TOY

TOY " " .. Pranitis 1939 - .. Sanctuary.

" , Leo . Lehmann.

1939, Sanctuary 1940 , " II", 1941.

, 4 "Sedition" , II.

, Sanctuary 1950 , . " " 1970. " , " 1939 , .

1972, " " " Sank-tuary " Col. Sanctuary , .

" " - II, .

James K. Warker 1985

TO

, .

1892, 100 . , . . - - , , .

Desktop Publishing: COMPUTERS I/O, . , . 031-200439 : , . , . 031-245021

REV. I. B. PRANAITIS : : :

, , " , - . Pranaitis, , . .

, Pranaitis, " , " . Pranaitis " "" [1] .

1934, " ;" , . " " . " ". " .

- , " " , .

.. Sanctuary 1. , . 87, -

- E.N.S.

10 13 16 32

37 . 37 1. 39 2. 52 54 3. 57 II. 57 1. 62 2. 74 3.

II III. 85 1. " 85 2. 89 3. 89 4. 93 IV. - 97 1. 98 1. 98 2. 102 3. 105 4.

106 2. 109 1. 110 2.

-8-

3. ( ) 113

4. 115 5.

115 6. "

116 7. "

117 8. 118 9.

118 121

123

II - 135

III - - - 160

IV . - . FREEDMAN 211

V - GUIBBORY 223

VI 231

, , . , " " , , .

, , , , .

" , , .

- , " " , " [2].

.

2. "

-11-

, " .

" , .

TO " LAMUD - , . , Talmud, , .

, -[3] . , " , Torah Schebiktab, " , , Torah Scebeal Peh. , [4].

, . -

3. Rabbi Levin in Berakhoth Fol 5a. Rabbi Iochanan in Megillah, F, 19b

4. , . XXIV,12: " , " , , , , " " " " , "" , " " Mischnah, " " , " " Gemarah. Berakhoth, Fol 5a

-14-

-. " .

, " , " " , . , , .

, Jehuda, , , , , , . Sepher Mischnaioth Mischnah - () . , , " .

To Mischnah . . , - - , .

, Mischnah , Gemarah.

" , Mischnah "

-15-

Gemarah , .

, Mischnah, . , , . . Mischnah Gemarah.

Mischnah " Jehuda, , " Gemarah . Jochanan, . 39 Mischnah, 230 ..

Gemarah, , , . Aschi 327 .. " . Maremar 427 .. Abina 500 .. Gemarah 36 .

Gemarah, Misc hnah, : , , , .

Gemarah Tosephoth. Chaia Misch naioth. Uschaia

-16-

. Mischnah, " , Baraietoth .

Piske Tosephoth, .

" , " . -. Tosephoth Ascher.

Perusch Moische ben Maimon, Rambam , Maimonides, Schelomo, Jarchi Raschi.

, Mischnah, Gemarah, Tosephoth, Ascher, Piske Tosephoth Perusch Hamischnaioth Maimonides, " , , .

, , :

I. ZERAIM: . , , , : , .

II. MOED: . , , , .

III. NASCHIM: . , , , ..

-17-

IV. : . , .

V. KODASCHIM: . .

VII. TOHORTH: . , - .

, Schishah Sedarim - , , Mas-siktoth, Perakim.

I. ZERAIM. 11 Masechtoth. 1. BERAKHOTH. .

. 2. . . , " .

3. DEMAI. . " .

4. KILAIM. . .

5. SCHEBHTH. . .

6. TERUMOTH. . .

7. MAASEROTH. , .

8. MAASER SCHENI. . 9. CHALLAH - ,

. 10. OPLAH. .

.

11. BIKKURIM: .

-18-

II. MOED. Masechtoth. 1. SCMABBATH - . .

2. ERUBHIN . () - .

3. PESACHIM - . .

4. SCHEKALIM - Shekel . .

5. - . .

6. SUKKAH - . - .

7. BETSAH . .

8. ROSCH HASCHANAH - . .

9. . .

10. MEGILLATH - . . Purim.

11. MOED KATON - . Pesach Succoth.

12. CHAGIGAH - Pesach, Sukkoth Tabernacles.

III. NASCHIM- Masechtoth. 1. JEBBAMOTH - . .

-19-

2. KETHUBOTH - . .

3. KIDDUSCHIN - . 4. GITTIN . 5. NEDARIM - .

, .

6. NAZIR - . .

7. SOTAH - .

IV. . Masechtoth. 1. KAMA - .

, . 2. METSIA - . , , , , .

3. BATHRA - . . .

4. SANHEDRIN - . .

5. - . ( ) .

6. SCHEBUOTH - . .

7. EDAIOTH - . .

8. HORAIOTH - .

-20-

.

9. ABHODAH ZARAH - . 10. - . . PIRKE .

V.KODASCHIM Masechtoth. 1. ZEBBACHIM - . -

. 2. CHULIN - .

.

3. MENACHOTH - -. -.

4. BEKHORTH - . .

5. ERAKHIN - . , .

6. TEMURAH - . .

7. MEILAH , . .

8. KERITHUTH - . .

9. TAMID - . .

10. MIDDOTH - . .

11. - . -

-21-

, ..

VI. TOHOROTH. 12 Masechtoth. 1. KELIM - .

, .. .

2. OHOLTH - . .

3. NEGAIM - . .

4. PARAH - . .

5. TOHOROTH - . .

6. MIKVAOTH - . " .

7. NIDDAH - . .

8. MAKSCHIRIN - . .

9. - . .

10. TEBHUL - . 11. IADAIM - .

, , .

12. OKETSIN - .

- 2 2 -

. 63 524 . " , . .

4 : MASSEKHETH SOPHERIM - . . 21 . EBHEL RABBETI - . 14 . ALLAH - , , . . MASSEKHETH DEREKH ERETS - . RABBAH - ZUTA - . 16 . , PEREK SCHALOM - .

, . , Isaac ben Jacob Alphassi, 1032, , Hala-khoth . , , . , .

Maimonides, " ". 1180, Maimonides Mischnah Torah - , ad Chazakah

- 2 3 -

. 14 . . Maimonides . , . , . 1205. " , "" . Maimonides "" . 1340, Jacob ben Ascher, Maimonides, " , " . , , Jacob ben Ascher, Arbaa Turim - , :

I. ORACH CHAHM - - . II. JORE DEAH - , . III. CHOSCHEN HAMMISCHPAT - IV. HAEZER - , . Alphasi,

Maimonides Jacob ben Ascher . .

- 2 4 -

Joseph Karo, (1488-1577), - Arbaa Turim, Schulchan Aruth - " ". " , , " " Joseph Karo . , Mosche Isserles , Darkhe Mosche - Mosche, , Joseph Karo . , " " , . ( . ). , . . , , , . : Babha Metsia, 33, : "

, , Mischnah , Ge-marah ". Sopherim XV, 7, .13b: " , Mischnah Gema-rah ". ,

:

- 2 5 -

" , " "* (* . Erubhin, 21b). Sanhedrin , 3, .88b: " ".

, - , .

Erubhim, .131b, Hillel Schamai, :

" ".

Mizbeach* (* . Joan Buxtorf, Recensio operis Talmud, 225), V, :

" ".

" * (* . Talmud Babli, Berachoth, . Berlin, 1842, .8).

. 553 .. " .* (* . Authe-rticae Constitutiones, Novella 146). 13 "

-26-

9 4, " (. Corp iuris can VII Dek-retal, lib V, Tit IV, cap 1).

, - III, IV, IV, V, XIII, - VIII, VII, XIV, (Index) Trent, .[*]

[* Index Expurgatorius (1887) " XIII, " " :

" , , , IV, , , . , VIII, 1592 .. , . , , . , " ".

1510 , , -

-27 -

Johannus Pfefferkorn, . "Reuchlinian" Reuchlin, , , , . . -, , Reuchlin . Dominus Hoogstra-ten, , . 1516 Reuchlin. , , . , Reuchlin , .

[ , : " "]-

16 , , , , . . , 12 , , " , 1520*. , , .

-28-

16 17, , , , . , 1578 .

, 1631, . , . , , .

" , , . , 1644-1648 " * (" , . . ).

haiah () , .* (* , Schul-chan Arukh,

* Martin Luther , . Em. Deitsch Quarterly Review, .1867, " ;".

-29-

1594 : " " , ... ", . , 1873 : " , ... " .). " , , , . , gam attah, " ", . " ", aphilu bazzeman hazzeh, " ", . " .* (* . Choschen ham. 338, 10 Jore deah, 159, 1, .).

, ZOHAR. ,

, Joshua , .

" ZOHAR, ZEHAR, . , , - .

Schimeon ben Jochai, Akibha, , , 120 .. . , Rambam ( Mosche ben Nachman), Ascher,

-30-

1248 .., " , ZOHAR 13 . , , . .

, . " " : BIAR , , . . HALAKHOTH - HILKHTH - . , Maimonides, Beshai, Edels,, Moses Kotzen, Kimchi . HILKOTH AKUM Maimonides. . HILKHTH -LOTH ASAVRTH.

IUCHASIN SEPHER IUCHASIN - . 1500. 1580.

JALKUT - , . : Shimeon .

KED HAKKEMACH - " ". , ,

-31-

. : Bechai . MAGEN ABRAHAM - . -: Perizola.

MIZBEACH - . - , Schelo-mon ben Rabbi Mordechai , 1602.

MACHZOR - . .

MENORATH HAMMAOR - . Aggadoth Medraschim, . . : Isaac Abhu-habh. 1544. HAIESCHUAH - . , Isaac Abarbanel. . 1551.

MIKRA GEDOLAH - . Salomon Iarchi Ezra. MASCHMIA IESCHUAH - -. . : Abarbanel. NIZZACHON . . : Lipman. 1559.

SEPHER IKKARIM - . . ISRAEL - To . 2 -BETH JAKBH- . - . 1547.

SCHAARE ORAH - . . : Ben Joseph Gekatilia. SCHEPHAA TAL - . -

- 3 2 -

. ZOHAR . : Schephtel Horwitz .

TOLDOTH IESCHU - . . .

:

TALMUD. , 1644-48, 14 .

SCHULKHAN ARUKH, Joseph Karo. , 1594. .

IORE DEAH. . . ZOHAR. , 1805. . MIKRA GEDOLAH. , 1792,

, , 1620, . .

HILKHOTH AKUM, Maimonides, Vossius, 1675. : JOANNES BUXDORFIUS () Lexicon Chaldaicum, Talmundiceum et Rabbinicum, , 1640. () De Abreviaturis Hebraicis. Operis Talmudis Recensio. Bi-bliotheca Rabbinica , 1712. () Synagoga Ju-daica, , 1712. JOH. CHRISTOPHORI WAGENSEILH, Sota. Aldtorfi

Noricorum, 1674. GEORGH ELIEZ EDZARDI: Tractatus taclmudici

"AVODA SARA". , 1705. JACOBI ECKER: "Der Judenspiegel im Lichte der

Wahrheit" ( ). Paderborn, 1884.

AUGUST ROHLING: Die Polemik und das Mansche-nopfez das Rabbinismus (

-33-

). Paderborn, 1889. , . (" , " I.C. Wagens, Sota, . 298). , , , " .

, , .

, , . , " ", "", " ". 1 - 1. Jeschua Hanotsri - . Nostrim, . , Nostrim - . Jeschua "", (.. Maiene ieschua, . 66b). , Jeschua, Immach SCHemo Vezikro - , (. Abbrev Jeschua . Duxtorf: " Jeschua, Isschu,

-38-

. , , Ischu Jeschu Scheker () Utoebah ( ). " ; " . , , -. , , , " . Elohe Nekhar - . Elohe Nekhar; - Grammatria Elohe Nekhar 316, Jeschu. Abhkath Rokhel. , Elohe Nekhar Jeschu. ! " , Alenu... , , , . , hammischtacha-vim lehebhel varik umitpallelim lelo ioschia, " , ". , , ....")

2. Otho Isch - " ", . -

-39- . Abhodah Zarah, 6a, :

" , , . ".

3. Peloni "". Chagigah, 4b, :

... , Schabbath." (104). , .

4. , Naggar bar Naggar - "* (*. Abhodah Zarah, 50b), Ben charsch etaim - " ". 5. , Talui " ". Samuel, Meir, Hilch. Akum Maimonides, , . Aben Ezra, " (XXVII, 39) Talui, / . ... /, ".

II - . , Esau , , - . 1. Kallah (lb,18b)

-40-

", , , . Eliezer , mamzer, Jehoschua ben niddah. Akibah, . , Akibah " . , : " , " , ." Akibah , , . : " , ;" : " . , " ". . , : " "

-41-

Akibah, !", : " , Akibah, "). Toldath Jeschu - " " - * (* . Synag. Jud. VIII, . 133.).

Sanhe-drin, 67:

" , * (", , ) . ; , " " , . , . , . - , . , , .

- 4 2 -

Stada Lud, . Stada Pandira, Choscher Pandira * (* Stada , ) Stadas, Paphus, Jehuda. stada - , ( ), Pumba-dita, ". Stada, . , , Pumbadita, . * Maimonides* (*. Sanhedrin, . VII , ebhammoth, ).

, , Chagigah, 4b:

" Bibhai ( ), : " (. ). , . :

" . Peloni " ", Schabbath" (. 104).

Schabbath, :

Eliezer -

- 4 3 -

: " Stada ;" : " . Stada Pandira". ., Sanhedrin, 67. Stada

Beth Jacobh, . 127, : " , ,

, . , , , "* (* Toldath Jeschu, , . , . 12). Buxtorf * (* . Lexicon Jud. in verbo

Jeschu) "

Ben Stada, - . , . -, Pandira. , * (*. ,

- 4 4 -

Abhodah Zarah, . II, Schabbath, . XIV, Beth Jacobh, 127a) - , : Pandira. , * (* Lib. 4) " ", Panthera .

, Stada , Peloni -" ", . ; . - , . .

", . * (* . . XXVII, 63) , , , * (*. Sanhedrin, 107b).

", " ", , " " . Sanhedrin (43) : " ".

", - , , " * (*

- 4 5 -

. XXVI, 60-61) * (*. XX, 5).

" , Stada : - Toldoth Jeschu.

", . Stada Paphus, Jehuda, Akibah. Akibah, , . . , Stada , .

" ". " (* . , Sepher Juchasin (9b): " . ", Rohlng "Die Polemik und das Men-schenopfer des Rabbinismus, ut supra). 2. , " , , Esau

-46-

Esau"* (*Synag. Judaica, . 217. . Lexicon in verbo Jeschu Buxtorf).

3. TON Schabbath, 104b, : " [ ], " [ -]: " !"

4. Toldoth Jeschu,

: ", :

; ", , " , . (Ps. II, 7)

: , * (* Ps. CX, 1). , a , . , , , * (* ). , (IHVH) , . . ," . , , . . , -

- 4 7 -

, . -."

, * (* Sota Wagenseil, . 1049). * (* . , XXVIII). - (IHVH)*,(* . Jehovah, . - Adonai IHVH. , , . " " Haschem - .) , . " , , , " , . : " , . , , , " (* Lexicon, Buxtorf). 5.

Sanhedrin (103) XCI, 10 " ", :

" , a , * [* ( ) -], ".

- 4 8 -

, . 6. , Sanhedrin (107), : " Mar : , , ".

7. ,

).

8. Zohar, III, (282),

" ... , Esau [ ] [ ], "* (* Synag. Judaica, (. I, . 75) : " (. ) , de Repudiis (Gitt. c.5): , , ". , , , , ...)

9.

Avoda Sara, George El. Edzard , Maimonides, Hilkoth Akum (V, 3):

-49-

" , " . Chizzuk Emunah* (* . Wagens, Sota, . 69) , . 36, : [ XII, 10] : ". , , : , , !"

Maimonides, Hilkoth Melakhim (IX, 4)* (Ibidem, . 346), : " , , , ... , - , . - : , - ( . XI, 35): " " -

-50-

, , , ". (. V.14): ..." , ". ; , , . , , "- . , . ", , : , * (*Sophon, III, 9).

-51-

; , . . . - , ." 10. Abhodah Zarah (21 Toseph),

: -

. Tosephta: [ ] , ". " , , - , . -, , - . -

- 5 2 -

, , , , -" "".

Ascher Abhodah Zarah (83d) :

", " , ." : " ."

, , , , "" , . .

. , . , . , :

1. Tsurath Haattalui - * (*Aben Ezra , XXVII, 39).

2. Elil - , . 3. Tselem - . " Tsalme rim (ein Tsalmer).

-53-

4. Scheti Veerebh , .

5. Kokhabh - , .

6. Pesila - , . , : Orach Chaiim, 113, 8:

" , [Akum] [] , , , ". ore Dea, 150, 2:

" " ", " . , !"

, , , ( ore Dea, 3, Hagah):

" - - , , . , . ,

- 5 4 -

. " ". . , . ore Dea, 141, 1, Hagah, :

. , " " , -.

" " " (hinc et hinc)".* (*. Kad. Hakkem, 20a).

III - TOY

.

1. Abhodah Zarah (6a) :

" ".

2. , Abhodah Zar. (. 1, 17a, To

seph) . (27b)

-55-

: "... ,

, 1". ,

. 3. Nizzachon* (* . Wagens, Sota,

. 822) :

" : ."* (* , . VI, 29). . VI, 27, : " , " . " , " , " " . 5:39. , . , , 18:22, , , , " ; , 23:3, : , . , - : , * . -

-56-

, , -. , , , " ;"

, , " , . . , , *. (* . . Lippe, Der Talumdjude vor dem Katholisch-protestantisch-orthodoxen Dreirichter-Kol-legium, . 16, 1884).

II

" : 1.

. 2.

. 3.

.

"

, Notsrim, -. -: Abhodah Zarah, Akum, Obhde Elilim, Minim, Nokhrim, Edom, Amme Haarest, Goim, Apikorasim, Kuthrim.

1. Abhodah Zarah - , . To : Obdhe Abhodah Zarah - . Abhodah Zarah o : " Nimrod Abhodah Zarah". - -

-58-

, . Schabbath (ibid. 82) : Akibah : Abhodah Zarah , , , "; : , " " ". . , Maimonides Abhodah Zarah. Perusch (78c) :

" , , (Abhodah Zarah)".

2. Akum - Obhde Kokhabkim U Mazzaloth . . , , Akum Schulkham Arukh, . :

Orach Chaiim (113,8), Akum. ore Dea (148, 5, 12), , .

", Akum, , , ", .

3. Obhde Elilim - . Akum. " . Orach Chaiim.

-59-

(215, 5), :

".

Schulkham Arukh (Akum), " " " . , , Schu ulkham Arukh ( Magen Abraham), - Calissensis, 1775, . 8 No. 244 Orach Chaiim ( Akum): " - "* (*. Ecker, Judensp., . 17).

4. Minim - . , . , Schabbath (11b) :

Meir Minim Aven Gilaion [ ], ".

5. - . Aben Ezra, /, , : "" ".

, Bechai Kad Hak-kamach (. 20, , . LXVI, 17) :

" " " ( ). , Bechai (loc. cit.), " " :: " -

-60-

". " , Kimchi "". Abarbinel, Maschima Jeschua (36d) : " , ." 6. Goi - , . Goi - - , Goiah. , , " -* (* . XII, 2, XIX, 6 , 4). - . *, " . Goi (* . Abhodah Zarah, Hilkhoth Akum Maimonides). * (* . .. , 1863) Goi -. , Goim. . , * (* . Israelite, No 48, 1891). . , Goscher Hammischpat (34, 22), Goim :

" Goim."

7. Nokhrim - , . -, .

8. Amme Haarets - , . * (* . Franz Delitz- sch, Schachmatt des Blutluhnern, 1883, . 41) " , . . ,

-61-

, . , 2, : " , [nokhrioth] ". " " Zohar, I, 25a: " - Obhde Abhodah Zarah, * . ( Buxtorf (Lexicon, . 1626) Amme Haarets "", Delitzsch).

9. Basar Vedam - . , . " ", :

" , : ! , , " .

, , , " ", , ""* (* . Synag. Jud. C.XII, sel. 257 263).

20. Apikorosim . , , " * (* , 1892, Hatseflrah, ). , , .

11. Kuthim . , , -

-62-

; , "

- , , . , Abhodah Zarah (25b) Got, Schulkham Arukh (Iore Dea 153, 2) Akum. Kerithuth (6b) Goim, Jebhammoth (61) Akum, Abhodah , (2) Obhde Elilim, Thoseph Goim Obhde Ab, Choscher Ham Kuthi, Akum. . Maimonides, : Goim, Akum, Obhde Kokhabhim, Obdhe Elilim, . II , . " , . , . , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . , , " . 1. -

-63-

, - , , , .

, Maimonides, * (* Vide Infra, . II, . 42). " ", "", "-" ., . "", . 2.

Maimonides Hilhoth Maakha-loth (. IX) : " *, . - . . , . - , []. , - , . " . - ,

- 6 4 -

". (* : Gere Tsedekh, , , , . Gere Toschabh, , , , , , : (1) , (2) , (3)- , (4) , (5) , (6) , (7) . (Vide, Sanhed, 56a.)

3. Abhodah Zarah (22) :

Akum [] ".

ore Dea (153,2): "

Akum [] ".

Abhodah Zarah (256) : " : Goi

, (* - , ). Israel, Jochanan, Beruka, : , * ("

-65-

-, , ). Goi , " (* -, , ). , Goi , , - , Goi . , , , , Esau: Seir ( XXXIII, 14-17), : Sukoth".

Orach Chaiim (20,2) : " (Talith) Akum . . "". 4.

Abhodah Zarah (15b) : "

, - . , -

-66-

, . , - , , , !

, (22), , ;

" Goim, . Goim ".

22 :

*... , , . , , ".

Goi, . 5.

-67-

Goim : , , , - ( ) . Schabbath (1456) :

" Goim ; ". Abhodah Zarah, 226:

" Goim ; . , . " . Goim, , , ". 6.

" Kaddisch Kedoschah, , ", . , , Akum ." e Dea, (198 48) Hagah, : "

. , , , , ."

Biur Hetib, Schulchan Arukh:

" , , , , (Akum), *, , (* Vilna 1873,

-68-

, . , Akum, ). 7. , Kerithuth (6, . 78) :

" : " Goi , . , * (* ). , , - " Goi, Goim . , : , ." (Ezechiel, XXXIV, 31). , , Goim, ."

Makkoth (7b)

" , Goi".

Orach Chaiim (225,10) : " , Akum : , , !"

8.

Midrasch Talpioth (. 2255): "

. Akum, , -

- 6 9 -

, " . [ ] ."

Orach Chaiim, 57, 6a:

" , , Akum "* (* Taanith (21b) : " Nokhrim .") 9. Zohar, II (64) :

"... , : ..."

Bechai, Kad Hakkemach, , Geulah -- 80, . 13: " , ", :

" ... , ." Buxtorf (Lex.) :

" , , , , , " . , ."

- 7 0 -

Edels, Kethuboth (110b) :

" Akum ."

10. Schelomo Iarchi (Raschi),

(., XIV,21), " " (XXII, 30) , :

"... . ; , . " ". , . , , ""; Nokhri"

11. Sanhedrin (748) Tasephoth : " Goi

" " Kethuboth (36): " Goi *

.

Kidduschim (68), : "... ;

Huna : : , . . ."

-71-

Eben Haezer (44,8): Akum

() , , . , Akum , *.

Zohar (11, 646) : Abba :

. " . , , , ".

12. Zohar (I, 286) :

" " ", ( III, 1) " " , "" ", . . - "* (*" , . , Samma-el (. Targum Iobi, XXVIII, 7). Maimonides "" (. II, . 30) Sam-mael . " ". Debbarim Rabba (208c)

-72 -

"Sammael, ", " ". Bechai ( Mikkets) " Sammael, ".

, . - . , - Schaddai - . Isch , Daleth , . , , , Isch Daleth, Sched - . Sched, * (*. Sanhedrin Jud.., . 88).

13.

, , , . , Keliphah - - .

Zohar (, 131) : ,

, , - :

, Emek Hammelech (23d):

Keliphah, ."

Zohar (I, 46b, 47a) , ,

-73 -

: " ", .

, Y , . , , ; Eliezer : , " -. , ".

14. -

() , , , . Rosch Haschanach (17) :

." 15. , Pegarim, , , , Metim. , Schulchan Anukh . Iore Dea (377, 1) :

" . - " ", ."

, . -

- 7 4 -

.

Iebhammoth (61) : " Nokhrim

. : , , . , , , Nokhrim ."

III - , . , , , , , . , " , , , . 1.

, , . , Komarim - Galachim, , , - .

Abhodah (14) Toseph, -:

" , . , " . ,

- 7 5 -

" ".

2.

(1) Beth Tiflah, *, Beth Tefilah, , (* Wagenseil ( Sota, . 497) , Tiflah , Buxtorf " , ) (2) Beth Ab-hodah Zarah, , (3) Beth Hatturaph Schel Letsim, * (* . Sepher Zerubbabel, . /). Abhodah Zarah (78) Peruch Maimonides, :

" , , , . , . , , ", , - (IV, 28): , ." , , , , , , , ".

, , .

ore Dea (142, 10) : "

, " , -

- 7 6 -

. , . , , - - . , . , ".

, . Iore Dea (142, 15) :

" , . , ".

, , . ore Dea (143, 1):

" , Akum, , . , , , , - , ".

" Kelominus

-77 -

III, ( Nizzachon)* (* . Wagensel, Sota, . 498). , , :

" "", (* . Thum , , Tehom . ) III, , Kelo-minus : " , ". : " , , a ". : " , a ." : " , -. : " - , , . , " Tehom

- 7 8 -

[]. , : , , , " ( , . 5,14), " , !". : " , ".

3.

, , . Moses Kozzensis, Hil-koth Abhodah Zarah (10), :

Goi, ", ".

4.

Minim - " - Siphre Debeth Abidan - * (* ). . Schabbath (116a) Toseph, :

" Meir Aaven Gilaion ( ) ".

Jochanan Aavon Gilaion, . Schulchan Arukh, ven Niktabh l

-79-

Haggilaion - . Buxtorf : * Arukh

Scheker Niktabh al Gilaion, . ^ *.

, ". Schabbath (116), :

" , . " , Jose : " , , ". Tarphon, : " , , - . , , , , !" 5. Tiflah -

Tefillah Iod. , . 6- , , lorn Ed , , " . , , , lorn Notsri - . Ed, , Gemarah Maimonides

-80-

Abhodah Zarah (2a): Edehem

, ( XXXII, 35): " ".

Maimonides Abhodah Zarah (78c):

Edehem . , Moedim, ". Bartenora : " Edehem

". Tosephoth . , Abhodah Zarah (6):

" , . , ", ".

. Moses Mikkozzi*, Abhodah Zarah, : (*6. G. Edzard, ut supra):

" Sammuel , Solomon Iarchi, , , " - , ".

Maimonides, Hilkoth Akum (. IX) :

Sammuel Sal. Iarchi, ,

-81-

".

, " : , Nithal, Tet Nital Natalis, . Natal, . , Paschal (Pesach) . Phe Koph iod, Ketsach Kesach. . Ketsach Kat sah, , Kesach Kesa, . - - .

, , , . , , , , , , . , (1) , (2) .

, : (1) , (2) , (3) , (4) .

- - ,

, , , , - * (* . Chullin, 91). , . " ", Chanina, " - "* (*. Sanhedrin, 58).

, -. ,

-86-

, * (* . Chagi-gah, 15). , , "* (* , , , , . " ". . , , , - , , . " , , .

. " , " .* (* , , , . , " " Ibidem, . VII, . 136).

1.

Gittin (62) :

Nokhri . " , ,

-87-

, ". 2.

ore Dea (148, 10) :

, . , , , Akum "

Kohana , " ", . Tosephoth : " ". 3. Choscher Hammischpat (26,1) -:

" Akum, . , , . To Hagah : "To Bethin " , ".

4 -

Choscher Ham. (34,19) : " Goi

-

-88-

". 5. -

ore Dea (112, 1) :

" Akum, ".

Abhodah Zarah (356): " ,

Goim: , Goi . *, , , ." (" Goi " - Surenhusius Mischnah Ab. Zar., . 6).

6. -

ore Dea (178, 1) : "

Akum, . , , ... Akum".

, , Hagah , , , , , .

-89-

II - -

, . , , .

Abhodah Zarah (726) : "

, Goi . ( ).

, , , . ore Dea (120,1):

" Akum, , - , , Mikuah [ ] ".

III - -

- , , 14: " " " . Abho-dah Zarah (2a):

"

-90-

, . " , , . Abhodah Zarah, 78 c (Perusch Maimonides, . 8), :

" a , . " - " . , ".

2. -

ore Dea (139, 1) : "

, Akum ".

3. -

Abhodah Zarah (14b, Toseph): " , , , , , , . , -

-91-

. . " , . , Goim -. - . ". , . . ore Dea (139, 15) :

" Akum, . , , -, ". , ore Dea (151, 1, Hagah):

" Akum ".

, , : , - . , , -

-92-

. , , , , , . . Abhodah Zarah (2a, Toseph):

" Goim () . , " " , [], ". Bartenora, Abhodah Zarah (I, 2, . 7) :

", , , " "", * (* Ischmael -a ). , , . " ". Tam * (*

-93-

Tosephoth, 1170), , Mi-schnah , - - " . (Abhodah rh, 2a, Toseph):

" " , , , . O , " , " , ". 4.

ore Dea (148, 5): " Akum

".

Maimonid.es Hilkhoth Akum (IX, 2):

" Goi " , ".

IV - -

- - . ,

- 9 4 -

, , , . , , , .

1. ore Dea (81, 7, Hagah), :

" Nokhri, . Nokhrith ".

2. ore Dea (153, 1, Hagah):

" Akum , , ".

3. ore Dea (155, 1):

"O , - , (Akum) , , . , . , - , . Akum

-95-

, , ". Akum , . , Akum ."

Pesachim (25) : Jochanan :

" , ".

4. ore Dea (156, 1):

" Akum . Akum , " (* , . , , ( ) - (. Maimonides Hilkhoth Akum, XII, 5).

5 Abhodah Zarah (26):

" , , " ". , -, ,

-96-

. Meir, " , , , ."

II

" ", " ", . , . . , - . , , , - . , , , . , , .

- 9 8 -

-

, , , , , . . Zohar (1, 256) :

" Akum... a ."

, , , , -ov . Maimonides Hilkhoth Akum (,6):

" , ..." ore Dea (148, 12 Hagah) :

"" , , , . , , - , . , - ."

1. Abhodah Zarah (20,a, Toseph):

" , ; " Goim!"

-99-

(* Maimonides [Hilk. Akum, X, 5) : , .") ' - (VII, 2) "... ' [Goim]", Gemarah. S. Iarchi , :

" : Goim." ore Dea (151, 14) :

" Akum, , ' - . , , , ."

2. - -

Hilkhoth Akum (V, 12) Akum. - ( XXIII, 13): ... ."

3.

ore Dea (146, 15): "

- ." Ibidem (147, 5):

" , Goi:

-

-100-

." Bechai, -

:

" . Bethgalia - ", a Be-thkaria - , , . Karia - ."

. , : - Jeschu, " ". Jeschua, .

, - Charia, , (: Dreck). To Miriam.

- Kededchim (cinavedos) (), Kedoschim. Kedeschoth, .

.

- Nital, .

- Pesach (Passover), , Ketsach, , Kesach, .

Beth Hattefillah, . , Beth Hattiflah, . , -

-101-

. ' - Aaron Gilaion,

. -

. (. 136) :

mezabbelim ( - ) , ( XXI-I 20): " ."

Iarchi ( Num. XXV, 3) .

- Schaw-wesschicksel, . , .

4.

Hilkhoth Akum (X, 5): "

Goim, ' , , : , , - , . , ." ore Dea (151, 11) :

Akum, - ."

, .

5.

ore Dea (334, 43) : " 24

, - ... (8)

-102-

Akum - , Akum a ."

6. ore Dea (154,2)

" Akum."

II.

Goim , :

Goi " (. Rohl. Die. Polem. . 20).

, . , . Babha Bathra (546) : " Goim : , ."

1.

Choscher Hammischpat (183, 7) :

" Akum , .

-103-

, - "

2.

Choschen Hammischpat (266, 1):

Akum, : " , " ( XXII, 3). [ ] . , , ."

3.

Babha Kama (113b) : " Goi."

Choschen Ham. (156, 5, Hagah): "

Akum, Akum. , , Akum, . Akum , , , ."

Choschen Ham - (183, 7 Hagah):

-104-

Akum Akum, , , , ."

4. -

ore Dea (157, 2. Hagah): "

[ ] , "* (* Vilna 1873)

5.

Abhodah Zarah (54) : "

* ." (* Schomed, , Mesk-hummad).

ore Dea (159, 1) : " Torah, Akum. , , ' , . ."

-105-

III.

1.

Babha Kama (113) : :

Goi , , , . Goi , . , , . , Goi , Ischmael. , Akibha, , ."

, , Akibha, :

" Goi."

Babha Kama (1136): "

, , " Goi: " , , ", Goi ."

2.

Kallah (lb, . 18) : " ( mamzer)

: ". Aki-

-106-

bha ."

Schabbuoth Hagaroth Acher (6b):

" , ."

IV.

, ' , . : , , . 1. Zohar (, 160) :

Jehuda [ Chezkia]:

" ". Chezkia : " ; Jehuda -: " ". (, . 24,6). ; -

-107-

, Esau - , . , . ' - ' -".

2.

ore Dea (158,1) Akum ,

, ".

3. .

Orach Chaiim (330, 2) : " , -

, Akum , ".

4.

Choschem Ham. (425, 5) : " ,

Torah, ' , , : " , " . Kuthaei, , , , ".

ore Dea (158, 1) :

-108-

" Akum , , . , " , ."

Maimonides, Hilkhoth Akum (, 1) : " ,

( VII, 2): . ' , Akum , . , . , ' , ."

-109-

II -

, , Abhodah Zarah (266) :

, ' ".

Choscher Hammischpat (388, 10): " , , , , . ' , , . , , . ", ", , . , . , , , , - ".

(388, 15), : "

, Akum, , - , ".

, . Sanhedrin (59) :

Jochanan : Goi "" , ".

II.

Hilkhoth Akum (, 2) : " [ -

] . , -, . ."

-111-

ore Dea (158, 2 Hagah): "

Akum, , ".

Choschen Hammm (425, 5): ,

, , - , , , Torah ~ ' . - , . , - ".

Maimonides , Hilkhoth Teschubhah (111,8) :

" , Torah: (1) Torah , ' , ' . (2) Torah, . Mischnach, , Tsadok ( ) Baithos. (3) , Torah , Torah , \ . Torah".

III.

hr (, 25) : -,

' : - . - ".

, [ ]... ".

1.

, . Zohar (, 219 ) :

" , , - ". (II, 19): Jehuda : : - . . : - , ".

2.

Esau, , , , . - ,

. , ,

, , , ( ) * (* . Synag. Jud., . , . 212).

David Kimschi Obadiam, : " , , (. 34,1): , ..! , ... , ". Abraham, Tseror Hammor, Schoftim: " , ".

VI. , , ' ,

Abhodah Zarah (26b, Tosephoth) : "

Goim, ". ore Dea (158,1)

Akum , . , , Schulchan Arukh Milcha-mah :

" , Akum , : Akum , ."

V. ,

Sepher Or Israel (177) : " li-photh , ' ". , Ialkut Simoni (245c . 772), : " , ".

VI.

Zohar (III, 227b) :

-".

To Zohar (II, 43), - , :

" , , . , ...

-117-

' -, : - , ".

VII.

Zohar (I, 386 39): "

, ... , ".

VIII. GOIM -

Hilkhoth Akum (, 1) : " ,

, : , ' (- . 7, 2). , ".

Ibidem (, 7): " -

, ..."

IX.

Choscher Hamm. (338, 16), : "

, -".

-118-

X. , - , -

Pesachim (496): " Eliezer:

" [ ] , * (* ' ) : , . : , , ".

XI. - ' ( ), , -. . Schabbath (118): " : , , Magog. : , "" , .".

XII. - ,

" , .

' . , " (* . Sanhedrin, . VII , Iebhammoth, .). :

" ; ! ! . -..."

" , . , ( .), - ".

! , , ! !

(Num. 24, 5)

: '

, . ,

, . ' ,

, -

- . , , ' , . , , .

, , , , - ' . -

, "", ,

.

. ' , Charini, . , Didacus , , , , . "Wszak crebie sydzi zabija* (" " - - ...) , .

. .

, , . .

(, 18: 37) .. PRANAITIS ( -

, , Pranaitis , , E.N.S)

( )

III : "

, , , ... , , ... -, " (*Migne, , CCXV, 1291)

" ... ... ( ), , , . - . -

-124-

, . *** , , , , ' , *** , , -"* (Ibid., . 694)

, III, , 1215, No 67-70, :* (. Binius, Concilia Generalia, . II, . 3, . 695)

, . .

.

' , , . , .

. , , .

-125-

, III -, :

" ,

" , ' , *** - ***. , , - , *** , , , , , -, , -. , - , , -. ,

-126-

, , . , , , - ' ,

. , , , , , ' . , ( ), *** ' , *. (* Migne, op. cit. CCXV, 501) 1567, V , IV, 1.500 . . , :

" -

-127-

, , , , , , ' , , ' , . . , *. (*Bul. Rom. Pont., VII, 741) 1244, IV

. :

, , , ( ) .

, , , . ' , , , . , -

-128-

" *** (Bull. Rom. Pont. IV, 509)

IX, :

, , , . - , , , . ' , , , , . ' , , , 7**** (7 Bull. Rom. Pont., , 497)

IV, 1442, :

" , , , , ' . , . , -

, , - , . . . . , . - , , . , , , . , , , , ***. (Bull. Rom. Pont., V, 67)

1555, IV, . - ' *, :

" -, -*. (* Bull. Rom. Pont., VI, 499).

, " - laesae majestratis rei ( ) ' , , ".

-131-

. -- . - - . , -, .

1986, - ' .

- " , - . ' 133

124. -

- - , -

.

-132-

27.10.1986 . , , , , , , , , , "" " "... "" ... .

" 12 " - 2 11 13. " " ". ", , - . , - " ".

" " ( 28.10.1986)

" -

-133-

. , 60 . , .

, , .

. , , . . -, , , ... , , . ".

. , . " - ". (: 21:27)

3. '

- '. .

- ' (1961-1965) 1986,

- -

~ ,

.

-134-

30.6.1988, , , 4 . " - - "! ( , 30.6.1988). " ".

" " . (" ", 1.7.1988) , , " " ( ,1.7.1988) " " (' ,1.7. 1988) -: " , " . ( , 1.7.1988).

II

101, 7: " - : ".

, . 1939, Ben Zion Bokser , " : - ". :

" ' Pranaitis. *** 1912, Beilis , Pranaitis , .*** Beilis , , , - "" 500 ".

- , -

-136-

, 1913-194, 1914-1915, ' , Beilis . , .

" Mackevitch, . , ***. To Kolocol, -, Beilis. *** Beilis . Beilis . Troitsky, , ***. Mackevitch Yuchinsky, 8 500 . *** Beilis Kieff. . 500 Beilis.*** Beilis, . *** . Stolypin, , , , . ** Irkutsk, , , , Beilis . *** Yuchinsky Cheberick " " , . ***

-137-

. , Beilis, , . *** Russkoe Znomya Zohar . Novoe Vremya Beilis . *** Novoe Vremya, ' Yuchinsky , , Beilis . *** Novoe Vremya Beilis , : " Rothschild, Kieff -". Zemstchina , Merry del Val, - . *** Rothschild, Merry del Val, , IV, III, , XIV, .

, 376, Albert Monniot "Le Crime Rituel chez les Juifs", -n 1914, , - Beilis: " , Menachile Mendel Teview Beilis, -. 29, , Andre

-138-

Yuchinsky, 12, . , 12 1911, Zaitzew, , Beilis, - , . 48 , *** .

Beilis : , - ; , Beilis ; , Yuchinsky , - , Beilis. : " Troitzky , , ". Bokser Pranaitis . , Bokser, , , Beilis, - Saratov.

1853. Saratov. : , 10 , 1852 , , 1853. , , . , , Schiffermann Zourloff '- 28 . - . , " " , , , Strack. : Minniot, Le Cri-

-139-

me Rituel chez les Juifs, 1914, . 157 ( Leese: , . 28).

Arnold S. Leese, , , 57 . Pranaitis, Bokser IV XIV. , , Leese, , . - , . *** , , : **** "' , , - *** . , , - , !" Leese: " , . , . *** , - , -, . -, . 1244, - IX ".

-140-

Leese: " IV, Rothschild Merry del Val , [ Rothschild] . 7 1272, IV. , , ( ) ". ' , , . *** XIV ( . Bokser - E.N.S.). , Ganganelli. 1759, , . .*** Ganganelli, . *** , Ganganelli Trent Rinn, : ", , , , , Trent, 1475, " ", , , 1462, Rinn, Brixen,

-141-

, , ".

Leese, 46: " , ; : IX XII, ., 1478, , Trent . . IV , Trent. IV , , * (* New York Times - - 19 , 1937 : " , 614 , 1478. "Prozess gegen die Juden von Trent, 1476-1478". " " Trent 1475, . , , . - Eberhardt , , Wuerttemberg. , *** - 2 1/2 , , Samuel, - Trent. , - , ,

-142-

. "", , . , , , - IV 20 1478, "rite et recte factum").

XIII . V 1588, . XIV, Beatus Andreas (1718, , IV, . 101 ) , " ". " ", , " ". , , Strack, XIV, IV .

VII, 24 1805, -, 31 , -, Dominiculus, . , , , , , " 1490.

" 1867, , Lorenzino, -, .

" XVI,

-143-

- , Gougenot des Mousseaux, . Le Juif, le Judaisme et l Judaisa-tion des Peuples Chretiens, Gougenot des Mousseaux , .

IX Montefiore , , Tomasi . , Sir Moses Montefiore. IX, .

XIII EDOUARD DRUMONT, TOY "LA FRANCE JUIVE", . : , 1905, , . 127.

" : , - , . , *** , , , , IV, , - , .

-144-

"" : St. William (Norwich) (1144), St. Werner (Oberwessel) (1286), St, Rudolph (1287), 0 St. Richard (Pontoise) (1179), St. Hugh (Lincoln)*. , . (* , John Foxe (1563), . Leese, . 49, Foxe : " ( ) , , ' ". - Norwich Lincoln, ). " - , , , William Turbe, Norwich, . " - , (Bollandists), . * (*Acta Santorum. 1643 1883. 17 ).

" Creagh, ( ), Limerick 11 1904 . (: -

-145-

(1904), VIII, . 89). 12 , La Guardia Toledo, : (1) Maestre Fray Juan de Santaspiratus, , Salamanca, (2) Maestre Fray Diego de Bretonia, -, (3) Fray Antonio de la Pena, , (4) Dr. Anton Rodriguez Carnejo, (5) Dr. Diego de Burgos, (6) Dr. Juan de Covillas, (6) Fray Sebastian de Huerta, (8) Licentiate Alvaro de Sant Estevan, , Avila, (9) Ruy Garcia Mansio, Talevera, (10) Fray Rodrigo Vela, - Avila, (11) Dr. Tristan, Avila, (12) Juan de Sant Estevan. , . 100 XIII EDOUARD DRU-, LA FRANCE JU-IVE, ' . DRUMONT . LE CRIME RITUEL CHEZ LES JUIFS, 1914. Monniot , 1803. , 1834, , , Giovanni de Georgio. . Achille Laurent: Relation Historique des Affaires de Syric depuis 1840-1842. " -, ,

-146-

, , . ".

o Monniot Beilis: " Troitzky, : " Goim ( -) " " Goim!" . Troitzky , - . ' , Troitzky -. ' , , , (. 191, 231, VI).

"IV. Pranaitis Glagoleff Troitzky. , " . Pranaitis : , - --, , , " ".

-147-

, . - . " " . , , . , . , , , - , , . , , . . , - , . , Kabalah. " , " " ". "Zohar" , Pranaitis Youtchinsky *** Pranaitis ' , : Youtchinsky, , - , -

-148-

, , (. 243, VI). 102,

. . Leese : * , Troitzky, . , . , " ". , . *** - , : , , . , . , , . , . , . - , ' , ' , , . , ,

-149-

, *. ( Leese , 53 : " - Lingbergh 1 1932. Purim 20 . 12 , , , , . Lindbergh. Emile Gauvreau, , (What So Proudly We Hailed) Lindbergh . , , , , , , - E.N.S.) Mon-

niot: To , , , .... , . , ' . , . , , - ' (. 170, VI). Leese, -

-150-

48: : " , , . , , " ( Erlangen XXXII, . 120). . C. Roth (: ) "" " ". (1904), , VIII , 213 ".

" Madgeburg, 1562, Madgeburg. To , . Flacius, Historia Ecclesiae Christi. To , Blois, Pontoise (), Braisne, Fulda, Berne Oberwesel*.

(" 1906, McMillan . , Henry Charles Lea. , . 42, : " 1490, Davila . 1461, Segovia , , , . , Sepulveda, 1468, Solomon Picco . Davila

-151-

, , . , Sepulveda, ).

SIR RICHARD BURTON 28 Leese, -

, : " Sir Richard Burton, o , ( Tomasi - E.N.S.), , , , W.H. Wilkins Hutchinson 1898.( 1937 - E.N.S.) . Wilkins, , , (. ): " , , Sephardim (Tomasi). ".

Leese : " (1) (2) .

(1) . : . (2) . : :

" D.L. Alexander Manners Sutton, 27 -

-152-

1911, Times . ' , D.L. Alexander, Sir Richard Burton. , , Mammers Sutton. , , . D.L. Alexander , , . ."

" , : , Burton, - 1869 1871, *** -, , , . , , Sephardim , 1840. , ' . , - , Granville - 1871"* (* 5 New York Times, 11 1927, - Sir Richard Burton - : " , Burton ". , :

-153-

Burton ' , , .

*** , , . *** , ." , 18 1937, Clare G. Stillman Herald Tribune, : Burton , , , , .*** , ").

' , " " (. 77) Burton. - (. IV, Sanhedrin, Mischnis, Seder Nezikin), , ' : " . ' ".

81. "*. - ,

* (* - ), - , , : " ",

, -

-154-

. , . , , .

98 Burton, " ", Mischnah, , Edonyoth, 5 . , . , "-" , . . 104.

*** , , , , . 553 .., , (Novella), 146, " , , -, , , , ". 1230 .. IX, 1244 IV, IV, IV* XXII (* IV , 1286, Canterbury, . IV, , .

. . . . -

-155-

. , , , , , , .) 115. ,

, , ***. , , , - . -, " " . *** 614 . . , , II, . (), , Mar Saba ( ), . Burton 127. 122, Burton : " Cronica Serafica (della vita di S. F rancesco d i Ass i s i , Opera de l Padre Damiano Cornejo, 1721, . i, . 1), -, , -. - ."

-156-

" "

Ben Zion Bokser, Philip Schaff : . , . 59, :

" (. ) , ". . 156 : " . - . , Hillel, Sham-mat, Gamaliel, . , 2 .947 , , ".

, , Harvard 1932, 110, George Foote Moore:

" 3 , ". , 91 Justin Martyr,

-157-

(Schechem) : " Bar Cocheba ( -, ) ".

, 1759, Leese 40 :

" , J.J. Frank, Lemberg - (Frankists). . . Etienne de Mi-koulissky, Lemberg, . , , , . " , ". - , , . , 1903, II, . 563, Baruch Yavan . VII , . 579, Judah Lob

-158-

ben Nathan Krysa. , : La Malfaisance juve, Pikulski, Lyon, 1760, Materiaux sur la question relatwe aux accusations por-tees contre les Juifs a propos des crimes rituels, J.O. Kouzmine, St. Petersbourg, 1914".

106:36-38 ,

, .

Pranaitis, Leese - :

" Pranaitis ( Bei l is) . ( Leese) , ".

, , , , , . :

, . ' , ( 8: 36-37). E.N.S., 20 . 1939

-159- ASIA , 1937

( Henry Field, , Field, Chicago. - Oxford. 1926). TOY SANDUR, "*** Field, 1934. *** Sargon - , 8 .. . , "" Hittites.*** "" , , - , . , , . , . , " , .*** ". - Asia.

III

;

, . ! .

, - . - . 63 - , , . -

-161-

.

. :

" , ! !"

, , - .

.

,

, 1000 . , , , - , - .

- - - , . - - .

. , , : " ", " ".

- ,

-162-

. . " ' " ( 1891) :

26: , , :

" , ". : " - ' , ". " , . , . , . , 2 .800 310 , ". 38: " . . . ' - . , , , . ,

. , , , , , , , , ".

: " ".

55 : " " -" , , : ", ", . , ; : , . ".

61 : " , .

-164-

6 .. ,

. - - .

15 1181 - (Braisne), , , (Dreux), , . , , . . , , (Saint Ger main en Laye), , . 80 . 80 (: Jean Dubraive- Histoire de Boheme livr. XVIII).

, , , . - .

, - , -

-165-

, 1144. , . , , , , . , . , .

1181 , , (Rodbert), . , ' .

29 1220, - (Vissembourg) , , , , - .

1225, , . , - . . ' , - , . ' - , , . 140 , .

-166-

To 1236, , ' , 3 . , .

1249, , . . 4 , .

2 1279, . , .

, 7- . . .

1261, 8 . . . 4 . , , - - . , 19 .

-167-

To 1287, , . , . . . - . .

1303, , , , , , . . - , , . (: Adde Henri Desportes -La Mystere du Sang. Livr.I).

To 1305, , , . , , ' .

1321, , (Annecy), , . , - V . (: Danyw de Saint - Martin - Gell Chtist II 723).

-168-

To 1331, (Uberlingen) - , . . , . . , , , . (: Jean Vitoduran - Chronique).

7 , 1388, , . , - , - , (: Henri Desportes -Le Mystere du Sang.). , , , . 1345, , , 70 , (: Raderus Bavaria).

To 1347, , , , . (: Henri Desportes Le Mystere du Sang.).

To 1361, . . -

-169-

' , . , , . (: Chroniques de Bollandistes Actes del' Eglise de Cologne).

To 1380, (Hangenbach) - , ' . . ( : Martin Crusius - Annales de Souabe). . . , 1394.

, , . . 1420, , , , .

" - - . . ".

, , . , 45 , ,

-170-

.

, , , (Louis Vam-Bruck), , , . , , . - . (: Ada Sancta 3 vol p.978).

1436 , 6 , . " , . , , 6 . ' . , , - ". 17 .

1451 (Bresleau) , - . , . . .

-171-

2 . , . .

, , (Savone) , .

(Alphonse Spina).

1452 , 7 . , . , , . , 4 , -. , - , , , . ,

-172-

, . . - . , . , , .

, , , , , . . , . , , ' . , ". (: Alphonse Spina - De bello judoerum lib III consid 7).

To 1451, , ' , , . , . . , -

-173-

. . - 5 . , , .

1475, , - - . (:enry Desportes-Le Myste-re du Sang)

- - .

: " 1453,

, - . 4 , , . , . , , . , . , , , . , ,

-174-

. - , . , , , . (: Henri Desportes Le Mystere du Sang).

To 1459, 1454, .

1462, , (Rinn pres Inspruck), , .

1468, 9 , - (Sepulveda) (Solomon Pecho). To , . , ' (Jean d' Avila), - (Segovie). 4 , . . (: Golmenares Hist ds Segovie).

To 1475, , 2 . o

-175-

. , , : " -

, - : - -

.

- ,

. 7 , , - -.

1476, , , (Baronius Barto- locu).

To 1480, (Por to Buf- fole in Bergamo). . (: Henri Desportes Le mystere du Sang).

To , 1480, (: Henri Desportes -Le Mystere du Sang.).

-176-

To 1481, , .

1485, , (Vicence) - , . 14 "Beatus Andreas", .

1490, (Guardia), , , . , . " " (La Croix) 1886 , . .

1494, (Tyrnaux) , , . 12 . , . - . - . - 2 . , -

-177-

. ' , ' . , , . , , . (: Ada Sancta - Vol 11 .839)

To 1503, (Waltkirk) , 10 ' ' . . , - . . , (Algasa), .

1505, (Budweiss) , . , , . (: Spectateur de Zirgler)

To 1509, (Posing), , , . , . . -

-178-

, (: Spectateur de Zirgler p.588)

To 1510 - .

1520, (Tyrneau et Biring , , 30 . (: Acta Sancta 11 vol p.839)

To 1525, 5 , - . . (: Henri Desportes Le Mystere du Sang)

To 1540, (Sappenfeld) , , - (George Pisenharter), . , (Titing), 3 . , , , , - " , , : " - , 3 ". - . , - - . -

-179-

. (: Spectateur de Zirgler p.588)

To 1547, (Raw) , . , 2 (: Acta Santa 11 vol p. 839).

1551, (Pultow) - , 5 , (: Henri Desportes Le Mystere du Sang.).

To 1569, (Witow) , , , ^, . . (Louis Dyex) (Bielko) .

1571 1572, (Tarnow) .

1574, (Punia) , , - . - , (Ioa- chim Smierlowiez), . -

-180-

.

1575, , , , - .

1590, (Szydlow), , , \ . . , , , - . .

1592, , , 170 , . - 1623 .

1595, , - , . .

1597, , (Szydlow), . " , " , " 9 . , ^ -

-181-

. . , 8 . , , , , .

1598, , , , . , . . . , , . " , . , . , , , " . ^ . () -

-182-

, . .

1650, (Caaden) , (Mathias Tillich). .

1651, 1652, 1653 (Stfeyer-Marck), (Karntcy) (Crain) .

1655, (Tunguch) . .

, 1655, 12 . , , 38 . , .

1669, , . , . " , , , 5/17 1670.

-183-

13 1712, , , , -. .

-184-

-185-

-186-

, ' (: YERMAC- ).

19 1764, (Orkul) , , (Jean Balla) , . 25 , , , , 18 , 14 , 32 , 17 19 . : " , ' ".

.

, . 3 . , 2 . -

-187-

, , . .

1774, (Therese Vil- le, Rue de Roi). , , - 24 . , . . . . .

1775, , , , , . (: - , )

1784, . 8 , , . . ' . 12 . , , "

-188-

". . ("" "" , 1890 "", 1980)

1791, (Tasnad) , 12 . , , 4 , (Karolye) .

1798, (17891808) , , - - . 60 ' . 10, - .

(Feller) " 1812" , .

"20.000 - - 300 7 , ' . , , , , , ' , -

-189-

. , , - , , , , ' , ' , "" , , , , . , "" , ' , . . (General Comte de Segur - Histoire de la Grand Annee de 1812 L.Livre XII chap.ll)

To 1810, , - , .

1812, 3 .

. ' "":

-190-

1815, ,

., , .

1823 , - , ., , , . -

-191-

, .

1825, - , 7 , " , ". , , . , . " " - - " , ' ' ".

1829 (Hamath), , , . . . , - .

1830, , , .

. (Gervalon), , , , . , , . , . -

-192-

, . , .

, - , . , ", ...".

, , , ", , !". . , .

, , , " , , , , , ".

, , " ".

1834,

-193-

, , , , . - - - . , . , 5-6 , . ' , . , -.

1839, . , , , 16 , 2 , 4 10 - .

, , , 7 .

-194-

. . , , . , ' . /. ' / .

1872 , , . , , . , , , . . - 9 - . , , .

, , .

1875, " (Zboro) - (Saroch), , 16 ,

-195-

- . , . , , , - . , 1875, ' 165C , , , . , ' - (Barthelemy Vinkler) , , .

1876, , , . 2 3 , - , . . , , .

" " . , /-.

/ , , .

, - . .- , "Phare de Bosphore" - , -

-196-

. ' . , . , .

1879, 1880 1881, . - (Tallya de Zemplin), (Kas-chau). To (Joseph Kocsis), . 2 . , .

1877, (Szalacs) (Bihar), 9 6 . , - , : " , . , , ".

1879, 15 (Piros de Batschbodrogher), , 16 , (Grossman). . - , .

-197-

.

1881, (Luctza de Rzeszow) , 3 -. - - .

, (Moser Ritter), , . , , . , , , , , .

. 3 , , - , 21 1882 -. , 10 1883 . , , .

, ' .

-198-

, , , 1889, .

1882, , / , ' 20 . , . . (: Corre-spondance de Constantinople de "Moniteur de Rome", Juin 1883)

To , 1882, - 9 . ' , . , . , , , : " ". - ' . (: .. ' )

1882 , . / -

-199-

, , -. , / . , ' ,

. . , , , , , . ; ; ; "" .

"" 2.000 , ' , , 4.000 - -

, . "Stamboul" , . , - "Staboul" ' - . 140.000 .

1885, , , - , , , .

-200-

To 1886 , . 1888, , , . , . , . , , . , ' . , ' .

, .

-201-

-202-

To 1891, , , ' , ! , . "" , . ' . ! , "" . .

1911 , . , " ", , ' ! . "" . , , . .

, ! " " - ,

-203-

, ("") , , . ' !

' -

, , . , . , "" FBI, ... !

[

"WOMEN"S VOICE" (1955) (537 S. DEAR-BORN, ROOM 800, CHICAGO 5, ILLINOIS - USA) ] " "!

" . , . . ; , - ; 1955, ! - . ,

-204-

- ARNOLD LEESE'S " ". , , , , - DES PLAINES -. DES PLAINES , . STEINFELD - . , . , .

GRIMES

, -, , - (), - . LOHMAN, ' ARVEY, , - , BEDWELL, BEDWELL, GRIMES ' . BEDWELL, . ' , -, ' BED- WELL, . , BEDW