TOP VIEW: SCHOOL

science of designing and constructing buildings, bridges, and other structures to satisfy individual and communal needs

Latin architectura, from the Greek ἀρχιτέκτων – arkhitekton, from ἀρχι- "chief" and τέκτων “builder, carpenter, mason

Architecture

PHYSICAL NEEDS

EMOTIONAL NEEDS

INTELLECTUAL NEEDS

PSYCHOSOCIAL NEEDS

ST. BASIL’S CATHEDRAL, MOSCOW

FOR RECOGNITION, FOR RESPONSE, FOR SELF-

EXPRESSION

1) ARCHITECTURE OF MESOPOTAMIA

2) ARCHITECTURE OF ANCIENT EGYPT

1) AEGEAN AND ANCIENT ARCHTIECTURE

2) ETRUSCAN AND ANCIENT ROMAN

ARCHITECTURE IN THE ANCIENT WORLD

temple becomes the predominant building

Since there was no local supply of stone, mud bricks and fired bricks were the

principal building materials.

Architecture of the Sumerians

Architecture of the Assyrians

Architecture of the Neo-Babylonians

Architecture of the Persians

ARCHITECTURE OF MESOPOTAMIA

ARCHITECTURE OF THE SUMERIANS

The temple in the top of the Ziggurat represents the god-centered structure of the society and conveys dependence on God.

ARCHITECTURE OF THE ASSYRIANS

This was built above the ground level of the city to convey the idea that the King stood between the

gods and his people.

ARCHITECTURE OF THE NEO-BABYLONIANS

Ishtar-gate of BabylonOne gate of the palace – Ishtar gate, is

lined with several beasts done in brightly colored glazed bricks and dedicated to the

goddess Ishta.

ISHTAR: goddess of fertility, love, war, sex

ARCHITECTURE OF THE PERSIANS

ROYAL PALACE OF PERSEPOLIS

1) ARCHITECTURE OF THE OLD KINGDOM

Mastaba Pyramid of Zoser Pyramid of Gizeh

2) ARCHITECTURE OF THE MIDDLE KINGDOM

Rock-cut tombs at Beni-Hasan3) ARCHITECTURE OF THE NEW

KINGDOM Mortuary Temple of Hatsheput

ARCHITECTURE OF ANCIENT EGYPT

ARCHITECTURE OF THE OLD KINGDOM

MASTABA (ARABIC FOR BENCH)Mastaba expressed the Egyptian

aspiration for permanence, security and concern for after

life.

Stepped Pyramid of Zoserthis pyramid conveys the supremacy and power of the king even after

his death.

PYRAMIDS OF GIZEH

form symbolizes permanence and stability together with

transcendence

-lion body/Pharoh head            -believed that lions were great guardians (believed lions didn’t sleep)

ARCHITECTURE OF THE MIDDLE KINGDOM

A period when the attempt was made to hide the tombs from the grave-

robbers.Rock-cut tombs at Beni-

Hasan

ARCHITECTURE OF THE NEW KINGDOM

Mortuary Temple of HatsheputQueen Hatsheput wanted it to be the symbol of peace on earth.

MORTUARY TEMPLE OF RAMSES II

THE AEGEAN ARCHITECTURE

THE MYCEAN ARCHITECTURE

ANCIENT GREEK ARCHITECTURE

AEGEAN AND THE ANCIENT EMPIRE

AEGEAN ARCHITECTURE

Palace of Knossos, Cretevalues of efficient administration

and order.setting of harmonious living

MYCEAN ARCHTIECTURE

conveys security and safety, dominance, and power.

ANCIENT GREEK ARCHITECTURE

PARTHENON: muscular-like human quality of the columns.

goddess of wisdom, courage, inspiration, civilization, law and justice, just warfare, mathematics, strength, strategy, the arts, crafts, and skill

ATHENA

ETRUSCAN AND ANCIENT ROMAN

place of shelter protected by the wide overhang of its roof

ANCIENT ROMAN ARCHITECTURE

COLLOSEUM: values of order, persistence, tenacity in reaching the goal, superiority over

the barbarians