Logic Circuits II - Department of Physics ::...
Transcript of Logic Circuits II - Department of Physics ::...
Physics116B, 2/6/06
D. Pellett
Logic Circuits II
Outline
• Emitter-Coupled Logic (ECL) example from Bobrow, Ch. 7
• Commercial ECL specifications and some applications
• Short pulses and transmission lines - quick overview
• Using ECL to drive transmission lines
• ECL and NIM logic
• Logic family comparisons
• Interconnections, “dos and don’ts”
• More recent developments
Emitter Coupled Logic (ECL)
• ECL circuits are fast (1 ns delays typical) because they avoid saturation
• Can drive low impedance loads such as 50 Ω coaxial cables
• May have complimentary outputs to drive pairs of lines differentially (strip lines, twisted pairs, etc.)
• Because BJTs remain in active region, power dissipation significantly higher than TTL, low packing density on chip
• Circuit based on differential amplifier with non-inverting input connected to reference voltage, one BJT cut off and the other in active region
• Supply voltage and logic levels typically <0.
• Emitter follower outputs
• May have “open emitter” output
Basic ECL Inverter Concept
• Design so Q1 active, Q2 off when Vin high,
• opposite w/ Vin low
• Determine logic levels next
Differential Amplifier
InvertingInput
Non-InvertingInput
NOTE: Circuit based on Fig. 7.43 in BobrowCommercial circuits differ in Vref, VEE and BJT VBE(active) so actual ECL levels are different.
(Vref)
(VEE)
-1.7 V
≈ 0 V-0.7 V
Low
ActiveOff
< -1.2 V
• Assume Vin low so Q1 off and Q2 in active region
• VBE2 = 0.7 V so VE = -1.7 V
• Since Q1 off, VC1 ≈ 0 V, so V0 = -0.7 V (high logic state). Note Q3 is in active region with VBE3 = 0.7 V and VC = 0 V: VCE3 = 0.7 V (> 0.2 V)
• Voltage drop across R1 is negligible: IE3 = (5-0.7)V/1.2 kΩ = 3.6 mA → IB3 ≈ 36 µA, IB3 R1 = 10 mV.
Find Output V in High State
(VB1 < VE + 0.5 V)
High
Find Low State Output Voltage
-0.7 VHigh
Active Off
-1.4 V
Low
• Assume Vin high and Q1 in active region
• VBE1 = 0.7 V so VE = -1.4 V. → VBE2 = 0.4 V so Q2 off
• IE = IE1 = (-1.4 -(-5))V/1.2 kΩ = 3.0 mA
• VC1 = VB3 ≈ -(3.0 mA)(275 Ω) = -0.82 V → VO = -1.52 V (low state output voltage, < -1.2 so low OK at input)
-0.82 V-1.52 V
Make into OR/NOR
• Adding Q0 in parallel with Q1 produces a NOR function at Q3 emitter.
• Adding an emitter follower connected to collector of Q2 produces the complement of the function, an OR.
Actual MECL 10K ECL OR/NOR
• BJT VBE = 0.8 - 0.9 V for active region, VBB = -1.35 V, VEE = -5.2 V
• Logic levels are -0.9 V and -1.75 V (nominal)
• Note open emitter outputs
Fourth EditionAuthor: William R. Blood, Jr.
HB205/DRev. 1A, May–1988
MECL System
Design Handbook
! SCILLC, 2000
Previous Edition !1980, 1988
“All Right Reserved”
Date of this Printing: Aug–2000
MC10H102
http://onsemi.com2
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol Characteristic Rating Unit
VEE Power Supply (VCC = 0) –8.0 to 0 Vdc
VI Input Voltage (VCC = 0) 0 to VEE Vdc
Iout Output Current– Continuous
– Surge
50
100
mA
TA Operating Temperature Range 0 to +75 °C
Tstg Storage Temperature Range – Plastic
– Ceramic
–55 to +150
–55 to +165
°C
°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VEE = –5.2 V ±5%) (See Note 1.)
0° 25° 75°
Symbol Characteristic Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit
IE Power Supply Current – 29 – 26 – 29 mA
IinH Input Current High – 425 – 265 – 265 µA
IinL Input Current Low 0.5 – 0.5 – 0.3 – µA
VOH High Output Voltage –1.02 –0.84 –0.98 –0.81 –0.92 –0.735 Vdc
VOL Low Output Voltage –1.95 –1.63 –1.95 –1.63 –1.95 –1.60 Vdc
VIH High Input Voltage –1.17 –0.84 –1.13 –0.81 –1.07 –0.735 Vdc
VIL Low Input Voltage –1.95 –1.48 –1.95 –1.48 –1.95 –1.45 Vdc
AC PARAMETERS
tpd Propagation Delay 0.4 1.25 0.4 1.25 0.4 1.4 ns
tr Rise Time 0.5 1.5 0.5 1.6 0.55 1.7 ns
tf Fall Time 0.5 1.5 0.5 1.6 0.55 1.7 ns
1. Each MECL 10H series circuit has been designed to meet the dc specifications shown in the test table, after thermal equilibrium has been
established. The circuit is in a test socket or mounted on a printed circuit board and transverse air flow greater than 500 Iinear fpm is
maintained. Outputs are terminated through a 50–ohm resistor to –2.0 volts.
From MECL Handbook, 4th ed.
Quad 2-Input NOR
! Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2000
March, 2000 – Rev. 61 Publication Order Number:
MC10H102/D
The MC10H102 is a quad 2–input NOR gate. The MC10H102
provides one gate with OR/NOR outputs. This MECL 10H part is a
functional/pinout duplication of the standard MECL 10K family part,
with 100% improvement in propagation delay, and no increases in
power– supply current.
• Propagation Delay, 1.0 ns Typical
• Power Dissipation 25 mW/Gate (same as MECL 10K)
• Improved Noise Margin 150 mV (Over Operating Voltage and
Temperature Range)
• Voltage Compensated
• MECL 10K–Compatible
LOGIC DIAGRAM
DIP
PIN ASSIGNMENT
VCC1
AOUT
BOUT
AIN
AIN
BIN
BIN
VEE
VCC2
DOUT
COUT
DIN
DIN
CIN
CIN
DOUT
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
VCC1 = PIN 1VCC2 = PIN 16VEE = PIN 8
14
13
12
11
10
37
6
25
4
159
Pin assignment is for Dual–in–Line Package.
For PLCC pin assignment, see the Pin Conversion Tables on page 18
of the ON Semiconductor MECL Data Book (DL122/D).
http://onsemi.com
Device Package Shipping
ORDERING INFORMATION
MC10H102L CDIP–16 25 Units/Rail
MC10H102P PDIP–16 25 Units/Rail
MC10H102FN PLCC–20 46 Units/Rail
MARKING
DIAGRAMS
1
16
A = Assembly Location
WL = Wafer Lot
YY = Year
WW = Work Week
CDIP–16
L SUFFIX
CASE 620
MC10H102LAWLYYWW
PDIP–16
P SUFFIX
CASE 648
PLCC–20
FN SUFFIX
CASE 775
10H102
AWLYYWW
1
1
16
MC10H102PAWLYYWW
! Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2000
March, 2000 – Rev. 61 Publication Order Number:
MC10H102/D
The MC10H102 is a quad 2–input NOR gate. The MC10H102
provides one gate with OR/NOR outputs. This MECL 10H part is a
functional/pinout duplication of the standard MECL 10K family part,
with 100% improvement in propagation delay, and no increases in
power– supply current.
• Propagation Delay, 1.0 ns Typical
• Power Dissipation 25 mW/Gate (same as MECL 10K)
• Improved Noise Margin 150 mV (Over Operating Voltage and
Temperature Range)
• Voltage Compensated
• MECL 10K–Compatible
LOGIC DIAGRAM
DIP
PIN ASSIGNMENT
VCC1
AOUT
BOUT
AIN
AIN
BIN
BIN
VEE
VCC2
DOUT
COUT
DIN
DIN
CIN
CIN
DOUT
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
VCC1 = PIN 1VCC2 = PIN 16VEE = PIN 8
14
13
12
11
10
37
6
25
4
159
Pin assignment is for Dual–in–Line Package.
For PLCC pin assignment, see the Pin Conversion Tables on page 18
of the ON Semiconductor MECL Data Book (DL122/D).
http://onsemi.com
Device Package Shipping
ORDERING INFORMATION
MC10H102L CDIP–16 25 Units/Rail
MC10H102P PDIP–16 25 Units/Rail
MC10H102FN PLCC–20 46 Units/Rail
MARKING
DIAGRAMS
1
16
A = Assembly Location
WL = Wafer Lot
YY = Year
WW = Work Week
CDIP–16
L SUFFIX
CASE 620
MC10H102LAWLYYWW
PDIP–16
P SUFFIX
CASE 648
PLCC–20
FN SUFFIX
CASE 775
10H102
AWLYYWW
1
1
16
MC10H102PAWLYYWW
MECL NOR Specifications
! Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2000
March, 2000 – Rev. 61 Publication Order Number:
MC10H102/D
The MC10H102 is a quad 2–input NOR gate. The MC10H102
provides one gate with OR/NOR outputs. This MECL 10H part is a
functional/pinout duplication of the standard MECL 10K family part,
with 100% improvement in propagation delay, and no increases in
power– supply current.
• Propagation Delay, 1.0 ns Typical
• Power Dissipation 25 mW/Gate (same as MECL 10K)
• Improved Noise Margin 150 mV (Over Operating Voltage and
Temperature Range)
• Voltage Compensated
• MECL 10K–Compatible
LOGIC DIAGRAM
DIP
PIN ASSIGNMENT
VCC1
AOUT
BOUT
AIN
AIN
BIN
BIN
VEE
VCC2
DOUT
COUT
DIN
DIN
CIN
CIN
DOUT
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
VCC1 = PIN 1VCC2 = PIN 16VEE = PIN 8
14
13
12
11
10
37
6
25
4
159
Pin assignment is for Dual–in–Line Package.
For PLCC pin assignment, see the Pin Conversion Tables on page 18
of the ON Semiconductor MECL Data Book (DL122/D).
http://onsemi.com
Device Package Shipping
ORDERING INFORMATION
MC10H102L CDIP–16 25 Units/Rail
MC10H102P PDIP–16 25 Units/Rail
MC10H102FN PLCC–20 46 Units/Rail
MARKING
DIAGRAMS
1
16
A = Assembly Location
WL = Wafer Lot
YY = Year
WW = Work Week
CDIP–16
L SUFFIX
CASE 620
MC10H102LAWLYYWW
PDIP–16
P SUFFIX
CASE 648
PLCC–20
FN SUFFIX
CASE 775
10H102
AWLYYWW
1
1
16
MC10H102PAWLYYWW
MC10H102
http://onsemi.com2
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol Characteristic Rating Unit
VEE Power Supply (VCC = 0) –8.0 to 0 Vdc
VI Input Voltage (VCC = 0) 0 to VEE Vdc
Iout Output Current– Continuous
– Surge
50
100
mA
TA Operating Temperature Range 0 to +75 °C
Tstg Storage Temperature Range – Plastic
– Ceramic
–55 to +150
–55 to +165
°C
°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VEE = –5.2 V ±5%) (See Note 1.)
0° 25° 75°
Symbol Characteristic Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit
IE Power Supply Current – 29 – 26 – 29 mA
IinH Input Current High – 425 – 265 – 265 µA
IinL Input Current Low 0.5 – 0.5 – 0.3 – µA
VOH High Output Voltage –1.02 –0.84 –0.98 –0.81 –0.92 –0.735 Vdc
VOL Low Output Voltage –1.95 –1.63 –1.95 –1.63 –1.95 –1.60 Vdc
VIH High Input Voltage –1.17 –0.84 –1.13 –0.81 –1.07 –0.735 Vdc
VIL Low Input Voltage –1.95 –1.48 –1.95 –1.48 –1.95 –1.45 Vdc
AC PARAMETERS
tpd Propagation Delay 0.4 1.25 0.4 1.25 0.4 1.4 ns
tr Rise Time 0.5 1.5 0.5 1.6 0.55 1.7 ns
tf Fall Time 0.5 1.5 0.5 1.6 0.55 1.7 ns
1. Each MECL 10H series circuit has been designed to meet the dc specifications shown in the test table, after thermal equilibrium has been
established. The circuit is in a test socket or mounted on a printed circuit board and transverse air flow greater than 500 Iinear fpm is
maintained. Outputs are terminated through a 50–ohm resistor to –2.0 volts.
Pulses and Transmission Lines
Transmission Line Circuit Model(Ideal, lossless)
Typical Characteristic Impedance Values Other Transmission Line Advantages
Lots of Useful Information on Fast Pulse Techniques in MECL Handbook
Fourth EditionAuthor: William R. Blood, Jr.
HB205/DRev. 1A, May–1988
MECL System
Design Handbook
! SCILLC, 2000
Previous Edition !1980, 1988
“All Right Reserved”
Date of this Printing: Aug–2000
MC10H102
http://onsemi.com2
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol Characteristic Rating Unit
VEE Power Supply (VCC = 0) –8.0 to 0 Vdc
VI Input Voltage (VCC = 0) 0 to VEE Vdc
Iout Output Current– Continuous
– Surge
50
100
mA
TA Operating Temperature Range 0 to +75 °C
Tstg Storage Temperature Range – Plastic
– Ceramic
–55 to +150
–55 to +165
°C
°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VEE = –5.2 V ±5%) (See Note 1.)
0° 25° 75°
Symbol Characteristic Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit
IE Power Supply Current – 29 – 26 – 29 mA
IinH Input Current High – 425 – 265 – 265 µA
IinL Input Current Low 0.5 – 0.5 – 0.3 – µA
VOH High Output Voltage –1.02 –0.84 –0.98 –0.81 –0.92 –0.735 Vdc
VOL Low Output Voltage –1.95 –1.63 –1.95 –1.63 –1.95 –1.60 Vdc
VIH High Input Voltage –1.17 –0.84 –1.13 –0.81 –1.07 –0.735 Vdc
VIL Low Input Voltage –1.95 –1.48 –1.95 –1.48 –1.95 –1.45 Vdc
AC PARAMETERS
tpd Propagation Delay 0.4 1.25 0.4 1.25 0.4 1.4 ns
tr Rise Time 0.5 1.5 0.5 1.6 0.55 1.7 ns
tf Fall Time 0.5 1.5 0.5 1.6 0.55 1.7 ns
1. Each MECL 10H series circuit has been designed to meet the dc specifications shown in the test table, after thermal equilibrium has been
established. The circuit is in a test socket or mounted on a printed circuit board and transverse air flow greater than 500 Iinear fpm is
maintained. Outputs are terminated through a 50–ohm resistor to –2.0 volts.
From MECL Handbook, 4th ed.
• Web link to download MECL Handbook (pdf):
http://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/HB205-D.PDF
Pulse Response on “Open Wire”
Fourth EditionAuthor: William R. Blood, Jr.
HB205/DRev. 1A, May–1988
MECL System
Design Handbook
! SCILLC, 2000
Previous Edition !1980, 1988
“All Right Reserved”
Date of this Printing: Aug–2000
MC10H102
http://onsemi.com2
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol Characteristic Rating Unit
VEE Power Supply (VCC = 0) –8.0 to 0 Vdc
VI Input Voltage (VCC = 0) 0 to VEE Vdc
Iout Output Current– Continuous
– Surge
50
100
mA
TA Operating Temperature Range 0 to +75 °C
Tstg Storage Temperature Range – Plastic
– Ceramic
–55 to +150
–55 to +165
°C
°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VEE = –5.2 V ±5%) (See Note 1.)
0° 25° 75°
Symbol Characteristic Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit
IE Power Supply Current – 29 – 26 – 29 mA
IinH Input Current High – 425 – 265 – 265 µA
IinL Input Current Low 0.5 – 0.5 – 0.3 – µA
VOH High Output Voltage –1.02 –0.84 –0.98 –0.81 –0.92 –0.735 Vdc
VOL Low Output Voltage –1.95 –1.63 –1.95 –1.63 –1.95 –1.60 Vdc
VIH High Input Voltage –1.17 –0.84 –1.13 –0.81 –1.07 –0.735 Vdc
VIL Low Input Voltage –1.95 –1.48 –1.95 –1.48 –1.95 –1.45 Vdc
AC PARAMETERS
tpd Propagation Delay 0.4 1.25 0.4 1.25 0.4 1.4 ns
tr Rise Time 0.5 1.5 0.5 1.6 0.55 1.7 ns
tf Fall Time 0.5 1.5 0.5 1.6 0.55 1.7 ns
1. Each MECL 10H series circuit has been designed to meet the dc specifications shown in the test table, after thermal equilibrium has been
established. The circuit is in a test socket or mounted on a printed circuit board and transverse air flow greater than 500 Iinear fpm is
maintained. Outputs are terminated through a 50–ohm resistor to –2.0 volts.
From MECL Handbook, 4th ed.
ECL Driving 50 Ω Coaxial Cable
Fourth EditionAuthor: William R. Blood, Jr.
HB205/DRev. 1A, May–1988
MECL System
Design Handbook
! SCILLC, 2000
Previous Edition !1980, 1988
“All Right Reserved”
Date of this Printing: Aug–2000
MC10H102
http://onsemi.com2
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol Characteristic Rating Unit
VEE Power Supply (VCC = 0) –8.0 to 0 Vdc
VI Input Voltage (VCC = 0) 0 to VEE Vdc
Iout Output Current– Continuous
– Surge
50
100
mA
TA Operating Temperature Range 0 to +75 °C
Tstg Storage Temperature Range – Plastic
– Ceramic
–55 to +150
–55 to +165
°C
°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VEE = –5.2 V ±5%) (See Note 1.)
0° 25° 75°
Symbol Characteristic Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit
IE Power Supply Current – 29 – 26 – 29 mA
IinH Input Current High – 425 – 265 – 265 µA
IinL Input Current Low 0.5 – 0.5 – 0.3 – µA
VOH High Output Voltage –1.02 –0.84 –0.98 –0.81 –0.92 –0.735 Vdc
VOL Low Output Voltage –1.95 –1.63 –1.95 –1.63 –1.95 –1.60 Vdc
VIH High Input Voltage –1.17 –0.84 –1.13 –0.81 –1.07 –0.735 Vdc
VIL Low Input Voltage –1.95 –1.48 –1.95 –1.48 –1.95 –1.45 Vdc
AC PARAMETERS
tpd Propagation Delay 0.4 1.25 0.4 1.25 0.4 1.4 ns
tr Rise Time 0.5 1.5 0.5 1.6 0.55 1.7 ns
tf Fall Time 0.5 1.5 0.5 1.6 0.55 1.7 ns
1. Each MECL 10H series circuit has been designed to meet the dc specifications shown in the test table, after thermal equilibrium has been
established. The circuit is in a test socket or mounted on a printed circuit board and transverse air flow greater than 500 Iinear fpm is
maintained. Outputs are terminated through a 50–ohm resistor to –2.0 volts.
From MECL Handbook, 4th ed. Much Better!
ECL Differential Line Driver and Receiver
Fourth EditionAuthor: William R. Blood, Jr.
HB205/DRev. 1A, May–1988
MECL System
Design Handbook
! SCILLC, 2000
Previous Edition !1980, 1988
“All Right Reserved”
Date of this Printing: Aug–2000
MC10H102
http://onsemi.com2
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol Characteristic Rating Unit
VEE Power Supply (VCC = 0) –8.0 to 0 Vdc
VI Input Voltage (VCC = 0) 0 to VEE Vdc
Iout Output Current– Continuous
– Surge
50
100
mA
TA Operating Temperature Range 0 to +75 °C
Tstg Storage Temperature Range – Plastic
– Ceramic
–55 to +150
–55 to +165
°C
°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VEE = –5.2 V ±5%) (See Note 1.)
0° 25° 75°
Symbol Characteristic Min Max Min Max Min Max Unit
IE Power Supply Current – 29 – 26 – 29 mA
IinH Input Current High – 425 – 265 – 265 µA
IinL Input Current Low 0.5 – 0.5 – 0.3 – µA
VOH High Output Voltage –1.02 –0.84 –0.98 –0.81 –0.92 –0.735 Vdc
VOL Low Output Voltage –1.95 –1.63 –1.95 –1.63 –1.95 –1.60 Vdc
VIH High Input Voltage –1.17 –0.84 –1.13 –0.81 –1.07 –0.735 Vdc
VIL Low Input Voltage –1.95 –1.48 –1.95 –1.48 –1.95 –1.45 Vdc
AC PARAMETERS
tpd Propagation Delay 0.4 1.25 0.4 1.25 0.4 1.4 ns
tr Rise Time 0.5 1.5 0.5 1.6 0.55 1.7 ns
tf Fall Time 0.5 1.5 0.5 1.6 0.55 1.7 ns
1. Each MECL 10H series circuit has been designed to meet the dc specifications shown in the test table, after thermal equilibrium has been
established. The circuit is in a test socket or mounted on a printed circuit board and transverse air flow greater than 500 Iinear fpm is
maintained. Outputs are terminated through a 50–ohm resistor to –2.0 volts.
From MECL Handbook, 4th ed.
NIM Electronics
• ECL can be made to interoperate directly with NIM logic levels with suitable choice of offset ECL power supply voltages
AN INTRODUCTION TO NIM (From Fermilab web site)
The NIM standard (DOE/ER-0457), originally an acronym for Nuclear Instrumentation Methods, was established in 1964 for the nuclear and high energy physics communities. The goal of NIM was to promote a system that allows for interchangeability of modules. Even today experimenters use NIM modules to assemble a system which meets the specific requirements of their experiment.
Standard NIM modules are required to have a height of 8.75", and must have a width which is a multiple of 1.35". Modules with a width of 1.35" are referred to as single width modules and modules with a width of 2.7" are double width modules, etc. The NIM crate, or NIM bin, is designed for mounting in EIA 19" racks, providing slots for 12 single-width modules. The power supply, which is in general, detachable from the NIM bin, is required to deliver voltages of +6 V, -6 V, +12 V, -12 V, +24 V, and -24 V. The standard NIM power connectors and pinouts are shown the Bin Connector Diagram, Module Connector Diagram and Pin/Function Table. The LeCroy NIM bin and power supply, Model 1403, adhere to all NIM specifications.
The NIM standard also specifies three sets of logic levels. In fast-negative logic, usually referred to as NIM logic, logic levels are defined by current ranges. Since the standard also requires 50 W input/out impedances, these current ranges correspond to voltages of 0 V and -0.8 V for logic 0 and 1 respectively. Fast-negative logic circuitry can provide NIM signal with rise times of order 1 nsec. Slow-positive logic, is rarely used in fast-pulse electronics due to the slow rise times involved, and is not implemented in LeCroy modules. Specifications for ECL (emitter-coupled logic) voltage levels and interconnections have been added to the NIM standard at the request of LeCroy. The logic levels, header sizes, cable terminations, etc., is specified in the standard. The TTL logic system may be used in NIM modules, but is not specified in the NIM standard. LeCroy provides the Model 688AL and the Model 4616 for NIM/TTL and ECL/NIM/ECL level translations. LeCroy also provides the Model 4501A adaptor, which allows a NIM modules to be used in a CAMAC crate.
(From http://www-esd.fnal.gov/esd/catalog/intro/intronim.htm)
• Collecting data from high energy proton-antiproton collisions. But not all chips are microchips in this experiment (see foreground).
• Note NIM electronics bin in rack near back corner
Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) Control Room – Lots of fast pulses!
Some CDF Control Room Electronics
• NIM Bin
• Some of the other bins are CAMAC bins
• Much custom electronics in use elsewhere in experiment, some “standard” (e.g. VME), some not
• Similar equipment is also in use in the Physics122 lab next door in Roessler
Logic Family Comparisons
• See Tables 12.5 and 12.6 in Bobrow, Tables 9.1 and 9.2 in Horowitz and Hill
• Important families: TTL, STTL, LSTTL, CMOS, HC, HCT, ECL
• Important parameters: pulse delay, power per gate, logic level ranges, supply voltages, fanout
• Incompatibilities of CMOS and HC with TTL high output
• See also later slides from the Texas Instruments Logic Selection Guide (2005)
Some Precautions
• TTL –
• Inputs normally float “high” but if you desire high state connect to VCC for noise immunity
• Bypass VCC to ground frequently near or at the chips with 0.01 µF – 0.1 µF capacitors to prevent glitches due to switching spikes on the supply lines.
• CMOS –
• Note that TTL outputs are not high enough for normal CMOS inputs in high state – can remedy with pull-up resistor to VCC.
• Connect all CMOS inputs to definite logic levels. Otherwise input can float to a voltage where pMOS and nMOS FETs are conducting leading to short between VSS and VDD.
Recent Logic Families
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CONTACTS/INFORMATION
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