Aliran Turbulen dalam Pipa

Profil kecepatan dan tegangan geser

Turbulent Shear Stress

Laminar Shear Stress

Turbulent Shear Stress

lm= ukuran rata-rata eddies = panjang rata-rata campuran

Turbulent Velocity Profile

Viscous sublayer : sangat tipis (<1% dari diameter), tetapi sangat penting karena terjadi perubahan kecepatanbyang sangat besar.

Diagram Moody

Faktor gesekan pada aliran turbulen tergantung angka Reynolds dan kekasaran relatif ε/D.

Diagram Moody

Colebrook equation

S.E. Haaland

Prandtl equation

Harga Kekasaran Permukaan

Types of Fluid Flow ProblemsDesain dan analisis sistem perpipaan:1. Determining pressure

drop (or head loss) when the pipe length and diameter are given for a specified flow rate (or velocity).

2. Determining the flow rate when the pipe length and diameter are given for a specified pressure drop (or hed loss)

3. Determining the pipe diameter when the pipe length and flow rate are given for a specified pressure drop (or head loss)

Rumus