1

Psalm 99

(99:1)

.be agitated, quiver, quake, be excited, perturbed” under BDB 919a“ = רגז

dangle, shake” under BDB 630a. Very rare. Arb nawṭu(n) “a bag hanging“ = נוטdown”. Arb nāṭa “suspend, hang”.1

(99:2)

be high, exalted, rise”, Polel “raise, exalt” under BDB 926b. Participle or“ = רוםQal? Participle which looks the same as Qal affix 3ms for middle weak.

2העמים

(99:3)

throw, cast”, Hiphil “give thanks, laud, praise” under BDB 392a. Note“ = ידהappearance of Hiphil imperative.

Niphal “be fearful, dreadful” under BDB = ירא This is a Niphal participle of– נורא431b.

(99:4)

.love” under BDB 12b“ = אהב

be firm”, Niphal “be set up, established, fixed” under BDB 465b. Akk kānu“ = כון“be firm, right”. Akk kāna “exist, occur, be”. However note appearance of Polel form.

,be smooth“ = ישר evenness, uprightness, equity” under BDB 449b. Root“ = מישרstraight, right”.

(99:5)

1 “Septuagint σαλευθητω, perhaps Aramaic(?)”.2 “A few manuscripts, SeptuagintB*min אלהים compare 95:3, 96:4, 97:9”. So “gods”(?) instead of “peoples”?

2

under BDB (poetry and late) (רדגלים always joined with) ”stool, footstool“ = הדם213a. Root הדם = “overthrow, overturn, cast down”.

(99:6)

.answer, respond” under BDB 772b“ = ענה

Note syntax and use of participial forms.

(99:7)

.”take one’s stand, stand“ = עמד pillar, column” under BDB 765a. Root“ = עמוד

,cover; appear“ (perhaps) = ענן cloud-mass, cloud" under BDB 777b. Root" = ענןpresent oneself; intervene as an obstacle”.

.something prescribed, a statute or due” under BDB 349a“ = חק

3שמרו

(99:8)

.avenge, take vengeance”, Hitpael “avenge oneself” (rare) under BDB 667b“ = נקםArm נקם (rare). Arb naqama “take vengeance”. Akk iqqimu “vengeance, requital”.

.wantonness, deed” under BDB 760a“ = עלילה

Again note the consistent use of participial forms in this psalm.

(99:9)

3 “A few manuscripts ושמרו; propose שמעו”.