Lecture Outline – Chapter 9: Free Convection (June 6)

9.1 Introduction - Physical considerations, buoyancy, particle motion (Brownian motion??) - Temperature dependence of density in a quiescent fluid

9.2 Governing Equations for Laminar Boundary Layers - Mass Conversation equation – inclusion of Body Factor X (weight of the fluid = -ρg) -Volumetric Thermal Expansion Coefficient β -Boussinesq approximation

9.3 Similarity Considerations - Dimensionless variables, reference velocity , Reynold’s number and Grashof number - Conditions for free and/or forced convection

9.4. Laminar Free Convection on a Vertical Surface - Ostrach similarity solution and correlations

9.5 Effect of Turbulence

9.6 Empirical Considerations: External Free Convection flows - Correlations for Isothermal, vertical plate, laminar and turbulent flow - Correlations for constant heat flux (isoflux)

9.7 Free Convection within parallel plate channels - Vertical channels (θ=0) and Inclined channels (θ>0)

9.8 Empirical Considerations (Enclosures) - Rectangular Cavities - Concentric cylinders, concentric spheres

Chapter 12: Radiation Processes and Properties

12.2 Fundamentals and Radiation Heat fluxes- Emissive power E, Irradiation G and Radiosity J- Opaque surface- Net radiative flux J-G

12.3 Radiation Intensity - Solid angle - Radiation Intensity and its relation to Emission, Irradiation and Radiosity (opaque surface)

12.4 Black-body Radiation - Plank distribution, -Wien’s displacement law -Band emission, diffuse emitter

12.5 Emission from Real Surfaces

12.6 Absorption, Reflection and Transmission by Real Surfaces