-bp-sS Io-gn -ep -Å a-e-_mÀ dq-dÂ sU-h-e-]v-saâv ^u-tï-j-sâ \n-b-{´-W-¯nÂ, hm-g-¡À-j-I-sc k-lm-bn-¡m³ t\-{´-¡m-b (G-¯-¡m-b) Nn-]v-kv

]p-d-̄ n-d-¡m-\m-bn. am-{X-a-Ã; tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv anÂ-a {Ko³ tjm-¸n' bnÂ HmÀ-Km-\n-Iv tImÀ-W-dpw Xp-S-§n-bn-«p-ïv.

IÀ-j-I-cp-sS Im-h-emÄ

£o-c-IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v F-¶pw ssI-¯m-§m-bn \nÂ-¡p-¶ a-e-_mÀ anÂ-a Cu {]-Xn-k-Ôn L-«-¯nÂ A-h-sc s\-t©m-Sp tNÀ-¯p-\nÀ-¯p-I-bm-Wv sN-bv-X-Xv. Hm-W-¡m-e-¯v A-hÀ Pq-sse am-kw \Â-In-b ]m-en-\v en-ä-dn-\v H-¶-c cq-] A-[n-I hn-e \Â-In. 3.11 tIm-Sn cq-] C-Xp-h-gn IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v A-[n-Iw e-`n-¨p. bq-Wn-b³ ]-cn-[n-bn-epÄ-s¸-« 6 Pn-Ã-I-fn-se-bpw {]m-Y-an-I £o-c-kw-L-§-fp-sS

B-kv-Xn ap-gp-h³ bq-Wn-b³ sN-e-hnÂ C³-jzÀ sN-bv-X a-e-_mÀ anÂ-a IÀ-j-IÀ-¡pw Po-h-\-¡mÀ-¡p-sam-s¡ \-S-¯p-¶ t£-a {]-h-¯-\-§Ä {i-t²-b-am-Wv. bq-Wn-b³ hn-ln-X-t¯m-sS IÀ-j-I-cp-sS D-cp-¡Ä, sXm-gp-¯v, ho-Sv F-¶n-h-bv-¡v C³-jz-d³-kv ]-cn-c-£, F-Ãm Uo-eÀ-amÀ-¡pw Po-h-\-¡mÀ-¡pw C³-jz-d³-kv ]-cn-c-£, bq-Wn-b-\nÂ]m-sem-gn-¡p-¶ F-Ãm

IÀ-j-IÀ-¡pw A-¸-t¸mÄ hn-h-c-§Ä t\-cn-«p \Â-Ip-¶-Xn-\p-Å kw-hn-[m-\w, DÂ-¸-¶-§Ä B-h-iy-¡mÀ-¡v kp-e-`-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\v Iq-Sp-XÂ Uo-eÀ, tjm-¸v ku-I-

a-e-_mÀ anÂ-a-bnÂ hn-P-b-̄ n-sâ a-Wn ap-g-¡w_n-kn-\-kv \yq-kv _yp-tdm


s¸m-Sn DÂ-̧ m-Z-\-im-e-bp-sS A-\n-hm-cy-X-bpw km-[y-X-bp-sa-Ãmw A-tXm-sS t_m-[y-am-bn. sI F-kv a-Wn C-¡m-cyw ap-Jy-a-{ń ]n-W-dm-bn hn-P-b-sâ-bpw £o-c hn-I-k-\ h-Ip-¸p-a-{ń sI. cm-Pp-hn-sâ-bpw {i-²-bnÂ-s¸-Sp-¯n. ap-Jy-a-ń-bp-sS A-h-k-tcm-Nn-X-am-b C-S-s]-SÂ aq-ew tI-c-f-¯nÂ ]mÂ-s¸m-Sn \nÀ-½m-W bq-Wn-äv Øm-]n-¡m³ Xo-cp-am-\n-̈ n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv anÂ-a. ]mÂ DÂ-¸m-Z-\w Iq-Sp-X-ep-Å a-e-_mÀ ta-J-e-bnÂ X-s¶ ^m-Î-dn th-W-sa-¶ sN-bÀ-am-sâ B-h-iy-hpw X-Xz-¯nÂ Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨n-«p-ïv.

Iq-sS-bp-ïv ssI-¯m-§m-bn

kz-́ -am-bn ho-Sn-Ãm-̄ £o-c-IÀ-j-IÀ-¡m-bn "anÂ-a k-Z-\w" F-¶ t]-cnÂ `-h-\ \nÀ-½m-W {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä \-S-¶p-h-cn-I-bm-Wv. a-e-_mÀ ta-J-e-bv-¡p Io-gn-ep-Å Im-kÀ-tIm-Sv, I-®qÀ, tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv, h-b-\m-Sv, a-e-̧ p-dw, ]m-e-¡m-Sv Pn-Ã-I-fn-em-bn B-dp ho-Sp-I-fp-sS \nÀ-½m-W-am-Wv ]p-tcm-K-an-¡p-¶-Xv. anÂ-a-bn-se XmÂ-¡m-en-I H-gn-hp-I-fnÂ Øm-]-\-¯n-sâ \-s«-Ãm-bn {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶ £o-c-IÀ-j-I-cp-sS a-¡-sf \n-b-an-¡m³ Xo-cp-am-\n-¨n-«p-ïv. £o-c-IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v ]-ip-hn-s\ hm-§m³ dn-thmÄ-hv ^-ïnÂ \n-¶v 50000 cq-] h-sc ]-en-i-c-ln-X hm-bv-]-bm-bn A-\p-h-Zn-¡p-¶p-ïv. 350 Hm-fw IÀ-j-IÀ Cu ku-I-cyw D-]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯n-¡-gn-ªp. Kp-cp-X-c-am-b tcm-Kw _m-[n-̈ n-«p-Å £o-c-IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v tc-J-IÄ k-ln-Xw A-t]-£n-¨mÂ 20000

cy-§Ä F-¶n-h-sb-Ãmw \-S-¸m-¡n-bn-«p-ïv. Kp-W-\n-e-hm-c-ap-Å Iq-Sp-XÂ DÂ-̧ -¶-§Ä hn-]-Wn-bn-en-d-¡n-bpw sN-e-hp-Np-cp-¡n-bpw kz-tZ-i-¯pw hn-tZ-i-̄ pw hn-]-W-\w hÀ-²n-̧ n-̈ pw Øm-]-\-¯n-sâ h-fÀ-̈ -¡m-bn h-cpw Zn-h-k-§-fnÂ Iq-Sp-XÂ ]-²-Xn-IÄ \-S-¸m-¡m³ {]-Xn-Úm-_-²-am-sW-¶v sN-bÀ-am³ sI F-kv a-Wn ]-d-bp-¶p.

A-`n-am-\-am-bn ]mÂ-s¸m-Sn bq-Wn-äv

IÀ-j-I-cnÂ \n-¶p kw-̀ -cn-¡p-¶ A-[n-I ]mÂ X-an-gv-\m-«n-se-̄ n-̈ v ]mÂ-s¸m-Sn-bm-¡n-bm-Wv ]-e-t¸m-gpw anÂ-a IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v ssI-̄ m-§m-b-Xv. F-¶mÂ tIm-hn-Uv tem-Iv-Uu¬ Im-e-̄ v X-an-gv-\m-«n-te-¡-b-̈ ]mÂ tem-dn-IÄ X-S-b-s¸-«p. tI-c-f-¯nÂ H-cp ]mÂ-

]p-Xn-b ]-²-Xn-I-fp-am-bn ap-t¶m-«v

D-]-t`m-àm-¡Ä-¡pw £o-c-IÀ-j-IÀ-¡pw {]-tbm-P-\-{]-Z-am-b H-t«-sd ]p-Xn-b ]-²-Xn-IÄ B-hn-jv-I-cn-¨p \-S-¸m-¡n h-cn-I-bm-Wv a-e-_mÀ ta-J-em anÂ-a. ]-cn-Øn-Xn ku-lr-Z-am-b ]-²-Xn-I-fn-eq-sS-bpw B-[p-\n-I ku-I-cy-§-fp-]-tbm-Kn-¨pw Iq-Sp-XÂ D-ev-]-¶-§Ä hn-]-Wn-bn-se-¯n-¡m³ a-e-_mÀ ta-J-em bq-Wn-b-sâ am-t\-Pnw-Kv U-b-d-ÎÀ sI.Fw.hn-P-b-Ip-am-c-\pw sN-bÀ-am-t\m-sSm-¸w ]-¦p-tN-cp-¶p. C-cp-h-cpw tNÀ-¶p \-S-̄ p-¶ ]-²-Xn-I-sf-Ãmw X-s¶ anÂ-asb-bpw A-Xp-h-gn £o-c-IÀ-j-I-sc-bpw hn-P-b-¯n-te-¡p \-bn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. "a-e-_mÀ ta-J-em bq-Wn-b³ ]p-Xn-b ]-e ]-²-Xn-I-fpw \-S-¸n-em-¡n h-cn-I-bm-Wv. Ip-dp-¡v ]mÂ (Condensed Milk) A-Sn-Øm-\-am-¡n-bp-Å DÂ-¸-¶-§Ä \nÀ-½n-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-bn h-b-\m-«nÂ ]p-Xn-sbm-cp ¹m³-dn-sâ \nÀ-½m-Ww ]qÀ-̄ n-bm-bn h-cn-I-bm-Wv. Iq-Sp-XÂ ]mÂ kw-`-cn-¡m-\pw {Sm³-kv-t]mÀ-t«-j³ sN-e-hv Ip-d-bv-¡m-\pw ZoÀ-L-Im-ew kq-£n-¡p-¶ ]p-Xn-b D-ev-]-¶-§Ä hn-]-Wn-bn-se-¯n-¡m-\pw C-Xv k-lm-b-I-am-Ipw. a-säm-cp ]-²-Xn {io-I-WvT-]p-c-¯v H-cp AÄ-{Sm ssl sS-¼-td-¨À anÂ-Iv hn-¯v {_n-Iv ssS-]v ]m-¡nw-Kv ¹mâv B-cw-̀ n-¡p-I F-¶-Xm-Wv. C-Xv A-Sp-̄ km-¼-̄ n-I hÀ-jw ]qÀ-̄ n-bm-¡m³ I-gn-bpw F-¶ hn-izm-k-̄ n-em-Wv anÂ-a. ]p-Xn-b ]-²-Xn-

IÄ hn-]-W-\-ta-J-e-bnÂ Iq-Sp-XÂ {i-²n-¡m³ h-gn-sbm-cp-¡pw. kw-Øm-\-̄ n-\p ]p-d-sa KÄ-̂ v ta-J-e-bpÄ-s¸-sS-bp-Å Nn-e hn-tZ-i cm-Py-§-fn-epw DÂ-¸-¶-§-fp-sS hn-]-W-\w hÀ-²n-¸n-¡m³ a-e-_mÀ anÂ-a e-£y-an-Sp-¶p-ïv. C-ý-bnÂ X-s¶ £o-c IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v G-ä-hpw Iq-Sp-XÂ ]mÂ hn-e \Â-Ip-¶-Xv tI-c-f-̄ n-em-Wv. A-Xp sIm-ïp

X-s¶ Iq-Sp-XÂ aq-ey hÀ-²n-X DÂ-̧ -¶-§Ä hn-]-Wn-bn-en-d-¡n h-cp-am-\ t{km-X-kp-IÄ hÀ-²n-¸n-t¡-ï-Xp-ïv.'-þ hn-P-b-Ip-amc³ Iq-«n-tNÀ-¯p. Kp-W-ta-·-bp-Å c-ïp X-cw kw-̀ m-c-§Ä anÂ-a hn-]-Wn-bn-en-d-¡n-bn-«p-ïv. A-Sp-̄ th-\Â-¡m-e-s¯ e-£y-an-«v a-säm-cp kw-

`m-cw Iq-Sn hn-]-Wn-bn-se-¯n-¡m³ Xo-cp-am-\n-¨n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv a-e-_mÀ ta-J-em

bq-Wn-b³. `m-c-Xo-b kp-K-Ô-hn-f K-th-j-W tI-{µ-hp-am-bn k-l-I-cn-¨v kp-K-Ô-hy-Rv-P-\-§Ä tNÀ-¯v X-¿m-dm-¡p-¶ kw-`m-c-am-Wn-Xv. DuÀ-Ö-kw-c-£-W-¯n-\v \n-c-h-[n ]p-c-k-v-Im-c-§Ä e-`n-¨n-«p-ïv. sF F-kv H 14000, sF F-kv H 50000 F-¶o kÀ-«n-̂ n-t¡-j-\m-bp-f-f

hn-hn-[ {]-hÀ-̄ -\-§Ä-¡pw a-e-_mÀ bq-Wn-b³ Xp-S-¡w Ip-d-n-¨n-«p-ïv. Cu km-¼-¯n-I hÀ-jw X-s¶ C-h ]qÀ-¯n-bm-Ip-sa-¶m-Wv I-cp-Xp-sX-¶-Xpw am-t\-Pnw-Kv U-b-d-ÎÀ hn-P-b-Ip-am-c³ ]-d-ªp.


cq-] h-sc k-lm-b-[-\w \Â-Ip-¶ ]-²-Xn-bpw anÂ-a \-S-¸n-em-¡n-bn-«p-ïv.

tIm-hn-Uv Im-e-s¯ A-Xn-Po-h-\w

"anÂ-a-bp-sS N-cn-{X-̄ nÂ A-\p-̀ -hn-̈ n-«n-Ãm-̄ {]-Xn-k-Ôn-IÄ-¡m-Wv tem-Iv-Uu¬ km-£yw h-ln-̈ -Xv. ]-X-dn ]n-t¶m-«-Sn-¨mÂ Øm-]-\w am-{X-a-Ã £o-c-IÀ-j-I-cpw X-IÀ-¶-Sn-bp-sa-¶ A-h-Ø. ]mÂ-s¸m-Sn-¡m-bn X-an-gv--\m-«n-te-¡v h-ïn-IÄ A-b-¡m³ I-gn-bm-¯ km-l-N-cyw, IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v ]mÂ H-gp-¡n I-f-tb-ï Øn-Xn. F-́ p-hn-e-sIm-Sp-̄ pw ]mÂ kw-`-cn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡m-\m-hn-Ã. ap-Jy-a-{ń-sb Im-cy-§Ä [-cn-¸n-¨p. kÀ-¡mÀ H-¸-ap-sï-¶p-Å D-d-¸v A-t±-l-¯nÂ \n-¶v e-`n-¨-Xv B-izm-k-am-bn. ap-gp-h³ ]m-epw kw-`-cn-¡m³ \nÀ-t±-iw \Â-In. X-an-gv--\m-Sv ap-Jy-a-{ń C-S-]m-Sn ]-g-\n-kzm-an-bp-am-bn ap-Jy-a-{ń ]n-W-dm-bn hn-P-b³ kw-km-cn-̈ p. X-an-gv--\m-Sv a-{ń-bp-am-bn NÀ-̈ sN-¿m³ a-{ń sI. Ir-jv-W³-Ip-«n-sb A-t±-lw \n-tbm-Kn-̈ p. {]-iv--\-̄ n-\v B-izm-k-am-bn tI-c-f-̄ nÂ \n-¶p-Å ]mÂ X-an-gv--\m-Sv hm-§m³ Xo-cp-am-\n-¨p." þ {]-iv--\-§Ä ]-cn-l-cn-̈ -Xn-sâ hn-h-c-§Ä sI.F-kv.a-Wn ]-¦p-sh-¨p. Hm¬-sse³ tk-h-\ Zm-Xm-¡-fm-b skm-am-s«m, kzn-¤n Xp-S-§n F-t«m-fw Øm-]-\-§-fp-am-bn k-l-I-cn-¨v hnÂ-¸-\ D-bÀ-¯m³ C-¡m-e-¯v anÂ-a \-S-]-Sn-sb-Sp-¯p. C-Xn-sâ ^-e-am-bn Hm¬-sse³ hn-ev-]-\ H-cp e-£-¯nÂ \n-¶v 10 e-£-̄ n-te-¡v Ip-Xn-̈ p. tem-§v sse-̂ v anÂ-¡n-sâ hnÂ-¸-\ G-g-c C-c-«n hÀ-²-\ tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯n. a-e-_mÀ ta-J-e-bn-se B-dv Pn-Ã-I-fn-te-bpw A-¦-W-hm-Sn-I-fn-eq-sS anÂ-a kzo-äv Bâv ̂ v--tf-th-gv--kv anÂ-¡n-sâ 180 an-Ãn ]m-bv-¡-äv hn-X-c-W-hpw B-cw-`n-¨p. IÀ-j-I-sc kw-c-£n-¡m-\pw {Zp-X-K-Xn-bnÂ \-S-]-Sn-I-fp-ïm-bn. en-ä-dn-\v H-cp cq-] A-[n-Iw \Â-In ]mÂ kw-̀ -cn-̈ p-Xp-S-§n-b-Xv {]-Xn-k-Ôn-bn-em-bn-cp-¶ £o-c-IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v B-izm-k-¯n-sâ Xp-cp-¯m-bn. A-hÀ-¡v H-ä-¯-h-W k-lm-b-am-bn A-]v--tIm-kv Fw-t¹m-bo-kv shÂ-s^-bÀ skm-ssk-än h-gn 1000 cq-] ho-Xw \Â-Im-\pw \-S-]-Sn-bm-bn. km-¼-¯n-I {]-Xn-k-Ôn-bn-em-b 112 sN-dp-In-S £o-c-IÀ-j-I kw-L-§Ä-¡v am-t\-Pv--saâv {Kmâm-bn 6000 cq-]-ho-Xw A-\p-h-Zn-¨p. C-Xn-\p ]p-d-sa am-kv--Ipw km-\n-ssä-k-dpw hm-§m-\m-bn skm-ssk-än-IÄ-¡v 1000 cq-] ho-Xw A-\p-h-Zn-¨p. IÀ-j-I-cp-sS I-®o-scm-¸m³ sh-sd-bpw D-ïm-bn \-S-]-Sn-IÄ. amÀ-̈ v 11 ap-XÂ 31 h-sc Nm-¡v H-¶n-\v 100 cq-]-bpw G-{]nÂ H-¶p ap-XÂ ta-bv 15 h-sc 200 cq-]-bpw k-_v--kn-Un \Â-In Im-en-¯o-ä hn-X-c-Ww sN-bv-Xp. bq-Wn-b-sâ taÂ-t\m-«-¯nÂ Ir-jn sN-bv-Xn-cp-¶ Xo-ä-]p-Ãv In-tem-bv-¡v 1.7 cq-] k-_v--kn-Un \n-c-¡nÂ IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v hn-X-c-Ww sN-bv-Xp. km-aq-ly XmÂ-]-cyw ]-cn-K-Wn-¨v tem-Iv Uu¬ Im-e-¯v I-½yq-Wn-än In-¨³ h-gn-bpw A-Xn-Yn-sXm-gn-em-fn Iym-¼p-IÄ h-gn-bp-am-bn 17.3 e-£w

cq-]-bp-sS ]mÂ-s]m-Sn-bpw B-tcm-Ky-{]-hÀ-¯-IÀ, t]m-eo-kv Xp-S-§n-b-hÀ-¡m-bn 4.5 e-£w cq-]-bp-sS ]mÂ DÂ-¸-¶-§-fpw ku-P-\y-am-bn \Â-In.

Im-cy {]m-]v-Xn

hn-P-bw H-cn-¡-epw sh-dp-sX h-cp-¶-X-Ã. A-Xv C-Ñm-i-àn-bn-eq-sS-bpw B-i-b-§-fn-eq-sS-bpw B-ßmÀ-°-am-b ]-cn-{i-a-§-fn-ep-sS-bpw D-cp-¯n-cn-bp-¶-Xm-Wv. sI.F-kv.a-Wn-bp-sS Po-hn-X-̄ n-epw hn-P-bw ̀ m-Kyw sIm-ïp-am-{Xw I-b-dn h-¶-X-Ã. Im-cy \nÀ-Æ-l-Ww sh-dpw Iu-Xp-I-a-sÃ-¶v sN-dp-{]m-b-¯nÂ X-s¶ Xn-cn-̈ -dn-ªp-sIm-ïp-X-s¶-bm-Wv A-t±-lw 1978þÂ _n-kn-\-Êv cw-K-t¯-¡v C-d-§n-b-Xv. Xn-c-sª-Sp-

-̄Xv ]m-e-¡m-«v A-¶p-h-sc B-cpw sN-bv-Xn-«n-Ãm-̄ sa-jn³- SqÄ _n-kn-\-kv. k-a-c-§-fpw {]-iv--\-§-

fpw \n-d-ªv ]-c-¼-cm-K-X hy-hm-k-b-¯n-\p-a-¸p-dw hy-h-km-b-s¯ Ip-dn-¨v tI-c-f-¯nÂ Nn-ń-¡m-hp-¶ km-l-N-cy-a-Ã A-¶v. ho-«p-¡m-cp-sS-bpw _-Ôp-¡-fp-sS-bpw kp-lr-¯p-¡-fp-sS-bpw F-XnÀ-¸v kz-`m-hn-Iw. B-ß-hn-izm-kw ssI-ap-X-em-¡n ap-t¶m-«v X-s¶-sb-¶v a-Wn-bpw. A-äv--e-kv sa-jn³ SqÄ-kv F-¶ Øm-]-\w cq-]-sa-Sp-̄ -Xv A-§-s\-bm-Wv. b-{´ km-a-{Kn-IÄ hn-tZ-i-t¯-¡v I-b-äp-

a-Xn sN-¿p-¶ co-Xn-bn-te-¡v A-Xv h-fÀ-¶-Xv Cu \n-Ý-b-ZmÀ-Vyw sIm-ïp-X-s¶-bm-Wv. anÂ-a-bp-sS ap-t¶-ä-¯n-\pw a-Wn h-gn-Im-«n-bm-b-Xv A-\p-`-h k-¼-̄ p-sIm-ïm-Wv. Im-cy-£-a-X-bm-Wv h-fÀ-̈ -bp-sS B-Zy-]-Sn. hn-izm-k-X-bpw hn-P-b-hpw A-Xn-sâ DÂ-¸-¶-§-fm-sW-¶v A-t¶ sX-fn-bn-¨ a-Wn-¡v hn-P-b-¯n-sâ ]m-X Xp-d-¶-Xpw C-Xp-X-s¶-bm-Wv. 1993 Â A-äv--e-kn-sâ k-tlm-Z-c Øm-]-\-am-bn a-e-_mÀ F-©n-\o-b-dn-§v I-¼-\n F-¶ ss{]-h-äv en-an-ä-Uv Øm-]-\-̄ n-\v Xp-S-¡-am-bn. I-f-¦-an-Ãm-̄ {]-hÀ-̄ -\-hpw A-Xv \Â-In-b hn-P-b-hpw ]p-c-kv--Im-c-§-fp-sS £-Wn-Xm-hm-sW-¶v sX-fn-ªp. F-©n-\o-b-dnw-Mv F-Iv--kv--t]mÀ-«v {]-tam-j³ Iu¬-kn-en-sâ ÌmÀ s]À-t^m-aÀ ]p-c-kv--Im-cw(2009-þ10) C.C.]n.kn k-tX¬ do-Pn-b-WÂ ]p-c-kv--Im-cw (2013þ-14), F³-Pn-\o-b-dnw-Mv F-Iv--k-t]mÀ-«nÂ ho-ïpw tZ-io-b]p-c-kv--Im-cw (2015-þ16) Xp-S-§n-h-sb-Ãmw a-Wn-sb tX-Sn-sb-¯n. ]m-e-¡m-Sv am-t\-Pv--saâv A-tkm-kn-tb-j³ {]-kn-Uâv, BÄ C-ý am-t\-Pv-saâv A-tkm-kn-tb-j³ \m-j-\Â Iu¬-knÂ sa-¼À, tdm-«-dn ¢-ºv {]-kn-Uâv F-¶o \n-e-I-fn-se-Ãmw tk-h-\w A-\p-jvTn-¨ a-Wn Im-en-¡-äv bq-Wn-th-gv--kn-än sk-\-äv sa-¼-dm-Wv.

B-ßmÀ-°-X-tbm-sS sN-¿p-¶ G-Xp Im-cy-¯n-\pw A-{X-X-s¶ XmÂ-¸-cy-sa-Sp-¯v a-Wn-bp-sS Iq-sS \nÂ-¡p-¶-Xv _n.F-Uv _n-cp-Z-[m-cn-bm-b ̀ m-cy P-e-P-bm-Wv. A-̀ n-em-jv (Fw._n.F), A-an-Xv Ip-amÀ (sa-¡m-\n-¡Â F-©n-\o-bÀ, Fw.F-kv. {_n-«³ (Leeds university) F-¶n-h-cm-Wv a-¡Ä. C-cp-h-cpw _n-kn-\-knÂ a-Wn-s¡m-̧ w k-Po-h-am-bn {]-hÀ-̄ n-¡p-¶p.

d-§p-¶ Np-äp-]m-Spw Ø-e-hp-sam-s¡ \-½p-sS D-d-¡-s¯-bpw kzm-[o-\n-¡m-dp-ïv. ]-cn-k-cw t]m-se X-s¶-bm-Wv \-½Ä In-S-¡m³ D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶ am-{S-kpw. kp-J-am-bn D-d-§m³ \-Ã am-{S-kv A-Xym-h-iy-am-Wv. \-Ã Kp-W-ta-·-bpw kp-J-\n-{Z-bpw \Â-Ip-¶ am-{S-kv th-ï-hÀ-¡v ss[-cy-am-bn ssl-Éo-]v {_m³-Uv Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡mw. bp ]n A-Ðp k-a-Zv B-Wv ssl-Éo-]v F-¶ am-{S-kv {_m³-Uv a-e-¸p-dw Pn-Ã-bn-se \n-e-¼q-cnÂ B-cw-`n-¡p-¶-Xv. C-¶v tI-c-f-¯nÂ G-ä-hp-a-[n-Iw hnÂ-¡-s¸-Sp-¶ am-{S-kv {_m³-Um-Wv ssl-Éo-¸v. tI-c-fm {_m³-UnÂ \n-¶v C-ý³ {_m³-Um-Im-\p-Å X-¿m-sd-Sp-¸n-em-Wv ssl-Éo-¸v. D-¯-tc-ý³ bm-{X-I-fpw A-tXm-sSm-¸w _n-kn-\-kv A-´-co-£-¯nÂ P-\n-¨p h-fÀ-¶ \m-fp-I-fpw, _n-kn-\-kv ]m-c-¼-cy-hp-sa-Ãmw k-a-Zn-se kw-cw-`-I-s\ D-WÀ-¯n. A-§-s\ A-Ðp k-a-Zv D-]m-kv d-º-ssd-kv-Uv I-bÀ t{]m-U-Îv--kv F-¶ Øm-]-\-̄ n-\v Xp-S-¡w Ip-dn-¨p. C-Xn-\p Io-gnÂ ssl-Éo-¸v F-¶ am-{S-kv {_m³-Un-\pw B-cw-̀ -am-bn. C-¶v tI-c-f-̄ n-ep-S-\o-fw hn-ä-gn-¡-s -̧Sp-¶ am-{S-kv {_m³-Up-I-fnÂ H-¶m-Wv ssl-Éo-¸v. 20 Po-h-\-¡m-cp-am-bn h-f-sc sN-dn-b co-Xn-bnÂ Xp-S-§n-b ssl-Éo-¸v {_m³-UnÂ 2009 ap-XÂ In-S-¡ \nÀ-am-W bq-Wn-än-te-¡v Np-h-Sp sh-¨p. an-I-¨ Kp-W-ta-·-bnÂ hn-]-Wn-bn-se s{S³-U-dn-ªv In-S-¡-IÄ \nÀ-an-¨v D-]-t`m-àm-¡-fn-se-¯n-¨-tXm-sS ssl-Éo-]v D-]-t`m-àm-¡-fp-sS {]n-b D-Xv-̧ -¶-am-bn am-dn. kw-Xr-]v-X-cm-b D-]-t`m-àm-¡-fm-Wv ssl-Éo-¸n-

sâ {_m³-Uv Aw-_m-kn-UÀ-amÀ. t^mw am-{S-kv, kv-{]nw-Kv am-{S-kv, I-bÀ am-{S-kv Xp-S-§n F-Ãm h-I-t`-Z-§-fpw ssl-Éo-¸v {_m³-UnÂ hn-]-Wn ssI-¿-S-¡n-¡-gn-ªp. ssl-Éo-¸n-s\ {i-t²-b-am-¡p-¶-Xv bm-kn-b, sF-kv en³, t¥m-kn-tam, e-Iv--km-täm F-¶o \m-ep k-_v {_m³-Uv h-I-t`-Z-§-fm-Wv. bm-kn-b F-¶ ssl-Éo-]v h-I-t`-Z-¯n-sâ \nÀ-

am-W-̄ n-\p-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-Xv D-bÀ-¶ km-{µ-X-bp-Å t^mw, I-«n-bp-Å I-¼n-fn-¯p-Wn, Izm-fn-än kv-{]n-Mv F-¶n-h-bm-Wv. sF-kv en³ Iq-Sp-X-em-bn t^mw se-b-dp-IÄ D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p. {]o-an-bw DÂ-¸-¶-§-fm-b t¥m-kn-

tam, e-Iv--km-täm F-¶n-h-bnÂ A-kw-kv- -Ir-X-h-kv-Xp-¡-fp-sS

F-®w hÀ-²n-¡p-¶p. Cu \m-ep h-I-t`-Z-§Ä-¡pw B-h-iy-¡m-tc-sd-bm-Wv. Kp-W-ta-·-bn-se-¶ t]m-se hn-e-bn-epw hn-]-Wn-bn-se a-äv {_m³-Up-I-tfm-Sv In-S-]n-Sn-¡m-\pw ssl-Éo-¸n-sâ \m-ep k-_v {_m³-Up-IÄ-¡m-Ip-¶p-ïv. kz-´-am-bn In-S-¡ \nÀ-am-W-¯n-\m-h-iy-am-b kv-{]nw-Kv \nÀ-am-W bq-Wn-äp-Å-Xpw ssl-Éo-¸n-s\ hy-Xy-kv-X-am-¡p-¶p. \n-e-¼qÀ B-Øm-\-am-bn {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶ I-¼-\n-bp-sS tImÀ-¸-td-äv Hm-ô-kn-t\m-Sv tNÀ-

¶m-Wv ̂ m-Î-dn-bp-sS {]-hÀ-¯-\w. Xn-I-¨pw ]-cn-Øn-Xn ku-lmÀ-±-am-bm-Wv ^m-Î-dn {]-hÀ-̄ n-¡p-¶-Xv. 20 Po-h-\-¡m-cp-am-bn Xp-S-§n-b Øm-]-\-̄ n-en-¶v \q-dn-e-[n-I-am-fp-IÄ t\-cn-«v sXm-gn-se-Sp-¡p-¶p-ïv. D-]-t`m-àm-hn-sâ kw-Xr-]v-Xn-¡v ap³-Xq-¡w \Â-In-bm-Wv ssl-Éo-

¸v am-{S-kp-IÄ \nÀ-an-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. am-{S-kn-sâ \q-dv i-X-am-\w

Kp-W-ta-· D-d-̧ p-h-cp-̄ n ]qÀ-W-cq-]-¯n-se-¯n-¡m³ th-ïn kz-´-am-bn dn-kÀ-¨v B³-Uv sU-h-e-¸v--saâv hn-`m-Kw {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶p-ïv. C-¶v am-{S-kv I-¼-\n A-Ãm-sX t^mw, I-bÀ F-¶n-

kp-J-\n-{Z-bv-¡v F-¶pw ssl-Éo-¸v

D-_n-kn-\-kv \yq-kv _yq-tdm


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h-bp-sS Hm-tcm bq-Wn-äp-IÄ \-S-¯p-¶p-ïv. C-hn-sS \n-¶p-Å Kp-W-ta-·-bp-Å I-b-dpw, t^m-ap-am-Wv In-S-¡ \nÀ-am-W-¯n-\v D-]-bm-Kn-¡p-¶-Xv. Cw-t]mÀ-«-Uv sa-jn-\-dn-I-fm-Wv ]qÀ-W-am-bpw In-S-¡ \nÀ-am-W-¯n-\v D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-sX-¶v A-Ðp k-a-Zv ]-d-bp-¶p. A³-]-Xn-\m-bn-cw kv--Iz-bÀ ̂ o-än-em-Wv ̂ m-Î-dn. A-Sn-Øm-\ ku-I-cy-§-sf-Ãmw an-I-¨-Xm-Wv. F-{X D-bÀ-¶ X-e-¯n-epw DÂ-¸m-Z-\w hÀ-²n-¸n-¡m-\p-Å I-¸m-kn-än-bpw ^m-Î-dn-¡p-sï-¶v A-t±-lw Iq-«n-t¨À-¯p.

`m-hn-bnÂ C-´y D-S-\o-fw A-dn-b-s¸-Sp-¶ H-cp {_m³-Um-Im-\p-Å H-cp-¡-¯n-em-Wv I-¼-\n. A-Xn-\m-bp-Å X-¿m-sd-Sp-¸n-em-Wv A-Ðp k-a-Zpw A-t±-l-¯n-sâ k-l-{]-hÀ-¯-I-cpw. sXm-gn-em-fn-I-tfm-Sp-Å k-ao-]-\w, A-h-cp-sS B-ßmÀ-°-X D-d-¸m-¡Â, DÂ-¸-¶-¯n-sâ Kp-W-ta-·, amÀ-¡-änw-Kv X-{ -́§Ä, DÂ-̧ -¶-̄ n-sâ kzo-Im-cy-X D-d-̧ m-¡p-¶ kÀ-th-IÄ Xp-S-§n-b Im-cy-§-sf-Ãmw Øm-]-\-¯n-sâ hn-P-b-¯n-\v Im-c-W-am-sb-¶v A-Ðp k-a-Zv hy-à-am-¡p-¶p.

®mÀ-¡m-Sv dq-dÂ kÀ-ho-kv _m-¦v hn-P-b-I-c-am-b aq-¶p ]-Xn-äm-ïn-te-¡v {]-th-in-¡p-I-bm-Wv. [-\-Im-cy-cw-K-̄ p hn-izm-ky-X-bpw Im-cy-£-a-X-bpw ap-J-ap-{Z-bm-¡n 30 hÀ-jw ap³-]p {]-hÀ-̄ -\-am-cw-̀ n-̈ _m-¦v C-t¸mÄ [-\-Im-cy-tk-h-\-̄ nÂ am-{X-a-Ã ]m-e-¡m-Sn-sâ km-aq-ln-I, kmw-kv--Im-cn-I cw-K-̄ pw kv-Xp-XyÀ-l-am-b {]-I-S-\w Im-gv-N-h-bv-¡p-I-bm-Wv. [-\-Im-cy-tk-h-\ cw-K-̄ v GÀ-s -̧« F-Ãm {]-hÀ-̄ -\-§-fpw hn-P-b-I-c-am-¡m³ _m-¦n-\p km-[n-¨n-«p-ïv 1989þÂ {]-hÀ-̄ -\w Xp-S-§n-b _m-¦v, 1994þÂ H-tÎm-_-dnÂ a-®mÀ-¡m-Sv Su-WnÂ kz-́ -am-¡n-b F-«v skâv Ø-e-¯p \nÀ-an-̈ sI-«n-S-̄ n-te-¡v {]-hÀ-̄ -\w am-än. _m-¦v A-[n-Im-cn-IÄ-¡pw Po-h-\-¡mÀ-¡pw Np-cp-§n-b \m-fp-IÄ sIm-ïp X-s¶ _m-¦n-sâ km-¼-¯n-I A-Sn-¯-d i-à-am-¡m³ km-[n-¨p. {]-hÀ-¯-\-¯n-sâ B-cw-`-L-«-¯nÂ \n-c-h-[n {]-Xn-k-Ôn-I-sf A-`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-t¡-ïn h-s¶-¦n-epw A-sXm-s¡-bpw A-Xn-Po-hn-̈ p ]p-tcm-K-Xn-bp-sS ]m-X-bn-eq-sS ap-t¶-dm³ _m-¦n-\p I-gn-ªp. am-{X-a-Ã, tI-{µ kÀ-¡m-dn-sâ t\m-«v ]n³-h-en-¡Â ̀ q-cn-̀ m-Kw _m-¦p-I-sf-bpw _m-[n-̈ -t¸mÄ {]-Xn-Iq-e km-l-N-cy-s¯ X-·-b-Xz-t¯m-sS t\-cn-Sm³ a-®mÀ-¡m-Sv dq-dÂ kÀ-ho-kv _m-¦n-\p km-[n-¨p. a-®mÀ-¡m-Sv dq-dÂ kÀ-ho-kv _m-¦n-\p C-¶v [-\-Im-cy-tk-h-\-̄ n-\p ]p-d-ta a-®mÀ-¡m-Sv {]-tZ-i-¯n-sâ hn-I-k-\-¯n-\v D-X-Ipw hn-[w a-äp ta-J-e-I-fn-te-¡pw I-S-¶p sN-Ãm³ km-[n-¨n-«p-ïv. hn-Zym-`ym-kw, B-tcm-Kyw, Ir-jn Xp-S-§n-b ta-J-e-sb t{]m-Õm-ln-̧ n-¡p-¶-Xn-eq-sS H-cp \m-Sn-sâ km-aq-ln-I kmw-kv--Im-cn-I {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-fnÂ ]-¦m-fn-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p _m-¦v. a-®mÀ-¡m-Sn-sâ k-¼m-Zy-io-e-s¯ t{]m-

Õm-ln-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw {]-tZ-i-hm-kn-I-fp-sS B-h-iy-§Ä a-\-kn-em-¡n km-¼-¯n-I-k-lm-bw e-`y-am-¡p-¶-Xn-epw _m-¦v h-ln-¨ ]-¦v \n-km-c-a-Ã. 2000þÂ _m-¦v ]qÀ-W-am-bpw I-¼yq-«À-h-Xv-I-cn-¨p. 2001þÂ _m-¦n-sâ B-Zy-s¯

im-J, {]-`m-X km-bm-Ó im-J-bm-bn {]-hÀ-¯-\w Xp-S-§n. 2005þÂ _m-¦n-sâ c-ïm-a-s¯ im-J-bpw {]-hÀ-¯-\w B-cw-`n-¨p. B-tcm-Ky-ta-J-e-bn-se {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä

B-tcm-Ky-ta-J-e-bn-se _m-¦n-sâ C-S-s]-S-ep-IÄ {i-t²-b-am-Wv. _m-¦n-sâ Io-gnÂ {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶ C sI \m-b-\mÀ sa-t½m-dn-bÂ \o-Xn

sa-Un-¡Â skâÀ \Â-Ip-¶ hn-hn-[ tk-h-\-§-fn-eq-sS an-I-̈ hn-äp-h-c-hv t\-Sp-¶p-ïv. a-Wn-¡q-dnÂ 240þÂ ]-cw sS-Ìp-IÄ \-S-¯m-hp-¶ em-_v, B-[p-\n-I kw-hn-[m-\-§-tfm-Sp Iq-Sn-b sl-a-täm-f-Pn Un-¸mÀ-«v--saâv, ssa-t{Im _-tbm-f-Pn Un-̧ mÀ-«v--saâv, F-Iv--k-td, C-kn-Pn Xp-S-§n \n-c-h-[n tk-h-\-§Ä e-`y-am-¡p-¶p-ïv. 2015þ ap-XÂ sd-kv--t]m¬-kn-_nÄ F-¶ t]-cnÂ 40 Ip-«n-IÄ-¡p ku-P-\y-am-bn sF-F-F-kv ]-cn-io-e-\w \Â-In h-cp-¶p. sX-c-sª-Sp-¯ 40 Ip-«n-IÄ-¡v 125 a-Wn-¡qÀ

B-Wv ¢m-kv \Â-Ip-I. C-Xn-sâ t\-Xr-Xzw h-ln-¡p-¶-Xp sF-F-F-kv D-tZym-K-Ø-cm-Wv. ku-P-\y ]-cn-io-e-\-¯n-\p-Å {]-Xn-̂ -e-am-bn _m-¦v Ip-«n-I-fnÂ-\n-¶pw {]-Xo-£n-¡p-¶-Xp km-aq-ln-I tk-h-\-§-fm-Wv. H-cp [-\-Im-cy Øm-]-\-sa-¶-Xn-ep-]-cn F-¡m-e-hpw P-\-]-£-̄ p \n-¶p {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶ a-®mÀ-¡m-Sv dq-dÂ kÀ-ho-kv _m-¦v hy-Xy-kv-X-am-b {]-hÀ-¯-\ ta-J-e-I-fn-eq-sS-bm-Wv C-¶v k-©-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ssP-h ]q

Ir-jn, kp-hÀ-®w HmÀ-Km-\n-Iv tjm-¸v, kv--tIm-fÀ-jn-¸p-IÄ Xp-S-§n-b ]-e Im-cy-§-fn-epw _m-¦v C-¶p k-Po-h-am-bn C-S-s]-Sp-¶p-ïv. tIm-hn-Uv Im-e-¯v {]-tXy-I hm-bv-]m ]-²-Xn

a-®mÀ-¡m-Sv dq-dÂ kÀ-ho-kv _m-¦van-I-¨ {]-hÀ-¯-\-¯n-sâ aq-¶p ]-Xn-äm-ïv

a-


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Fw ]p-cp-tjm-¯-a³ sk-{I-«-dn-bp-am-Wv. A-Sp-̄ n-sS dq-dÂ kÀ-ho-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦n-sâ ssh-hn-[y-amÀ-¶ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-fnÂ kw-L-¯n-sâ ]-cn-Øn-Xn-cw-K-¯p-Å {]-tXy-I C-S-s]-S-en-\v kw-Øm-\-]p-c-k-v-Im-cw e-̀ n-̈ p. A-́ m-cm-{ã k-l-I-c-W Zn-\-̄ n-sâ Cu hÀ-j-s¯ k-tµ-iw tIm-þ-Hm-̧ -td-äo-hv--kv t^mÀ ss¢-a-äv B-£³ F-¶-Xm-Wv. ¹m-Ìn-¡n-s\ \m-«nÂ-\n-¶v ap-à-am-¡p-I-sb-¶ e-£y-hp-am-bm-Wv Ip-«n-k-©n F-¶ B-i-bw _m-¦v \-S-¸m-¡n-b-Xv. H-cp ho-«n-te-s¡m-cp Ip-«n-k-©n F-¶-\n-e-bnÂ Cu kw-cw-`w {i-t²-b-hp-am-bn.

tIm-hn-Uv aq-ew km-¼-¯n-I-am-bn I-ã-X A-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h-sc k-lm-bn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th-ïn a-®mÀ-¡m-Sv dq-dÂ kÀ-ho-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦v {]-tXy-I tIm-hn-Uv hm-bv-]-]-²-Xn-IÄ B-hn-jv-I-cn-̈ p. 100 Zn-h-k-t -̄¡v 3 i-X-am-\w ]-en-i \n-c-¡nÂ tKmÄ-Uv tem¬, {]-hm-kn-IÄ-¡m-bn \m-ep am-k-¡m-e-b-f-hnÂ ]-c-am-h-[n 50,000 cq-]-h-sc ]-en-i c-ln-X tKmÄ-Uv tem¬,{]-tZ-i-s¯ I-¨-h-S-¡mÀ-¡v c-ïv hym-]m-cn-I-fp-sS Pm-ay-¯nÂ e-£w cq-]-h-sc-bp-Å t{S-Uv tem¬, Iq-Sm-sX P-\-dÂ tem¬, A-{Kn tem¬ F-¶n-h-bpw Xp-S-§n-bn-«p-ïv. A-Uz. kp-tc-jv sI {]-kn-Uâpw


-e-¡m-Sv Pn-Ã-bn-se H-cp ImÀ-jn-I {Km-a-am-b A-e-\-eq-cnÂ G-gv ]-Xn-äm-ïv ap-¼v B-Wv A-e-\-ÃqÀ kÀ-ho-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦v {]-hÀ-¯-\-am-cw-`n-¨-Xv. IÀ-j-IÀ-¡pw km-[m-c-W-¡m-cm-b P-\-§Ä-¡pw F-¶pw Xm-§pw-X-W-ep-am-bn {]-tZ-i-¯n-sâ hn-I-k-\-¯n-\m-bn C-¶pw Np-¡m³ ]n-Sn-¡p-¶ A-e-\-eqÀ kÀ-ho-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦v an-I-¨ am-Xr-I-bm-bn k-l-I-c-W {]-Øm-\-¯n-\v ap-XÂ Iq-«m-hp-I-bm-Wv 1932 se a-e-_mÀ tIm-þ-Hm-¸-td-äo-hv B-Îv A-\p-k-cn-¨v 1946 G-{]n-enÂ c-Pn-ÌÀ sN-bv-Xv {]mY-an-I hm-bv-]m k-l-I-c-W kw-L-am-bn {]-hÀ-

-̄\-am-cw-̀ n-̈ _m-¦v ]n-¶o-Sv \m-Snsâ ̀ m-hn \nÀ-W-bn-¡p-¶-Xn-epw {]-[m-\ ]-¦m-Wv h-ln-¨-Xv. a-e-tbm-c IÀ-j-I-cnÂ \n-¶v I-ip-h-ïn, Ip-cp-ap-f-Iv, Xp-S-§n-b a-e-©-c-¡v D-Xv-]-¶-§-fp-sS kw-̀ -c-W-hpw kw-kv--I-c-W-hpw hn-X-c-W-hp-am-bn-cp-¶p Xp-S-¡-Im-e-s¯ {]-hÀ-̄ -\w. Pn-Ã-bn-se ]-e ]-©m-b-̄ p-I-fn-te-¡pw td-j³ km-[-\-§-fp-sS sam-̄ I-̈ -h-S-hpw \-S-̄ n-bn-cp-¶p. h-«n-]-en-i-¡m-cp-sS sIm-Å-b-Sn Nq-j-W-̄ nÂ \n-¶v km-[m-c-W-¡m-cm-b P-\-§-sf c-£-s¸-Sp-¯n-sb-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw _m-¦n-sâ k-µÀ-t`m-Nn-X-am-b C-S-s]-S-en-eq-sS I-gn-ªp. ]n-¶o-Sv ImÀ-jn-I D-¶-a-\-¯n-\pw hy-h-km-b hn-I-k-\-̄ n-\pw Du-¶Â \Â-In A-Xm-Xp Im-e-¯v t\-Xr-Xz-hpw ̀ -c-W-k-an-Xn-bpw P-\-Io-b \n-e-]m-Sv Du-«n-bp-d-¸n-¨p. A-e-\-eqÀ H-¶pw c-ïpw B-bn hn-`-Pn-¨n-cp-¶ A-e-\-eqÀ {Km-aw {]-hÀ-¯-\ ]-cn-[n-bn-ep-Å _m-¦v ¢m-kv h¬ kq-¸À t{K-tUm-sS ap-t¶-dn P-\-t£-a {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä-¡v ]p-Xn-b X-ew \Â-Ip-I-bm-Wv.1984Â F³.kn.Un.kn [-\-k-lm-b-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn A-e-\-eqÀ Su-WnÂ \nÀ-an-¨ tjm-¸nw-Kv tImw-¹-I-v-kv sI-«n-S-hpw 1992Â sF.kn.Un.]n. [-\ k-lm-b-t¯m-sS \n

À-an-̈ tKm-Uu-Wp-a-S-¡w F-Ãm-hn-[ ku-I-cy-§-tfm-Spw Iq-Sn-b ]qÀ-W-am-bpw io-Xo-I-cn-̈ sI-«n-S-̄ n-em-Wv sl-Uv Hm-̂ o-kpw sa-bn³ {_m-©pw {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶-Xv.

F-¶pw km-[m-c-W¡mÀ-s¡m-¸w

ImÀ-jn-I ta-J-e-bn-epw, I-¨-h-S-cw-K-¯pw B-h-iy-am-b [-\-k-lm-b-¯n-\v {]-tZ-i-hm-kn-IÄ

a-äp _m-¦p-I-tf-¡mÄ B-{i-bn-¡p-¶-Xv A-e-\-eqÀ kÀ-ho-kv k-l-I-c-W

_m-¦n-s\-bm-Wv. hn-hn-[ \n-t£-] ]-²-Xn-IÄ, ImÀ-jn-I hm-bv-], kzÀ-W-¸-W-b hm-bv--], km-[m-c-W-hm-bv-], Ip-Spw-_-{io tem-Wp-IÄ, kzm-{i-b-kw-L-§Ä-¡p-Å hm-bv-], `-h-\ hm-bv-] F-¶n-h-bpw, ]-e-X-cw Fw.Un.F-kv.

F-¶n-h-sb-Ãmw _m-¦n-sâ {]-hÀ--̄\-§Ä P-\-Io-b-am-¡n. \nÀ-[-\

tcm-Kn-IÄ, Aw-K-ssh-I-eyw D-Å-hÀ F-¶n-hÀ-¡v ]-en-i-c-ln-X hm-bv-]-bpw \Â-In-h-cp-¶p. km-´z-\w F-¶ t]-cn-

ep-Å ]-en-i-bn-Ãm-¯ \n-t£-]-¯n-sâ ]-en-i D-]-tbm-Kn-¨m-Wv Cu tem¬ \Â-Ip-¶-Xv. \n-c-h-[n t]À-¡v A-¯m-Wn-bm-Wv C-¶n-Xv.

IÀ-j-I tk-h-\ tI-{µw

ImÀ-jn-I, {Km-ao-W-hn-I-k-\-¯n-\v \n-c-h-[n Im-cy-§-fm-Wv _m-¦v sN-bv-Xp-h-cp-¶-Xv. Ir-jn-

¡p-th-ï F-Ãm k-lm-b-§-fpw H-cp-¡n B-ep-§-enÂ IÀ-j-I tk-h-\ tI-{µ-̄ n-sâ H-cp t\-gv--k-dn {]-hÀ-̄ n-¡p-¶p-ïv. ]-̈ -¡-dn ssX-IÄ, hn-̄ p-IÄ, ̂ -e-hr-£ ssX-IÄ, A-e-¦m-c a-Õy-§Ä, ssP-h-h-f-§Ä F-¶n-h-bp-sS D-Xv-]m-Z-\-hpw hn-X-c-W-hpw \-S-̄ p-¶-tXm-sSm-̧ w Ir-jn-¡p-th-ïn-bp-Å H-cp I¬-kÄ-

«³-kn-bm-bpw t\-gv--k-dn {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶p. Ir-jn Xp-S-§p-

¶-hÀ-¡p-th-ïn-bp-Å A-Sn-Øm-\ ]mT-§-fpw ku-I-cy-hpw H-cp-¡n sIm-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-\v ]p-d-sa t]m-j-I-¡p-d-hv, tcm-K-§Ä F-¶n-h ]-cn-l-cn¡p-Xn-\p-Å amÀ-¤-\nÀ-t±-iw C-hn-

k-l-I-c-W ta-J-e-bv-¡v am-Xr-I-bm-bn A-e-\-ÃqÀ kÀ-ho-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦v

-]m

feAt

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sS-\n-¶p e-`n-¡p-¶p. l-cn-X-tk-\ F-¶ t]-cnÂ 16Aw-K ImÀ-jn-I IÀ-a-tk-\-bpw C-hn-sS-bp-ïv. b-{ -́h-Xv-Ir-X Ir-jn-bnÂ ]-cn-io-e-\w t\-Sn-bn-«p-Å C-hÀ B-h-iy-¡mÀ-¡v Ir-jn-¸-Wn-IÄ sN-bv-Xp-sIm-Sp-¡p-¶p. C-Xn-\p-]p-d-sa F-S-¯-\m-«p-I-c-bn-se h-«-a¬-]p-d-̄ v H-t¶-ap-¡mÂ G-¡-dnÂ ]-¨-¡-dn Ir-jn sN-¿p-¶p-ïv. Hm-W-hn-]-Wn {]-[m-\ e-£y-am-¡n a-g-sb B-{i-bn-¨p-sIm-ïp-Å-Xm-Wv Ir-jn. ImÀ-jn-tIm-Xv-]-¶-§Ä hn-X-c-Ww sN-¿p-¶-Xn-\v ^mÀ-ta-gv-kv kÀ-ho-kv skâ-dn-sâ t]-cnÂ H-cp ]-gw-]-¨-¡-dn hn-]-W-\ tI-{µ-hpw sl-Uv-Hm-^o-kv sI-«n-S-¯nÂ {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶p-ïv. Iq-Sp-XÂ t]-sc Ir-jn-bn-te-¡v B-IÀ-jn-¡p-I, k-½n-{i-Ir-jn-bn-eq-sS Ir-jn em-̀ -I-c-am-b _n-kn-\-kv B-¡n am-äp-I F-¶n-h-bv-¡v H-cp tam-UÂ B-bn A-e-\-eq-cnÂ H-¶-c G-¡-dnÂ H-cp am-Xr-Im ^m-apw H-cp-¡n-bn-«p-ïv. ]-¨-¡-dn Ir-jn-¡v ]p-d-sa a-Õyw, tIm-gn, Xm-dm-hv, B-Sv h-fÀ-̄ Â, I-t¼m-Ìv bq-Wn-äv F-¶n-h-sb-Ãmw tNÀ-¶p-Å C-hn-Sw H-cp Ir-jn ]mT-im-e-bm-bn hn-I-kn-¸n-¡m-\m-Wv D-t±-iw.

""X-WÂ'' Ip-S-IÄ

25 F-kv.F-¨v.Pn., sP.FÂ.Pn. {Kq-¸p-IÄ _m-¦n-\v Io-gnÂ {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶p-ïv. ImÀ-jn-I, sN-dp-In-S kw-cw-`-§-fnÂ k-Po-h-am-b C-h-bv-¡p ]p-d-sa 30 Hm-fw Ip-Spw-_-{io {Kq-¸p-I-sf DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bp-Å Ip-S \nÀ-am-W bq-Wn-äv _m-¦n-sâ A-`n-am-\-am-Wv. X-WÂ F-¶ {_m³-Uv s\-bn-an-ep-Å Ip-S-bv-¡v an-I-¨ kzo-I-c-W-am-Wv amÀ-¡-änÂ e-`n-¡p-¶-Xv.

B-bn-c-¡-W-¡n-\v Ip-S-I-fm-Wv ko-k-WnÂ hn-äp-t]m-Ip-¶-Xv. ]-gw-þ-]-̈ -¡-dn hn-]-W-\ tI-{µ-̄ n-\p ]p-d-sa\o-Xn sa-Un-¡Â em-_v, \o-Xn sa-Un-¡Â-kv F-¶n-

h-bpw sl-Uv Hm-^o-kv sI-«n-S-¯nÂ {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶p-ïv. C-Xn-\p ]p-d-sa F-S-¯-\m-«p-I-c-bnÂ \o-Xn sa-Un-¡Â-kpw \o-Xn tÌm-dpw D-®n-bm-enÂ h-fw sU-t¸m-bpw {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶p-ïv. Hm-W-¨-´, hn-jp ]-S-¡-¨-´, \o-Xn kv--IqÄ tÌmÀ F-¶n-h-bpw A-X-Xv k-a-b-¯v \-S-¯n-h-cp-¶p. _m-¦v C-Xn-\-Iw \n-c-h-[n Aw-Ko-Im-c-§Ä t\-Sn-bn-«p-ïv. an-I-¨ k-l-I-c-W _m-¦n-\p-f-f Pn-Ãm-X-e A-hmÀ-Uv, Xm-eq-¡v X-e-¯nÂ

an-I-¨ c-ïm-a-s¯ _m-¦n-\p-Å A-hmÀ-Uv, hm-bv-]m\-ho-I-c-W-¯n-se an-I-hn-\p-Å F-^v.kn._n.F A-hmÀ-Uv, 2019 se s_-kv--d-dv kn.C.H.¡p-Å F-^v.kn._n.F A-hmÀ-Uv, {]m-Y-an-I k-l-I-c-W kw-L-§-fnÂ an-I-¨ I-S-em-kv

c-ln-X l-cn-X kw-cw-`-¯n-\p-Å F-̂ v.kn._n.F A-hmÀ-Uv F-¶n-h t\-Sn-bn-«p-ïv. ]p-Xp X-e-ap-d-bp-sS D-¶-a-\-¯n-\m-bn hn-Zym-`ym-k-cw-K-

v̄ D-¶-X hn-P-bw t\-Sn-b hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ-¡v Iym-jv A-hmÀ-Uv, ]-©m-b-¯v X-e-¯nÂ I-em Im-bn-I a-Õ-c-§Ä kw-L-Sn-¸n-¨v {]-Xn-`-I-sf I-sï-¯n k-½m-\w \Â-In t{]m-Õm-ln-¸n-¡Â F-¶n-h-sb-Ãmw \-S-¯n-h-cp-¶p. sI. A-_q-_-¡À ({]-kn-Uâv), ap-l-½-Zv A-Ðp d-lv--am³ (ssh-kv {]-kn-Uâv), ]n. A-ÐpÄ I-cow, ]n. tKm-]m-e-Ir-jv-W³ \m-bÀ, sI. ap-l-½-Zv, ]n. A-Iv-_À A-en, ]n. Fw. kp-tc-jv Ip-amÀ, I-a-ew, C. _n-µp, Fw.F-kv. im-en-\n, sI.kn. A-\p F-¶n-h-cm-Wv C-t¸m-g-s¯ `-c-W k-an-Xn-bnÂ D-Å-Xv. ]n. {io-\n-hm-k-\m-Wv sk-{I-«-dn

-l-I-c-Ww F-¶ hm-¡v kw-th-Z-\w sN-¿p-¶ k-tµ-i-s¯ A-\zÀ-°-am-¡n sk-©z-dn-bn-te-¡p ap-t¶-dp-I-bm-Wv I-Ã-Sn-t¡m-Sv kÀ-Æo-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦v. F-Ãm AÀ-°-¯n-epw P-\-§-fp-am-bn k-l-I-cn-¨p {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶ _m-¦v ]p-Xn-b ]-²-Xn-I-fn-eq-sS tk-h-\-¯n-sâ ]m-X hn-]p-eo-I-cn-¨p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. sF-Iy-\m-W-b kw-L-am-bn 1923 em-Wv I-Ã-Sn-t¡m-Sv kÀ-Æo-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦v {]-hÀ-¯-\-am-cw-`n-¨-Xv. tk-h-\-]m-c-¼-cyw \q-äm-ïn-t\m-S-Sp-¡p-t¼mÄ ¢m-kv h¬ kv--s]-jyÂ t{K-tUm-Sp Iq-Sn ]m-e-¡m-Sv Pn-Ã-bn-se ap³-\n-c k-l-I-c-W _m-¦p-I-fn-sem-¶m-bn am-dn-¡-gn-ªp. 125 tIm-Sn cq-]-bp-sS \n-t£-]-hpw 93 tIm-Sn cq-]-bp-sS hm-bv-]-bpw an-I-¨ \o-¡n-bn-cp-¸p-ap-f-f Cu k-l-I-c-W-{]-Øm-\w _m-¦n-§n-\p ]p-d-sa \n-c-h-[n tk-h-\-{]-hÀ-¯-\-§-fpw sN-¿p-¶p-ïv.

km-aq-ln-I-tk-h-\-̄ n-epw _-lp-Zq-cw ap-¶nÂ

km-aq-ln-I tk-h-\-]-²-Xn-I-fp-sS `m-K-am-bn _m-¦n-sâ Io-gnÂ Ip-d-ª \n-c-¡nÂ U-bm-en-kn-kv tI-{µw B-cw-`n-¨n-«p-ïv. Po-hn-Xw A-\n-Ýn-X-Xz-¯n-em-b A-t\-Iw Ip-Spw-_-§Ä-¡v C-Xv h-en-b B-izm-kw ]-I-cp-¶p-ïv. C-t¸mÄ k-lm-b-\n-c-¡nÂ \-S-¯p-¶ U-bm-en-kn-kv ]qÀ-®-am-bpw ku-P-\y-am-¡m-\p-Å X-¿m-sd-Sp-¸p-IÄ ]qÀ-¯n-bm-¡n-bn-«p-ïv. D-S³ X-s¶ C-Xv-- \-S-¸m-¡p-sa-¶v _m-¦v `-c-W-k-an-Xn A-dn-bn-¨p. C-Xn-\p ]p-d-sa km-[m-c-W-¡mÀ-¡v \ym-b hn-e-bv-¡v a-cp-¶p-IÄ e-`y-am-¡p-¶ \o-Xn sa-Un-¡Â tÌmÀ, B-[p-\n-I em-_v, an-I-¨ tUm-ÎÀ-am-cp-sS tk-h-\w e-̀ n-¡p-¶ ¢n-\n-Iv F-¶n-h-bpw _m-¦n-sâ \n-b-{´-W-¯nÂ {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶-Xv P-\-§Ä-¡v B-izm-k-I-c-am-Wv. Ip -d -ª \n-c-¡nÂ \n-tXym-]-tbm-K km-[-\-§Ä e-̀ n-¡p-¶

\o-Xn kq-̧ À-amÀ-¡-äv, sa-¼À-am-cp-sS a-c-Wm-́ -cw Ip-Spw-_-§Ä-¡p-f-f [-\-k-lm-bw F-¶n-h _m-¦n-sâ ̀ m-hn ]-²-Xn-I-fm-Wv. km-[m-c-W-¡m-cp-sS km-¼-̄ n-I {]-Xn-k-Ôn-bnÂ F-¶pw Xm-§m-bn {]-hÀ-̄ n-¡p-¶ _m-¦v C-Xn-se Aw-K-§Ä-s¡-Xn-sc P-]v-Xn \-S-]-Sn-IÄ kzo-I-cn-¡m-dn-sÃ-¶pw `-c-W-k-an-Xn ]-d-bp-¶p. kw-Øm-\ kÀ-¡m-dn-sâ kp-hÀ-W tI-c-fw l-cn-X ]-²-Xn-bp-sS ̀ m-K-am-bn hn-j-c-ln-X ]-̈ -¡-dn ssX-I-fp-sS hn-X-c-Ww, kv--Iq-fp-IÄ-¡v ]T-t\m-]-I-c-W hn-X-c-Ww, C-S-]m-Sp-Im-cp-sS a-¡-fnÂ ]-co-j-I-fnÂ D-¶-X hn-P-bw t\-Sn-b-hÀ-¡v Im-jv A-hmÀ-Uv \Â-IÂ, C-S-]m-Sp-IÀ-¡m-bn A-]-I-S C³-jz-d³-kv ]-²-Xn, kÀ-¡m-dn-sâ dn-kv--Iv ̂ -ïv ]-²-Xn Xp-S-§n-b-h-sbm-s¡ I-Ã-Sn-t¡m-Sv _m-¦pw \-S-¸m-¡n h-cp-¶p-ïv.

a-äv ]-²-Xn-IÄ

s\Â-Ir-jn þ l-cn-Xw k-l-I-c-W-¯n-sâ `m-K-am-bn H-cp sl-ÎÀ X-cn-ip `q-an-bnÂ \q-dp-ta-\n s\-Ãv hn-f-bn-¨v I-Ã-Sn-t¡m-Sv kÀ-Æo-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦v- tIm-hn-Uv Im-e-¯v am-Xr-I-bm-bn. sP.FÂ.Pn hm-bv-] þ Ip-d-ª ]-en-i \n-c-¡nÂ Ip-Spw-_-{io bq-Wn-än-\v ]-c-am-h-[n 3

e-£w cq-] h-sc aq-¶v hÀ-j I-em-h-[n-bnÂ hn-hn-[ ]-²-Xn-IÄ-¡m-bn hm-bv-]

\Â-In h-cp-¶p. {_-Ò-Kn-cn Nn-¡³ þ-I-Ã-Sn-t¡m-Sv kÀ-Æo-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦pw {_-Ò-Kn-co-kv sU-h-ev-]-saâv skm-ssk-än Nn-¡³ I-¼-\n-bpw kw-bp-à-am-bn C-d-¨n tIm-gn h-fÀ-̄ -en-\m-bn hy-àn-K-X hm-bv-] \Â-Ip-¶-Xn-\m-bp-f-f {]m-cw-` \-S-]-Sn-IÄ B-cw-`n-¨p \o-Xn kq-̧ À-amÀ-¡-äv þ-I-cn-¼

{Km-a-]-©m-b-̄ v \n-hm-kn-IÄ-¡v Ip-d-ª \n-c-¡n³-taÂ Kp-W-ta-·-

bp-f-f \n-tXym-]-tbm-K km-[-\-§Ä e-`y-am-¡p-

¶-Xn-\p th-ïn \o-Xn kq-¸À-amÀ-¡-äv I-cn-¼-þ-]-f-fn-¸-Sn Pw-£-\nÂ D-

P-\-lr-Z-b-¯n-te-dn \q-äm-ïn-te-¡vI-Ã-Sn-t¡m-Sv kÀ-ho-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦v

k_n-kn-\-kv \yq-kv _yq-tdm

feAt

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S³ {]-hÀ-¯-\w B-cw-`n-¡pw. IÀ-j-I-tcm-sSm-̧ w þ I-Ã-Sn-t¡m-Sv kÀ-ho-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦n-s\ P-\-Io-b-am-¡p-¶-XnÂ ap-Jy-]-¦p-h-ln-¡p-¶-Xv ImÀ-jn-I ta-J-e-bp-sS A-̀ n-hr-²n-¡m-bn \Â-Ip-¶ km-¼-¯n-I ]-²-Xn-I-fm-Wv. kz-́ w sa-¼À-amÀ-s¡m-̧ w þ tIm-hn-Uv-Im-e-¯v sa-¼À-am-cm-b IÀ-j-IÀ-¡pw {]-hm-kn-IÄ-¡pw ]-en-i-c-ln-X tKmÄ-Uv tem¬ \Â-In _m-¦v am-Xr-I-bm-bn.IÀ-j-IÀ-¡v k-lm-b-I-c-am-bn h-fw Un-t¸m-bpw {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶p-ïv.

Hm-ô-kpw {]-hÀ-¯-\ co-Xn-bpw

B-[p-\n-I ku-I-cy-§-tfm-sS-bp-Å sl-Uv Hm-ô-kv I-Ã-Sn-t¡m-«v {]-hÀ-̄ n-¡p-¶p. C-Xn-\p ]p-d-sa Np-¦w, Nq-c-¡m-Sv, C-S-¡p-dp-Èn F-¶n-S-§-fnÂ _m-¦n-sâ im-J-IÄ {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶p-ïv. ]qÀ-®-am-bpw I-¼yq-«À-hÂ-¡-cn-̈ n-«p-Å _m-¦nÂ \n-¶v F-Ãm ssl-þ-sS-Iv tk-h-\-§-fpw e-`y-am-Wv. hn-tZ-i-¯p \n-¶pÄ-s¸-sS ]-Ww kzo-I-cn-¡m-\pw hm-§m-\p-ap-Å ku-I-cyw, tImÀ _m-¦n-§v, BÀ Sn Pn F-kv, F³ C F-^v Sn, cm-Py-s¯-hn-tS-¡pw Un-amâv {Um-^v-äv e-`y-am-¡Â F-¶o ku-I-cy-§-sf-Ãmw I-Ã-Sn-t¡m-Sv kÀ-Æo-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦nÂ e-`y-am-Wv. ImÀ-jn-I hm-bv-]-IÄ-¡p ]p-d-sa hn-hm-lw, I-¨-h-Sw, Nn-In-Õ, hn-Zym-`ym-kw Xp-S-§n G-Xm-h-iy-¯n-\pw A-\p-tbm-Py-am-b hm-bv-]m-]-²-Xn-IÄ I-Ã-Sn-t¡m-Sv _m-¦n-ep-ïv.cm-hn-se 9 a-Wn ap-XÂ cm-{Xn F-«p-a-Wn h-sc sl-Uv Hm-̂ o-knÂ tk-h-\w

e-`y-am-sW-¶ ku-I-cy-hp-ap-ïv. t£-a s]³-j-\p-IÄ, sI F-kv BÀ Sn kn s]³-j³ F-¶n-h-bp-sS hn-X-c-W-hpw _m-¦v \nÀ-h-ln-¡p-¶p-ïv.\n-t£-]-IÀ-¡v--an-I-¨ ]-en-i-bpw Aw-K-§Ä-¡v Un-hn-Uâpw

\Â-Ip-¶p-ïv. C-S-]m-Sp-Im-cp-am-bn B-g-̄ n-ep-Å

_-Ô-am-Wv _m-¦n-s\ P-\-lr-Z-b-§-fn-te-s¡-¯n-¡p-¶ a-{´-sa-¶v {]-kn-U³-dv F F ap-l-½-Zv lm-cn-kv ]-d-bp-¶p. am-\p-jn-I ap-J-ap-Å tk-h-\ {]-hÀ-

-̄\-§-fn-eq-sS \-S-̄ p-¶ km-aq-ln-I C-S-s]-S-ep-I-fm-Wv hn-P-b-c-l-ky-sa-¶pw A-t±-lw Nq-ïn-¡m-«p-¶p. B-tcm-Ky-ta-J-e-bnÂ I-Ã-Sn-t¡m-sS-¶ sIm-¨p-{Km-a-¯nÂ _m-¦v \Â-Ip-¶ tk-h-\-§Ä C-S-]m-Sp-Im-cn-ep-ïm-¡p-¶ kw-Xr-]v-Xn h-ep-Xm-sW-¶v sk-{I-«-dn _n-t\m-bv tPm-k-^v ]-d-bp-¶p.

kÀ-¡m-dn-s\m-¸w

{]-f-b-Im-e-¯v I-Ã-Sn-t¡m-Sv kÀ-ho-kv k-l-I-c-W _m-¦v kÀ-¡m-dn-s\m-¸w \n-¶p. ap-Jy-a-ń-bp-sS

Zp-cn-Xm-izm-k \n-[n-bn-te-¡v aq-¶v e-£w cq-]-bpw C-S-]m-Sp-Im-cp-sS k-½-X-t¯m-sS {]-f-bw D-ïm-b km-¼-̄ n-I hÀ-j-s¯ Un-hn-Uâv Xp-I-bm-b 526650 cq-]-bpw \Â-In.sI-bÀ tlmw ]-²-Xn-bnÂ ho-Sp-sh-bv-¡p-¶-Xn-\v a-säm-cp \m-ep e-£-hpw \Â-In. C-S-]m-Sp-Im-cnÂ km-¼-¯o-I _p-²n-ap-«p-Å-h-cp-sS an-Sp-¡-cm-b a-¡-fp-sS ]T-\-s -̈e-hv G-sä-Sp-¯p sIm-ïv hn-Zym-`ym-k Im-cy-¯nÂ A-h-sc Z-s¯-Sp-¡p-¶ hy-Xy-kv-X-am-b ]-²-Xn-bpw _m-¦v \-S-¸n-em-¡p-¶p-ïv.

I-¨-tIm-gv-kp-I-fnÂ an-I-hmÀ-¶ D-]-cn-]T-\-km-[y-X-IÄ tX-Sn tI-c-f-̄ n-se hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ A-\y-kw-Øm-\-§-sf B-{i-bn-¡p-¶-Xv ]-cn-an-X-s -̧Sp-̄ p-I F-¶ e-£y-hp-am-bn ]m-e-¡m-Sv Pn-Ã-bn-se a-®mÀ-¡m-«v {]-hÀ-¯-\ k-Ö-am-bn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv F-a-dmÄ-Uv tIm-tf-Pv Hm-̂ v BÀ-Sv-kv, k-b³-kv Bâv sS-Iv-t\m-f-Pn. am-dp-¶ Im-e-̄ n-\-\p-k-cn-̈ co-Xn-bnÂ A-´m-cm-{ã \n-e-hm-c-¯n-ep-Å ssl-sS-Iv ]T-\w ku-I-cy-§-fpw tIm-gv-kp-I-fp-am-Wv C-hn-sS hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ-¡m-bn H-cp-¡n-bn-«p-Å-Xv. \-hw-_À A-h-km-\ B-gv-N-tbm-sS {]-hÀ-¯-\w Xp-S-§m-\p-Å F-Ãm X-¿m-sd-Sp-¸p-I-sf-Ãmw F-a-dmÄ-Uv tIm-tf-Pv Hm-^v BÀ-Sv-kv, k-b³-kv Bâv sS-Iv-t\m-f-Pn-bnÂ ]qÀ-¯o-I-cn-¨p I-gn-ªp.

bq-Wn-än F-Uyp-t¡-j³ skm-ssk-än

2005 Â B-cw-`n-¨ bq-Wn-än F-Uyp-t¡-j³ skm-än-bp-sS am-t\-Pv-saân-\p Io-gn-em-Wv F-a-dmÄ-Uv tIm-tf-Pn-sâ {]-hÀ-̄ -\w. hn-hn-[ _n-kn-\-kv kw-cw-`-§-fn-eq-sS I-gn-hp sX-

fn-bn-¨p ap-t¶-dp-¶ ap-l-½-Zv A-ÐpÄ-I-cow ss^-k-em-Wv bq-Wn-än F-Uyp-t¡-j³ skm-ssk-än-bp-sS sN-bÀ-am³. dn-tkmÀ-Sv-kv Bâv Sq-dn-kw ta-J-e-bnÂ G-sd {i-² sN-ep-¯p-¶ bq-Wn-än F-Uyp-t¡-j³ skm-ssk-än-¡v C-́ y-bn-se ]-Xn-s\m-¶p kw-Øm-\-§-fn-epw hn-tZ-i cm-Py-§-fn-epw _n-kn-\-kv kw-cw-`-§-fn-eq-sS kzm-[o-\w D-d-¸n-¡m-\m-bn-«p-ïv. skm-ssk-än-bp-sS B-Zy hn-Zym-`ym-k kw-cw-`-am-Wv a-®mÀ-¡m-«m-cw-`n-¡p-¶ F-a-dmÄ-Uv tIm-tf-Pv Hm-^v BÀ-Sv-kv, k-b³-kv Bâv sS-Iv-\m-f-Pn. a-®mÀ-¡m-t«-Xv H-cp ss]-e-äv kw-cw-`-am-Wv. s]-cn-´Â-a-®, tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv, h-b-\m-Sv, A-t¯m-fn, F-d-Wm-Ip-fw F-¶n-hn-S-§-fn-epw A-Xy-´m-[p-\n-I-hpw A-́ m-cm-{ã ssl-sS-Iv \n-e-hm-c-hp-ap-Å hn-Zym-`ym-k Øm-]-\-§Ä B-cw-`n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-Å X-¿m-sd-Sp-¸p-I-fn-em-Wv skm-ssk-än.

tIm-gv-kp-IÄ

A-\p-Zn-\w hn-I-kn-¨p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡-¶ tem-I-¯n-\v h-cpw Im-e-§-fnÂ hn-P-bn-¡m³ A-\n-hm-cy-am-Ip-¶ tIm-gv-kp-I-fm-Wv F-a-dmÄ-Uv

F-a-dmÄ-Uv tIm-tf-Pvhn-Zym-̀ ym-k cw-K-s¯ ssl-sS-Iv hn-¹-hw

an-_n-kn-\-kv \yq-kv _yq-tdm


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tIm-tf-Pv hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ-¡m-bn H-cp-¡n-bn-«p-f-f-Xv. cm-P-Øm-\n-se kn-¦m-\n-b bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-än-bp-sS bp Pn kn Aw-Ko-Im-c-ap-Å 5 tIm-gv-kp-IÄ F-a-dmÄ-Un-ep-ïv. _n F-kv kn þ-U-bm-en-kn-kv sS-Iv-t\m-f-Pn_n F-kv kn þ sa-Un-¡Â _-tbm-sS-Iv-t\m-f-Pn_n F-kv kn þ e-t_m-d-«-dn sS-Iv-t\m-f-Pn F-¶n-h-bv-¡p ]p-d-sa _n-]n-Pn, Fw _n F þ ^n-\m³-kv Bâv amÀ-¡-änw-Kv F-¶o tIm-gv-kp-I-fm-Wv kn-¦m-\n-b bp-Wn-k-gv-kn-än-bp-am-bn A-̂ n-en-tb-äv sN-bv-Xv \-S-¯p-¶-Xv. Im-en-¡-äv bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-än-bp-am-bn tNÀ-¶v _n-F-þ Cw-¥o-jv, _n-tImw þ ^n-\m³-kv, _n-tImw þ G-hn -tb-j³, _n-tImw þ tem-Pn-Ìn-Iv, _n-tImw þ Un-Pn-äÂ amÀ-¡-änw-Kv F-¶o tIm-gv-kp-I-fpw _n-_n-F þ G-hn-tb-j³, _n-_n-F-þ tem-Pn-Ìn-äv, _n-_n-F-þ Un-Pn-äÂ amÀ-¡-änw-Kv F-¶o tIm-gv-kp-I-fp-ap-ïv. tI-c-f K-h¬-saân-sâ kn-þ B-]v-än-sâ A-©p tIm-gv -kp-I-fm-Wv F-a-dmÄ-Uv tIm-tf-Pv Hm-^v BÀ-Sv-kv, k-b³-kv Bâv sS-Iv-t\m-f-Po-kn-ep-Å-Xv. I-¼yq-«À lmÀ-Uv sh-bÀ Bâv s\-äv hÀ-¡nw-Kv, A-\n-ta-j³, Un-t¹m-a C³ Câo-cn-bÀ Un-ssk-\nw-Kv, Un-t¹m-a C³ t^m-dn³ A-¡u-ïv F-¶n-h-bm-Wv kn-þ B-]v-än-sâ tIm-gv-kp-IÄ. cm-hn-se 9 ap-XÂ D-¨-bv-¡v 2 a-Wn h-sc-bm-Wv ]T-\w k-a-bw. a-äp tIm-tf-Pp-I-fnÂ \n-¶pw k-v-Iq-fp-I-fnÂ \n-¶p-ap-Å hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ-¡m-bn D-̈ -¡v 2.30 ap-XÂ ssh-In-«v 5.30 h-sc-bpw kn-þ-B-]v-äv tIm-gv-kp-IÄ C-hn-sS \-S-¯p-¶p-ïv. ]T-\-t¯m-sSm-¸w A-hÀ-¡v Un-t¹m-a-bpw C-XnÂ tN-cp-I h-gn t\-Sm-\m-hpw.

A-´m-cm-{ã \n-e-hm-cw

ssl-þ-sS-Iv tam-U-enÂ A-´m-cm-{ã \n-e-hm-c-¯n-ep-Å ku-I-cy-§-fm-Wv hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ-¡m-bn F-a-dmÄ-UnÂ H-cp-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]qÀ-®-am-bpw F-bÀ I-ïo-j³ sN-bv-X ¢m-kv ap-dn-IÄ, B¬-Ip-«n-IÄ-¡pw s]¬-Ip-«n-IÄ-¡pw F-bÀ-I-ïo-j³ sN-bv-X {]-tXy-Iw {]-tXy-Iw Xm-a-k ku-I-cyw F-¶n-h H-cp-¡n-bn-«p-ïv. {^o ssh-ss^ kw-hn-[m-\-ap-Å Iym-¼-knÂ X-s¶ ̂ n-äv-\-kv sk³-dÀ, I-s -̂Iv-f-ºv, Iym³-do³ F-¶n-h-bp-ap-ïv. G-g-c G-{I-Ø-e-¯m-bn hym-]n-¨p-In-S-¡p-¶ Iym-¼-kv Zr-iy-`w-Kn-bpw ]-cn-Øn-Xn ku-lr-Z-hp-am-Wv. Iym-¼-knÂ X-s¶

hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ-¡m-bn I-fn-¡-f-hp-sam-cp-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. ^p-Sv-t_mÄ, thm-fn-t_mÄ F-¶n-h-bnÂ Ip-«n-IÄ-¡v {]-tXy-I ]-cn-io-e-\w \Â-Ip-¶-Xn-\v tIm-¨n-s\-bpw \n-b-an-¨n-«p-ïv A-²ym-]-IÀ

G-ä-hpw \-Ã ]-cn-io-e-\w e-̀ n-̈ , ]-cn-N-b-k-¼-¶-cpw Izm-fn-ss -̂Upw B-bn-«p-Å 25 te-sd A-²ym-]-I-cm-Wv F-a-dmÄ-Un-ep-Å-Xv. hn-ZymÀ-°n-I-fp-sS ]T-\ Im-

cy-§-fn-epw A - ` n - c p - N n Xn-cn-¨-dn-ªv A-h-sc t{]m-Õm -ln -¸ n -¨v ap-t¶m-«p \-bn -¡p-¶-Xn-ep-sa-Ãmw C-hÀ k-hn-ti-j {i-² sN -ep -¯p -¶p. sIm-tïm-«n C Fw C F tIm-tf-PnÂ 32 hÀ-j-s¯ kÀ-ho-kn-\p ti-jw hn-c-an-¨ _-joÀ \m -e -I -¯v B-Wv F-a-dmÄ-Uv tIm-tf-Pn-sâ {]n³ -k n - ¸Â . Im-en-¡-äv bq-

Wn-th-gv-kn-än-¡p Io-gn-ep-Å H-cp skÂ-̂ v ss -̂\m³-kv tIm-tf-PnÂ \n-¶v {]n³-kn-¸Â Øm-\w cm-Pn-sh-¨p sIm-ïm-Wv A-t±-lw F-a-dmÄ-Uv tIm-tf-Pn-sâ {]n³-kn-̧ Â Np-a-X-e G-sä-Sp-̄ n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.

D-t±-i-þ-e-£y-§Ä

tI-c-f-¯n-se hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ-¡v kw-Øm-\-¯p X-s¶ G-ä-hpw an-I-¨ ku-I-cy-sam-cp-¡n-s¡m-ïv G-Xp sh-Ãp hn-fn-I-sf-bpw G-sä-Sp-¡m³ ]-cym-]v-X-am-b ]T-\-hpw hy-àn-Xz hn-I-k-\-hpw kz-`m-h-ip-²n-bpw h-fÀ-¯n-sb-Sp-¡p-I-sb-¶ e-£y-am-Wv F-a-dmÄ-Uv tIm-tf-Pn-\p-Å-Xv. C-Xn-\m-bn ]T-\-t¯m-sSm-̧ w hy-àn-Xz hn-I-k-\-̄ n-\m-h-iy-am-b Iv-fm-kp-I-fpw C-hn-sS H-cp-¡n-bn-«p-ïv. C³-dÀ-hyq-I-sf A-\m-bm-k-hpw h-kv-Xp-\n-jvT-hp-am-bn t\-cn-Sp-¶-Xn-\p-Å {]-tXy-I ]-cn-io-e-\-Iv-fm-kp-IÄ, hn-ZymÀ-°n-I-fn-se I-gn-hp-IÄ I-sïv-̄ n h-fÀ-̄ n-sb-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-Å ]-²-Xn-IÄ F-¶n-h-sb-Ãmw C-hn-sS \n-¶v ]T-\w ]qÀ-̄ n-bm-¡n ]p-d-̄ n-d-§p-t¼mÄ A-h-sc F-́ n-\pw {]m-]v-X-cm-¡p-¶p. D-bÀ-¶ amÀ-Iv t\-Sp-¶ hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ-¡v kv-tIm-fÀ-jn-¸pw ]m-h-s¸-« hn-ZymÀ-°n-IÄ-¡v ^o-kn-f-hpw F-a-dmÄ-Uv tIm-tf-PnÂ GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p-ïv.

-S-s¡ a-e-_m-dn-sâ k-l-I-c-W ta-J-e-bn-se G-ä-hpw h-en-b sXm-gn-em-fn {]-Øm-\-am-Wv tI-c-f Zn-t\-iv. 1969Â C-S-¯-«p-Im-cp-sS I-Sp-¯ Nq-j-W-¯nÂ \n-¶pw _o-Un sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf kw-c-£n-¡p-¶-Xn-\v A-¶-s¯ kw-Øm-\ kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ ]qÀ-® k-lm-b-t¯m-sS {]-hÀ-¯-\-am-cw-`n-¨ {]-Øm-\w A-¼-Xv hÀ-jw ]qÀ-¯n-bm-¡n-¡-gn-ªp. hy-h-km-b k-l-I-c-W ta-J-e-bnÂ ssh-hn-[y-hÂ-¡-c-Ww sIm-ïv {i-t²-b-am-b Øm-]-\-am-Wv Zn-t\-iv ^p-Uv-kv. k-l-I-c-W-Øm-]-\-§Ä-¡v tI-c-f-¯n-sâ ]p-tcm-K-Xn-bnÂ \nÀ-Wm-b-I Øm-\-am-Wp-Å-Xv. ]-e-t¸m-gpw sN-dp-̄ p-\nÂ-]n-sâ-bpw t]m-cm-«-̄ n-sâ-bpw `m-Kw Iq-Sn-bm-Wv A-h. tI-c-f Zn-t\-in-sâ cq-]o-I-c-Ww X-s¶ Nq-j-W-¯n-s\-Xn-cm-bp-Å sN-dp-¯p-\nÂ-]m-bn-cp-¶p. 1969 sâ Xp-S-¡-̄ nÂ 3,000 t]À-¡v am-{X-am-Wv Aw-K-Xzw \Â-In sXm-gnÂ \Â-Ip-hm³ km-[n-̈ -Xv. Xp-SÀ-¶v \n-c-h-[n {]-Xn-k-Ôn-I-sf A-Xn-Po-hn-t¡-ïn h-¶p. hy-h-km-b h-Ip-̧ n-se ko-\n-bÀ Hm-^o-k-dpw sF-F-F-kv Im-c-\p-am-b Pn.sI. ]-Wn-¡-sc F-Iv--kn-Iyq-«o-hv sN-bÀ-am-\m-bn tI-{µ-kw-L-̄ nÂ \n-b-an-̈ p. 20 {]m-Y-an-I k-l-I-c-W kw-L-§-fpw A-h-sb A-^n-en-tb-äp sN-bv-Xp-sIm-ïv I-®qÀ B-Øm-\-am-bn H-cp tI-{µ k-l-I-c-W kw-L-hpw Nn-«-tbm-sS \-S-¯n-b {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä ]n-¶o-Sv tem-I-¯n-\p-X-s¶ am-Xr-I-bm-bn. 1980þ-I-fnÂ 22 {]m-Y-an-I k-l-I-c-W kw-L-§-fn-em-bn 42,000 sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡p-h-sc

ap-gp-h³ Zn-\-hpw sXm-gnÂ \Â-Ip-¶-Xn-\pw tI-c-fo-b k-aq-l-̄ nÂ Zn-t\-iv {_mân-\v h-f-sc-tb-sd {]-Nm-cw \Â-Ip-¶-Xn-\pw km-[n-¨p. 1990 h-sc H-cp hn-[w \-¶m-bn {]-hÀ-¯n-¨p-h-¶n-cp-¶ kw-Lw tI-{µ-þ kw-Øm-\ kÀ-¡m-cp-I-fp-sS ]p-I-bn-e hn-cp-²-\-bw, P-\-§-fp-sS D-bÀ-¶ B-tcm-Ky A-h-t_m-[w Xp-S-§n-b Im-c-W-§-fmÂ _o-Un-bp-sS hn-ev-]-\-sb

{]-Xn-Iq-e-am-bn _m-[n-¡p-I-bpw {]-Xn-k-Ôn-bn-e-I-s¸-Sp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. Xp-SÀ-¶v 1996 ap-XÂ ]-c-am-h-[n _o-Un sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf ]p-\-c-[n-h-kn-̧ n-¡p-¶-Xn-\v kw-Lw ssh-hn-[y-hÂ-¡-c-W {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-fnÂ

{i-² tI-{µo-I-cn-¨p.

ssh-hn-[y-h-Xv-I-c-W-¯n-sâ ]m-X-bn-te-¡v

Zn-t\-iv C-¶v ssh-hn-[y-hÂ-¡-c-W-̄ n-sâ ]m-X-bn-em-Wv. ]p-Xn-b kw-cw-`-§Ä tI-{µ ss{]-a-dn kw-L-§-fp-sS A-Sn-Øm-\ ku-I-cy-§Ä D-]-tbm-K-s -̧Sp-̄ n Infrastructure Cost ]-c-am-h-[n Ip-d-̈ p-sIm-ïv B-cw-̀ n-¡p-I-sb-¶-Xm-Wv s]m-Xp-k-ao-]-\w. Iq-Sm-sX ]-c-am-h-[n B-fp-I-sf _o-Un sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf-bpw A-h-cp-sS B-{in-X-sc-bpw ]p-Xn-b sXm-gnÂ ta-J-e-I-fn-te-¡v ]p-\-c-[n-h-kn-¸n-¡p-I F-¶ Zu-Xy-hpw \nÀ-Æ-ln-¨p-h-cp-¶p. 1996 ap-XÂ tI-c-f Zn-t\-iv _o-Un ]-c-am-h-[n sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf C-X-c hy-h-km-b ta-J-e-I-fn-te-¡v ]p-\:c-[n-h-kn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\v {i-a-am-cw-`n-¨p.þ 1997þÂ `-£y kw-kv--¡-c-Ww (Zn-t\-iv ^p-

tKmÄ-U³ Pq-_n-en ]n-¶n-«v tI-c-f Zn-t\-iv

h-_n-kn-\-kv \yq-kv _yq-tdm


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Uv--kv)þ 1999þÂ Zn-t\-iv C³-t^mÀ-ta-j³ sS-Iv--t\m-f-Pn kn-Ìw-kv (Un-äv--kv)þ 2000þÂ Ip-S \nÀ-½m-Ww (Zn-t\-iv Aw-{_-Ã)þ 2001þÂ Zn-t\-iv Hm-Un-täm-dn-bwþ 2007þÂ h-kv-{X \nÀ-½m-Ww (Zn-t\-iv A-̧ m-cÂ-kv)

Zn-t\-iv ^p-Uv--kv

tI-c-f Zn-t\-iv _o-Un sXm-gn-em-fn tI-{µ k-l-I-c-W kw-Lw ssh-hn-[y-hÂ-¡-c-W-̄ n-sâ `m-K-am-bn 1997Â B-cw-`n-¨-Xm-Wv Zn-t\-iv ^p-Uv--kv. tX-§m-]mÂ, sU-kn-t¡-ä-Uv tIm-¡-\-«v ]u-UÀ, shÀ-Pn³ tIm-¡-\-«v Hm-bnÂ, B-bpÀ-th-Zn-Iv t{K-Uv t^mÀ-«n-ss^-Uv tIm-¡-\-«v anÂ-¡v {Iow (tem-§v & kv--t{Sm-§v), tIm-¡-\-«v anÂ-¡v ]u-UÀ, tIm-¡-\-«v Nn-]v--kv, tIm-¡-\-«v e-Up, Manjog F-¶ t]-cnÂ tIm-¡-\-«v tNm-t¢-äv, kv--Izm-jv, Pmw, kn-d-¸v, hn-hn-[-X-cw A-¨m-dp-IÄ, Im-kÀ-tKm-Uv kn.]n.kn.BÀ.sF bnÂ hn-I-kn-¸n-s¨-Sp-¯ km-t¦-Xn-I hn-Zy D-]-tbm-Kn-¨v tX-§m-]mÂ sF-kv--{Iow 'ZnÂ sk'F-¶n-hhn-]-Wn-bnÂ C-d-¡n-bn-«p-ïv. Iq-Sm-sX A-ÜmÀ-¡v I-dn-s]m-Sn-IÄ, I-dn a-km-e-IÄ F-¶n-h D-ev-]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶p. `-£y kw-kv--¡-c-W bq-Wn-än-\v (tX-§m-]mÂ, amw-tKm {Un-¦v--kv, kv--Izm-jv F-¶n-h-bv-¡v) HACCP kÀ-«n-^n-t¡-j-\pw e-`n-¡p-I-bp-ïm-bn. tX-§m-]m-en-\v B-`y-´-c hn-]-Wn-bn-epw hn-tZ-i hn-]-Wn-bn-epw A-t\z-j-W-§Ä Iq-Sp-X-em-bn h-¶p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. {]-Xn-Zn-\w 1000en-äÀ D-ev-]m-Zn-¸n-¡m-hp-¶ A-Xym-[p-\n-I k-Öo-I-c-W-§-fp-Å bq-Wn-äm-Wv Zn-t\-in-\p-Å-Xv. \m-fn-tI-c IÀ-j-I-cnÂ \n-¶v amÀ-¡-äv hn-e-tb-¡mÄ Iq-Sp-XÂ hn-e \Â-In-bm-Wv \m-fn-tI-cw ti-J-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.

Zn-t\-iv Aw-{_-Ã

ssh-hn-[y-hÂ-¡-c-W-¯n-sâ `m-K-am-bn 2000 Â B-cw-`n-¨ kw-cw-`-am-Wv Zn-t\-iv Aw-{_-Ã. kz-Im-cy I-¼-\n-IÄ A-S-¡n-`-cn-¨ Ip-S-\nÀ-½m-W-¯nÂ k-l-I-c-W cw-K-¯n-sâ Np-h-Sp-sh-¸m-Wv Zn-t\-iv \-S-¯n-b-Xv. D-]-t`m-àm-¡-fp-sS A-`n-cp-Nn a-\-Ên-em-¡n hn-hn-[-§-fm-b Ip-S-IÄ \nÀ-½n-̈ v hn-X-c-Ww sN-bv-Xp-h-cp-¶p. D-Õ-h-§-fp-tS-bpw B-tLm-j-§-fp-tS-bpw s]m-en-a Iq-«p-¶ hn-hn-[-X-cw ap-¯p-¡p-S-

I-fpw Zn-t\-iv hn-]-W-\w sN-bv-Xp-h-cp-¶p.

Zn-t\-iv Hm-Un-täm-dn-bw

Zn-t\-in-sâ Øm-]-I sN-bÀ-a³ b-ix-i-co-c-\m-b Pn.sI. ]-Wn-¡-cp-sS \m-a-t[-b-̄ nÂ tI-c-f Zn-t\-ivB-cw-̀ n-̈ a-säm-cp ssh-hn-[y-hÂ-¡-c-W kw-cw-̀ -am-Wv Pn.sI.]-Wn-¡À sa-t½m-dn-bÂ dn-kÀ-̈ v skâÀ/Zn-t\-iv Hm-Un-täm-dn-bw. G-I-tZ-iw 1000t]À-¡v C-cn-¡m-hp-¶ Hm-Un-täm-dn-bw, an-\n tIm¬-^-d³-kv lmÄ, ho-Un-tbm tIm¬-^-d³-kv lmÄ F-¶n-h-bpw C-Xn-sâ `m-K-am-bn {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶p

Zn-t\-iv sF.Sn

ssh-hn-[y-hÂ-¡-c-W-¯n-eq-sS ]p-Xp-N-cn-{Xw kr-ãn-¨ H-¶m-Wv 1999 Â B-cw-`n-¨ Zn-t\-iv sF.Sn. kn-Ìw-kv. k-l-I-c-W t_-¦p-I-fp-sS tkm-^v-äv--sh-

bÀ skm-eq-j³-kv, tImÀ-t_-¦n-§v, I-¼yq-«À ]-cn-io-e-\w, Um-äm skâÀ, F.Sn.Fw F-¶n-h Un-äv--kn-sâ {]-[m-\ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-fm-Ip-¶p.

h-kv-{X \nÀ-½m-Ww

D-ev-]m-Z-\-¯n-sâ 90i-X-am-\-hpw I-b-äp-a-Xn sN-¿p-¶p. jÀ-«v--kv, s_-Uv-jo-äv F-¶o

C-\-§Ä B-`y-´-c-hn-]-Wn-bnÂ e-`y-am-Wv.

ss{]-a-dn kw-L-§-fp-sS ssh-hn-[y-hÂ-¡-c-Ww

sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ sI-«n-¸-Sp-¯ Zn-t\-iv F-¶ {_mâv N-cn-{X-¯nÂ \n-¶pw am-ªp-t]m-Im-Xn-cn-¡p-hm³ ss{]-a-dn kw-Lw-X-e-̄ n-epw ssh-hn-[y-h-Xv-I-c-W kw-cw-`-§Ä

B-cw-̀ n-̈ n-«p-ïv. _o-Un hy-h-km-b-̄ nÂ sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ A-\p-Zn-\w Ip-d-ªp-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. 42000 sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ D-ïm-bn-cp-¶-t¸mÄ B-h-iy-ap-ïm-bn-cp-¶ A-Sn-Øm-\-ku-I-cy-§Ä \-ho-I-cn-̈ v Iq-Sp-XÂ ap-XÂ-ap-S-¡v h-cp-̄ m-sX ]p-Xn-b kw-cw-̀ -§Ä ss{]-a-dn kw-Lw X-e-̄ nÂ B-cw-̀ n-¡p-¶-Xn-\v \-S-]-Sn-IÄ kzo-I-cn-̈ p I-gn-ªp. hm-jn-§v ]u-UÀ \nÀ-½m-W-bq-Wn-äv, I-s^ Zn-t\-iv F-¶ t]-cnÂ d-tÌm-dâv, Zn-t\-iv kq-̧ À amÀ-¡-äv, Zn-t\-iv Im-ä-dn-§v skâÀ & d-tÌm-dâ, Zn-t\-iv tkm-¸v & Un-äÀ-Pâv bq-Wn-äv , Zn-t\-iv ^m-an-en tjm-¸n F-¶ t]-cnÂ I-®q-cn-se X-fm-̧ nÂ Zn-t\-iv D-ev-]-¶-§-fp-tS-bpw a-äv \n-tXym-]-tbm-K km-[-\-§-fp-tS-bpw H-cp hnÂ-]-\ tI-{µw F-¶o ta-J-e-I-fnÂ {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-¶p. C-´y-bn-se G-ä-hpw h-en-b hym-]m-c hn-I-k-\ kw-L-S-\-bm-b ASSOCHAM 2014 se G-ä-hpw \-Ã sN-dp-In-S hy-h-km-b-̄ n-\v \Â-Ip-¶ 'Fair Busi-ness Practice' tZ-io-b A-hmÀ-Un-\v tI-c-f Zn-t\-iv _o-Un hy-h-km-b k-l-I-c-W kw-L-s¯-bm-Wv Xn-c-sª-Sp-̄ -Xv. Xp-SÀ-¶p-Å 5 hÀ-j-§-fn-epw Cu A-hmÀ-Uv e-`n-¡p-I-bp-ïm-bn. \n-e-hnÂ Fw sI Zn-t\-iv _m-_p B-Wv sN-bÀ-am³.

fsc Imeambn BtcmSv tNmZn¨mepw IqSpXÂ t]cpw Hcpt]mse ]dbpI, Hmlcn hn]Wn \ap¡v ]änÃ. AsXm¶pw ssIImcyw sN¿m³ \½sf sImïmhnÃ. AsXms¡ henb henb BfpIÄ¡v am{Xw sN¿m³ Ignbp¶ ImcyamWv Fs¶ÃmamWv. kXy¯nÂ F´mWv Hmlcn hn]Wn F§ns\bmWv AXv {]hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv Fs¶ms¡ a\Ênem¡nbmÂ \ap¡v ]dbm³ Ignbpw FÃmhÀ¡pw ssIImcyw sN¿mhp¶ cq]¯nÂ Xs¶bmWv Hmlcn hn]WnbpsS bYmÀ° LS\ F¶Xv. {][m\ambpw a\Ênemt¡ïXv sam¯¯nÂ I¼\nIsf Ipdn¨pw AXpt]mse \½psS cmPy¯v A¯cw I¼\nIfpsS km[yXIsf Ipdn¨pw Xs¶bmWv. FSp¯p ]dtbï Hcp {][m\ Imcyapïv. Hmlcn hn]WnbnÂ BcmWv k¼¯p t\Sp¶Xv F¶v tNmZn¨mÂ Ht¶m ctïm hÀjt¯¡v \nt£]n¡p¶hÀ Xs¶bmWv kXy¯nÂ em`w sIm¿p¶Xv.

aäpÅhÀ FÃmw Hmlcn hn]WnbnÂ kabw Nnehgn¨mepw em`w t\Sns¡mÅWsa¶nÃ. Gähpw Ipdª dnk-vInÂ Hmlcn hn]Wnsb ssIImcyw sN¿m³ \½Ä Hcp \Ã \nt£]I³ Bbn amdWw. Hmlcn hn]Wn F¶Xv Ibänd¡§fpsS temIamWv. hn]Wn apIfnte¡v tIdpt¼mÄ 15 apXÂ 30 iXam\w FÃmw em`w In«pt¼mÄ Hmlcn hnäp amdn em`w FSp¡Â \S¯pI F¶XmWv Hcp {][m\ kv{SmäPn. AXpt]mse asämcp coXnbmWv Hmlcn Gähpw Ipdª hne hcp¶ kab¯p hm§pI ]n¶oSv hne IqSn \nÂ¡pt¼mÄ hnäp em`w FSp¡pI F¶Xpw. Hmlcn hn]Wnsb Ipdn¨v sXämb [mcWIÄ BWv ]et¸mgpw Hcp \Ã \nt£]Is\ ]nt¶m«v hen¡p¶ {][m\ LSIw. F¶mÂ ]cntim[n¨p t\m¡nbmÂ Hmlcn hn]Wn t]mse k¼¯ns\ hfÀ¯m³ klmbn¡p¶ asämcp \nt£] amÀ¤w CÃ F¶v Xs¶ ]dbmw. Hmlcn hn]WnbnÂ \nt£]w \S¯pt¼mÄ kzm`mhnIambpw

hn]Wnbdnªp \nt£]n¨mÂHmlcnbnÂ em`w Dd¸v

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A-aoÀ jm ]m-ïn-¡m-SvkÀ-«n-ss^-Uv C³-sh-Ìv-saâv I¬-kÄ-«âvC-Izn-än C-´ym & dn-kÀ-¨v85 4748 4769


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\½Ä \½psS cmPy¯nsâ k¼Zv hyhØbnÂ `mKamhp¶p F¶v ]dbmw. Xs¶bpaÃ \½psS k¼¯ns\ C³^v--tfj³ CÃmsX kabmkab§fnÂ em`w FSp¯p sImïv F¶pw em`¯nÂ sImïv \S¡m³ Gähpw \Ã amÀ¤amWv Hmlcn hn]WnbnÂ \nt£]w \S¯pI F¶Xv. Hmlcn hn]Wnsb ]e cq]¯nÂ Im-WpIbpw ssIImcyw sN¿pIbpw sN¿p¶hcpïv. Hmlcn \nt£]w \S¯pt¼mÄ ]e Xcw C³shÌvsaâv coXnIsf Ipdn¨pw tIÄ¡m\pw ImWm\pw CShcpw. F¶mÂ {]Xy£¯nÂ \½Ä a\Ênemt¡ïXv em`w F¶Xv \nt£]w \S¯n sImïv Xs¶ t\SnsbSpt¡ï hnPbw BWv. AÃmsX aäpÅ coXnbnÂ leverage t\Sn sImïv sN¿p¶ Hmlcn hym]mcw F¶pw \nt£]I\v \ãw am{Xta hcp¯q. Xs¶bpaÃ A¯cw Imcy§Ä FÃmw tImÀ¸tdäv cq]¯nepÅ I¼\nIÄ¡v am{Xta sN¿m³ IgnbpIbpÅq. ImcWw AXn\p hfscb[nIw {]KÂ`cmb C³shÌvsaâv s{]ms^jWÂkv Xs¶ thWw. Hmlcn hn]Wnbnse asämcp {][m\ hnjbamWv Ft¸mÄ \nt£]w \S¯Ww AXpt]mse Ft¸mÄ Hmlcn-bnÂ \n¶pw hnäp amdn em`w FSp¡Ww Fs¶Ãmw. \n§Ä Hmlcn hn]WnbnÂ \nt£]w \S¯pt¼mÄ Imcyambpw a\Ênemt¡ï hnjbamWv \n§fpsS \nt£]¯nÂ ImWp¶ em`w.

\n-t£-]-I-cp-sS {i-²-bn-te-¡m-bn C-{¸m-h-iyw C-Izn-än C-ý & dn-kÀ-¨v ]-cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶ Hm-l-cn-bm-Wv PTC India Ltd. C-ý-bn-epw A-bÂ cm-Py-§-fm-b t\-̧ mÄ, ̀ q-«m³ _w-¥m-tZ-iv F-¶n-hn-S-§-fn-epw power trading tk-h-\w \Â-Ip-¶ I-¼-\n-bm-Wv C-Xv .

I-gn-ª 15 hÀ-j-s¯ {]-hÀ-¯-\w hn-e-bn-cp-

XoÀ¨bmbpw AXv hnäp amdn FSp¯mÂ am{Xta \n§fptSXmhp¶pÅq. AXv sImïv Hmlcn \nt£]¯nte¡p IS¶p hcp¶ FÃm BfpIfpw {]tXyIw {i²nt¡ï hnjbamWv em`saSp¡Â {]{Inb F§ns\ F¶Xv. Hmlcn hn]WnbnÂ \n§Ä \nt£]w \S¯m³ ap¶n«nd§pt¼mÄ Imcyambpw {i²nt¡ï hnjbamWv I¼\nbpsS Hmlcn hne \nehmcw, AhcpsS _nkn\kv F{Xam{Xw Ignª Ime§fnse {]hÀ¯\w sImïv hfÀ¶p hepXmbn, I¼\n ssIImcyw sN¿p¶ {][m\ taJe GsXms¡. AhÀ \nt£]IÀ¡v hÀjmhÀjw UnhnUâv sImSp¡mdptïm, CXnÂ \nt£]w \S¯nbmÂ \½psS k¼ v̄ hfcm³ Cu I¼\n klIamhptam Fs¶ms¡ sNdnbXmb cq]¯nÂ a\Ênem¡p¶Xv hfsc \¶mhpw. Xs¶bpaÃ Hcn¡epw \n§fptSXÃm¯ ]Wtam, ]eni¡v hm§nb ]Wtam AXÃ F¦nÂ s]s«¶v Bhiyw hcp¶ ]Wtam H¶pw Hcn¡epw Hmlcnhn]WnbnÂ \nt£]n¡cpXv. ImcWw Hmlcn hn]Wn F¶Xv ̀ mhnsb B{ibn¨pÅ \nt£]w BWv. AXn\p hfÀ¨ F¶v ]dbpw t]mse Xs¶ XfÀ¨bpw ImemIme§fnÂ h¶p sImïncn¡pw. AXns\sbms¡ XcWw sNbvXp \nt£]w \S¯m³ \½Ä kÖcmbn apt¶m«p h¶mÂ \nt£]w \S¯m³ Hmlcn hn]Wn \Ã taJe-bmWv

¯n-bmÂ \n-t£-]-IÀ-¡v an-I-¨ em-`w t\-Sn-s¡m-Sp-¡m³ PTC C-́ y-¡p I-gn-ªn-«p-ïv. G-sd hÀ-j-§Ä-¡v ti-jw ho-ïpw h-f-sc Ip-d-ª hn-e \n-e-hm-c-¯nÂ Cu Hm-l-cn hn-]-W-\w sN-¿-s¸-Sp-¶p F-¶-Xm-Wv Cu Hm-l-cn Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡m³ {]-[m-\ Im-c-Ww. I-gn-ª H-cp hÀ-j-s¯ hn-e-\n-e-hm-cw ]-cn-tim-Zn-̈ mÂ Iq-Sn-b hn-e-bm-b 68 cq-]-bnÂ \n-¶pw h-f-sc Xm-sg 45 cq-]-bnÂ Cu Hm-l-cn t{S-Uv sN-¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. C-t¸m-g-s¯ hn-e-bm-b 45 cq-]-bnÂ H-cp 15 am-k Im-em-h-[n-bnÂ \n-t£-]w \-S-¯n-bmÂ Hm-l-cn 100 cq-]-bv-¡p ap-I-fnÂ t{S-Uv sN-¿-s¸-Sm³ km-[y-X h-f-sc Iq-Sp-X-em-Wv.

PTC C-́ y-bp-sS h-fÀ-̈ , Kp-W-ta-·, km-¼-̄ n-I Øn-c-X, em-`-£-a-X F-¶n-h-sb-Ãmw ]-cn-K-Wn-¡p-t¼mÄ \n-t£-]w \-S-̄ m-\pw \-Ã Un-hn-Uâv t\-Sn-sb-Sp-¡m-\pw I-gn-bpw. \n-t£-]n-¡p-¶ Hm-tcm 45 cq-]-¡pw 5 cq-] Un-hn-Uâv am-{Xw In-«p-¶p F-¶v ]-d-bp-t¼mÄ \n-t£-]-I-\v G-ä-hpw A-\p-tbm-Py-am-b Hm-l-cn-bm-Wv PTC India Ltd.

(Hm-l-cn t]m-ep-Å \n-t£-]-§Ä F-t¸m-gpw amÀ-¡-än-sâ K-Xn-hn-K-Xn-¡Ä-¡p A-\p-kr-X-am-bn N-en-¨p sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-I-bpw em-`-\-ã km-[y-X-bp-Å-Xpw B-sW-¶v {]-tXy-Iw HmÀ-¡p-I.)

]n Sn kn C-ý

-c-f-¯n-\v a-l-¯m-b H-cp hn-Zym-`ym-k ]m-c-¼-cy-ap-ïv. Kp-W-ta³-a-bp-Å hn-Zym-`ym-kw hn-ZymÀ-°n-bp-sS A-h-Im-i-am-Wv. A-Xv D-d-¸m-t¡-ï Np-a-X-e hn-Zym-e-b-§Ä-¡pw A-²ym-]-IÀ-¡p-am-Wv. tem-I-¯n-se G-Xp hn-I-kn-X-cm-Py-s¯ k-am-\-{]m-b-¡m-cp-sS-bpw \n-e-hm-c-¯n-te-¡v A-dn-hn³-sd-bpw ti-jn-I-fp-sS-bpw B-ß-hn-izm-k -¯n³ -sd -bpw Im-cy -¯nÂ \-½p-sS I p - « n - I - s f D -bÀ -¯p -I F -¶ -Xm -W v K p -W - t a³ -a-bp-Å hn-Z y m - ` y m -kw F-¶-Xp-sIm-ïp-t±-in-¡p-¶-Xv. C-§-s\ A-´m-cm - {ã \n-e-hm-c-¯n-ep-Å an-I-¨ hn-Zym-`ym-kw \Â-Ip-¶ kv--Iq-fp-I-fnÂ H-¶m-Wv en-kv--t^mÀ-Uv CâÀ-\m-j-WÂ. a-e-̧ p-dw Pn-Ã-bn-se a-t©-cn-bn-em-Wv Cu kv--IqÄ Øn-Xn sN-¿p-¶-Xv D-¶-X-\n-e-hm-cw ]p-eÀ-¯p-¶ ¹-kv h¬ k-b³-kv, sIm-ta-gv--kv tIm-gv--kp-IÄ \-S-¯p-¶ l-bÀ sk-¡â-dn kv--Iq-fm-Wv en-kv--t^mÀ-Uv CâÀ-\m-j-WÂ. en-kv--t^mÀ-Uv CâÀ-\m-j-W-en-sâ ¹-kv h¬ k-b³-kv ]T-\-¯nÂ tI-c-f kn-e-_-Êv k-b³-kv kv-{So-an-s\m-¸w a-äp-]-cn-io-e-\ ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fpw DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p-ïv. ¹-kv Sp I-gn-ª-Xn-\p-ti-jw sF-kÀ, ss\-kÀ, C-´y³ C³-Ìn-äyq-«v Hm-^v k-b³-kv, sF.sF.Sn, sk³-{SÂ bq-Wn-th-gv--kn-äo-kv, \m-j-WÂ Un-^³-kv A-¡m-Z-an, t\-hn, F-bÀ-t^m-gv--kv, Bw-Uv t^m-gv--kv sa-Un-¡Â tIm-tf-Pv, sd-bnÂ-sh Xp-S-§n C-´y-bn-se-bpw hn-tZ-i-s -̄bpw {]-i-kv-X Øm-]-\-§-fnÂ

sa-Un-¡Â, F³-Pn-\o-b-dnw-Kv, bp.Pn Xp-S-§n-b tIm-gv--kp-IÄ kv--tIm-fÀ-jn-t¸m-Sp-Iq-Sn {]-th-i-\w t\-Sp-¶-Xn-\v B-h-iy-am-b ]-cn-io-e-\-§Ä ¹-kv h¬ ¹-kv Sp ]T-\-t¯m-sSm-¸w \Â-In-sIm-ïm-Wv en-kv--t^mÀ-Uv CâÀ-\m-j-WÂ k-b³-kv tIm-gv--kv kw-L-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv. sIm-ta-gv--kv kv-{So-anÂ ]Tn-¡p-¶-

hÀ-¡v A-\p-_-Ô tIm -g v - -kp -I -fm -bn bp.sI kÀ-«n-ss^-Uv _n-kn-\-Êv tIm-g v - -kp -IÄ kn.F, kn.Fw.F, sF.kn.kn.F F-¶n-h-bv-¡p-f-f ̂ u-tï-j³ tIm-gv- -kp-IÄ, ]n.F-kv.kn \n-b-a-\-§Ä-¡v kÀ-¡mÀ Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨n-«p-f-f Iw-]yq-«À B-¹n-t¡-j³ tIm-gv--kp-IÄ, Sm-en I-¼-\n

\Â-Ip-¶ Sm-en Iw-]yq-«-ssd-kv-Uv A-¡u-ïnw-Kv tIm-gv--kp-IÄ F-¶n-h-bpw \Â-In h-cp-¶p. hn-ZymÀ-°n-I-fp-sS ]T-\ \n-e-hm-cw sa-s¨-¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn-\m-bn \n-c-´-c-am-b A-k-kv-saâv t{]m-{Kmw, saâ-dnw-Kv t{]m-{Kmw, hn-hn-[ ta-J-e-I-fn-se hn-Z-Kv-[-cp-sS A-[n-I ¢m-kp-IÄ F-¶n-h en-kv--t^m-Un-s\ hy-Xy-kv-X-am-¡p-¶p. \-kn-dp-Zo³ B-ep-§Â en-kv--t^mÀ-Uv CâÀ-\m-j-WÂ kv--Iq-fn-sâ am-t\-Pnw-Kv U-b-d-Î-dpw, Pm-_nÀ B-\-¡-bw, Hm F h-lm-_v, ssl-ZÀ tIm-«-bnÂ, k-enw, ap-l-½-Zv AÂ-¯m-^v, ap-l-½-Zv ]q-t¡-e-h-f-¸nÂ F-¶n-hÀ s{]m-tam-t«-gv--kp-am-Wv. a-t©-cn ]m-ïn-¡m-Sv tdm-UnÂ bq-Wn-b³ _m-¦v _nÂ-Un-§nÂ B-Wv en-kv-t^mÀ-Uv C³-dÀ-\m-j-WÂ kv--IqÄ {]-hÀ-̄ n-¡p-¶-Xv. Iq-Sp-XÂ hn-h-c-§Ä-¡v 7994965885 F-¶ \-¼-dnÂ _-Ô-s -̧Sp-I-tbm www.lisfordinternational.com F-¶ sh-_v-ssk-äv k-µÀ-in-¡p-I-tbm sN-¿p-I.

hn-Zym-`ym-k-cw-K-¯v ]p-Xp-hn-¹-hwkr-ãn-¡m³ en-kv--t^mÀ-Uv

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