Ανθρωποθυσίες στην αρχαία Ελλάδα (Θεμιστοκλής)

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Transcript of Ανθρωποθυσίες στην αρχαία Ελλάδα (Θεμιστοκλής)

  • 1. , . 2, . 6, 2002 . , () () 1. 2, , , , 3 , , 1/2 .. (47/50 - 120/5), 4.1 (), , Ioannes Burnet (ed.), Scriptorum ClassicorumBibliotheca Oxoniensis, Oxonii, E Typographeo Clarendoniano, 1913, tom. V, pars. I, 8 - 9, p.315b.2 , , . : , HumanSacrifice, The Encyclopaedia Britannica, fourteenth edition, The Encyclopaedia BritannicaCompany LTD, London and Encyclopaedia Britannica INC, New York, 1929, vol. XIX, p.801b. . . , , , ,1963, . 2, . 809 - 811 , , , , . , , , 1994, . 1, . 34.3 , . . . : Paul Kroh, - , . . - . , , , University Studio Press,1996, . 385 - 389.4 : Rudolf Hirzel, Plutarch, Leipzig, 1912. ., , , 1937. Konrat Ziegler, Plutarchos vonChaironeia, Stuttgart - Waldsee, 1949. Mario Attilio Levi, Plutarco e il V Secolo, BibliotecaStorica Universitaria Diretta da M. A. Levi, Serie II, Monografie, vol. V, Instituto EditorialeCisalpino, Milano - Varese, 1955. . , , , 1966 P.Kroh, . ., . 385 - 389. & . . , 2002

2. , . 2, . 1, 2002 2 5 (528; - 461/2 ..), 6, , 7(29/9/480 ..) , , 8. , 9 10 , - , 5 Plutarque, Vies, Solon - Publicola, Thmistocle - Camille, mile Chambry - Marcel Junaux(eds), Collection des universits de France, publie sous le patronage de l association GuillaumeBud, texte tabli et traduit par Robert Flacelire, Paris, Socit d dition Les Belles Lettres,1961, tom. II, 13. 2 -5, p. 117b - 118b. , , CaroliSintenis (ed.), Plutarchi, Vitae Parallelae, Lipsiae, C. F. Koehler, 1839 - 1846, vol. I-IV Cl.Lindskog - Konrat Ziegler (eds), Plutarchi, Vitae Parallelae, Bibliotheca Scriptorum Greacorumet Romanorum Teubneriana, B. G. Teubner, 1914 - 1939, vol. I-IV.6 : . , ,, 1970 J. Lenardon, The Saga of Themistocles, London, Thames and Hudson LTD,1978, ( ).7 : N. G. L. Hammond, The battle of Salamis and theretreat of Xerxes The Cambridge Ancient History, second edition, Cambridge, CambridgeUniversity Press, 1988, vol. IV, p. 565 - 591.8 , , : codex Marcianus gr. 386 XI codex Parisinus gr. 1671 XIII , , : codex Vaticanus gr. 138 X XI codex Seitenstettensis 34 XI . , , : Plutarque, Vies, . ., Le texte de vies,1957, tom. I, p. XXXII - LIV. C. Sintenis, Plutarchi, Vitae Parallelae, Themistocles,. ., 1839, vol. I, p. 242, , (vulgo) . , . , , , , . , , , : ( ). : B. A. Van Groningen, , 3, . . , . , , , , 1980, . 84 - 98 Martin L. West, , . . , , . . , 1989, .36 - 37.9 , , , Gilbert Murray (ed.), Scriptorum ClassicorumBibliotheca Oxoniensis, Oxonii, E typographeo Clarendoniano, 1913, tom. III, vers. 520 - 521:: . : (sic) , .10 - : Frank J. Frost, Plutarchs Themistocles- A Historical Commentary, (a revised and enlarged english edition of Adolf Bauer, PlutarchsThemistokles fr quellenkritische bungen, Leipzig, 1884), Princeton University Press, 1980,comment 13. 2-5, p. 150, ( ). & . , 2002 3. , . 2, . 1, 20023 , 11 12 13 . , , , , 14. 15, , .. (365; - 317/307;) ()16. : 13. 2 , , . . 3 , 11 : - (= ),: Daniel Wyttenbach, Lexicon Plutarcheum et Vitas et Opera Moralia Complectens,Lipsiae, 1843, vol. I, p. 203 , , , , : D. Wyttenbach, . ., vol. II, p. 480 -481.12 : , . , (= , ), : H. G. Liddell- R. Scott, , . . , , . ., . 2, . 515. , C. Sintenis, VitaeParallelae, , . ., 1839, vol. I, p. 242, , . , (= , ), : H. G. Liddell R. Scott, . ., . 2, . 518. : Walter Burkert, , , . , 1993, . 135 - 160. .13 (=), : H. G. Liddell - R. Scott, . ., . 4, . 698. Suidae,Lexicon, recognovit et apparatu critico instructi Ada Adler (ed.), Lexicographi Greaci, vol. I, B.G. Teubner, Lipsiae, 1933, pars III, ; , p. 609. Hesychii Alexandrini, Lexicon, KurtLatte (ed.), Denmark, Haunie Ejnar Munksgaard, 1966, vol. II, - , p. 806 C. Kerenyi,Surnames of Dionysos The Gods of the Greeks, New York, Thames and Hudson, 1992, p.273.14 G. Murray, The Rise of the Greek Epic, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1967, p. 11, ToEuripides such acts (human sacrificies) are generally connected with a study of the worstpossibilities of a savage mob, or of scheming kings led by malignant and half - insane priests. , : It is not said that Themistocles performed the act, p. 14.15 , , , .16 : Fritz von Wehrli (ed.), Die Schule des Aristoteles, , , , Basel - Stuttgart, Benno Schwabe und Co., 1957, vol. IX, p.5 - 43. P. Kroh, . ., . 452 Johannes Engels, Phainias of Eresos, DieFragmente der Griechischen Historiker continued, Felix Jacoby (ed.), part four, Biography andAntiquarian Literature, Edited by G. Schepens, The Pre - Hellenistic Periods by J. Bollanse - J.Engels - G. Schepens - E. Theys, Netherlands, Brill, Leiden Boston - Kln, 1998, IV A:Biography, Fascicle 1, p. 266 - 351. & . , 2002 4. , . 2, . 1, 2002 4 , , . 4 , , . 5 . , , 17(520; - 468; ..), , , , , , , 18, , 19. : 9. 1 ... , , , , . 2 , , , .17 Plutarque, Vies, Aristide - Caton l ancien, Philopmen - Flamininus, R. Flacelire - .Chambry (eds), . ., 1969, tom. V, 9. 1-2, p. 28b.18 , , - - , . , , 1997, . 534.19 , , , . & . , 2002 5. , . 2, . 1, 2002 5 , 20 (410; - 364 ..), , , . , , , , , 21. :21. 1 3 ... . , , , , (), , J. Engels22 , () , , 23. , , , . P. Kroh, , , , , , 20Plutarque, Vies, Timoleon - Paul mile, Pelopidas - Marcellus, R. Flacelire - . Chambry(eds), . ., 1966, tom. IV, 21. 3, p. 159b Aristoula Georgiadou, Plutarchs Pelopidas A Historical and Philological Commentary, Germany, B. G. Teubner, Stuttgart und Leipzig,1997, ( ).21 , , , .22 J. Engels, Phainias of Eresos, . ., p. 333.23 P. Kroh, . ., . 295. & . , 2002 6. , . 2, . 1, 20026 . : , , 24. W. Connor A. West, ( ) () . , , 25. , , 26 27. , , . , , , , 28, , 29, . , 30, 24 P. Kroh, . ., . 295.25W. R. Connor Andrew Fleming West, .. P. E. Easterling - B. M. W. Knox, (eds), , . . , . . , . . , , , . . . , 2000, .607, ( ).26Arnaldo Momigliano, The Development of Greek Biografy, expanded edition, England,Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts, London, 1993.27Oswyn Murray, Greek Historians Greece and the Hellenistic World, John Boardman,Jasper Griffin and Oswyn Murray (eds), Great Britain, Oxford University Press, 1991, p. 214 -239.28 Plutarque, Vies, Alexandre - Csar, R. Flacelire - . Chambry (eds), . ., 1975, tom.IX, 1. 2, p. 1b.29 Plutarchi, Vitae Parallelae, , . ., 1964, vol. II, fasc. I, p. 185.30 . , (), , , 1960, . . 1, . 2, . 36. & . , 2002 7. , . 2, . 1, 20027 31, . , , , . .. , . , , . , , , , 32. , , 33, , , . : (484 - 430 ..), , , , 34. :VIII. 76. ... ...31 , , , . . . , 1987, .33, 67, 68, (, ).32 , , , , , ., . 18, . 463 P. Kroh,. ., . 388.33 Frank J. Frost, Themistocles - Literary, Epigraphical and Archaeological Testimonia, secondedition, Chicago, Argonaut INC., 1967, ( ).34 Herodoti, Historiae VIII, Haiim B. Rosn (ed.), Bibliotheca Scriptorum Greacorum etRomanorum Teubneriana, Germany, B. G. Teubner, vol. II, 1997, 95, p. 352. & . , 2002 8. , . 2, . 1, 20028VIII. 95. , , , , . (524/5 - 456/5 ..), , , , , , 35. :. , , , .. (sic) , ;. , , , , , , , , (sic) , , . , ,35, , Denys Page (ed.), Scriptorum Classicorum Bibliotheca Oxoniensis, Oxonii,E Typographeo Clarendoniano, 1972, vers. 441 - 464. & . , 2002 9. , . 2, . 1, 20029 . .. , , , , , , , 36. : XI. 57 ... , , . , , . . .. , , , , , , 37. . :. 36, 2. , .36 Diodorus of Sicily, Book IX, E. H. Warmington (ed.), The Loeb Classical Library, with anenglish translation by C. H. Oldfather, Great Britain, William Heineman LTD, London andHarvard University Press, Cambridge - Massachusetts, 1970, vol. IV, 57, p. 272.37 Pausania, Guida Della Grecia, Libro I, L Attica, Scrittori Greci e Latini, Introduzioni, testoe traduzione a cura di Domenico Musti, Commento a cura di Luigi Beschi e Domenico Musti,Italy, Fondazione Lorenzo Valla, Arnoldo Mondadori editore, 1982, vol. I, 36.2, p. 194. & . , 2002 10. , . 2, . 1, 2002 10 ..(117 - 189) , 38, , , . :141. ... (sic), , , ... 142. ... , , ... 142. ... . 141.39 20. ] . . . C. . , , , . , , , . 40, , , .., , , , 41. :38 Aristides P. Aelius, , G. Dindorfii (ed.), Libraria Weidmannia, Leipzig, G.Reimer, 1829, vol. I, 141 - 142, p. 229 - 230.39 A. P. Aelius, , . ., vol. III, 141, 20, p. 182.40 P. Kroh, . ., . 90.41Felix Jacoby, Aristodemos, Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker, WeidmannscheBuchhandlung, Berlin, 1926, 104, fr. 1, 4. 1 10, p. 494. & . , 2002 11. , . 2, . 1, 200211... , , . , , , (sic) , . , ., .. (100 - 24/25) Cornelius Nepos, , 42. ) , A.Henrichs43 P. Bonnechre44, (), - , .., , (), P. Green45 D. Hughes46, , , , Thus I am inclined toagree with Peter Green, who attributes the story to an anonymousAthenian propagandist. A story first designed to attackThemistocles was later converted artfully by Phainias to illustrate42 Lucius Annaeus Florus - Cornelius Nepos, . ., with an english translation by John C.Rolfe, 1960, vol. I, 1 - 10, p. 389 - 407.43 Albert Henrichs, Human Sacrifice in Greek Religion.Three Case Studies Le sacrificedans l antiquit, Fondation Hardt pour l tude de l antiquit classique, entretiens 27, 1980, p.208 22444 P. Bonnechre, Le sacrifice humainen Grce anciene, Athenai Lige, 1994, p. 288 291.45 Peter Green, The year of Salamis, 480-479 BC , London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1970.46 Dennis D. Hughes, Human Sacrifice in Ancient Greece, Routledge, London - New York,1991, p. 112 115 & . , 2002 12. , . 2, . 1, 200212his humanity47 ) , , F. Frost, A. Podlecki R. Lenardon, 48, - 49. . F. Wehrli, , , 50. . , , , 51.47 D. D. Hughes, . ., p. 115.48F. Frost, Putarchs Themistocles, . ., p. 150 A. J. Podlecki, The Life ofThemistocles - A Critical Survey of the Literary and Archaeological Evidence, Canada, Mc Gill- Queens University Press, Montreal - London, 1975, 103 104, ( ).49 R. J. Lenardon, . ., p. 77 - 78.50 F. Wehrli, . ., fr. 25, p.35.51 . , , . , Verona, .* , - - , "ANISTORITON" : http://users.hol.gr/~dilos/anistor/cover_gr.htm & . , 2002