Post on 02-Jan-2016
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Atomic Spectroscopy:
(part B)
Emission, Absorption & Fluorescence
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Spectral Line Broadening
Pressure Broadening
𝛷(𝜈) = 1𝜋 𝛼𝐿(𝜈− 𝜈𝑜)2 + 𝛼𝐿2
αL=Full Width at Half Maximum
(Lorentzian shape - red)
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Doppler Broadening
𝛷(𝜈) = 1𝛼𝐷ඨln2𝜋 𝑒−(ln 2)(𝜈−𝜈𝑜)2/𝛼𝐷
𝛼𝐷 = νo𝑐 ඨ2𝑅𝑇ln2𝑀 = 1.131𝑥10−8ඨ𝑇𝑀ν𝑜
(Gaussian shape - blue)
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Natural Broadening
∆𝐸∆𝑡 = ℎ2𝜋
∆𝜈= 12𝜋𝜏= 0.16𝜏
(Lorentzian shape )
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𝛷(𝜈) = 1𝛼𝐷ඨln2𝜋 𝐾(𝑥,𝑦)
𝐾(𝑥,𝑦) = y𝜋න 𝑒−𝑡2𝑦2 + (𝑥− 𝑡)2 𝑑𝑡∞−∞
Voigt Shape
𝑦= 𝛼𝐿𝛼𝐷ξln2 𝑥= 𝜈−𝜈𝑜𝛼𝐷 ξln2
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Element Symbol Gas PriceAluminum Al Ne 129.00Antimony Sb Ne 129.00Arsenic As Ne 155.00Barium Ba Ne 129.00
Beryllium Be Ne 178.00Bismuth Bi Ne 129.00Boron B Ne 138.00
Cadmium Cd Ne 138.00Calcium Ca Ne 123.00Cerium Ce Ne 162.00Cesium Cs Ne 189.00
Chromium Cr Ne 129.00Cobalt Co Ne 138.00Copper Cu Ne 123.00
Dysprosium Dy Ne 166.00Erbium Er Ne 166.00
Europium Eu Ne 138.00Gadolinium Gd Ne 133.00
Gallium Ga Ne 138.00Germanium Ge Ne 138.00
Gold Au Ar 178.00Hafnium Hf Ne 181.00Holmium Ho Ne 165.00Indium In Ne 129.00
Iron Fe Ne 129.00Iridium Ir Ne 188.00
Lanthanum La Ne 138.00Lead Pb Ne 129.00
Lithium Li Ar 129.00Lutetium Lu Ne 178.00
Magnesium Mg Ne 123.00Manganese Mn Ne 129.00
Mercury Hg Ne 138.00Molybdenum Mo Ne 129.00
Element Symbol Gas PriceNeodymium Nd Ne 159.00
Nickel Ni Ne 123.00Niobium Nb Ne 138.00Osmium Os Ne 212.00
Palladium Pd Ne 138.00Phosphorus P Ne 229.00
Platinum Pt Ne 229.00Potassium K Ne 129.00
Praseodymium Pr Ne 138.00Rhenium Re Ne 178.00Rhodium Rh Ne 328.00Rubidium Rb Ne 189.00
Ruthenium Ru Ne 231.00Samarium Sm Ne 129.00Scandium Sc Ne 198.00Selenium Se Ne 189.00
Silicon Si Ne 138.00Silver Ag Ne 138.00
Sodium Na Ne 129.00Strontium Sr Ne 178.00Tantalum Ta Ne 138.00Tellurium Te Ne 178.00Terbium Tb Ne 178.00Thallium Tl Ne 289.00Thulium Tm Ne 178.00
Tin Sn Ne 129.00Titanium Ti Ne 129.00Tungsten W Ne 129.00Vanadium V Ne 138.00Ytterbium Yb Ne 178.00
Yttrium Y Ne 178.00Zinc Zn Ne 123.00
Zirconium Zr Ne 138.00
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XRF Energy Dispersive
XRF Wavelenght Dispersive