Still Photography Throwdown: Silver Halide vs. Siliconmarkfairchild.org/PDFs/PRES18.pdf0 20 40 60 80...
33
Still Photography Throwdown: Silver Halide vs. Silicon Mark D. Fairchild Munsell Color Science Laboratory Chester F. Carlson Center for Imaging Science College of Science Rochester Institute of Technology
Transcript of Still Photography Throwdown: Silver Halide vs. Siliconmarkfairchild.org/PDFs/PRES18.pdf0 20 40 60 80...
Still Photography Throwdown: Silver Halide vs. Silicon
Mark D. FairchildMunsell Color Science LaboratoryChester F. Carlson Center for Imaging ScienceCollege of ScienceRochester Institute of Technology
throwdown |ˈθrōˌdoun|noun informala performance by or competition between rappers, breakdancers, etc. : a funky hip-hop throwdown.
Question
• Do digital systems produce quality comparable to film, or are they just more convenient and flexible?
• Consumer/Prosumer Applications
Motivation
Systems
• Film (35mm, Medium Format)
• Digital (dSLR, Point & Shoot)
• A small case study, not an exhaustive evaluation.
Hasselblad 501c
• Medium Format (6x6cm)
• Carl Zeiss Planar f/2.8 80mm T* Lens
• Portra 160nc Film
Nikon D2x
• 12.4 MPixel CMOS Sensor
• 17-55mm f/2.8 ED-IF AF-S DX Zoom-Nikkor Lens
• Professional dSLR (2006)
Nikon F3
• 35 mm
• Portra 160nc
• Same Lens as D2x
• (1987)
Nikon CoolPix S220
• 10 MPixel CCD
• Point & Shoot
• Smile Detection / Blink Detection
• Noise?
• (2009)
Film Processing ?
Film Processing
• Process/Print/Scan in One Place?
• Mail Order to Hollywood Professional Lab
• 4x6 or 5x5 Optical Prints
• 5K Scans
Digital Processing
D2x
• RAW Workflow, Prints (Aperture)
S220
• JPEGs, Prints (iPhoto)
Scenes
Psychophysics
• Rank Order (4 Systems, 5 Scenes)
• Overall Image Quality
• Sharpness
• Color
Projected
• 19 Observers
• Self-Recorded Responses
• High-Quality Projector / Seminar Room
Instructions
There are four images (A, B, C, D) on each screen. Please rank order them from best to worst along each attribute and record your response on the answer sheet.
First rank overall picture quality, then color quality, then sharpness.
A B
C D
Prints
• Same 19 Observers
• Same Task
• D65 Print Room
• Experimenter Recorded Responses
Online
• Amazon Mechanical Turk
• 167 Observers (on average)
• Paid $0.01 Per Response
• Best, 2nd Best, Worst
• Overall Quality Only
Results
0
20
40
60
80
100
1 2 3 4
Per
cent
in R
ank
Rank
Hasselblad 120Nikon D2xNikon F3 135Nikon CP S220
0
20
40
60
80
100
1 2 3 4
Per
cent
in R
ank
Rank
Hasselblad 120Nikon D2xNikon F3 135Nikon CP S220
0
20
40
60
80
100
1 2 3 4
Per
cent
in R
ank
Rank
Hasselblad 120Nikon D2xNikon F3 135Nikon CP S220
Projected Images: Average
Across Images
Overall
Color
Sharpness
0
20
40
60
80
100
1 2 3 4
Per
cent
in R
ank
Rank
Hasselblad 120Nikon D2xNikon F3 135Nikon CP S220
0
20
40
60
80
100
1 2 3 4
Per
cent
in R
ank
Rank
Hasselblad 120Nikon D2xNikon F3 135Nikon CP S220
0
20
40
60
80
100
1 2 3 4
Per
cent
in R
ank
Rank
Hasselblad 120Nikon D2xNikon F3 135Nikon CP S220
Printed Images: Average
Across Images
Overall
Color
Sharpness
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1 2 3 4
Per
cent
in R
ank
Rank
Hasselblad 120Nikon D2xNikon F3 135Nikon CP S220
Online Images: Average
Across Images
IQ Metrics
• Slanted-Edge SFR
• MITRE IQM
Slant-Edge SFR
0
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0
Hasselblad - Portra 160NC
SFR
Frequency (cy/mm)
0
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0
Nikon Coolpix S220
SFR
Frequency (cy/mm)
0
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0
Nikon F3 - Portra 160NC
SFR
Frequency (cy/mm)
0
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0
Nikon D2x
SFR
Frequency (cy/mm)
MITRE IQM
• CSF-Weighted Power Spectrum
• Well Correlated to Visual Quality Judgements
• Remote Sensing Applications
0
0.63
1.25
1.88
2.50
Slant Edge Resolution Chart Flowers Shadow Cow Tojo Garden Average
3.0
+ lo
g(M
itre
IQM
)
Image Content
Hasselblad 120 Nikon D2xNikon F3 135 Nikon CP S200
Summary
• D2x wins 4/5 Assessments
• F3/Film (Same Lens) wins 5th (Prints)
• S220 Could Use Fewer Pixels / Less Processing
6 MPixels...
Only Film ...
Actually dSLR!
Thank You ...
• cemetery @ night
![3. The F Test for Comparing Reduced vs. Full Models · Now back to determining the distribution of F = y0(P X P X 0)y=[rank(X) rank(X 0)] y0(I P X)y=[n rank(X)]: An important first](https://static.fdocument.org/doc/165x107/5ae459447f8b9a7b218e4bb3/3-the-f-test-for-comparing-reduced-vs-full-models-back-to-determining-the-distribution.jpg)
