Download - Οδηγός Ανάπτυξης

Transcript
  • OPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOOPOPOPOPPOPOPOPOPOPPPOOOPOPOPPOPOOPOPOPOPOOOOOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPOPPPPPPPOPPPPOPOPOOOOOOPOOOOPPPPO AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA NNNNNNNININININININININNNNNININININNNNNNININININNINNINININNININNNININININNINNINNNNNININNNNINNINNNIINNNNNNNNIINNNNNNNIIINNN MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO E EE E EEEEEEEEE E EEE E E EE EE E EEEEEEEEE EEEEEE EEEEEKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA KTKTKTKKTKTKTKTKTKTKTKTKTKTKTKKKTKTKTKKKKKTKTKKKTKTKKTKTKKTKTKTKTKTKKKKKKKTKTKTKKTKTKTKTKTKTKTKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKTKTKTTKKTTIKIKIKIKIKIKIKIKKKKIKIKIKIKIKIKKKKKKIKKKIKKKIKKIIIKIKIKKKKIKKKKKKKKKKIKIKKIKNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN B B B B B BBB BBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBIBIBIBIBIBIBIBIBBBBIBIBIBIBBBBBIBIBIBIBBBBIBIBBBBBBBBBBBBBIBIBBBBIBBBBBBBBBBIBBIBBBBBBBIBBBBBBBBBBBBIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNHNNHNHNHNHHNNNNHNHNHNNHNNNNNNHNHNHHHHNHNNNNNNHNNHHHNNNNNNHNHHNHNHNNHNHHNHNHNHNHNHNHNNHNHHNHNHNHNHHNHNNNHHNHHNHHNHHNNNHHNHHNNHHNHHNNAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

    YYYYYOYOYOYOYYPPPPEIEIEIEIE O OO O O O EEEENINNININIIKHKKHKHKH AAIIEIE AA KK K AIAA PHPHPHPHPHHKKKEYEYMAMAMAMAATTTTTT NNNNNAAAAAAAIIAAIKIKO O ININNNNNNTT ITITTTTOOYOYOYO TO

    ,, - pipipi ,

  • ... / / 2.2.1 / 2.2.1.: pi pi pi pi

    . ...

    : pi pi pi ..... ... pi

    pi pi pi

    pi pi pi

    75% pi pi 25% pi pi.

    : , , pi / pi - , pi pi pi , pi / pi. ,

    - : . , pi pi , , pi / pi.

    : pi , pi,

    : . pipi,

    KAI

    : pipi,

    :

    :

  • , - pi ,

  • 7

    999

    : / / / //

    pi pi 111111111pi pi pi 141414444444 pi pi 11555555555555 pi 111777777777777 pi pi pi 22244444444 2522

    -- 2266666 3232 38888 444444444pi 50505 565666 pi pi 66222222pi 68686888pi 747474744

    : // /

    -- 8888881111111 990909000000090900090090090 9999999999999999999 11000088888888pi 111111777777777 121222666666666666666666666 pi pi 1135353555553555555553pi 144444444444444444444444444pi 155555151551153333333333333333333333

    16166666162222222222 1616666661663333

  • pi pi pi pi pi pi . pi, , pipi pipi , , pi -- .

    pi pi pi pi. , ----pi , pi pi - pi pi.

    pi pi pi pi ------pi pi pi pi--------, pi pi pi pi--------------. pi pi pi (.....) pi (...), pi pi ------------ pi, pi pi 304 .//13-03-08, pi ---------- . pi ---------- pi pi .

    pi pi pi . pipipi,,,, /pi pi pi pi pi pi. pi, pipi pi . pipipi pi pi pi, pi pi------ pi , pi pipi pi ----------pi .

    : ) / ) / .

    / pi pi . pi pi --------- pi pi, pi pi -----------pi, pi, pi------------- , pi pi pi ------pi, . pi ---- pi pi: - - , ,,,,,,,,,, , pi , , pi pi, ----pi , pi . , pi pi pi.....

    / pi , pi-----, pi pi pi, --------- , pi pi pi .

    , pi - ( ), pi pi pi pi , .

    9

  • /

    1

  • pi pi pi pi pi -pi, pi , , - pi pi (. 1650/1986, 2, 1/ 160 ./16-10-86). - pi pi pi pi.

    , pi pi- pi , -, pi, .pi., pi, pi pipi pi , pi pi , pi.. pi, pi-, pi, pi.. pi pi, , pi.. pipi -, ,pi.. pi pi, . pi. /pi pi pipi pi pi .

    pi - , pi pi - pi pi - . pi, pi pi- pi pi pi .

    pi pi (SustainableDevelopment) pi pi - pi, - pi . pi pi- , pi pi, pipi pi pipi pi-

    , pi , pi.

    , pi , --pi pi pi pi ----: pi, pi----- pi. pi pipi ---- , pi, , ,,,, , pi,,,, pi, , pi.

    pi 60, pi---- pi pi pipipi pi-----. pi pi----- . 1972, (Club bb ofofofofofofofoRome) pi pipi , ----- pi, pi------- pipi pi. -- pi , pi, ...

    pi , pipi ------------- . pi , 1972 , pi, pi .

    pi ------------- pi 70 pi Pirages (The Sustainable Society) Brown ((Buildidid ngngngnggggggggggga Sustainable Society). ---------- 1987, pi pi pipi pi pi . pipi ----------------- pi ... pi pipi Harlem Bruundtlannnnd.d.d.d.d.d

    pi, A 21

    pi ( 21, . 24-32)

    pi , pi ----- Brundtland, pipi pi pi pi pi -- pi .....

    Brundtland pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi --- pi..

    : pi pi, pi , pi, pi pi, pi , pi pi, pipi .

    pi

    pi

    pi

    (

    21,

    . 5-7,

    19-22)

    pi

    ( 21, . 9-18)

    1. - pi pi 11

    I.1

  • 92, 199 - pi ... -pipipi , pi pipipipi

    , , pi-pipipipipi . , pi pi , - 21 (Agenda 21). pi - pi pi pi. , - pi pi - pi pi. 21 pi pi pi 21 . pi -pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi pi, pi, pi. pi

    pi - (1998), pi pi pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi pi , - (2002) pi, - pipi (2007)

    pi (2007) .

    pi, pi pi, - pi pi pi - pi pi: , pi- pi , , pi, pi, , pi.

    pi 3 - pi ( : -pi pi pi -, , 1997), pi pi- pi pi , pi, . , -, pi pi - pi, - pi pi. - pi , pi- pi, pi - , pi- . , - pi, pi - pi -pi .

    4 - pi ( pi - -pi pi, pi, 2007),pi : pi- pi pi - pi pi pi- . pi pi pi pi- , pi pi . pi pi. , pi-,

    pi pi A 21: pi, pi , , pi , pi, , pi, , - pi ,pi , .

    pipi - pi pi pi pi pi. pi pipi pi pi pi-pi , pi pi pi- pi , , - , pi pi - . pi, pi - pi pi.

    pi- pipi (Ecological Footprint), pi - pi. pi

    pi 20% pi- pi pi pi . - pi pi, pi 2,5 pi-. , pi , pi 5 pi. pi pipi, - (119 - ) ... (96 ). - pi - pi , pi.

    To pipi

    12I.1

  • pi pi . - pi pi pipi. -pi , , - pi pipi pi -pi. pi pi - 1.

    pi pi , - pi pi pi pi, pi pi , - pi . pi, pipi pi- pi pi pi pi pi -/ pi . , pi pi - pi pipi - pi pi.

    , pi -, UNESCO, , -pi 2005-2014, -pi pi - pi pi - . - 2005-2014 -pi pi. - pi : 2006: -, - , 2007: & , 2008:- , 2009: , & - , 2010: - & pi, 2011: pi pi ,

    2012: & , 2013: pi & , 2014: ..

    pi , pi pi pi , pi pipipi , , pi ---, pi .

    pi pi pipi pi pi pi pi----, pi -- , pi pi, pi , , pi , -------- pi pipi ,,,, , pipi, .. --------pi, pi pi ---- .

    pi - . - pi, pi , pipi - pi -. pi pi pi, - pi pi, pi, , - .

    , , , - - , pi pi

    . pipi- , --pi pi pi. -- pipi::) pi pi, pi -- pi pi --pi , pi , ) pi pi pi, ) , pi - pi pi --pi, ) ) pi pipi-, pi ..

    1. .

    13

  • pi , . , pi 1818111 92/90

    -pipipipipi pi. pi , pi- , pi , . pi ( - pi). pi . pi - - ) pi ( pi pi- pi , ,, pi , - pi pi pi

    .

    pi pi pi pi pi , -pi pi pi pi pi, pipi pi. pi /, , , -pi/ - pi pi pi- pi - pi pi pi pi pi -/ pipi2.

    , pi pi pi3.

    ./13-3-20032222222222222222222.2222.22 304 .33.3.3.3333.3333.333333333333333333...33333333.333333333

    1892/1990 ( 101 ./31-07-1990), 111,1.1. pi pipipi pi - pi. , pi, pi .. pi pi pi... . pi 484 /62 /2 /4877 ( 7972.2 pi0-12-1990), : - -.../ 20 - pi pi . 35 ( 11 ./04-02-1991), 3.3. : - : pi.//

    1946/91 ( 69 ./14-05-1991) : -4.44 pi pipi pi./// pi 2/4867/28-8-1992 ( 6295.5 pi3-10-1992), pi pi -. / 23, , pi pi -, .pi pi 1/377/865 ( 577/23-09-6. pi, : -19992) / pi 2986 /2002 ( 24 ./13-02-2002), :77.7.7 pi / / pi. / pi 47587/57/16-05-03 (8.8.88 pi./03-06-2003), ....,696933/.

    pi & pi -, - .

    9. pi pi .12.1/545/85812/1 31.08.2005 ( 1280 ./13-09-2005), : - pi / pi.

    10. pi pi 60991/7/19-06-2006, : pi- pi () pi pi ().

    11. 117302/7/19-10-2007, : - pi -: , - pi, , -, Comenius, Leonardo da Vinci eTwinning.

    12. pi - pi, pi pi- 107632/7/02-10-2003, .. 13324/07-02-2006 7/126807/14-11-2003, 7/4115/16-01-2004 7/16065/14-02-2006.

    13. , pi, pi pi:.. 100496/7/18-9-2003, .. 66272/7/04-07-2005,.. 115926/7/20-10-05, .. 39271/7/17-4-06, ../39273/7/17-4-06, .. 127856/7/29-11-2006 ..120123/7/24-10-2007.

    pi pi pi pi pi pi pi ./13-3-2003 304 , pi pi . , pi - pi ... pi pi, pi pi- .

    2. pi pi pi 14

    I.2

  • - pi pi 1960. -, pi pi pi , pi:

    , (Neva-da Carson City), pipi - pi pi pi. -pi pi, pi: pi - pi pi - pi, pi pi. -pi pi -pi pi - pi pi pi pi pi pi.

    pi, ... pi - (91-516), pi. - pi pi pi pi, pipi .

    , (Ruschlikon), pi pi - pi , - pi pi - pi pi pi-.

    , , pipi - -pi. , pi Aix-en-Provence, - pi -.

    , , pi-, Project Environment, pi pi pi-.

    , , -, pi pi - pi. pi- , pi pi -, , - :

    --pi pipi - pi.

    pi pi - , pi pi pi .

    pi----- pipi ,,,pi pi pi ------.

    , pi, pi, pi :

    pi pi pi-----,

    pi, pi pi-------- pi, pi pi pi ---

    pi -------------pi pi pi....., pi --------

    pi, pi pipipipipi ---- . ----:

    pi ----- ,

    pi , pi pi , pi, pi pi pi

    pi pi pi pi pi pi,

    pi pi pipi pi pipi.

    , , 1 ---------pi, pi pi ........ pi pi pi pipi .. pi ---------- pi pi , pi, pi. ----- pi ---------------- pi pi. ---pi pi pi pi pipi----------------.

    To 1977

    To 1975

    To 1974

    To 1972

    To 1971

    To 1970

    3. pi pi 15

    I.3

  • , 2 - pi, - pi . - pi pi, - pi pi pi pi- pi . , - pi pi pi pi. - pi pi- , pipi - pi. , Epi pi pi : 90, pi, pi pi pi- pi, pi , pi pi pipi, pi pi pi, pi pi ..., pi pi pi, pi pipi, pi pipi.

    , pi pi - pi - - pi pi-pipipipipipipipipipi . pi - pi, -pipipipipipi .pipipipipipi

    , pi -.... . . pi pi. , pi pi pi, pi - pi pi.

    , -pi , pi pi, pi - pi pi - pi -

    pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi . :

    pi - ,

    pi - , pi

    pi -pi ,

    pi -.

    , , 3 pi : : pi pi- .

    , pi, pi, pi 21 pi pi - pi pi . pi- pi ... - 2005-2014 pi -pi.

    , , pi , pi pi pi -.

    , , 5 pi pi - pi pi pi pi -pi.

    , pi pipi- 4 -pi : pi - - pi pi.

    , pi , pi , pi , pi 3 15 , - ... -, pi .

    pi pi pi pi (Bali Mandate) :

    pi 2009,

    pi pi ,

    pi .

    , pi- , pi pi.

    To 1987

    To 2007

    To 2003

    To 2002

    To 1997

    1996

    1995

    1994

    1993

    19971992

    To 1992

    To 1988

    16I.3

  • 4 pi pi - pi A pi - pi . pipi - , pi -.

    pipi , pi- - , pi - . pi , , pi pi pi - pi pi, pi pi , -pi, pi -.

    pipi pi-, pi -. pi , pi pi pi . , pi pi pi pi pipi, pi -, pi pi pi- pi-. pi pi pi- -.

    pi pi pi pi - pi. pipi - , - , ,

    pi, , pi---, , pi .

    pi pi pi . -----, pi ---- , pi pi, ------pipi , pi , pi ,,,,,,, pipi, pi pi, pi , pipi---- pi, pi , pipi, , , ,, / , , -- pi. .. ...

    ----------- pi pi pi . pi ----------:

    pi , pi

    pi pipi

    pi pi

    pi , --

    --------.

    4. (Hungerford & Peyton, 1994.)

    To pipi .. pi

    To pi .. pi

    4. pi 17

    I.4

  • : pi-pipipipipi pi.

    Epi pi

    pi pi, pi pi pi.

    :pi pi pi pipi pi pi pi - / / pi pi pi pipi pi

    : pi pi - pi. pipi

    pi

    pi pi pi pi pi -pipipipipipipipipipipipipipi pi pi . pi -pipipipipi

    :

    ! pi pi : pi- pi pi - . pi pi-

    pi :pi , pi pipi -pi , pi pi.

    !!! : pi pi pi pi pi pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi pi pipi - pi. pi pi pi-

    . pi pipi pi .pipipipi

    , pi , pipi-

    pi , pi pi- pi pi pi, -pi pi pi, pi pi .

    pi pi:

    pi , pi pi . pi pi. pi pi pipi- pi.

    : pi pi pi.

    : pi pipi - . pi pi- . pi , , pi pi , , .pi. , pipi , pi pi , - pi pi pi-pi, pi pi pi pi.

    pi: pi pi-pi . -, pi pipi pi , -pi pi , - pi, , - pi pi, , .pi.

    : pi- pi pi pi , , pi pi pi. - pi pi pi .

    pipi (pi pi)

    pi pi5 :) , ) - pi, pi . - pi:

    (pi -).

    ( ).

    18I.4

    t al., 1994), (Glasersfeld, 1989), (Wheatley, 1991).5555..5..555..5555.5.555555555555555 (((((((((((DrDrDrDDrDDDD iver et

  • ( , pi , , -pi pi ).

    ( - ).

    pi- ( - ).

    : pi pi- pi ;

    : pi pi. pi - pipi pi -.

    : pi pi pi pi:

    pi, pi - . pi pi . ,pi . pi pi pi. -, : pi 15 pi, pi - ;. pi- .

    : pi pipi pi- pi - . -: - ;. pi , pi -, , -, . pi .

    . - pi .

    pi-: pi-. , , pi pi ;

    , pi , pipi - pi pi , - .

    pi

    , - pi -, pi, - . , - pi pi, pipi pipi pi pi pi pi .

    : pi pi pi pi pi

    : ------ pi, pipi, , pi .

    :" pi pi

    ;" pi pi

    pi;" pipi ------

    pi;" pi pipipi---

    pi, pipi pi ;;;;;;;;

    " pi ----------- ;

    " pi pipipipipipipi-----------, pi pi ;

    pi pi ---------- pi pi pi pi, ------------------ pi, pi pi ----pi. pi ----- pi : pi, ------------pi pi pi, , , ----------- pi, .. pi pi pi (pi pi ----------). pipi, pi --------- pi pi , -----------, pipi. :

    pi pi pi pi

    pi - pi pi pi

    : pi pi -------------------------- .

    pi pi: pi pi .

    pi pi::::::: pi . pi pi pi pi . ---------------

    19

  • pi pi . pi . pi - . . pi - pi: pi- pipi 30 , . pi, pipipipi , pi . , , pi . -pipipipi . pi : pi pi pi pi - :

    .

    pipi

    pipi - pi pi pi pipi. :pipipipipipipipipipipi pi pi- pi pi pi pi pi . pi pi pi , pi- , .. , - , pi-.pi pipi pi- / pi ., pi pi , pi.pi

    : pi pi pi - pi

    . - pi , pi :pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi pi pi- pi . pi - pi pi pi pi . - pi pi pi , pi- .

    pi pi

    - pi pi pi - ,,, pi , . pi pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi pi pi- /. :

    pi pi pi pi pi.

    pi pipi pi .

    pi ( pi) pi pi .

    pi pi -pi pipi pi pi- , .

    pi.

    : . . -

    pipi pi -. ( -) . - pi pi - . pi -: pi ;, -;, pi pipi -;, pi ;.

    , o pi pipi pi - pi pi - , pi pipi, - .

    pi . pi - . pi -, pi - , pi.., pi, pi pi - pi /pi- pi . -:

    pi pi pi .

    pi . pi. pi - pi pi pi.

    : - pi ;.

    pi pi , pi . , pi pi .

    20I.4

  • pi pi

    pi pi, -pi, pi, , pi pi pi - . pi pi- pi pi pi pi pi pi- pi-. :

    pi - pi .

    . -

    . pipi

    -pi.

    pi.

    pi - pi pi pi.

    pi pi pipi pi pi.

    pi pi pi pi pi pi pipi pi.

    pi, pipi (- pi pi, pi -pi, , .pi.) pi- pi pi pi.

    : pi pi .

    . pi pi pi .

    , pipi . -pi.

    pi (pi.. ) , pi.. 3 pi .

    pi , - . , pi- pi . pi-pi pi -

    . , pi---- .

    pipi, pi , pi pi pi ----pi.

    pi pi pi------ pi ---- , pi pipipipi pi, . pi----- pi . pipipipipipipipi------ ..... pi pi pi/ pi-------. pi pipi ----, --------------.

    ------------pi pi pi ,

    , pi pipi . pi pi pi .

    pi pi , ------------ pi----- pipi pi pi pi pi pi.

    : pi pi pi pi pi pi pi

    pi pi pi pi pi

    : pi -------------- pi .

    , pi.. pi ---- pi pi -----------.

    , pi pi , pi -------- ---.

    21

  • pi pi . , pi, pi -pipipipipi , pi, pi- , .pi. - pi , , pi pi pi , , - , pipi pi . pi. pi, pipi pi pi - . pi pi -pipipipi

    .

    pi

    pi -pi - pi -.. , pi . pi pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi , pi . pi- pi pi pi. , pipi - . , - pi pi pi pi. pi: pi pi pi pipi ( pi) - pipi

    : pi-:pipipipipi pi pi pi- , , pi, , pi . ,

    , pi ... , .

    pipi . pi - pi.

    /

    , , pi pi pi pi pi , pi .pipipipipipipipi

    pipi , pi pi. -pi, , pi -pi , pi pi pi pipi .:

    pi pi-/ pi , - pi pi - .

    pi pi .

    : pi pi . pi pi -pipi pi .

    , -. , pi - pi .

    - pi . - pi -, pi-pi pi.

    : pi pi- - pi pi . - pi .

    pi pi pi- pi .

    pi pi

    pi

    22I.4

  • pi

    pi pi pipi pi pi/. -, pi, pi -pi pi pi pi----.

    : ------pi .

    pi pipi pi---- . :

    pi (pi - ).).).).). pi pi: , -----, , , .pi.

    pi pi.

    pi

    : pi / pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi

    pi pi -

    pi-

    : pi pi pi , -pi , , , , , , , .pi.

    , pi pipi.

    : pipi pi pi pi- .

    pi pi pi pi pi pi pi .

    pi pi pi pi

    pi-

    : pi pi

    pi pi

    pi

    pi pi pi

    pi pi, pi pi

    pipipi

    pi pi, ,

    23

  • pi pi - , pi

    pipipipi:

    pi pi pi pi pi-

    .

    pi :pipi - pi . pi pi pi pi .pi pi pi pi -pi .pi , -

    .

    pi (, , - ) pi pi- . pi pi pi , pi , , , pi- , , pipi, , , pi- , , ..

    , pipi -Api - pi . pi- , 5 . pi pipi

    (, -pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi ;) -

    pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi .

    pi pi/ pi - pi, pio pi - pi .

    , pipi-

    , pi - / , pi -pi pi , .

    , pi-

    , . pi pi-, pi - pi pi pi.

    pi, pi, - pi - pi pi pi- pi pi .

    pi

    pi pi pi- . pi, - pi pi- pi pi pi pi pi pi, , - pi pi pi . pipi, pi pi pi pi -.

    pi pi /

    pi , pi (, , ).

    pi pi

    pi pi pi - pi. pi , pi- pi pi , - , , .pi.

    5. pi pi pi24

    I.5

  • pipi, pi- -pi pi-. pi, pi pipi pi- pi - pi pi , pi . , pipi pi pi.

    , pi - pi pi, pi , pi pi- pi. , - pi pi :

    , pi , , pi- pi , -, pi,

    pi pi- pi,

    pipi pi , pi, pi, pi pipi pi,

    pi ,pi pi ,

    / pi pi pi- pi , ,

    pi , , , pi pi pi- .

    pi pi - pi pi pi pi . pi, - pi , pi-, , , pi, ..

    pi- pi - (Pr-test/Post-test), pi -pi pi- .

    6 pi pi pi pi pi pi - pi. , pi- pi -. pi pi- pi pi , pi.

    , . . 1998. pi. : -----

    ., . . 1999. : pipi -----

    pi - . : Gutenennnnnennnnnn----berg.

    , . . & pi, . (pi.). 2004. ----: pi pipi. : . .

    304 ./13-3-2003., . 1993. pi. : --------------

    pi .Driver R., Asoko, H., Leach, J., Mortimer, E. & Scott, P. 1994. CoCCCCon-n-n----n-n-----n--

    structing scientific knowledge in the classroom. Educcationaaaalll ll ReeReReRRe----------searcher 23 (7), 5-12.

    Driver, R., Squires, A., Rushworth, P. & Wood-Robinson, V. 1998.88888 ---- pi. pi . . . . : ----------- pi- .

    Giordan, A., & Souchon, C. 1992. Une ducation pour lenvirronnemeentttttntntnttttttt...ttNice : Z Editions.

    Glasersfeld, E., von, 1989. Constructivism in Education. IIn T. Husennnnnnnnennnnnnnnnn& T. N. Postlethwaite (eds.). International encyclopediia of educccca-a-a-a-a-ation. Supplement Vol. 1. Oxford/New York: Pergamon Press, 16662-2-2-2-2-2-163.

    Hungerford, H.R., & Peyton, R.B. 1994. Procedures for devveloping g anananannnnnnannnnnnenvironmental education curriculum (revised). EnvironmentntntntalalalalalalalalallalaaaaEducation Series 22. Paris: UNESCO-UNEP.

    Wheatley, G.H. 1991. Constructivist perspectives on sccience annnnannnnndddddddddddddddmathematics learning. Science education, 75(1), 9-211.

    , pi, pi, -, pi, Brundtland, Epi pi, pi, -pi, pipi, Agenda 21, Brrundtlaanddreport, crossdisciplinary, environment, Enviroonmenntat llEducation, Education for Sustainable Devellopmeentn ,,interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary, sustainable deveelopmmenennt,t,,transdisciplinary.

    portal.unesco.org (Unesco)www.pi-schools.gr ( )www.ypepth.gr (pi ) ))

    6. (Giordan & Souchon, 1992.)

    M -.

    -(Pr-test)

    -(Post-test)

    pi

    pi

    ()

    pi

    6. 25

  • pi pi -

    1.600 . pi . - pi (78%) - (20,95%). pi pi, pi, (, , pi, , ), , , , .. , pi - , .

    T pi pi pi. pi- pi (pi=-). pi, pi , pi pipi 10 ., pipi pi pi- .

    pi pi pi pi-

    pipi pi , pi, - .

    (,pi, , .pi.) pi pi pi.

    pi . o , - , .. , pi pi - pi. pi pi - , pi pi - pi .

    , pi . , pi , pipi pipi. pi, pi pi 2 .

    1. 26II.1

    To pi - pi - . pi - pi pipi. pi - pi pi. pi 1982/1983 -pi pi pi, pi.

    pipipipi pipi pipipipipipipi pipipi

    pipi... pipipipi pipipipipipi ---

    ...

  • pi: pi pi pi ;

    pi pi- pi pi Fourier 1824, pi pi - , pi . , pi pipi -, , pi. pi, - , pi pipi 15oC, 30 oC.

    , , pi pi- pi - pi . pi pi 1% . -pi (CO2) (CH4). , pi , , .

    pi , pipi - - 650.000 . - pi pi pi . pi- pi, pi pi - . pi - pi pi 290 ., - 380 , pi pi

    280 . pi , pi 50 - 200 pi , pi-pi 650 .

    -, (-, pi, ). pi , -pi - , pi - , , , pi, ,.. , - pi pi - 0,6oC pi pipi. 20 1990 1.000 .

    , pi . pi pi pi pi (1861) pi 2005, 1998, 2002, 2003 2004.

    pi , pipi - pi-

    27

    .

    690-10.000

    85-690

    50-85

    20-50

    6-20

    pipipi

    pi

    pi pi pipipi pipi pi

    CO 2

    Epi

    pipipi

    pi pi

    pi pi. pi.

    TTpi

    CO2 pi .

  • pi . pipi , pipi pi- 1,4 5,8oC - 1990 2100, - , - 9 88 . - . , pi pi, pi pi11.500 , pi 5 oC pi , pi pi pi!

    pi, pi pi -

    pi pi, , - pi pi, , - . , pi pi - pi. , pi pi - pi pi , pi - pi 2000.

    pi , pi pi - . pi pi pi - 20 pi - pi- .

    pi - . - , pi pi - . pi pi pi (Golf Stream), pi pi pi. pi- , pi - pi pipi pi pi pi - .

    pi pi- pi pi- pipi . pi-pi pi, pi - , - , pi , pi, ,.., pi - .

    pi, pi- pi - pi-. pi pi- pi pi pi., pi , , pi- pi , -

    28II.1

    pi 1982 2004. pi pi pi- .

    ( ). 11 2005 . , - pipi CO2 .

    pi 2012 pi- pipi pi (CO2), pi pi -, (CH4), pi (N2O), - (HFC), pi - pi (PFC) - (SF6) 5,2% pipi 1990.

  • pi pi pi pi . pi - pi. - pi pi , pi - pi, pi pi.

    pi, - pi pi pi pi - pi pi pi, . , pi- pi, pi - .

    pi pi-

    -. pi pi pi pi - pi 19. pi , pi - , pi pi , , , , .pi.

    (SO2), pi pi - pi pi , (x), pi pi- . -

    (2SO4) (O3) -. , , , .pi., pi

    ; pi . pi - pi pi pi pi -, pi pi 2100.

    , pi, , pi pi - pi .

    pi , - , pi 90 1999 20 -. pi - pi 0,9 2oC . , , pi pi -. pi, pi, - .

    pi pi pi pi. pi pi o - .

    pi pi. pi pi - .

    29

    pi .

  • pi pi- pi pi (, -). , pi pi .

    pi- - pi - pi pi pipi . - p 5,6. p pi pi 4,5 pi .

    pi - pi . ,pi pi , -pi . pi- pi pi- .

    pi pi pi - pi, pi.. 1970 pi - 1980. , pi - pi , pi .

    70 pi -

    pi , pi pi - -. pi pi pi- pi , pi pipi pi- pi pi . , pi pi pi pipi pi pi.

    pi - (CFCs), pi - pi pi pi . -, (CFCs), pi - pi pi -

    , pi pi pi .

    pi, pi .pi, pi pipi pi pi, pi- / .

    pi 16 pi- 1987 pi 24 , pi pi pi . , pi, - pi 95% ., pi pi pi 180. pi . , pi , , , pi pi pipi 2050 .

    pi pi pi pi pi , -

    pi pi pi, pi pi - pi. , pi-pi pi pi pi - pi, pi, pi, pi pi.

    pi pi pi pi , , -, , , - , , .pi. - pi pi pipi pi pi pipi. , pi , pipi pi - pipi pipi .

    , pi pi , pi pi . , - pi pi , pi pipi pi -. , pi - pi, pi : (CO),

    (Pb), (SO2) - pi pi , pi pipi, pipi pi pi pi pi .

    (TSP) pi , pipi pi . pi 10 m.

    30II.1

    pi pi pi (2005). To - pi pi pi .

  • (NO2) pi- pi pi .

    (3), pi pi- pi pi pi pi, - , pipi , pi- pi pi . pipi pi

    pi pi- pipi . pi pipi pi pi , , . pipi , , - , -pi, pi- , pi , , .., pi pi pi .

    Jeftic, L., Milliman, J. D. & Sestini, G. 1992 (Eds.). Climate change and

    the Mediterranean. London: Edward Arnold.Kolbert, E. 2006. Field Notes from a Catastrophe: Man, Nature, and Cli-

    mate Change. Bloomsbury Publishing PLC.Miller, G.T. 2006. pi. : .Miller, G.T. 2007. pi -

    pi. 9 . M. . pi. : .

    31O pi pi pi pi pi: pi pipi

    pi / pipi

    pi pi , , .pi. pi pi pi pi, , , , .pi.

    pi pi pi . .

    , pi , pi (VOCs)

    pi pi pi , , .. pi pi pi pi .

    . pi.

    . pi pi,pi , , pi pi pi .

    pi.

    pi pi pi pi . pi pi pi,, ..

    pi . pi , pi pi pi pi pi .

    pi pi pi:, , pi pi, .. pi, pi, .

    .

    pi pi , .. pi pi pi , , pi, ..

    pi. pi .

    pi pi pi pi pi pi .

    pi pi pi .

    pi pi pi ,.pi. pi pi pi , , pi.

    pi.

    (, , .pi.) pi pi

    , pi , , ..

    pi .

    , pi, , , , pi, acidrain, atmosphere, atmospheric pollution, climate change,ange,greenhouse effect, weather.

    www.breathingearth.net/ (Simulator of CO2 emismission per country))www.greenfacts.org/en/climate-change-ae-ar4/ (Green Factssssssssssssssssssss,,,,,Facts on Health and the environment)www.ipcc.ch/ (Intergovernmental panenel on climattattttttttee eee eeee e e eeee chchchcchchhchhhhhhchchhhhhananananananaananannananananananannanangeegegegegegegegeegegegegeeeegeeeeggee))))))))))))))))www.realclimate.org/ (Realclimate, ClClimate scccccccccccieieieieieieeieeieeeeeeieeieei ncncncncncncccncncncncncncncccncncnnceeee eee eeeeeee eee ee eeee frfrfrfrfrfrfrfrfrffrfrfrrfrfffrfffff omomomomomomomomomomomomomomomomomommoommomomommommmm ccccccccccccccccc c c cccclililililililililllillilillllli-------mate scientists)www.unfccc.int/2860.php (United Naaations Frammmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmewewewewewewewewewewewewewewewewwewewwwewe orroroo k k kk CoCoCoCoCoonvnvnvnvnvnvnvnvnnvvenenenenenennennennnnennnnen-----tion on Climate Change)www.who.int/whr/2002/chapter4/e/enn/index7......hthththththththtththtthttttttthtttttthtmlmlmlmlmlmmlmlmlmmlmlml (W(W(WW(W(W(WW(W(WWWWWWWororoororororororooororrorororoorldldddldlddddlddddddddddld hh hh h hhhh hhhh hhh hh heaeaeaeaeaeaeaaeaealtltltltlttltltlttltltltltlttltltllttltl hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhorganization)

  • pi 70 % pi pi pi .

    pi 97% , pipi, pi - , , pi, , pi- , - pi. pi, pi pi .

    pi pi -

    pi : pi , , pi. , , . pi - , pi . pi- pi , 4C. pi 0C - pi pi , , pi . pi pipi -, pi pi pi pi. pi pipi pi - . pi pi , pi, .

    2. 32II.2

    : pi ... (USGS).

    3%

    97%

    0,9 %

    pi 0,3 %

    pi

    30,1, %

    pi68,7 %

    2222 2 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 11111111 %%% % %%%%%%%

    87%

    % pi pi .

    97,2: 2,15: pi 0,625: pi 0.009: pi0,016:

    pi pipi pi- .

    pi pi 1 , :

    972 ml -. 28 ml ,pi pi 21,5 ml pi- , 6,25 ml pi- , 0,09 ml pi- 0,16 ml .

    , 1 ml.

  • pi .pi , . pi pi . - .

    pi pi -

    pi , pi-, . pi pi . - ( ), pi, pi pi (- ) ( , -). pi , , , , pi . pi pi pi - pi pi 25 . - .

    pi pi pi pi pi , pi pi . pi- , pi pi, pi, -. pi pi .

    pi pi : , pi, -, pi, .

    pi pi - pi (pi, -, , , ..) . pi- . pi pi pi . - pi pi . pi, .

    pi pi - pi pi -

    . , pipi pi . pi pi pi pi-, pi pi , pi , pi pi, - pi , .. pi pi , pi-pi pi

    . pipi -, - pi pi. pi pi , pi pi- pi . , , - pi , pi - pi pi pi pi pi.

    pi pi.

    33

    pio (). , pi ().

    KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

    pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi

    pi

    Epi

    Epi

    pi

    40

  • , , pi pi - pi. pi pi , , pi , - pi pi pi .

    pi pipi pi -

    pi pi pi , - . - pi pi pi - pi-. , pi pi pi .

    pi. 2000 pi.., pi . , - pi pi pi. 5 pi.. , -pi, pi pi. - (484-410 pi..) pi pi -pi pi pi. pipi pi pi . pi pi . pi pi, pi pi.

    . -

    pi pi pi pi - pi . , pi- pi pi pi, -

    pi . , , - , pi,, : ) ) , pi, pi - pi.

    pi pi pi pi. pi . pi, -, pi pi pi pi.

    34II.2

    pi . ... pi, pi.

    pi pi pi .

  • ..., 232 -pi pi 26 pi pi -, - . , 18 pipi pi , , -pi. pi 1,1 pi, 18% pio pi, pi pi . pi 2,2 -pi pi pi pi pi - pi pi pi pi - pi pi .

    pi - pi:

    pi , pi pi , ,pi, ..,

    , pi , ,

    , pi pi, , -pipi, .., pi ,

    , pi , pi ,pi , ,

    pi pi -pi , - ,

    pi , pi , pi pi pi.

    pi , pi pi, pi pi -. pi pi . -, , pi pi- . , pi -. - . , ..., . , pi, pi.., , - , , .., -pi pi . pi, - pi pi pi pi pi- pi. , pipi pi pi pi pi .

    pi pi , pi

    pi pi -pi pi pi pi - pi . pi- pipi -

    , , pi pi- pi -. pi pi pi, pi, -, pi .

    pi: pi pi

    pi pi, pi pi pi - , pi :

    pi , -pi pi pi.

    pi, pi pi pi pi pi - pi pi, - pi - . pi - pi pi , pipi .

    pi pi pi, pi pi - pi -, pi.. pi -pi.

    pi pi -, pi pi pi / -.

    pi, -pi pi pi pi - , pi , -, .

    pi, pi pi .

    35

    Mo .

  • pi

    pi pi 3,7 . , pi pi - pi . pi - pi, pi pi- pi - , pi- pi-

    , pi. (, ) pi . - pi pi pi pi pi pi. pi pi, pi, pi, pi.., , pi- pi, pi pi .

    pi: pi pi pi , pi-

    , , , , pi-, . -, pi pi pi- .

    pi pi - wetland ( pi)1. pi - pi pi pi , pi pi , , . pi pi- pi pi , pi pi . -, pi, pi- pi, pi pi-, pi - .

    , pipi 400 -pi, pi pi - . pi pi-pi 1,5% . , 3% . pi pi- pi pi- pi. pi , 1920 , pi- pi. , pi - pi pipi pi . , - pipi pi.

    pi

    pi pi - . pi , pipi 70%pi , pi -. , pi -pi. pi 60%, -pi pi . , pi - pi .

    pi pi , pi , pi pi pi. pi pi pi- pi. pi, -, pi pi 150 -, pi- 2.400 , pi -pi 200 , pi- 2.000 pipi8.000 . M pi. pi 11 pi .

    1. pi , pi pi pi pi pi (1971, , ). pi - 191 1974. , , , pi pi -pi .

    36II.2

    .

  • , . pi -pi , pi pi pi. pi , pi pi, pi , . pi , -pi 140-150 - , pi pi - , pi - . , - pi pi pi pi pi .

    -pi pi - .

    , 83% pi pi - , 1% , 13% 3% pi. - pi.

    , pi

    pi pi , pi pi pi. pi pi pi pi, pi pi , , pi . pi pi pi, - pi . pi,pi pi, pi pi .

    , , pi pi - . pi . . pi, , , pi (pi , pi, pi pi, ..).

    pi , , pi pi pi, - , pi -, .

    , .. (pi.) 1990. -

    pi: -pi, WWF - IUCN, , 17-21 pi 1989.

    , . 1998. , pi, - . pi 1.: ....

    , . 1993. . 13(4), 67-81.

    , 2004. , pi pi . pi . .

    , . 1990. pi . , IUCN,.

    Lacoste, Y. 2006. : . - pi Larousse pi .

    Pearce, F. 1996. Wetlands and Water Resources. MedWet No 5, Tourdu Valat, Arles, France.

    UNEP. 2003. Water World: Childrens voices. An educational bookleton water for children.

    37

    pi:

    : 425: 400

    pi: 200: 40

    , M , -pi.

    , , , pi, -pi , water contamination, watermanagement, water pollution, water resourses, water,water cycle, wetlands.

    www.eydap.gr (....)www.iah.org/ (International Association of Hydrogeologistssts, TheWorldWide Groundwater Organisation)www.iah-hellas.geol.uoa.gr/home.php?lang=gr ( pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi ----pi )www.ramsar.org/ (The Ramsar Convention on Wetlaetlands)))www.worldwatercouncil.org/ (World Water Councnccil)

  • , pi, , pi-

    . -pi, . , pi,, pi pi-. . , , - pi . pi pi- pi pi pi . , pi pi, , pi- pi . , , pi pi pi pipi pi- , , .

    , pi.

    pi pi

    pi - - - pi- pi - , pi - , pi pi. , , . pi- pi pi ,pi pi pi pi.

    pi- pi. pi . - - , pi, - -.

    pi pi . pi, pi - , , pi - pi .

    pi pi pi pi - , pi pi pi .

    3. 38II.3

    .

  • pi pi pi- pi pi pi - pi pi pi pi pi .

    pi pi , pi pi , pi pi , . pi pi - pi pi, pi , pi, , pi, , , , ..

    pi pi, pi , - . pi - pi pi pi - (, , ), pi pi pi , pi pi- pi pi.

    pi , - pi pi - , pi , pi -pi pi . pi pi- pi pi, . pi -, pi pi, pi - . pi pi pi-, pi .

    pi , pi pi -. , pi pi -pi , pi pi -. pi, pi pi, . pi - (pi), pi pi-pi , , pi -pi pi pi pi, pi . , pi, - pi, , pi,, , pipi.

    - , pi.pi, pi - pi pi- pi - . pipi pi - .

    pi . pi pi pi . - pi pi pi. pipi pi...

    pi pi -pi. pi pi - , , , - , pi . pi pipi . pi , - pi pi , , , pi pi .

    - pi pi, -, , pi . - pi / pi, -pi -, , , -, .., pi, pi - pi, . pi pi .

    . pi . - , - pi, . - , -

    39

    pi- pipi -.

    pi pi, , pi pi pi pi-, pi pi.

    pi pi pi pi - pi , pi , pi pipi pi.

    ApiAApiAApiApiApiApiApiApiApiApiAAApiAAAAA , ,,,,,,,, , , pi

    BB

    pi

    pi

    pi

    -

    pi

    -

    pi

  • , , pi , , . pi pipi.

    , pi pi, , , , pi . pi -. , , -, , pi , pi-. : ) pi - , pi pi pi , - pi ) - pi pi , pi, - . , pi :

    , , pi . pi .

    pi, pi- , .

    , pH. pi pi - pi, pi , -, . pi - pi.

    . , pi pi -

    pi, pi pi pi, pi , pi .

    pi pi pi , pi, pi , - pi (soil profile).

    , pi pi ( ). pi- pi (-), pi pi- , . -pipi pi . . B pi - . C pi- pi, pi pi - pi pi. R - pi.

    pipi pi - . pi - pipi - pi.

    40II.3

    pi pi - pi.

    - .

    CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

    pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi

    pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi

    .pi.

    pipipipipipipipipi pipipipipipi

    , , ,,,, , ,,,,,, pipi

    pi

    pipi pi .pipi pi . pi

  • pi , pi -

    pi pi-, pi , pi pi,pi , pi pi. pi, pi pi - pi . pi pi , - pi pi, pi - pi , pipi, pi- pi . pi - . , , pi

    pi pi . pi- pi, pi pi, - pi pi. pipi pi pi - pi pi-. pi, pi- pi . , pi- , pi , -pi pi , pi pi . pi - pi pi , pi, ..

    : , pi- , , , ,

    pi pi pi, - . pi pi- pi , pi pi pi - pi.

    , , , , -pi , pipi pi pi pi .pi pi, pi pi- . pi .

    pi pipi - pi - pi pipi-, pi : ) pi pipi pi, ) pipipi -pi ) - .

    41

    .

    pi o.

    O - O

    A - O

    EE - pi

    -

    C -

    R - pi

  • pi , pipi pi pi -

    pi pi pi pi. pipi , - pi pi pi-pi pi pi.

    pi pi - pi (pi , , ), - , pi, - , - pi 1958 pi pi .

    pi pi - ( pi, pi), pi-pi , -, pi pi pi. pi pi , pi pi . -, pi pi- pi . pi , pi pi, .

    , 38.000 - , pi - pi, pi pi- pi - . pi, pi- pi pi , pi . pi , -pi 40 , pi pi -pi .

    pi pi pi

    pi, pi . - pi. pi , pi , pipi pi . -, , pi, - pi, pi- , pi , .., -pi .

    pi pi pi , pi, pi, , pipi, - pi , pi-, . pi pipi pi , , pi-

    , , , pi- .

    -

    , pi, pi .

    - . -pi pi , pi - pi , pi, pi -, pi pi pi. - pi pi pi .

    - pi pi- . pi, - pi pi pi, , , - pi , pi -.

    pi . pi pi - pipi, pi, -pi, pi pi.

    pipi pi pi-

    , - , pi pi. pi , - pi pi pi - 10%. pi pi pi.

    pi pi pi- . , , -pi, , pi pi- pi.

    II.342

    (E).

  • pi pi pi - , pi, pi pipi. -pi, pi pi, pi , pi pi - .

    , 40% pi pi- pi. , , , , pi , pi 10% , -pi pi.

    pi pi pi , , pi- pi pi . pi pi , pi pi - pi , pi , pi pi pi .

    pi pi pi -

    pi, pi pi , -pi pi , pi pi pi . pi , , pi pi -, , , pi -. pi pi . - pi pipi pi . pi pi pipi -. , pi pi , pi . - pi pi .

    pipi pi- pi pi pi -. , pi , pi pi- .

    , . 2000.pi. pi

    . : ., . 2005. . .

    : pi ., . & , . 2003. . 3 . -

    : pi. - , ., , ., , . & pi,

    . 1997. . pi -, , .

    , . & pi, . 2005. - -. : pi.

    pi, . 2004. - pi . : .

    , . & , . 2006. pi pi .: .

    Miller, G. T. 1991. Environmental Science: Sustaining the Earth. Bel-mont, California: Wadsworth Publishing Company.

    43

    pi pi .

    pi pi pi pipi - , pi- . pi, pi, , pi . pi , pi- , , pi . - pipi pi pi- pi -.

    , , pi, pi-, pi, , , -pi, , pi, desertification, geodi -versity, geological heritage, geoparks, geosites, soil ero -sion, compost, soil profile.

    www.auth.gr/agro/ (pi ...)www.efita.net (European Federation for Information Ton Technololololololollollllologogogogogogogogogogogooogggogogoggogogogoogo yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyin Agriculture, Food and the Environment)www.fao.org (Food and Agriculture Organizatzation)www.geol.uoa.gr/ ( pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi ....)www.igme.gr ( ---------------------)www.soils.org (Soil science society y oof AAAmememememememmemememememeeemememmemmemmmemememeeememmmememmeemmmemmmm riririiririririrririririrrrirrrrrrrrriririir caccaccacacacaccacacaacccacaccaacaa))))))www.soilsci.com (Soil science)

  • pi pi . pi pi , , , pi . pi. pipi pi . pi .

    E pi . pi , , pi pi pi pi pi pi- . , pi pi pipi 25,5% pi . 66% pi . pi pi , , , .pi., pi 23,9% -. - 65,13 , pi 49,4% -pi .

    , pi - . , -, pi, , .. , pi, pi -, pi, ..

    pi pi , pi, -

    pi pi - . -pi . pi, , -, . pi pi pi pi pi pi pi-.

    pi pi, pi pi-

    pi pi , pi . , , pi . pi- pi, pi pi pi pi , pi- pi pi-.

    pi pi , pi -, pi . pi pi- pi . , pi pi 4C. pi pipi 400 kg .

    pi . pi pi pi pipi-

    , pi pi, , - , pi -pi .

    , pi :

    4. 44II.4

  • pi-

    , pi , pi pi-pi pi pi. , pi , pi pi. - (,pi, , ..) pi

    pi, . pi- pi, pi- -.

    - - . - - . pi-pi pi-, pi- pi- .

    pi pi pi

    pi . pi pi -, pi pi, , , , ..

    , ,

    . pi

    pi . , pi- , pi pi - . , (- pi), . , pi pi (pi -), pi , .. pi pi- pi pipi.

    pi pi 800 ., pi -

    pi , pi pi, , pi, pi . pi pi, -, , - pi. pi -, , , pi , pi pi, 1.100 . pi - pi 1.700 pi, - , pi- , pi , - pi. - , 800 700 .

    pi pi -pi pi pi-

    pi -. pi : ) pipi pi , , -

    45

    .

    pi .

    .

  • pi . pi, - , pi, -, . - pi - -. , pi pi -. ) , pi pi pi- , pi , -pi 700 . 1.700 . , pi - . ) . ) - pi , pi pi - pi.

    pipi pi -

    . pi - , , pi -pi pi pi pi . , - pi . pipi pi . pi pi - , pi, ,

    .., pi pi pi.

    pi -

    , , pi pi , pi -, , .. pi, pi - pi pipi, pi .

    , pi pi pi- 20 . pi pipi . - , pi, pi pi pi - pi pi pi pi pi. , - pi pi pi -pi . pi -, pi pi , pi .

    , pi, -pi

    , pi pi- pi pi, :

    pi. pi -

    . pi pi, pi , pi pi , pi, pipi,, pi, .. pi, pi, pi pi. pi- pi 175 - pi.

    46II.4

    pi .

    pi pi .

  • pi, pi, pipi , pi , , , , , , .pi.

    , .

    pi pipi 400 kg pi, , 400 kg pipi -. pi , pi pi - pipi -pi .

    pi pi.

    pi pi- pi pi,pi , pi -, , .pi. pi pi- pi 3.200 kg pi - (). pi- 19,3 kg .

    pi pi. pi pi -

    . , - . , pi pi pi 10 -pi. pi, , -, pi 6%, - pi pi .

    . pi pi, pi

    pipi 150 , .

    pi pi , 12-15% , pi pi-pi pipi .

    . pi pi 30

    ., 5-6 db. pi 100 ., pi - 30 db.

    , pipi .

    pi 3 - 50% , pi pi , pipi 10-20%, pipi - pi. pi , - pi pi, - , pi-.

    , .

    pi 40-50% . , pi 24%.

    pi - pi .

    pi , pi pi -pi pi . , pi pi. , pi- pi pi pi - pi pi. , pi , .

    , pi , .

    pi pi ,pi, pi pi pi-. , pi pi . pi , pi pi pi 250-450 kg - - .

    47

  • pi .

    pi pi pi. pi - pi - pi pipi pi-. pi , pi pi pi, pi pi , pipi.

    pi pi : pi, pi-, pi, pi

    pi pi pi -pi . pi pi . , 45.000 - pipi pi pi. pi- pi , pi -pi, . pi, pi -, pi, . pipi pi. pi -, , - , pi- , pi -, pipi- pi pi.

    pi - . pi pi- pi .

    , pi, pi pi pi- (pi pi 10 ), pi pi , pi . , -pi , pi pi pi pi , pi .

    pi - pi pi pi ,pi . pi pi pi pi -. , , -pi pi pi -. pi . pi -pi , pi- .

    pi pi pi , pi-, pi pi -. , pi , .

    pi pi, pi, pi- , , pi pi . - 2007, pi- 6.000 -, 2,69 , 74 -pi . pi 100.000 pi - , pi , , , , .

    , pi pipi pi 24 , pi pipi pi- , - , pi -pi (, , .pi.).

    48II.4

    (2007), . (2007)

    pi pi: pi .

    pi pi pi .

    pi pi pi .

    pi pi pi pi (, - pi pi).

    pi . pi .

    pi pi pi .

  • pi pi ..

    o pi pi , , , pi- . pi, pi, - . - :

    pi pipi pi pi pi - .

    pi pi pi - pi .

    pi .

    pi pi pi pi , pi . , pipi pi -: pipi pi pi ( ) pipi pi pi ( ); pi pipi, pi pipi ;

    pi . pipi pi , pipi pi pi pipi pi.

    pi - pi, pi . , pi

    pi . , , pipi pi . - , pi , pi pi , pi pi 50%. pipi pi - pi .

    pi - pipi pi:

    pi, pi pipi -pi, - .

    pi pi pi , .

    - pi pi - ,pi pipi pi -pi .

    , - pi pi- .

    pi pi pi - pi, pipi - pi.

    pi, . 1998. . . : -

    , pi .pi, . 2001. . . -

    : , pi - .

    , ., 2004. . pi pi .

    , . 1983. pi pi-. .

    , . 1986. . : . pi.

    , . 2003. . . : .... - .....

    49

    pi %

    .

    1. 3.297.620 13,1

    2. pi 4.757.770 18,9

    3. 1.370.470 5,5

    4. pi 237.870 0,9

    9.663.730 38,4

    .

    5. 7.475.490 29,8

    6. 2.190.700 8,7

    7. pi 1.017.650 4,1

    8. 4.776.610 19,0

    15.460.450 61,6

    25.124.180 100,0

    , pi ,

    pi, , ,,,,,,,,,, , , , , ,,,,,,, fofofofofofoffffofofofofofoffofofofoffffofofffffoffffffffofffoof reeeeeeeeeeeerereeeeeeeeeeereeereererereeeereereeeeeeeeeestststststststststststststststststststststststststssstststtststtsttttsttsssstts ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,forest fires, greek forests.

    www.europa.eu/index_el.htmm (Eurrropoopopopopopopopopopoopopopoopoopppopopopopopppoopopppopoppopoppoppopopopopoppopoppopoppoppopoppppa,a,a,a,a,a,a,a,a,aa,a,a,aa,a,aaaaaaaa,a,aaaaa,aaaaaa,aaa,aa pipipipipipipi -------------pi )www.fri.gr ( ))))))))))))))))www.minagric.gr (pi pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi &&& & & & ))))))

  • pi pi pi (Biodiversity) - (Biological Diversity). pi 12 - pi. pi -pi 1: - / pi pi - , , pi pi . pi pi , .

    pi, pi pi , - . , pipi pi pi pi pi, pipi . pi pi - pi - . , pi, - pi. pi, . pi , . , pi, pi pi , pi . - pi., pi, .

    pi pi . -

    , , , pipi pi- pi . - pi. pi, pi - .

    pi pi pi pi -

    5. Bpi 50II.5

    1. ( , 1992): pi, pi pi pi pi 150 - pi , pi pi CBD (Convention on Biological Diversity).

  • . pi - . pi, - . pi pi - , pi pi , . , pi pi pi pi pi pi. pi, - , -. pi pi pi- pi pi, pi .

    pi pi 4,6

    . pi pi pi- . , - pi pi pi , - pi , pi pi .

    pi pi , . pi , pi pi pipi-

    . pi pi , pi- pi - pi pi. pi , pi pi- . , pi pi-

    , pi pi . pi

    - pi - . pi pi- . - pi pi . pi , pi-, pi, , pi, - pi -, . pi pipi pi pi - pi pi- pi pi- pi - .

    pi pi pi pi pi .

    ( ), ( ) -. pi -

    . , pi, pi , pi pi - pi.

    pi pi pi pi- pi pi -

    pi - , . pi, pipi , pi, - pi, pH. pi pi pi pi- pi pi -pi pi pi- pi -, pi pipi pi -

    pi . pi pi pi -

    pi pi pi - - . . pipi- ( ), pi

    - . -, pi, - -, -

    51

    pipi pi

    4 / pi

    3 / pi

    2 / pi

    1 /o pi

    pi

    pi

    pipi

    pipipi

    pipi

    pi pi

    pipi pi

    pi

    . pi - . pi

    pipi 52.000 .

  • pi pipi. , -, pi pi - pipi. pi -pi , pi . pi.

    pi, pi, pi - pi - pi pi pi - pi pi . pi, , pi pi pi. pi - pi pi pi-. , - .

    pi pi, pipi 1,75

    . , pi pi , pi . pi, , pi , pi, pi.., , pi 0,5 -. pi, - . -pi 13,5 .

    pi pi (Kingdoms), . - pi pi-pi pi pi. -, (Domains): ) Eukaryota (- ), ) Bacteria (), )Archaea ().

    , , pi, pi, pi

    . pi - , pi pi , - pi , pipi . - . pi, pi pi -pi pipi -, pi .

    - pi pi pi , pi pi pi pi . pi , pi-, pi pi , , pi pi . , pi pi, - pi . pi -pi pi pi pi, . pi - pi pi pi- , pi-.

    pi pi pi pi. pi pi ( ) pi .

    pi pi-. , pi pi,

    52II.5

    pi, Eukaryota,Bacteria, Archaea.

    E

    pipi

    pi pi

  • pi -, pi pi pi pi . pipi - pi, pi., pi pi , - , , , pi pi pi- pi - .

    pi pipi 5.700 pi pi. pi , 18% (pi 1.000 ) . pi ,pi, pi pi pi 1.170 pi, pi pi . pi pi. - 4.400 pi, 30.000 50.000 . , pi pipi pi -.

    pi , -, pi pi

    pi pi , -, . pi-pi pi ( ) -. pi pi , -, pipi pi . - pi , pi .

    pi pi pi . , pi - . , , - . 5 - pi. pi pi-, pipi 99% pi

    pi . , pi- pi. -pi . pi, -, pi pi - pi. pi pi pi.

    pi -pi -pi -

    53

    pi . - pi pi - pi pi.

    pi pi - pi pi . pi - pi , - - pi pi . - pi pi - , pi pi pi .

    O pi 4,6 -O 4 6 .

    pi pi:

    pi - .

    pi , . pi , - pi -pi pi ., pi pi, , ..

    pi (pi.. -).

    / ( / pi ) pi , pi , -, ..

    pi pi , pi..pi.

    - ---.

    pi pi ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,pi pi ---------- .

    .

  • pi -. pi pi pi pi pipi .

    , pi pi -pi pi, pi , , pi pi .

    pi pi pi-, pipi pi , -, pi pi. pi pi pi , pi , pi pi .

    pi, pi . pi pi pi, -, . pi - pipi , pi pi pi -.

    pi , pi pi . (Aquilaheliaca), (a Caretta caretta), a (Monachus monachus), pi (s Aegypius mo -nachus), (s Ursus arctos), (s Canisaureus), (s Capra aegagrus cretica), aa Mpipi (Achillea barbeyana), pi-aa (Paeonia parnassica), aapi (Cephalanthera cuculata), aa (Soldanella pelia), pi .aa

    54II.5

    .

    pi .

    pi pi pi - pi . - , pi :

    pi -pi pi, , -pi pi pi -pi pi, , , pi- pi.

    pi .

    pi. . pi pi. pi . pi . .

  • 55 pi pi

    pi, pi pi .

    pi: , pi pi.

    . pi pi, pi- pi, pipi - pi pi.

    pi pi, , -pi.

    (CBD) - pi pi pipi, pi- , pi pi.

    pi, - .

    pi - pi pi, pi .

    , :

    , 1992 pi pi, 1991 , pi pi, 1979

    , pi , 1979

    , , 1976 , , 1974 , pi,

    1971

    pi - 79/409 (1979) pi - 92/43 (1992) -pi, pi. pi pi pi , NATURA 2000. pi pi pi 1/6 pi pi. , pipi 260 pi pi -. pi pipi 22% pi. pi pi - pi pi pi.

    pi. pi. pi-

    . .

    National Geographic, 1999, pi.

    ( pi)., . & , . 1996. pi pi-

    pi pi pi pi. . : .

    , . . & , . . (pi.). 2005. pi - . 2000, pi pi , .

    Gaston, J.K. & Spicer I.J. (eds). 2002. pi. .pi pi , . ,. : University Studio Press.

    Knoll, H. A. 2003. Life on a Young Planet: the first three billion yearsof evolution on Earth. Princeton, N. Jersey: Princeton UniversityPress.

    pi, , , ,,,,,,, pi, biodiveriversity,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,,yy,y,,,y, CCCCCCCCC C CCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCooooooononononooooonoooooooooooono veveveveeeentntntntntntntntnttntttioioioooioiooioiooooiooooooooooooooonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnon Biological Diversity (CBD), endememic ssssssssspepepepepepepepepepepepepepepepeepepepepepeppeppepepepppppeep ccciciciciciciicciciciiccc esesesesesesesesesesesesesssssss, , , , , ,,, NANANANANANANANAANAANANANANNNANANANANAATUTUTUTUTUTUTUTUTTUTTTUUTUTUUTUTUTUUTUUUTTTUTUTUUTUURARARARARARARARAARARARARAARARAARAAAARRARRRRAAARAAAAARAAAAAAAAAAARAAA2000, species, species extinctionon.

    www.biodiversity.uoguelph.caca (Biooioooooooooooooooooooooooooooodididididiiiiiiiveveveveveveveveveevvevveeevevevvvevevevvevevevvevevvvevevevversrsrsrsrsrsrsrsrsrsrsrsrssrsrrsrrsititititititititttttty y yyyy yyy yy y y yyyyyyyyyy yyyyyyyyy IIIInInnnIInnIIInnnnnnInnnIInInnIIn tststtststttstststststststststtststititittititititttitiii uuuututututuuuutuuuuuuuuuuu eeeeeeeeeeeee e ee e eeeeee ofofofofofofofofofofofofofoffofofofoofoofofofoffffff OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOntntntntntnntntntnttntnttntnntntntnttntnntn ararararaararrrarararrarrrarararrarrarrrrarrioioioioioioioioioioioioiioioiiooooioiooiioiioioiiioioiooio,,,,,,,at the University of Guelph)www.cbd.int (Convention on Bioooooooooooooooooooooolololololollloogigigiigigigiigigicacacaccacaaacacaacaaacacacaaacaaaacacaaacacaaac l l l l l lll lllllllllllllllllllllllll BBBBiBiBiBiBiBBBiBBBBBBiBiBiBiBBiBiBiBBBBiBBBB odoooodododdddddodoodooododdooddoododiivivivvivivivvivvivvivivvivvvivvivvivvvererererererrerereerrerrrrreererrerree sisisisisisisisisiisississ ttyttytytytyytytytttytytyytyytttytytyttyytyyytyyyytyyyyyyy))))))))))))))))))))))))))))www.environment.gov.au (AAAuuususussssuususssuuuuu trtrtrralalalalaliaiaiiaaaaaaiaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa ggggggggggggg g govovovovovovovovovovovovoovvovovvvvvovvererererererrereeereeeereeeereeeeeeeeeeeee nnnmnmnmnmnmmmmnnmmnmnmnmnmnmmmnn eeeenenenenneneneneneneneennennnennnnnt,tt,ttttttttttt,t,t,ttttt,t,tt,tt d d dd dd d d d ddddd ddddddddddddddddddd deeeepepepepeeeeeeepepeeppepeepepepeeeeee arararararrarartmtmtmmmmmmtmtmtmmtmmmmeneneeneneneneneneneneneneeennenennneeennnnnnee tttttttttttttttttttttttttttttof the Environment, Water, HHeeeeeerrrereeeeeereeeeee itititittttagagagagaggagagaggagaage e e e e aanaanananaanaanannannnnnaaanaanannanaaaaannannnana d d ddddd dddd ddddddd ththththhhhhhhhhhhthhthhtht eee e e e eeeeee e ee e ararararararrrarararararrraaaartststtssttssstssssstssssttssssts)))))))))))))))))

    K (Pancratium maritimum) pi pi .

  • pi pi pi pi . -, pi pi pi, pi pi, pi pi-pi, pi . pi pi , - pi -. , pi, , ,..

    -.

    pi , , , pi-. pi, , pi -.

    pi (...)pi pi. -pi . pi, pi . , , , , -, pi , pi, pi.. pi, . pi pi - pi. pi pi pi- . -pi pi.

    2001/77/EC, 20,1% pi pi 2010. - pipi 3.000 MW pi -.

    pi pi pi pi pi pi

    pi pi pi-.

    pi, , pi pi pi pi - pi.

    pi, , pi pi pi , pi, pi.., - pi. pi pi - pi pi - pi pi pi. pi pi, pi pi, -, , , pi -.

    6. 56II.6

  • pi (, , , .pi.) -

    pi . pi 68% pi pi 85% -pi pi pi -, , - .

    , pi - pi - - - - - , pi pi. - pi pi pi. pi- , pi -pi pi pi pi 45 .

    pi pi pi pi pi. - pi. pi, pi -pi pi , -pi, , pi, .. pi pi-. - (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries-OPEC) 2/3 pi pi 40% pi pi pi. pi pi pi - , OPEC pi pi pi pi. ... 3% pio pi pi, -pi 30% pi pi.

    pi 90% - pi pi pi -: ..., , , -. pipi pi. , , ... -

    , pi- pi pi.

    , 20% pi pi -pi 75% pi pi.

    pi pipi , .

    pi pi pi pi pi

    , pi pi -. - pi pi pi.

    , pi -pi pi, . , . - , pi , pi .

    , pi-, pi , pipi pi- .

    , - pi , , pi pi- pi pi pi - .

    pi pi pi, pi-

    pi pi. , pi

    pi pi pipi , - - pi pi. -pi, pi pi pi pi pipi .

    pi -pi pi . -, pi . pi - pipi 1/6 pipi pi-. , pi, , pi pi pi - pi , pipi .

    pi pi. - pi pi - pi - . -, , - -.

    57

    pi pi Mpi.

  • II.6

    pi pi pi pi -

    pi pi , - - pi. pi, pi - , pi, pi, pi-pi pi.

    , pi-

    pi pi pi pi pipi .

    , pi - (,pi ), pi , , pi . , pi, pi , pi. pi pi- .

    -pi pi pi pi-. , pi, pi - -. (-, ..) . , , -, pi - pi .

    pi pi . , , pi - pipi .

    pi pi pi .

    pi, pi -

    pi pi, , - pi .

    pi pi - pi pi- pi . pi pi- . pi pipi pi- pipi.

    pi pipi pi . , pi pi . , pi pi- .

    pi, , . - pi . pi - pi pi , -pi pi- . pi -pi - pi. -, ,pi, pi , pi , -, pi, - -.

    pi (EWEA), 2007, - pi pi

    ... pi.

    pi.

    58

    pi .

  • 59 27 18% 2006 56.535 MW. , 2007, - 871 MW, pi 14,3%.

    pi pi-

    . pi pi . - pi pi pi , , pi pi pi , pi pi . -, pi pi pi . pipi- pi - pi 150 C, pi pi . - , -pi , pi, -, .. , pi pi - . pi pi- .

    pi pi - pi pi , - . pi- pi pi pi - pi pi pi-. pi -pi pi, pi , pi pi, - .

    , pi pi (, , ) - (, ).

    pi pi -

    pi pi pi pi. pi - pi ( ).

    pi pi pi pi-, pi... pi , pi pipi 90% pi pi ...

    pi pi pi, pi - , pi, pi - , pi pi,pipi pi, -, , pi pi- , ..

    pi pi - :

    pipi .

    pi. -, pi , pi , , -, pi, .

    : pi pi.

    pi pi -.

    . pi pi pi .

    , - , pipi, pi , , -, pi, pipi pipi pi , pi pi, .. pi pi - pi pipi pi. pi, , pi pi , - . - pi pi pi -, pi, pi.., , , pi, pi.., - , pi pi -

  • pi, pi .

    : /

    pi , -. , pi . pi, pi -, pi, , pi- . , pi pi - pi , pi, pi pipi CO2, SO2 NOx.

    , ....., pipi 35% - pipi pi pi 40% pi -pipi .

    , , pi pi pi. -pi pi pipi pi - pi, - pi pi pi - pi. pi pi pi- , , pi pipi.

    pipi pi: pi . -, pi, pi pi, ... -, , pi -.

    pi. pi-, pi pi- pi . pi pi. pi , pipi-, pi pi pi-.

    , - pi pi. - pi- pi .

    : pi pi-

    pi, pi pi pi pi pi , pi- , pi pi - pi .

    pi pi - pi , -

    II.66060

    , , pi , 400 pipi .

    B .

    , - pi -.

    , pi (,, , , , , .pi.) pi (, ,, , ..) - , pi pi- pi- . , -pi 400 pipi - . - pi pi -pi . , - pi pi - .

  • pi, pi . pi pi- pi, pi pi pi- . pi pi- pi pi . pi , - , pi pi pipi.

    2007, pi pi pi -pi 16% pi -. pi 27 , pi152 pi , , ,, . pi 30% pi pipi pi . pi 70 - pi pi - (....) pi pi pi pi -. pi , , , pi .

    - : pi pi - pi pi pi-;

    pi pi :

    pi pi pi . pi pi , pi -pi .

    pi pi - . , pi pi pi.

    pi pi pi - pi.

    pi pi -, pi pi- pi -.

    pi , , pipi . pi.

    pi pi

    . - pi . pipi pi. pi . pi pi - pi pi pi pi.

    pi pipi

    pi pi pi pi pi , pi , , pi -pi pi - pi -.

    pi pipi , pi, ,pi pipi : pi , pi , pi -,

    pi pi -,

    pi, - pi ,

    pi pi - ,

    pi pi,

    pi .

    , . 2007. pi 21 . Energy point,

    10, .pi, . 1994. pi. : Green-

    peace..... 1996. pi . . - , ., , ., , . & pi,

    . 1997. . pi -, , .

    , . 1986. . : .Miller, G. T. 1991. Environmental Science: Sustaining the Earth. Bel-

    mont, California: Wadsworth Publishing Company.

    61

    , pi, pi - (...), , , -, , , , pi , pi,pi , , pi, biofuels, biogas, bioclimatic architecture, coal, geothermalenergy, natural gas, natural resource, nuclear power,petroleum, renewable energy resources, solar energy,wind farm, wind power.

    www.cres.gr/kape/energeia ( ------------------------, ....)www.europeanenergyforum (The EuEuropopeaeaaaeaeaeaeaeaeaeaaaaeaaeaaaeee n n nn n n nn EnEnEnEnEEEnEEnEnnererererrrreerrrgygygygygygygygygygyygygyygyygyy FFFFFFFFFF FFFF FFFFFFFFFFFououououuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuunndddndndndndddndndnddnddndndndndatatatatatatatataattttioioioioioioioioioioioi n,n,n,nn,n,,nEEF)www.iea.org (International Eneergy AgAgAggAgggggggggAgAgAgAgAggAgAggAgAgAAAgAggAAggeneneneneneeneeeeeeneee cccycyccycycycycyccyycyyccyyyy, , IEIEIEIEIEAAAAA)A)AA)A)AAAAA)A)A)AAAA)A))A)A)))))), ,, , ,www.opec.org (The Organizatation ofofffffffffffffffffff PP PP P PPPPPPPPeteetetetettetttrorororororororoooororororrooleleleleleellelelellelelelelel umumumumummmmmmmmmummmmmmmmmmmum EE E E EEEEEExxxpxpxpxpxpxxxporororororrrrrrorrtititttittitittingngngngngng C CCC C CCCCCouououououououoouooouun-n---n--ntries, OPEC)www.world-nuclear.org (Woorldd NNNNN NNNNNNNNNNucucucucuccccucccucccuccuccu leleleleeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeel arararararararrarararararrrararrarararararrrrar AAAAAAAA AAA A AA A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssocoocccccooccocccccccccoccocccccco iaiaiaiaaiiaiiaiiaiiatititititititititiiononononononnnnn)))))))

  • pi pi , pi pi pi -

    , pi pi - . pi pi pi. - pi pi: - pi pi, pi pi pi , pi ,pi, pi. pi, pi ,pi , , pi pi pi-.

    pi - pi , , pi, , pi .

    pi, , , pi

    pi pi pi -pi pi. pi -, , pi, pi . pi pi . , , , - pi.

    pi pi , -, , pi , pipi pi pi pi. pi - pi pi pi pi pi. pi pipi pi 2006/12/. pi pi -, , - pi, pi (...., ....). ,pi, pi , -pi, pi, pi.., pi, pi-.

    pi pi. 91/271/- pi : 1. ,

    7. pi pi62II.7

    T pi , pi pi .

    pi

    A /

    / pi

  • - . 2. , pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi -.

    pi pi (..) - , pi.. , - , , , , , -, pi -pi . pi pi -, , pi pi -pi. , , ., , pi ,pi , , pi ,pi, , pi,.. pi pi. - pi, pi pi. pi , ,, , pi-, pi pi -, pi, pi pi , -, , .. pi pi (...13588/725/2006) , pi - pi pi 91/689/ pi pi- pi -pi pi. pi, -pi pi - pi -.

    pi pi - . pi pi-pi , - pi. pi pi, , - pi pi pipi. pi pi-, pi, pi, pipi - pi , , .

    pi pi, pi , pi . pi pi- pi pi -pipi , -pipi pi- pi. pi -pi pi, pi pi pi- , pi pi. pi pi, pi pi - pi -.

    , pipi 4,6

    pi pi . pi, pi 39% pi pi 16%. pi- 1997 0,97 kg//. 2001, 1,14 Kg// pi . pi pi pi pi, pi - pi pi - (46%), (19%), pi (9%), (5%) (5%).

    , , pi - pi (....) pi. -, pi pi pi pi. ....., 2000 pi 1.420 - , pi 65% pi pi pi, 3.430 pi- pi.

    , , - - pi-

    63

    pi pipi pi: pi pi pi pi-

    , pi pi pi -,

    pi , pi pi, pi, pipi pi, pi pi , pi -pi pi.

    M pi pi

    46%

    19%

    16%5%%5%

    9%

    X

  • . 2006 pi pi pi pi6.000 pipi , pi.

    pi, pi.. , - pi pi. , - , -pipi. , , pi - .... pi.

    pi, pi-pi pi pi . , pi pipi pi .

    pi pi pi pi -

    , pi - pi, - (..).

    pi,pi.. , , -, pi pi, pi pi- . , pi -pi. pi pipi - . pi , pi pipi pi pi, -pi pi pi . ,pi, pi pi pi-, , -pi , pi pi - pi pi. , pi - pi pi .

    pi - , pi pi pi pi. , pi pi, pi, pi pi.

    pi pi - pi - . pi pi- pi pi - pi - . , , - pi pi pi. pi pi, , pi pi pi . pi, pi , pi pi-pi .

    pipi, pi pi pi pi-pi. pi - .

    pi pi -

    pi pi pi pipi . - pi - pi. pi - pi pi - , pi pi- pi pi- . , pi .

    pi pi pi pi pi pi. pi

    64II.7

    .. (pi) pi (). , ,pi pi pi , , pi-pi, pi pi . -pi .

  • pi, , , , pi pi, , pi-, pi -.

    pi - - , pi pi -pi , - , pi -. pi .., pi pi , pi .

    pi pi pi200.000 , pi pi .

    pi pi . pi, , pi pi , , pi pi- , pi pi- pi pi-. pi , pi pi pi pi . pi, pi-, pi, pi, pi pi, ..

    pi pi

    pi - pi -. , pi pi pi pi - pi. - .

    pi pi pi pi pi pi - pi pi pi - pi. pipi , pi pi , pi- pi, pi pi- pi, pi-. , pi pi. , pipi, pipi pi .

    pi . , pipi 20%

    pi . -, pi 30% -. , pi - pi pi, pi- pipi 17 -, 50% -

    65

    pi (pi) () pi pi- .

    pi. pi , - pi pi pipi.

    pipi (pi.. - pi) pi -pi.

    pi pi. pi pi.

  • pi. pi 2,5 CO2 . - pi pi , - , pi , ..

    . 5% pipi pi . 20% pipi . ,, pi . - pi, , pi, pi, -.

    . , pi pi. pi . - pi pi pi . , 5% pi . , -, . ,

    pi , pipi 100 . , , - pipi 3 . - pi pi pi pi 17.000 68.000 pi -.

    . pi pi pi pi- , pipi pi . pi, pi pi , pi pi- 250 . pi pi pi pipi300 . pi 2008, - pi- pi pi pi. pi pi , pi, , -, ..

    66II.7

    pi.

    pi.

    pi- pi, pi - pi (pipi-, pipi), pi pi pi- pi .

    pi .

    pipi pi , (, ) pi pi - pi . , - , pi pi, pi, . pipi - pi, pi, pi ,pi pi pi, -, , , .. pi-, pi pi pi -pi pi .

    pi , pi , pi pi.

  • pi. pi pi pi pi - 400 !

    pi. pi pi pi 15-30% pi . pi- pi pi. -pi, pi, pi, pi- .pi. pipi, - pi .

    . pi pi pi. , pipi pipi, pi pi. pi pi pi- pi pi pi pi.

    , pi, , - pi.

    , - 10% pi.

    pi pi pi pi pi pipi, pipi pi - pi pi. pi-

    , pi pi , pi-.

    , , pi pi ( , ). , pi pi, , - .

    pipi, pi pi- pi, pi pi- . pi , pi, pi-pi , pi pi, pi. pi - , , , pi, , pi, -, , ..

    pi pi - pi pi . .

    , .. 2003. pi. -

    , pi -.

    , . 2005. pi pi. -pi-. : .

    , . 2006. pi, .pi, . 2002.

    pi. : ., . 2003. pi. : -

    , ., -, ., pi-, . &, . 2003. , ,pi .

    , . 1990. pi pi. . ... .

    , .. 1985. pi. -: pi.

    , . 1986. pi. : .Bitton, G. 1999. Wastewater microbiology. New York: Wiley-Liss.yyMiller, G. T. 1991. Environmental Science: Sustaining the Earth. Bel-

    mont, California: Wadsworth Publishing Company.

    67

    pi:

    , , , pi,pi . , pi, - pi.

    pi pi - .

    pi pi (pi..).

    pi , pi - pi.

    pi pi,pi , pi pi pi pi. pi - .

    pi pi pi pipi.

    pi - pi.

    pi ...., ...., - .

    pi pi pi .

    pi pi pi -.

    pi pi pi pi- .

    , pi, pi, , - pi, compost, natural resource, recycling,sanitary fields, waste.

    www.ecorec.gr ))( ) ))))))))www.eedsa.gr/ pi- ( )www.etra-eu.org/ (The European Tyre R atRRRRRRRRRRRececececccccce ycycycyycyycycyyyycyclililililll ngngngngg A ssssssssssssssssssssssococococcccccciaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaaiaiaaaiai ttitititttitittttionoonononoonnnn))))))

  • , , -pi pi . pi pi .

    pi pi pi , o pi -pi pipi , pi pi. pi pi, .

    pi pi pipi pi pi . , -pi ( , ..), pi pi pi pi. pi- pi , pi.

    pi : , pi, pi pi pi

    pi , , , - pi, pi pi -pi pi, pi pi pi . pi- pi (/ ), pi pi- . pi pi- pi, pi pi, , pi, , , ..

    pi - pi pi pi . pi pi , pi, pi.

    pi pi pi pi -, , pi , pi pi pi . pi pipi pi , - pi pi , pi, pi- , , - pi, ..

    pi , pipi pi pi pi -. , - pi pi , pi- pi pi pi, pi, ..

    , pi pi -. pipi pi-pi pi pi pipi pi- pi, pi.. pi pi.

    , , pipi - pi pi -

    8. pi 68II.8

  • pi - . pi, pi pi pi pipi pi pi- pi .

    , , -pi pi pipi pi, pi pi pi . pi , pipi - pi, pi pi -pi pipi - pi.

    pi pi Yellowstone ...

    1872 pi pipi pi- pi pi pipi. pi , pi pi, pi, - pi - , pi pi (pi- /pi pi, pi, - pi, , , pi- pi, .pi.).

    pipi pi pi pi, pi pi pi.

    pi, , pi pi- pi - pi , pi - pi. pi - pipi pi- pi , pi.

    pi pi pi, pi- pi pi , pi - pi pi pi .

    , pi pi pi, - pi, 1938 856/37. pi, , pi pi -, pi pi pi-, pi 4273/29, pi .

    , pi , -pi pi pi, pi , , pi - , - . -pi , pi, pi -pi .

    pi pi -pi 1650/86. pi - pi, pi pi- pi.

    pi 1650/86 pi pi- pi 5 - (pi pipi , pi, pi -

    69

    H -.

    E pi.

  • , pi pi pi, pi pi), pi- pi.

    , , pi pi - pi : ) pi 79/409 pi, pi

    pi pi pi -pi ) -pi 92/43 -pi, pi. pi - pi , Natura2000.

    pipi, , pipi pi - pi pi -! pi pi pi , pi -pi.

    pi , pi - , pi pi pi pi, pi pi, pi pi pi - .

    pi pi

    pi, pi-, pi. pi - pi, pi, - . pi , pi, - pi pi, pi pi-, . pi, , : pi pi, , pi,..

    pi pi: pi

    , pipi 14 % pi- pi pi. , pi , pi pi. pi . , , , pi- , pi pi - , pi .

    pi pi pi - pi. , pi pi pi, pi pi, pi pi - pi pi . ,

    pi pi- pipi pi. pi, pi pi . pi- pi pi pi -, pi pi pi pi . pi-

    70II.8

    X pi pi Natu-ra 2000.

    pi pi .

  • pi pi - pi pi.

    pi pi pi, pi, -

    pi pi, pi, , pi pi. - pi pi -, pi pi pi-

    . pi pi -, - pi . , , - pi pipi, pi. pi , , -, pi pi pi, -, , pi pi.

    71

    pi-, - - pipi , pi - pi - . pi pi, pi , , pi pi - , pi pipi pi pi.

    pi pi . pi pi- pi pi . : -, , . pi pi-

    . pi pi

    pi -, -. pi - pi- pi, pi.

    pi pi pi pipi pi pi- pi. Epi, - . pi pipi pi pi pi pi pi pi- .

    pi.

    : , pi-

    pi pipi 80% ( ), pi pi pi- pi , , pi- . pi pi - pi, pi - .

    pi , - , , pi pi pi - , . pi, pi pi pi , , pi pi . pi, - pipi pi .

    pi- (

    ) pi pi pi- pi . pi pi pi,

    , , , pi -

    , pi - pi. -------------------------------------pi pi pipi, pi 5555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555 55 5 5555 555 50000000000000%00%00%0%%0%0%00000000%0000000000%00%000% , ... ........... ..

    pi, pipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipipi ------ , , ------------------

    pi

  • : , pi, pi

    pi - pi pi - pi pi. pi, , - pipi pi , pi, - - pi. -, pipi pi pi pi .

    pi , pipi -: ) pi-, ) pi , ) ) pi pi . pipi - pi pi pi-. pi, pi, pi pi, -

    pi pipi -pi, pi .

    pi - pi pi, pi - pi pi 400 ., , pi pi pi pi- 17 pi. pi , , , 40% . , pipi 30%.

    , pi - pi pi - pi pi 80% pi pi, pi - pi pi -. pipi, , pi - , pi - pi pi. pi pi, pi - pi .

    72II.8

    . pi pi pi - pi. - pi pi - pi pi -

    , pipi, .. , pi, -

    pi pi, pi pi pi - , pi - -. . pipi, , pi pi pi-

    pi (pi, pi) (), pi pi- .

    , pi, pi. pi pi , -

    , pi o , pipi. pi - 70. pi, , pi pi pi , -pi .

    pi pi pi , pi pi - . pi- , pi pi pi -. , , pi- pi . pi pi pi- pi pi.

    , pipi pi pi pi pi pi- , pi , - , pi.. -.

    ( ) - pi pi pi pi pi pi pi. , -, , pi - , , pi:

    pi - pi - ,

    pi- ,

    pipi pi pi - pi pi, pi.. , ..,

    pi pi, - pi.

  • : - pi

    - pi pi pi -. pi pi pi . pi pi -pi pi. pi - pipi , pi - pi pi , pi pipi. pi , pi pi pi- pi pi pi -. pipi, -, pi - . pi, pi, pi pi . -

    pi, pi, pi - pi pi pi .

    , - , pi . pi pi , pi pi pi -, pi , pi . -pi pipi -pi pi pi-.

    pi pi pipi, -pi , pi- . pi pi- pi pi , -pi , , pi pi pi . pi, pi, pi, pi -, , .., pi pi . -, , pi- , (pi, - , ..) ( , -, ..).

    -, . 1985. , pi

    . : University Studio Press,., . 2000. .: Ac-

    cess Pre Press.pi, . 1996. pi. : .pi, . 2000. . : -Sys-

    tems International SA., . & pi, . 1995. -

    pi. : --pi.

    Alexander, D. 1993. Natural disasters. London:UCl Press.Simmons, I.G., 1989. Changing the Face of Earth: Culture, Environ-

    ment, History. Oxford: Blackwell.

    73

    , pi / pi, sustainable cities, urbanecosystems.

    www.ec.europa.eu/environment/index_el.htm (pi pi -pipi )www.minenv.gr/ (pi , --------- )

    ( pi-).

  • pi pi- pi

    pi - pi pi - , pi pi , pi, pi pi pi pi pi - pi . pi pi ,, pi pi. pi , , , pi, , pi, , pi pi pi - pi.

    pi pi , -pi pi:

    pi pi pi - .

    , pi . pi pi. pi pi pi pi pi.

    pi pi pi. , - pi pi .

    , pi, pi .

    pi pi - . pi pi pi - . . pi- / pi , pi-, pi , pi.

    pi pi , pipi pi pi pi, pi .

    Epi pi pi -pi pi. pi pipi. - , - -. , pipi pi , pi-. , pi pi pi pi , . pi pi pi pi -pi .

    pi - pi:

    . pi . pi , . pi , , .

    9. pi 74II.9

  • pi pi ,pi pi , pi , .., - pi.

    Api pi pipi.

    pi pi pi, - pi pi pi, pipi pi.

    pi pi pipi -

    pi - pi . - , pi, , - pi, pi . - , - , - pi, pi.. pi.

    , pi . pi . , pi pi pi -pi pi - . pi, pi- -. pi pi -pi pi pi - pi.

    pi pi - pi pi -pi pi (..) pi - . .. - pi. pi pipi pi - . pipi, , pi- , pi- , pi, -pi , pi -. , pi - pi pi pi.

    pi pi - pipi

    pi 1 pi - pi pi- , - . pi pi pi . pi pi pi, pi pi -pi . pi pi - 5 .

    , pi

    pi . - , , , pi - pi pi-pi. pi pi pi-, pi.

    , pipi 15% pi pi pi pi, pi-pi 15% pi -pi pipi. pi pipi-, pi -. , pi , pi-, pi, .

    . - . ,

    75

    M 330 -, 12 .

    9 21 , 0,33 .

  • pi.., pi , pi pi pi pipi. , pi - .

    pi pi, pi pi- pi pipi pi pi. pi pi,pi pi, pi pi pi-, pi.

    pi - pi pi pi -pi , pi pi pi- .

    (1992), pi pi pi- pipi pi- , . pipi pi , , - pi pi pi- . pi pi -pi pi pi.

    pi , pi - pi , pi pipi pi . pi- pi , pi-, . - pipi pi pi pi pi.

    pi pi , pi 6.5 -

    . , 2020 pi 8 60 pi 13 . pi , pi pi. pi pi-.

    pi pi . -pi, , 200 . pi pi, pi pi - pi. 2000, - pi, pi pi 47%. pi pi pi pi , pi pi-, , , -. , pi, pi., pi pi pi pi . , pi pi pi pi- pi, pi ,

    pipi. pi pi pi-, pi , pipi .

    pi pi, pi pi pi-

    pi pipi. pi pi . - pi United NationsDevelopment Programme 2003 (PNUD), pi20% pi pi 86% pi- (...). - 20% 1%.

    pipi , pi, , , pi, - pi , . pi . pi - .

    -, pi, pi.., UNESCO (pi-, pi - - ) - pi pi -, -, -, .. - UNESCO pi pi pi pi -, pi , - pi pi, pi-, pi, pi, pi pi.

    76II.9

    Xo , pi 6.9 .

  • -: , pi pi.

    pi pi-. , pi- pi pi . , - pi pi pi pi pi. -pi, pi pi pi- .

    pi pi pi pi pi, - . pi pi, pi- pi . , pi . , -pi pipi . - , pi pi . pi , - , pi . - pipi pi - pi, pi pi.

    pi , pi pi , pi . . pi, pi pi pi- - . pipi pipipi . pipi pi , pi pi.

    pi -

    pi pipi, pi -pi , pi-, pi, pipi, -

    , pi ,pi pi.

    pi, , , pi, -, , , , , ,, , pi, , pi- pi pi pi, pi, -, , .., pi pi pi . - pi - pi.

    , pi, . pi pi, , pi -pi, pi , pi, , - pi. pi pi pi -pi .

    , pi, pi pi-, pi pi. pi pi pi- pi - pi . , , , , , pi - , pi, , .., -pi pipi -.

    77

    .

    . -, , , pi, -pi.

    pi

    pi

    pi

    pi

  • pi (...) pi pi :

    pi - (10 1948).

    pi (1965).

    , pi (1966).

    pi - (1966).

    (1979).

    pipi pi -pi pi (1984).

    pi (1989).

    (1990).

    pi pi - . ,pi, , pi .pi pi pi, -pi. :

    , - .

    pi pipi.

    pi - pi - pi .

    pi , pi.

    pi pi -

    pi. , pi - , pi pi, pi pi, - , .. pi . pi , pi - . , pi pi pi, - pi, -pi . pi - pi pi pi pi .

    (, ,.pi.) , pi, pi pi. pi, - pi. - pi pi pipi pi, - . , pi pi pi . -, , pi pi- pi pi.

    pi pi, pi ,

    pi . pi , -pipi pi, pi - pi .

    pi, . pi- pi pi, , . - pi , , pi , , , , - (Internet). pi pi pi pi , pi , pi .

    pi (...) - pi, pi pi-pi pi pi pi . , , -, , , pipi pi pi. pi- pi pi ... , , pi, , pi pi, - pi.

    pi , pi,, , , pipi, , pi- pi pi-

    78II.9

  • . , pi. pi pi . pi pi- pi, -/pi, pi pi, -, , .. :pi , pi, pipi, pi , -, pi, pi , pi-, pipi pipi , , pi-. pi pi- pi pi pi.

    - pi pi pi pi. pi, , pi- pi pi pi , pi, pi pi. pi- , pi pi pi pi pi.

    , -pi, pi

    pi- pi - . pi - pi pi . , pi pipi pi, pi - . , -pi, pi pi - pi pi.

    : (). pi , - . pi (pi).

    pi , pipi ().

    pi pi pi- pi pi pi (pi).

    , - pi, pi (, pi, ).

    : pi (pi, pi),

    pi - pi - (),

    pi pi , (-, pi ).

    pi , pi, pi . 2005-2014 pi pi- pi UNESCO .

    pi, . 2002. . : Gutenberg, ., . 1996. . : -

    ., . 2007. pi .

    : . pi. pi pi . : .

    pipi, . 2004 (pi.). . -pi . : . UNESCO ... pi .

    , . 2003. pi- pi. : W.W.F. .

    pi-, . 2004. pi. - pi. : pi.

    , . 2006. pi pi . -: .

    Halstead, J. M. & Taylor, M. J. 1996 (eds.). Values in Education and E-ducation in Values. London: Falmer Press.

    PNUD. 2003. Rapport annuel 2003. L experience du dveloppementaux quatre coins du monde. Nairobi.

    UNDP. 2003. The United Nations World Water Development Report.Water for People, Water for Life.

    79

    , pi, ,pi, , pi , , , ... ( -), , ,agricultural revolution, ecotourism, European Union, genderequality, human rights, industrial revolution, internet, livingvalues, minorities, Organization of the United Nations,poverty, sustainable tourism, UNESCO (United NationsEducational Scientific and Cultural Organization).

    www.ec.europa.eu/world (European Commissionononononononnonononnonononononononononononnononoo ,, , EuEuEuEuEuEuuEuuuEuurorororororoooooooooppepeppepepepepeeppppepp anananaaaan UUUUU UU----nion in the World) www.fao.org (Food and Agriculture Organaaaaaaaaaaaaaannnnnininnninnnnnnninnniizzzzazzzazazatititiionononononononnonnnn oo o o ooo oooof fff ththththththtthhthhe ee eee ee UnUnUnUnUnUUnUUnititititittttttedededededeedeeeNations) www.un.org (Organization of the Uniteteeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeedd d dd ddddd NaNNNNaNaNaNaNNNNaNNNaN titititittiitiitiiiiooooooooonononnnnooonooooo s)s))s))s))www.undp.org/ (United Nations DeDeDeDeDeDeDeDeDeeDeDeDDeDD vvvveveev lololoooooooolooooooolooopmpmpmppmpmpmmmmmpmmpppmppmmpmpmmmmppmppmmp enenenent t t t PrPrPrPrPPrrrogogogoogogogogoggogogoggogogoogogggggggraraaaraarrrrrrrr mmmmmmmmmmmmm )e)e)e))e))e)e)www.unep.org (United Nations Envvvvivvvivivvvvivivviv rrroroorronmnmnmnmmmmmmmmmmmmmnmnmmmmmmmmmmmmmn enenennnenennenennnnnnttt t t tttttttttt PrPPrPrPPPPProgogogogogggraaaaaaammmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm e)e)e)e)e)e)e)e)e)ee)e)ee)eeeeeeeeee)eeeee)www.unesco.org (United Nations EEEEEEEdEdEdEdEdEEEEdEdEEEEEEdEEE uucucucattatttattatttioioooooooooooiooiooioioonanananananal l l l lll ScScScScScScScSSScScScScScScScSScSSScScSScSScSScScScieeieieieeientntnttntnnnnttiififiififififiiiffiffiifiiiiiffificicccicicicii a aandndndndndndddnd CCCCCCCC C CC CCCC CC CCCCCCCCCCCCuluullullulu ---tural Organization) www.unicef-irc.org (United Natioooonononononononooooonooo s s ss ChChChChChChhhChChhhhhhhilililililii dededeeddedennnnnn s ssssss FuFuFuFuFuFuuFuFuuFuFFuFuuFuFuuFuFFuundndnndnddddddddnddddddndnnnnd))))

  • 2/ / /

  • : , , pi (, , , pi,) ,

    pi , pi , pi pi pi