∏ ™Àªμ√À§∂ÀΔπ∫∏ æÀÃ√§√°π∞ ™Δ∏¡ ∂§§∞¢∞™∏ª∂ƒ∞

ª·Ú›· ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘∂ıÓÈÎfi Î·È ∫·Ô‰ÈÛÙÚÈ·Îfi ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ

¶ÂÚ›ÏË„Ë: ΔÔ ¿ÚıÚÔ ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿˙ÂÈ ÙÔ Â›Â‰Ô ÛÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô ‚Ú›ÛÎÂÙ·È Ë Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘-¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· Î·È ÙȘ ÌÂÏÏÔÓÙÈΤ˜ Ù˘ ηÙ¢ı‡ÓÛÂȘ. ∂ȉÈÎfiÙÂÚ·, Ë ÂÚÁ·-Û›· ‚·Û›˙ÂÙ·È Û ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË SWOT ÂÛÙÈ¿˙ÔÓÙ·˜ Û ı¤Ì·Ù· fiˆ˜ Ë Ù·˘ÙfiÙËÙ· Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘-Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·, Ù· ‰˘Ó·Ù¿ Î·È Ù· ·‰‡Ó·Ù· ÛËÌ›· Ù˘, ÔÈ Â˘Î·Èڛ˜ÁÈ· ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË, ÔÈ ÛÙfi¯ÔÈ Î·È ÛÙÚ·ÙËÁÈΤ˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÚÔ·ÁˆÁ‹ Ù˘. •ÂÎÈÓÒÓÙ·˜ ·fi ÌÈ· Û‡-ÓÙÔÌË ÈÛÙÔÚÈ΋ ·Ó·‰ÚÔÌ‹ ÛÙËÓ ÂͤÏÈÍË Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, ÙÔ ¿ÚıÚÔ ÚÔ-¯ˆÚ¿ ÛÙËÓ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛË ÙˆÓ ‰˘Ó·ÙÒÓ Ù˘ ÛËÌ›ˆÓ, Ô˘ ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó ÙËÓ Ù·¯Â›· ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍËÙ˘ ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈ΋˜ Ù˘ ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈfiÙËÙ·˜ Î·È ÙÔ ·˘Í·ÓfiÌÂÓÔ ·›ÙËÌ· ÁÈ·ÂÍÂȉÈÎÂ˘Ì¤ÓË ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î‹ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË Î·È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈΤ˜ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜. Δ· ·‰‡Ó·Ù· ÛË-Ì›· Ù˘ ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó ÙË ¯·ÌËÏ‹ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛË Ô˘ ¤¯ÂÈ ˆ˜ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜ Âȉ›Î¢Û˘ Ù˘ „˘-¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, Û˘ÁÎÚÈÙÈο Ì ÙËÓ ÎÏÈÓÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·, fiˆ˜ ›Û˘ Î·È ÙËÓ ¤ÏÏÂÈ„Ë ÌÈ·˜ ÍÂο-ı·Ú˘ ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ Ù·˘ÙfiÙËÙ·˜. √È Â˘Î·Èڛ˜ ÂÈÎÂÓÙÚÒÓÔÓÙ·È Á‡Úˆ ·fi ÙË ‰˘Ó·Ùfi-ÙËÙ· Ô˘ ÚÔÛʤÚÔ˘Ó Ù· ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ÛÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Ô˘ÌfiÏȘ ÍÂΛÓËÛ·Ó Ó· ÚÔÂÙÔÈÌ¿ÛÔ˘Ó Â·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ Ì ÚÔÛfiÓÙ·, ηıÒ˜ Î·È Á‡Úˆ ·fi Ùˉ˘Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ· Ó· ÂÓۈ̷وıÔ‡Ó ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, fi¯È ÌfiÓÔ Û ÊÔÚ›˜„˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È Û ¿ÏÏÔ˘˜ ÔÚÁ·ÓÈÛÌÔ‡˜ Âη›‰Â˘Û˘ Î·È ··Û¯fiÏËÛ˘. Δ¤ÙÔÈ-Ô˘ ›‰Ô˘˜ ‚‹Ì·Ù· ı· ·ÔÛ·ÊËÓ›ÛÔ˘Ó Î·È ÛÙÔ Â˘Ú‡ ÎÔÈÓfi ÙÈ Â›Ó·È ·ÎÚÈ‚Ò˜ Ë Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢-ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·, Î·È ı· Û˘ÓÙÂϤÛÔ˘Ó ÛÙËÓ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛË Î·È ·Ô‰Ô¯‹ Ù˘ ˆ˜ ͯˆÚÈÛÙ‹˜Âȉ›Î¢Û˘ Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. ªÈ· ·fi ÙȘ ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚ˜ ·ÂÈϤ˜ ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÚÔÎÏ‹ÛÂȘ Ô˘·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›˙ÂÈ Ë Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ¤¯ÂÈ Ó· οÓÂÈ Ì fiÏÔ˘˜ ÂΛÓÔ˘˜ÙÔ˘˜ ·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜, ÔÈ ÔÔ›ÔÈ, ¯ˆÚ›˜ Ó· ‰È·ı¤ÙÔ˘Ó Ù· ηٿÏÏËÏ· ÚÔÛfiÓÙ· ‹ ÌÈ· ·Ú΋·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋ ÂÌÂÈÚ›·, ·˘ÙÔÚÔÛ‰ÈÔÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·È ˆ˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ ¯ˆÚ›˜ Ó·˘Ê›ÛÙ·ÓÙ·È Î·Ì›· ·ڈÛË.

§¤ÍÂȘ ÎÏÂȉȿ: ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·, SWOT ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË.

¢È‡ı˘ÓÛË: ª·Ú›· ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘, ΔÌ‹Ì· ∂η›‰Â˘Û˘ Î·È ∞ÁˆÁ‹˜ ÛÙËÓ ¶ÚÔÛ¯ÔÏÈ΋∏ÏÈΛ·, ∂ıÓÈÎfi Î·È ∫·Ô‰ÈÛÙÚÈ·Îfi ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ, ¡·˘·Ú›ÓÔ˘ 13·, 106 80 ∞ı‹Ó·.ΔËÏ.: 210-3688533. E-mail: mmalik@ecd.uoa.gr

Hellenic Journal of Psychology, Vol. 8 (2011), pp. 266-288

∂π™∞°ø°∏

∏ ·ÚÔ‡Û· ÂÚÁ·Û›· ÂÛÙÈ¿˙ÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ Ù·˘ÙfiÙËÙ· Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·, ÛÙ· ‰˘Ó·Ù¿ Î·È ·‰‡Ó·Ù· ÛËÌ›· Ù˘, ÛÙȘ ¢ηÈڛ˜ Ô˘ Ù˘ ·ÚÔ˘-ÛÈ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È ÁÈ· ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË, ηıÒ˜ Î·È Û ÛÙfi¯Ô˘˜ Ô˘ ÚÔˆı› Î·È ÛÙÚ·ÙËÁÈΤ˜ Ô˘Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ·ÎÔÏÔ˘ı‹ÛÂÈ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÚfiÔ‰fi Ù˘ Ù· ÂÂÚ¯fiÌÂÓ· ¯ÚfiÓÈ·. μ·Û›˙ÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË SWOT (Strengths = ¢˘Ó¿ÌÂȘ, Weaknesses = ∞‰˘Ó·Ì›Â˜, Opportunities= ∂˘Î·Èڛ˜, Threats = ∞ÂÈϤ˜). ∏ ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË ·˘Ù‹ ÂÍÂÙ¿˙ÂÈ ÙȘ ÂÛˆÙÂÚÈΤ˜ ‰˘Ó¿-ÌÂȘ Î·È ·‰˘Ó·Ì›Â˜ ηıÒ˜ Î·È ÙȘ Â͈ÙÂÚÈΤ˜ ¢ηÈڛ˜ Î·È ·ÂÈϤ˜ Ô˘ ·ÓÙÈÌÂ-Ùˆ›˙ÂÈ ¤Ó·˜ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi˜ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜. ∂›Ó·È ¤Ó· ·fi Ù· ÈÔ ÁÓˆÛÙ¿ ÂÚÁ·Ï›· ÂÈ-¯ÂÈÚËÛȷ΋˜ ·Ó¿Ï˘Û˘. ∂ȉÈÎfiÙÂÚ·, Ë ÂÚÁ·Û›· ÛÙËÚ›˙ÂÙ·È ÛÙÔ ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ· Ô˘ ·-ÚÔ˘Û›·Û·Ó ÙÔÓ π·ÓÔ˘¿ÚÈÔ ÙÔ˘ 2007 ·Ó·Ï˘Ù¤˜ ·fi 12 ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈΤ˜ ¯ÒÚ˜ ÛÙÔ ÂÈ-‰ÈÎfi Ù‡¯Ô˜ ÙÔ˘ ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎÔ‡ Applied Psychology: An International Review (ÙfiÌÔ˜ 56),Ì ÂÈÌÂÏËÙ¤˜ ¤Î‰ÔÛ˘ ÙÔ˘˜ Frederick T. L. Leong Î·È Mark L. Savickas.

√ÚÈÛÌfi˜

√ fiÚÔ˜ “Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋” ÚÔ¤Ú¯ÂÙ·È ÂÙ˘ÌÔÏÔÁÈο ·fi ÙËÓ ÚfiıÂÛË Û˘Ó (ÌÂ, Ì·-˙›) Î·È ÙÔ Ô˘ÛÈ·ÛÙÈÎfi ‚Ô˘Ï‹ (ÛΤ„Ë, ·fiÊ·ÛË) ‹ ÙÔ Ú‹Ì· ‚Ô˘Ï‡ÔÌ·È (ÛΤÊÙÔÌ·È,οӈ Û¯¤‰È· ‹ ·ÔÊ·Û›˙ˆ ÌÂÙ¿ ·fi Û‡ÛÎÂ„Ë Ì οÔÈÔ ¿ÏÏÔ ÚfiÛˆÔ, ‰ËÏ·‰‹Û˘ÛΤÙÔÌ·È) (ª·ÌÈÓÈÒÙ˘, 2002). ∂›Ó·È ¤Ó·˜ fiÚÔ˜ Ô˘ ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÂ›Ù·È ÁÈ· Ó·ÂÚÈÁÚ¿„ÂÈ ÔÔÈ·‰‹ÔÙ ‰È·‰Èηۛ· ηٿ ÙËÓ ÔÔ›· ¤Ó· ¿ÙÔÌÔ ‚ÔËıÈ¤Ù·È Ì¤Û· ·fiÙË Û˘˙‹ÙËÛË Ó· ÍÂηı·Ú›ÛÂÈ ÛΤ„ÂȘ Î·È Û˘Ó·ÈÛı‹Ì·Ù·, Ó· ÍÂÂÚ¿ÛÂÈ ‰˘ÛÎÔϛ˜,Î·È Ó· Ì¿ıÂÈ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ· ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ Â·˘Ùfi ÙÔ˘.

∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ·ÔÙÂÏ› ÙËÓ Âȉ›Î¢ÛË Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, Ë ÔÔ›·‰È¢ÎÔχÓÂÈ ÙË ‰È¿ ‚›Ô˘ ÚÔÛˆÈ΋ Î·È ‰È·ÚÔÛˆÈ΋ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÈÎfiÙËÙ·, ÂÛÙÈ¿˙Ô-ÓÙ·˜ ÛÂ Û˘Ó·ÈÛıËÌ·ÙÈΤ˜, ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈΤ˜, ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈΤ˜, ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈΤ˜, ·Ó·Ù˘ÍÈ·-Τ˜ ·ÓËÛ˘¯›Â˜, ηıÒ˜ Î·È ·ÓËÛ˘¯›Â˜ Ô˘ Û˘Ó‰¤ÔÓÙ·È Ì ÙËÓ ˘Á›· Î·È ÙËÓ ÔÚÁ·-ÓˆÙÈ΋ Û˘ÌÂÚÈÊÔÚ¿ (ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘, 2007). £ÂˆÚÂ›Ù·È fiÙÈ ÚÔˆı› ÙË ı¤-ÛÈÛË ÚÔÛˆÈÎÒÓ ÛÙfi¯ˆÓ Î·È ÚÔÛʤÚÂÈ ıÂÙÈο ÌÔÓ٤Ϸ Ì ‚¿ÛË Ù· ÔÔ›· ÌÔ-Ú› ηÓ›˜ Ó· ÂÓ‰˘Ó·ÌÒÛÂÈ Ù· ÚÔÙÂÚ‹Ì·Ù¿ ÙÔ˘ Î·È Ó· ‰ÒÛÂÈ ÛÙÔÓ Â·˘Ùfi ÙÔ˘ ÙË ‰˘-Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ· ÁÈ· ‚¤ÏÙÈÛÙË ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÈÎfiÙËÙ· Î·È ÔÈfiÙËÙ· ˙ˆ‹˜. μÔËı¿ÂÈ ·ÓıÚÒÔ˘˜ Ô˘‰ÂÓ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÛÔ‚·Ú‹ „˘¯È΋ ‰È·Ù·Ú·¯‹, ÂÚÓÔ‡Ó fï˜ ÌÈ· ‰‡ÛÎÔÏË ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ‹ ·ÓÙÈ-ÌÂÙˆ›˙Ô˘Ó ¤Ó· Úfi‚ÏËÌ· Ô˘ ‰ÂÓ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· χÛÔ˘Ó ÌfiÓÔÈ. °ÂÓÈÎfiÙÂÚ·, Ë ÂÓ·-Û¯fiÏËÛË Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Ì ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ¿ÙÔÓÙ·È ÙˆÓ ·ÏÏËÏÂ-ȉڿÛÂˆÓ ÙÔ˘ ·ÙfiÌÔ˘ Ì ÙÔ ÂÚÈ‚¿ÏÏÔÓ ÙÔ˘ ‰È¢ڇÓÂÈ Ù· Ï·›ÛÈ· ̤۷ ÛÙ· ÔÔ›·ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÛı›.

∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Â›Ó·È Ë Âȉ›Î¢ÛË Ù˘ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Ì ÙÔ ÌÂÁ·Ï‡-

∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 267

ÙÂÚÔ Â‡ÚÔ˜ ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÒÓ ÂÓ·Û¯ÔÏ‹ÛˆÓ. ∂ÎÙfi˜ ·fi ÙÔ ÂχıÂÚÔ Â¿ÁÁÂÏÌ·,ÔÈ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ ÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È Û ·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌȷο ȉڇ̷ٷ, ÛÂ Û˘Ì-‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ, Û ۯÔÏ›· Î·È ¿ÏÏÔ˘˜ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ ¯ÒÚÔ˘˜, Û ÓÔ-ÛÔÎÔÌ›· Î·È È‰ÈˆÙÈΤ˜ ÎÏÈÓÈΤ˜, Û ΤÓÙÚ· „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜, Û ÎÔÈÓÔÙÈο Ï·›ÛÈ·,Û ‰È¿ÊÔÚ˜ ÎÚ·ÙÈΤ˜ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜, Û ÂȯÂÈÚ‹ÛÂȘ Î·È Û ÔÏϤ˜ ¿ÏϘ ı¤ÛÂȘ.

πÛÙÔÚÈ΋ ÂͤÏÈÍË

∏ ÊÈÏÔÛÔÊÈ΋ ηٷÁˆÁ‹ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ·Ó¿ÁÂÙ·È ÛÙË ™ˆÎÚ·ÙÈ-΋ ‰È·ÏÂÎÙÈ΋ ̤ıÔ‰Ô Û˘˙‹ÙËÛ˘, ‰Â‰Ô̤ÓÔ˘ fiÙÈ Ô ™ˆÎÚ¿Ù˘ ‹Ù·Ó Ô ÊÈÏfiÛÔÊÔ˜ Ô˘ÁÈ· ÚÒÙË ÊÔÚ¿ ÂÛÙ›·Û ÙË ÊÈÏÔÛÔÊÈ΋ ·Ó·˙‹ÙËÛË ÛÙËÓ ÂͤٷÛË Î·È ÁÓÒÛË ÙԢ·˘ÙÔ‡ Î·È ‹Ù·Ó Ô ÚÒÙÔ˜ ˘ÔÛÙËÚÈÎÙ‹˜ ÌÈ·˜ ÚÔÛˆÔÎÂÓÙÚÈ΋˜ ıÂÒÚËÛ˘ ÁÈ· ÙÔÓÎfiÛÌÔ. Δ· ÚËÙ¿ Ô˘ ·Ô‰›‰ÔÓÙ·È ÛÙÔ ™ˆÎÚ¿ÙË fiˆ˜ “ÁÓÒıÈ Û·˘ÙfiÓ”, “Ô ‰’ ·ÓÂ-ͤٷÛÙÔ˜ ‚›Ô˜ Ô˘ ‚ȈÙfi˜ ·ÓıÚÒˆ”, “¤ÍˆıÂÓ ‰Â fiÛ· ¤¯ˆ, ÙÔȘ ÂÓÙfi˜ Â›Ó·È ÌÔÈ Ê›-ÏÈ·” (Î·È fiÛ· Â͈ÙÂÚÈο ¤¯ˆ ·Á·ı¿ ·˜ Â›Ó·È ·ÚÌÔÓÈο Ì ٷ ÂÛˆÙÂÚÈο ÌÔ˘) (¶Ï¿-ÙˆÓ, º·›‰ÚÔ˜, 279 ‚, 2000), ÂËÚ¤·Û·Ó ÙË Û‡Á¯ÚÔÓË ÛΤ„Ë Î·È Â›Ó·È ·Ó·fiÛ·ÛÙ·ÛÙÔȯ›· ÙÔ˘ ˘Ú‹Ó· Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. ΔÔ Ì‹Ó˘Ì· ÚÔ˜ ÙÔ˘˜ Ô·-‰Ô‡˜ ÙÔ˘ Ó· ÊÚÔÓÙ›˙Ô˘Ó ÙËÓ „˘¯‹ Î·È Ó· “‚Ï¤Ô˘Ó” fi,ÙÈ Î·Ïfi ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ Ì¤Û· ÙÔ˘˜,Ì·˙› Ì ÙËÓ ÚfiÛÎÏËÛË ÁÈ· ·˘ÙÔÂͤٷÛË Î·È ·˘ÙÔ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË, ‰ÈηȈ̷ÙÈο ÙÔÓ Î·-ٷٿÛÛÂÈ ˆ˜ ̤ÏÔ˜ Ù˘ ÎÔÈÓfiÙËÙ·˜ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜.

∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, ˆ˜ ÂÍÂȉÈÎÂ˘Ì¤ÓË ˘ËÚÂÛ›· Ô˘ ÚÔÛʤÚÂÙ·È ·fi ÂηÈ-‰Â˘Ì¤ÓÔ˘˜ ·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ ¤Ú·Ó ÙˆÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ, ÂÌÊ·Ó›ÛÙËΠۯÂÙÈο ÚfiÛÊ·Ù·ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·. ∏ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ·Ú·‰ÔÛȷο ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚ›˙ÂÙ·È ˆ˜ ¤Ó·˜ ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌfi˜ Û˘Ï-ÏÔÁÈÎfiÙËÙ·˜ (Nezlek, Kafetsios, & Smith, 2008. Triandis, 1994), fiÔ˘ Ë ÔÈÎÔÁ¤ÓÂÈ·,ÔÈ ÊÈϛ˜ Î·È ¿ÏÏÔ˘ ›‰Ô˘˜ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈΤ˜ Û¯¤ÛÂȘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó Ôχ ÌÂÁ¿ÏË ·Í›·. Àfi ·˘ÙfiÙÔ Ú›ÛÌ·, Ë Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ·Ú·‰ÔÛȷο ‹Ù·Ó ÂÓۈ̷و̤ÓË ÛÙÔ Û‡ÓıÂÙÔ Û‡-ÛÙËÌ· ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢ Ô˘ ÚÔÛʤÚÔ˘Ó ÔÈ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈΤ˜ Û¯¤ÛÂȘ. ¶·ÚfiÙÈ ÔÚÈṲ̂Ó˜ Ù˘-¯¤˜ Ù˘ ·ÛÙÈ΋˜ ÔÈÎÔÁÂÓÂȷ΋˜ ˙ˆ‹˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÚfiÛÊ·Ù· ÌÂÙ·Ùڷ› ·fiÛ˘ÏÏÔÁÈΤ˜ Û ·ÙÔÌÈÎÈÛÙÈΤ˜ (Georgas,1989. Mylonas, Gari, Giotsa, Pavlopoulos, &Panagiotopoulou, 2006), Ë ·Ú·‰ÔÛȷ΋ ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· ·Ú·Ì¤ÓÂÈ ÂÚÈÛÛfi-ÙÂÚÔ Û˘ÏÏÔÁÈ΋ Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ÙËÓ ·ÙÔÌÈÎÈÛÙÈ΋ ·Ú¿‰ÔÛË ÙˆÓ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚˆÓ ‰˘ÙÈÎÒÓ¯ˆÚÒÓ, ·fi fiÔ˘ Î·È Í‹‰ËÛÂ Ë ÂȉÈÎfiÙËÙ· Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. ∂›-Ó·È ÂÔ̤ӈ˜ ·Ó·ÌÂÓfiÌÂÓÔ ÙÔ ÁÂÁÔÓfi˜ fiÙÈ ÔÈ ŒÏÏËÓ˜ ·ÎfiÌË ·Â˘ı‡ÓÔÓÙ·È Î·Ù¿Î‡ÚÈÔ ÏfiÁÔ Û ÁÔÓ›˜ Î·È ·‰¤ÚÊÈ·, ηıÒ˜ Î·È Û ÛÙÂÓÔ‡˜ Ê›ÏÔ˘˜, fiÙ·Ó ¯ÚÂÈ¿˙Ô-ÓÙ·È Î¿ÔÈÔÓ Ó· Û˘˙ËÙ‹ÛÔ˘Ó ¤Ó· Úfi‚ÏËÌ· Î·È Ó· ·Ó·˙ËÙ‹ÛÔ˘Ó Ï‡ÛÂȘ (Kalantzi-Azizi & Malikiosi-Loizos,1994. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘, 2000. Malikiosi-Loizos &Christodoulidi, 2008). ∂ÓÙÔ‡ÙÔȘ, Â›Ó·È Â›Û˘ ·Ï‹ıÂÈ· fiÙÈ ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ Ì›· ·˘Í·ÓfiÌÂ-ÓË Ù¿ÛË ÁÈ· ·Ó·˙‹ÙËÛË Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ‚Ô‹ıÂÈ·˜ ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ηÙÔ›-

268 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

ÎÔ˘˜ ÙˆÓ ÌÂÁ¿ÏˆÓ ·ÛÙÈÎÒÓ Î¤ÓÙÚˆÓ, Ì›· Ù¿ÛË Ô˘ ÛÈÁ¿ ÛÈÁ¿ ÂÂÎÙ›ÓÂÙ·È Î·È ÛÙȘ¿ÏϘ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜ Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜ (‚Ï. Î·È ¶··ÛÙ˘ÏÈ·ÓÔ‡, ∞ÏÂÍÔÔ‡ÏÔ˘, ¢Ô˘Ï¿ÌË, Δ·-ÌÔ‡ÚË, & ΔÛfiÏË, 2009). ¶·Ú·ÙËÚÂ›Ù·È ÂÔ̤ӈ˜ ÌÈ· ·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘ ·Ó·˙‹ÙËÛ˘ ÁÈ·„˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, ÁÂÁÔÓfi˜ Ô˘ ηıÈÛÙ¿ ¤ÓÙÔÓË ÙËÓ ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· ÂÚÈÛ-ÛfiÙÂÚÔ˘˜ ·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ ÛÙÔ ¯ÒÚÔ ·˘Ùfi.

√ fiÚÔ˜ “Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋” ÚˆÙÔÂÌÊ·Ó›ÛÙËΠÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ÙË ‰ÂηÂÙ›· ÙÔ˘ 1950.∏ ·Ú¯È΋ ÂÌÊ¿ÓÈÛË ÙÔ˘ fiÚÔ˘ ÚԤ΢„ fiÙ·Ó Ù· ÀÔ˘ÚÁ›· ∂ÚÁ·Û›·˜ Î·È ¶·È‰Â›-·˜ ÂÈÛ‹Á·Á·Ó ÙÔÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜. ™˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ӷ, ÙÔ1953, ÙÔ ÀÔ˘ÚÁÂ›Ô ¶·È‰Â›·˜ ÂÈÛ‹Á·Á ÙÔÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi ÛÙËÓηٿÚÙÈÛË ÙˆÓ ÌÂÏÏÔÓÙÈÎÒÓ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎÒÓ. ΔËÓ ›‰È· ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ÙÔ ÀÔ˘ÚÁÂ›Ô ∂ÚÁ·-Û›·˜, ̤ۈ ÙÔ˘ √∞∂¢, ÍÂΛÓËÛ ÙË ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ÂÍÂȉÈÎÂ˘Ì¤ÓˆÓ ÁÚ·Ê›ˆÓ (°Ú·Ê›·∂˘Ú¤Ûˆ˜ ∂ÚÁ·Û›·˜, °∂∂), Ù· ÔÔ›· ·Ú›¯·Ó ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ÚÔ-Û·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ Ì ¤ÌÊ·ÛË ÛÙ· ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓÙ· Î·È ÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙ·‰ÈÔ‰ÚÔÌ›·˜Û ¿ÓÂÚÁÔ˘˜ Ó¤Ô˘˜ (∫·ÏÔÁ‹ÚÔ˘, 1986). ΔÔ 1954 ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ‹ıËΠÛÙÔÓ √∞∂¢ ÂȉÈ-΋ Û¯ÔÏ‹ Ì ÛÎÔfi Ó· Âηȉ‡ÛÂÈ ÙÔ˘˜ ÚÒÙÔ˘˜ ŒÏÏËÓ˜ ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ Û˘Ì-‚Ô‡ÏÔ˘˜. ∏ Û¯ÔÏ‹ ÂΛÓË ÏÂÈÙÔ‡ÚÁËÛ ÌfiÓÔ ÁÈ· ‰‡Ô ¤ÙË Î·È Î·Ù¿ÚÙÈÛ ÙÔ˘˜ ÚÒ-ÙÔ˘˜ ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô‡ÏÔ˘˜ Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜ Ì·˜, Ô˘ ÛÙÂϤ¯ˆÛ·Ó Ù· ÁÚ·Ê›· ‡-ÚÂÛ˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ ÙÔ˘ √∞∂¢.

∞ÚÎÂÙ¿ ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ·ÚÁfiÙÂÚ·, ÙÔ 1976, ÂÈÛ‹¯ıË Î·È Ô ıÂÛÌfi˜ ÙÔ˘ ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ (™∂¶) ÛÙËÓ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË (¢ËÌËÙÚfiÔ˘ÏÔ˜, 1994. ∫·ÏÔÁ‹ÚÔ˘,1986. ∫·ÛÛˆÙ¿Î˘ & ºˆÙÈ¿‰Ô˘ - ∑·¯·Ú›Ô˘, 2002). ΔÔ 1993 ¿Ú¯ÈÛ ӷ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›ÛÙÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Îfi ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· Âȉ›Î¢Û˘ Ì ٛÙÏÔ “™˘Ì-‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi˜ ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi˜”, ÂÓÒ ÙÔ 1998 ÙÔ Δ.∂.π. ∞ıËÓÒÓÍÂΛÓËÛ ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· Âȉ›Î¢Û˘ ÛÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÙÔÓ ∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi ¶ÚÔ-Û·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi.

√ fiÚÔ˜ “Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·” ÂÌÊ·Ó›ÛÙËΠÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ÌfiÏȘ ÙÔ 1980,fiÙ·Ó ÔÈ ÚÒÙÔÈ ŒÏÏËÓ˜ ‰È‰¿ÎÙÔÚ˜ ÛÙËÓ Âȉ›Î¢ÛË ·˘Ù‹ ¤ÛÙÚ„·Ó ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· ÌÂ-Ù¿ ÙËÓ ÔÏÔÎÏ‹ÚˆÛË ÙˆÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙȘ ∏.¶.∞.∂ÓÂÚÁÔÔÈ‹ıËÎ·Ó ÚÔ˜ ÙËÓ Î·Ù‡ı˘ÓÛË Ó· οÓÔ˘Ó ÁÓˆÛÙ‹ ÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘-¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ·ÙÚ›‰· ÙÔ˘˜ Î·È ¤ÁÈÓ·Ó ÔÈ ÚˆÙÔfiÚÔÈ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ÙÔÌ›˜ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢-ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·. ª¿ÏÈÛÙ· ¤ÁÚ·„·Ó Î·È Ù·ÚÒÙ· ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚ο ÂÁ¯ÂÈÚ›‰È· ÛÙ· ÂÏÏËÓÈο (¢ËÌËÙÚfiÔ˘ÏÔ˜, 1992. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘, 1993). ∏ ¤Î‰ÔÛË ·˘ÙÒÓ ÙˆÓ ‚È‚Ï›ˆÓ ‚Ô‹ıËÛ ӷ ÔÚÈÔıÂÙËı› Î·È Ó· ·Ô-Û·ÊËÓÈÛÙ› Ë ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ˆ˜ ȉȷ›ÙÂÚÔ˜ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi˜ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜.

™Ù· Ù¤ÏË Ù˘ ‰ÂηÂÙ›·˜ ÙÔ˘ 1980 ¿Ú¯ÈÛ·Ó, ›Û˘, Ó· ÚÔÛʤÚÔÓÙ·È ÁÈ· ÚÒÙËÊÔÚ¿ Ì·ı‹Ì·Ù· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Û ÚÔÙ˘¯È·Îfi ›‰Ô, Û ΔÌ‹Ì·-Ù· æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Î·È ¶·È‰·ÁˆÁÈÎÒÓ. ΔËÓ ›‰È· ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô, ȉڇÔÓÙ·È Î·È ÔÈ ÚÒÙ˜ ·Á-ÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈΤ˜ Î·È ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈΤ˜ ÂÙ·ÈÚ›˜. ∞fi ÙȘ ·Ú¯¤˜ Ù˘ ‰ÂηÂÙ›·˜ ÙÔ˘ 1990 ¿Ú-

∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 269

¯ÈÛ·Ó Ó· ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È Î·È È‰ÈˆÙÈÎÔ› ÊÔÚ›˜ ÛÙÔ ¯ÒÚÔ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ηÈÙ˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. Δ¤ÏÔ˜, ‰È¿ÊÔÚ· ΤÓÙÚ· ÂÏ¢ı¤ÚˆÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ, Û˘-ÓÂÚÁ·˙fiÌÂÓ· Ì ·ÁÁÏfiʈӷ ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ· ÙÔ˘ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎÔ‡, ÂÈÛ‹Á·Á·Ó ÚÔÁÚ¿Ì-Ì·Ù· ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ Î·È Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ ηٿÚÙÈÛ˘ ÛÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘-Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Î·È ¯ÔÚËÁÔ‡Û·Ó ‰ÈÏÒÌ·Ù· Î·È ÈÛÙÔÔÈËÙÈο ·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛ˘.

∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈΤ˜ Î·È ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈΤ˜ ÂÙ·ÈÚ›˜

∏ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ (www.elesyp.gr) ȉڇ-ıËΠÙÔ 1985 Î·È ·fi ÙfiÙ ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈÔÔÈÂ›Ù·È ÂÓÂÚÁ¿ ÛÙËÓ ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ· ÁÈ· ‚ÂÏÙ›ˆ-ÛË Î·È ‰È‡ڢÓÛË ÙÔ˘ ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ Î·È Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Ùfi-ÛÔ ÛÙ· Û¯ÔÏ›· fiÛÔ Î·È ÛÙËÓ Â˘Ú‡ÙÂÚË ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·. ∞ÚÈıÌ› Û‹ÌÂÚ· ÂÚ›Ô˘1050 ̤ÏË, ÔÚÁ·ÓÒÓÂÈ Û˘Ó¤‰ÚÈ· Î·È ËÌÂÚ›‰Â˜, Î·È ·fi ÙÔ 1986 ÂΉ›‰ÂÈ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfiÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎfi Ì ÙÔÓ Ù›ÙÏÔ ∂ÈıÂÒÚËÛË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡.

∞fi ÙÔ 2000 ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÔÓÙ·È ·ÎfiÌË ‰‡Ô Û‡ÏÏÔÁÔÈ ÛÙÔ ¯ÒÚÔ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜Î·È ÙÔ˘ ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡: (·) Ô ¶·ÓÂÏÏ‹ÓÈÔ˜ ™‡ÏÏÔÁÔ˜ §ÂÈÙÔ˘Ú-ÁÒÓ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡, ¤Ó·˜ ÌË ÎÂÚ‰ÔÛÎÔÈÎfi˜ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi˜Î·È ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi˜ Û‡ÏÏÔÁÔ˜ Ô˘ ȉڇıËΠ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ·ÔÊÔ›ÙÔ˘˜ Ù˘ ∞™¶∞πΔ∂(∞ÓÒÙ·ÙË ™¯ÔÏ‹ ¶·È‰·ÁˆÁÈ΋˜ Î·È Δ¯ÓÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ∂η›‰Â˘Û˘), Ô ÔÔ›Ô˜ ÂΉ›‰ÂÈÎ·È ÙÚÈÌËÓÈ·›Ô ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎfi Ì ٛÙÏÔ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi˜, Î·È (‚) Ô™‡ÏÏÔÁÔ˜ ∂ÏÏ‹ÓˆÓ ™˘Ì‚Ô‡ÏˆÓ ∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡.

ΔÔ 1994 ȉڇıËÎÂ Ë ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ (www.hac.com.gr), ̤-ÏÔ˜ Ù˘ ∂˘Úˆ·˚΋˜ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜, Ë ÔÔ›· Û‹ÌÂÚ· ·ÚÈıÌ› ÂÚ›Ô˘150 ̤ÏË, Ù· ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ· ·fi Ù· ÔÔ›· ÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È È‰ÈˆÙÈο ‹/Î·È ‰È‰¿ÛÎÔ˘Ó ÛÂȉȈÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ. ™Â Û˘ÓÂÚÁ·Û›· Ì ÙËÓ ∂˘Úˆ·˚΋ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘-Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ÔÚÁ·ÓÒÓÔ˘Ó ‰ÈÂıÓ‹ Û˘Ó¤‰ÚÈ· Î·È ¿ÏϘ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈΤ˜ ÂΉËÏÒÛÂȘ ÌÂÂÎÏÂÎÙÔ‡˜ ÚÔÛÎÂÎÏË̤ÓÔ˘˜ ·fi ÙÔÓ ÂÏÏËÓÈÎfi Î·È ‰ÈÂıÓ‹ ¯ÒÚÔ.

∏ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›· (∂§.æ.∂.) (www.elpse.gr) ȉڇıËΠÙÔ 1991,ˆ˜ ÙÔ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi ÛÒÌ· Ù˘ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·. ∂›Ó·È ÌÈ· ·ÓÂÏÏ‹ÓÈ· ÂÈ-ÛÙËÌÔÓÈ΋ ÂÙ·ÈÚ›· Ì ‚·ÛÈÎÔ‡˜ ÛÙfi¯Ô˘˜: (·) ÙËÓ ÚÔ·ÁˆÁ‹ Ù˘ ¤Ú¢ӷ˜ Î·È Ù˘ ‰È-‰·Ûηϛ·˜ Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, (‚) ÙË ‰È·Ù‹ÚËÛË Î·È ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË Ù˘ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈ΋˜ ÂÈ-ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·˜ ÌÂٷ͇ ÙˆÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ Ô˘ ‰È‰¿ÛÎÔ˘Ó Î·È Î·ÏÏÈÂÚÁÔ‡Ó ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈο ÙËÓ„˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·, (Á) ÙËÓ ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË Ù˘ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈ΋˜ ÚÔfi‰Ô˘ ÙˆÓ ÌÂÏÒÓ Ù˘ Î·È Ùˉȿ‰ÔÛË Ù˘ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈ΋˜ ÁÓÒÛ˘ Î·È ÂÌÂÈÚ›·˜ ÛÙÔ Â˘Ú‡ ÎÔÈÓfi, Î·È (‰) ÙËÓ ÚÔ-·ÁˆÁ‹ Ù˘ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜. °È· Ó· Á›ÓÂÈ Î·Ó›˜ Ù·ÎÙÈÎfi ̤ÏÔ˜ ··ÈÙÂ›Ù·È Ó· ¤¯Âȉȉ·ÎÙÔÚÈÎfi ‰›ÏˆÌ·. ¶Ù˘¯ÈÔ‡¯ÔÈ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Ô˘ Â›Ó·È ˘Ô„‹ÊÈÔÈ ‰È‰¿ÎÙÔÚ˜ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ÂÁÁÚ·ÊÔ‡Ó ˆ˜ ¤ÎÙ·ÎÙ· ̤ÏË. Δ· ̤ÏË Ù˘ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜ Â›Ó·È Û‹ÌÂÚ· Â-Ú›Ô˘ 550 Î·È ·˘Í¿ÓÔÓÙ·È Û˘Ó¯Ҙ. ∂Ù¿ ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ÌÂÙ¿ ÙËÓ ›‰Ú˘Û‹ Ù˘ Ë ∂§.æ.∂. ‰Ë-

270 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

ÌÈÔ‡ÚÁËÛ ÁÈ· ÚÒÙË ÊÔÚ¿ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˘˜. ™’ ·˘ÙÔ‡˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ÚÒÙÔ˘˜ 10 ÎÏ¿‰Ô˘˜ ‹Ù·Ó ηÈÔ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜.

√ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Ù˘ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ∂Ù·È-Ú›·˜ (www.counselingpsychology.gr) ¤¯ÂÈ ÂÚ›Ô˘ 50 ̤ÏË Î·È Ù· ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· 11 ¯Úfi-ÓÈ· ¤¯ÂÈ ‰È·‰Ú·Ì·Ù›ÛÂÈ Ôχ ÂÓÂÚÁfi ÚfiÏÔ ÛÙËÓ ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË Î·È Â‰Ú·›ˆÛË Ù˘ ı¤Û˘Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·. Œ¯ÂÈ ÔÚÁ·ÓÒÛÂÈ Û˘Ó¤‰ÚÈ·, ÛÂÌÈÓ¿-ÚÈ· Î·È ÂÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈ· Û ‰È¿ÊÔÚ˜ fiÏÂȘ Ù˘ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·˜ ÚÔÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘ Ó· ¢·ÈÛıËÙÔ-ÔÈ‹ÛÂÈ ÙfiÛÔ ÙÔ Â˘Ú‡ ÎÔÈÓfi, fiÛÔ Î·È ÙÔ˘˜ ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜ ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÙÔ˘˜ ÂȉÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘¯È-΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ ·Ó·ÊÔÚÈο Ì ÙȘ ÔÈΛϘ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ¤˜ Ù˘. ª¤¯ÚÈ Û‹ÌÂÚ·, ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÔÚ-Á·Óˆı› ÙÚ›· ·ÓÂÏÏ‹ÓÈ· Û˘Ó¤‰ÚÈ· Ì Ôχ ÌÂÁ¿ÏË ÂÈÙ˘¯›·: (·) ÙÔ ÚÒÙÔ Â›¯Âˆ˜ ı¤Ì· ÙȘ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ¤˜ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙÔ Á˘Ó·ÈÎÂ›Ô ÏËı˘ÛÌfi,(‚) ÙÔ ‰Â‡ÙÂÚÔ ÙȘ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ¤˜ Ù˘ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ¿Ó‰Ú˜ Î·È (Á) ÙÔ ÙÚ›ÙÔ, Î·È ÈÔ ÚfiÛÊ·-ÙÔ, Ô˘ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔÈ‹ıËΠÙÔ 2010, ›¯Â ˆ˜ ı¤Ì· “™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·:∂Ê·ÚÌÔÁ¤˜ Î·È ¶ÚÔÎÏ‹ÛÂȘ”. ∂ÈϤÔÓ, Ô ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜ ¤¯ÂÈ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔÈ‹ÛÂÈ ÛÂÌÈÓ¿-ÚÈ· Û ı¤Ì·Ù· fiˆ˜, ‰ÂÍÈfiÙËÙ˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜, ÂÓÛ˘Ó·›ÛıËÛË, Û¯ÔÏÈÎfi˜ ÂÎÊÔ-‚ÈÛÌfi˜- ı˘Ì·ÙÔÔ›ËÛË, ÔÏ˘ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈ΋ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, ηıÒ˜ Î·È ÛÙËÓ ·ÊËÁË-Ì·ÙÈ΋ ÚÔÛ¤ÁÁÈÛË ÛÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÙËÓ „˘¯ÔıÂڷ›·. √È Û˘ÓÙÔÓÈÛÙ¤˜ ÙÔ˘ÎÏ¿‰Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÂÈÌÂÏËı› ÙÚ›· ÂȉÈο Ù‡¯Ë ÛÙÔ ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎfi æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·, ÙÔ Â›ÛËÌÔÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎfi Ù˘ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜ (ÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô Â›Ó·È Î·Ù·¯ˆÚË̤ÓÔ Î·ÈÛÙÔ psychINFO ). ΔÔ ÙÚ›ÙÔ Î·È ÈÔ ÚfiÛÊ·ÙÔ Ù‡¯Ô˜, Ô˘ ÂΉfiıËΠÛÙȘ ·Ú¯¤˜ ÙÔ˘2008, ›¯Â ˆ˜ ı¤Ì· ÙËÓ “¶ÔÏ˘ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈ΋ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·: £ÂˆÚ›· ηÈ∂Ê·ÚÌÔÁ‹” (ÂÈÌ. ¤Î‰ÔÛ˘ ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘ & ¶··ÛÙ˘ÏÈ·ÓÔ‡). Δ¤ÏÔ˜, ÔÈ Û˘-ÓÙÔÓÈÛÙ¤˜ ÙÔ˘ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÂÈÌÂÏËı› ‰‡Ô Û˘ÏÏÔÁÈÎÔ‡˜ ÙfiÌÔ˘˜: ¤Ó· ÙÔ 2006 Ì ٛÙ-ÏÔ “∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙȘ °˘Ó·›Î˜” (ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘, ™È‰ËÚÔÔ‡-ÏÔ˘-¢Ë̷οÎÔ˘, & ∫ÏÂÊÙ¿Ú·˜, 2006) Î·È ¤Ó· ‰Â‡ÙÂÚÔ ÙÔ 2009 Ì ٛÙÏÔ “∏ ™˘Ì-‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙÔ˘˜ ÕÓ‰Ú˜” (ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘ & ¶··ÛÙ˘ÏÈ·ÓÔ‡,2009) Î·È ÔÈ ‰‡Ô ÙˆÓ ÂΉfiÛÂˆÓ ∂ÏÏËÓÈο °Ú¿ÌÌ·Ù·.

∏ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙ· ÂÏÏËÓÈο ∞.∂.π.

∏ ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ‡·ÚÍË Î·È ·ÚÔ¯‹ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ÛÙ· ÂÏÏËÓÈο∞ÓÒٷٷ ∂Î·È‰Â˘ÙÈο π‰Ú‡Ì·Ù· (∞.∂.π.) ›¯Â ‰È·ÈÛÙˆı› ÚÈÓ ·fi ·ÚÎÂÙ¿ ¯Úfi-ÓÈ·. ¶·ÚfiÙÈ ˘‹Ú¯Â ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈ΋ ÙÂÎÌËÚ›ˆÛË ÁÈ· Ù· ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ-›˙Ô˘Ó ÔÈ ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜-ÙÚȘ Î·È Î·Ù¿ Û˘Ó¤ÂÈ· ›ÁÔ˘Û· ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ Û˘Ì-‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË, ‰ÂÓ ˘‹Ú¯Â η̛· Û¯ÂÙÈ΋ ˘ËÚÂÛ›· ÛÙ· ÂÏÏËÓÈο ∞.∂.π. ̤¯ÚÈÙÔ 1988.

ΔÔ ‰Â‡ÙÂÚÔ ¶·ÓÂÏÏ‹ÓÈÔ ™˘Ó¤‰ÚÈÔ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È ∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ¶ÚÔ-Û·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ Ô˘ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔÈ‹ıËΠÙÔ 1988 ÛÙËÓ ∞ı‹Ó· ›¯Â ÂÛÙÈ·ÛÙ› ÛÙȘ ·Ó¿-

∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 271

ÁΘ ÁÈ· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi ÛÙËÓ ·ÓÒÙ·ÙË Âη›‰Â˘ÛË. ∂›¯Â ÂÈ-ÛËÌ·Óı› ÙfiÙ fiÙÈ ÔÈ ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜-ÙÚȘ Ù˘ ·ÓÒÙ·Ù˘ Âη›‰Â˘Û˘ Û˘Ó·ÓÙÔ‡Ó Ì›· ÛÂÈ-Ú¿ ·fi ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· (ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘, 1989) Ô˘ ÁÈ· Ó· Ù· ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›ÛÔ˘Ó ¯ÚÂÈ-¿˙ÔÓÙ·È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË, ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÔÔ›· ‰ÂÓ ˘‹Ú¯Â η̛· ̤ÚÈÌÓ·. ŒÓ· ÌÂ-Á¿ÏÔ ÔÛÔÛÙfi ÙˆÓ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ (67%) ›¯Â ··ÓÙ‹ÛÂÈ Û ۯÂÙÈ΋ ÂÚÒÙËÛË Û˘-Ó¤ÓÙ¢Í˘ fiÙÈ ‰ÂÓ ˘‹ÚÍ·Ó ÔÙ¤ ·Ô‰¤ÎÙ˜ ˘ËÚÂÛÈÒÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ‹ ÚÔÛ·-Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ ·fi οÔÈÔÓ Î·ıËÁËÙ‹ ‹ ¿ÏÏÔ ÚfiÛˆÔ ÚÔÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘ Ó· ‚ÔËıËıÔ‡ÓÛÙËÓ Â›Ï˘ÛË ÙˆÓ ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÙÔ˘˜ (ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘,1992. Δ˙¤ÔÁÏÔ˘,1989).ΔÔ Û˘Ó¤‰ÚÈÔ ÚÔ¤‚·Ï ˆ˜ ÂÈÙ·ÎÙÈ΋ ÙËÓ ·Ó¿ÁÎË ›‰Ú˘Û˘ ∫¤ÓÙÚˆÓ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ-΋˜ Î·È ∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ Û fiÏ· Ù· ∞.∂.π. (Kalantzi-Azizi &Malikiosi-Loizos, 1994). ΔËÓ ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ÙÔÓ›˙Ô˘Ó ÊÔÈÙË-Ù¤˜ Î·È ÊÔÈÙ‹ÙÚȘ Î·È Û ÓÂfiÙÂÚ˜ ¤Ú¢Ó˜ (∂˘ÛÙ·ı›Ô˘, 2000).

∏ ÚÒÙË ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ· ÂÁηı›‰Ú˘Û˘ ÂÓfi˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ‡ ΤÓÙÚÔ˘ ÁÈ· ÊÔÈÙË-Ù¤˜ ¤ÁÈÓ ÛÙÔ ∞ÚÈÛÙÔÙ¤ÏÂÈÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ £ÂÛÛ·ÏÔӛ΢ ÙÔ 1988. ŸÌˆ˜, ‰Â‰Ô̤ÓÔ˘fiÙÈ Û˘ÛÙ¿ıËΠ·fi ÙÔ ÙÌ‹Ì· æ˘¯È·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ·Ó·ÌÊÈÛ‚‹ÙËÙ· ¤‰ˆÛ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚË ¤Ì-Ê·ÛË Û „˘¯È·ÙÚÈο ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù·. ΔÔ 1989, ÌÂÙ¿ ·fi ÚfiÙ·ÛË ÙÔ˘ ΔÔ̤· æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜,ÙÔ˘ ΔÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ºÈÏÔÛÔÊ›·˜, ¶·È‰·ÁˆÁÈ΋˜ Î·È æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, ÙÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ πˆ-·ÓÓ›ÓˆÓ ¿Ú¯ÈÛ ӷ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ› ¤Ó· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎfi ΤÓÙÚÔ, ˘fi ÙËÓ ›ÂÛË Î¿ÔȈÓÛÔ‚·ÚÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈÎÒÓ ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿ÙˆÓ Ô˘ ÂÌÊ·Ó›ÛÙËÎ·Ó Û ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜. ™ÙË Û˘Ó¤¯ÂÈ·,ÙÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ, ÌÂÙ¿ ·fi ÚfiÙ·ÛË ÙÔ˘ ΔÔ̤· æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, ÙÔ˘ ΔÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ºÈÏÔÛÔÊ›·˜, ¶·È‰·ÁˆÁÈ΋˜ Î·È æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, ȉڇÂÈ ÙÔ 1990 ÙÔ ‰ÈÎfi ÙÔ˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘-Ï¢ÙÈÎfi ΤÓÙÚÔ ÁÈ· ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜-ÙÚȘ, ÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô ·fi ÙÔ 2002 ÌÂÙÔÓÔÌ¿˙ÂÙ·È Û ∂ÚÁ·-ÛÙ‹ÚÈÔ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ºÔÈÙËÙÒÓ (www.uoa.gr/skf/) (∫·Ï·Ù˙‹-∞˙›˙È,1996). ΔËÓ ÂfiÌÂÓË ¯ÚÔÓÈ¿ ÏÂÈÙÔ‡ÚÁËÛ ·fi ÙÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ Î·È ∫¤ÓÙÚÔ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È ∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡. ¶ÂÚ›Ô˘ ÙËÓ ›‰È· ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô,‰È¿ÊÔÚ· Δ.∂.π. Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜ ÍÂΛÓËÛ·Ó ÙË ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ÙˆÓ ‰ÈÎÒÓ ÙÔ˘˜ ΤÓÙÚˆÓ.

∂ÈϤÔÓ, ÙÔ 1995 ÍÂΛÓËÛ ÙË ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ÙÔ˘ ÙÔ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎfi ∫¤ÓÙÚÔ √ÌË-Ï›ÎˆÓ (™À.∫∂.√ª.) (www.sykeom.ecd.uoa.gr) ÛÙÔ ΔÌ‹Ì· ∂η›‰Â˘Û˘ Î·È ∞ÁˆÁ‹˜ÛÙËÓ ¶ÚÔÛ¯ÔÏÈ΋ ∏ÏÈΛ· ÙÔ˘ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›Ô˘ ∞ıËÓÒÓ, ‚·ÛÈ˙fiÌÂÓÔ ÛÙË ÊÈÏÔÛÔÊ›·fiÙÈ ÔÈ Û˘ÓÔÌ‹ÏÈÎÔÈ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÙËÓ ÈηÓfiÙËÙ· Ó· ·ÚËÁÔÚÔ‡Ó, Ó· ηıËÛ˘¯¿˙Ô˘Ó Î·È Ó·˘ÔÛÙËÚ›˙Ô˘Ó Ô ¤Ó·˜ ÙÔÓ ¿ÏÏÔÓ, Û ¤Ó· Ï·›ÛÈÔ ÈÛfiÙÈÌ˘ Û¯¤Û˘ (ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘, ™ÙÈ‚·ÎÙ¿ÎË, & ΔÛÂÚÌ›‰Ô˘, 2007). ΔÔ ™À.∫∂.√ª. ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ› ¤ÎÙÔÙ Û ÂıÂ-ÏÔÓÙÈ΋ ‚¿ÛË, ·fi ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜-ÙÚȘ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘Ì¤ÓÔ˘˜-˜ Û ‰ÂÍÈfiÙËÙ˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜Î·È Â›Ó·È ÙÔ ÌfiÓÔ ·˘ÙÔ‡ ÙÔ˘ Ù‡Ô˘ Ô˘ ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ ·˘Ù‹ ÙË ÛÙÈÁÌ‹ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·. ¶Úfi-ÛÊ·Ù·, ÂÓ¤Ù·Í ÛÙȘ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ ÙÔ˘ ÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÔÌËÏ›ÎˆÓ Î·ıÒ˜ Î·È ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ ÔÌËÏ›ÎˆÓ Ì ·Ó·Ëڛ˜, Î·È ÙÔ ∂ÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈÔ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ºÔÈÙËÙÒÓ ÙÔ˘ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›Ô˘ ∞ıËÓÒÓ (‚Ï. Î·È ÈÛÙÔÛÂÏ›‰· www.mbes.uoa.gr).

Δ¤ÏÔ˜, ÛÙÔ ∞ÚÈÛÙÔÙ¤ÏÂÈÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ £ÂÛÛ·ÏÔӛ΢ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ› ÙÔ ∫¤ÓÙÚÔ

272 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ÀÔÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢ (∫∂.™À.æ.À.) ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ, ÙÔÔÔ›Ô È‰Ú‡ıËΠÙÔ 1997 ·fi ÙËÓ ∂ÈÙÚÔ‹ ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ¶ÔÏÈÙÈ΋˜ ÙÔ˘ π‰Ú‡Ì·ÙÔ˜, ÌÂÛÙfi¯Ô ÙËÓ Â›Ï˘ÛË ÙˆÓ ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿ÙˆÓ Ô˘ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›˙Ô˘Ó ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜ Î·È ÊÔÈÙ‹ÙÚȘ.ΔÔ ∫∂.™À.æÀ. ·Ú¤¯ÂÈ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË, ·ÙÔÌÈ΋ ‹ ÔÌ·-‰È΋, Û ı¤Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ¿ÙÔÓÙ·È Ù˘ ÚÔÛˆÈ΋˜, ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ Î·È ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚΋˜ ˙ˆ‹˜ÙˆÓ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ, ÂÓÒ ·Ú¿ÏÏËÏ· ‰ÈÔÚÁ·ÓÒÓÂÈ ·ÓÔÈÎÙ¤˜ ÂΉËÏÒÛÂȘ Û ÔÈΛϷı¤Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ·ÊÔÚÔ‡Ó ÙËÓ ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚΋ ÎÔÈÓfiÙËÙ·.

™‹ÌÂÚ·, ÂÎÙfi˜ ·fi Ù· ÚÔ·Ó·ÊÂÚı¤ÓÙ·, ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ∫¤ÓÙÚ· ÛÂÔÏÏ¿ ÂÏÏËÓÈο ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ·. ∂ÓÙÔ‡ÙÔȘ, Ë ¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰fiÙËÛË Â›Ó·È ·Ó·Ú΋˜ ηÈË ÛÙÂϤ¯ˆÛË ÙˆÓ Î¤ÓÙÚˆÓ Ì ·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ ·Ó·ÓÙ›ÛÙÔÈ¯Ë Û ·ÚÈı-Ìfi Ì ÙÔ˘˜/ÙȘ ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜-ÙÚȘ. ø˜ ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ·, ÔÈ ·Ó¿ÁΘ ÙˆÓ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ ‰ÂÓηχÙÔÓÙ·È Â·ÚÎÒ˜. ∏ ÔÏ˘ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈ΋ ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË Î·È ÔÈ ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈΤ˜ ·ÏÏ·Á¤˜ ÛÙȘÎÔÈÓˆÓÈΤ˜ ‰Ô̤˜ Ô˘ ‚ÈÒÓÂÈ Ë ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· Ù· ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ¯ÚfiÓÈ·, ÂÁ›ÚÔ˘ÓÙËÓ ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· Ӥ˜, ÂÓ·ÏÏ·ÎÙÈΤ˜ ÚÔÛÂÁÁ›ÛÂȘ ÛÙÔÓ ÙÔ̤· Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ. °È· ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ·, ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ Ì›· fiÏÔ Î·È ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚË ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· Û˘Ì-‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ·ÏÏÔ‰·ÒÓ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ. ∏ ·Ó¿ÁÎË ·˘Ù‹ ÚÔ·ÙÂÈ ·fi ÙËÓÂÓÙ·ÙÈÎÔÔ›ËÛË ÙˆÓ ∂˘Úˆ·˚ÎÒÓ ÚÔÁÚ·ÌÌ¿ÙˆÓ Erasmus ‹ Socrates, ηıÒ˜ ηȷfi ÔÈΛϷ ¿ÏÏ· ‰ÈÂıÓ‹ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ·ÓÙ·ÏÏ·Á‹˜ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ.

∂™øΔ∂ƒπ∫∂™ ¢À¡∞ª∂π™

™ÙÔ ¯ÒÚÔ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ·Ú·ÙËÚÂ›Ù·È Ì›· Ù·¯Â›··Ó¿Ù˘ÍË ÙfiÛÔ Ù˘ ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ fiÛÔ Î·È Ù˘ ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈ΋˜ ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈfiÙËÙ·˜, η-ıÒ˜ Î·È ÌÈ· ·˘Í·ÓfiÌÂÓË ˙‹ÙËÛË ÙfiÛÔ ÁÈ· ÂÍÂȉÈÎÂ˘Ì¤ÓË ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î‹ Âη›‰Â˘-ÛË fiÛÔ Î·È ÁÈ· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈΤ˜ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ ÛÙÔ ‰ËÌfiÛÈÔ Î·È ÛÙÔÓ È‰ÈˆÙÈÎfi ÙÔ̤·. ∞˘-Ù‹ Ë ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË ÂÎÊÚ¿˙ÂÙ·È ˆ˜ ÂÍ‹˜:

(·) À¿Ú¯ÂÈ Ì›· ·‡ÍËÛË ÛÙȘ ÂΉfiÛÂȘ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ˆ˜ ı¤Ì· ÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘-¯ÔÏÔÁ›·, ÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÙÔÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi, ÙfiÛÔ ÙˆÓ ·Î·-‰ËÌ·˚ÎÒÓ ÂÁ¯ÂÈÚȉ›ˆÓ fiÛÔ Î·È ÙˆÓ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎÒÓ ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎÒÓ, ÂÓËÌÂÚˆÙÈÎÒÓ ÂÓÙ‡-ˆÓ, Î·È ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎÒÓ ¿ÚıÚˆÓ. ∂›Û˘, ·Ú·ÙËÚÂ›Ù·È ·‡ÍËÛË Î·È ÔÈÎÈÏ›· ÛÙ·Ì·ı‹Ì·Ù· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Î·È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Ô˘ ÚÔÛʤÚÔÓÙ·È ÛÙ··ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ·.

(‚) ™Ù· ȉȈÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· Âη›‰Â˘Û˘ (∫¤ÓÙÚ· ∂Ï¢ı¤ÚˆÓ ™Ô˘‰ÒÓ) Ô˘ ÏÂÈ-ÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜, ÔÏÏ¿ ·fi Ù· ÔÔ›· Û˘ÓÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È Î·È Ì ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ·¿ÏÏˆÓ ·ÁÁÏÔÛ·ÍÔÓÈÎÒÓ Â˘Úˆ·˚ÎÒÓ ¯ˆÚÒÓ, ÛËÌÂÈÒÓÂÙ·È Â›Û˘ ÌÈ· ¿ÓıÈÛË ÚÔ-Ù˘¯È·ÎÒÓ Î·È ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·ÎÒÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ÛÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·.

(Á) ™Ù·‰È·Î¿, ÚÔÎËÚ‡ÛÛÔÓÙ·È ı¤ÛÂȘ ‰È‰·ÎÙÈÎÔ‡ Î·È ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎÔ‡ ÚÔÛˆ-

∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 273

ÈÎÔ‡ (¢.∂.¶.) ÁÈ· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜ ÛÙ· ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ·, ÁÂÁÔÓfi˜ Ô˘·ÔÙÂÏ› Î·È Ì›· ¤Ó‰ÂÈÍË Ù˘ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛ˘ Î·È ·Ô‰Ô¯‹˜ Ù˘ ÂÈÛÙ‹Ì˘ ÌÂٷ͇ وӷη‰ËÌ·˚ÎÒÓ ‰·ÛοψÓ. ∏ ÛÙÂϤ¯ˆÛË ÙˆÓ ∞.∂.π. ÌÂ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜·ÔÙÂÏ› Î·È ÙÔ ÚÒÙÔ ‚‹Ì· ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ¤Ó·ÚÍË ÂÓÙ·ÙÈÎÒÓ ÚÔÛ·ıÂÈÒÓ ÙfiÛÔ ÁÈ· ÌÂ-Ù·Ù˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· fiÛÔ Î·È ÁÈ· ‰È·‰Èηۛ˜ ÈÛÙÔÔ›ËÛ˘.

(‰) ∞ÎfiÌË, ‰ÈÂÍ¿ÁÔÓÙ·È fiÏÔ Î·È Û˘¯ÓfiÙÂÚ·, ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ ·Ó¿-Ù˘Í˘ Ô˘ ÂÛÙÈ¿˙Ô˘Ó ÛÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÙÔÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi.∞fi ÙÔ 1999 Î·È Ì¤¯ÚÈ Û‹ÌÂÚ· ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó °Ú·Ê›· ™.∂.¶. (°ƒ∞.™.∂.¶.) ÛÙË ‰Â˘-ÙÂÚÔ‚¿ıÌÈ· Âη›‰Â˘ÛË, Ì ÛÙfi¯Ô ÙË ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË Ù˘ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ ™.∂.¶. ÛÙÔ °˘ÌÓ¿ÛÈÔÎ·È ÙÔ §‡ÎÂÈÔ. ∂›Û˘, ·fi ÙÔ 1999 ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó Î·È ∫¤ÓÙÚ· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È ¶ÚÔ-Û·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ (∫∂.™À.¶.), ÁÈ· ÙË ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË Ì·ıËÙÒÓ, ηıËÁËÙÒÓ Î·È ÁÔÓ¤ˆÓ, Ù· ÔÔ›·Î·Ï‡ÙÔ˘Ó fiÏË ÙËÓ ÂÈÎÚ¿ÙÂÈ·. (∫·ÛÛˆÙ¿Î˘ & ºˆÙÈ¿‰Ô˘-∑·¯·Ú›Ô˘, 2002).

(Â) √È ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› ™Ù·ıÌÔ› ‹ Ù· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ∫¤ÓÙÚ· fiÏÔ Î·È ÏËı·›ÓÔ˘ÓÙ· ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ¯ÚfiÓÈ·, ÙfiÛÔ Û ¢‹ÌÔ˘˜ Î·È ∫ÔÈÓfiÙËÙ˜ Ù˘ ∞ÙÙÈ΋˜, fiÛÔ Î·È ÛÙȘ ˘fi-ÏÔȘ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜, ÛÙԯ‡ÔÓÙ·˜ ÛÙËÓ ÚÔÒıËÛË Ù˘ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜.

(ÛÙ) ™ÙÔ ¯ÒÚÔ Ù˘ ˘Ô¯ÚˆÙÈ΋˜ Âη›‰Â˘Û˘, ÙÔ À¶.∂.¶.£. ¤¯ÂÈ ıÂÛ›ÛÂÈ Â›-Û˘ Ù· ∫¤ÓÙÚ· ¢È·ÊÔÚԉȿÁÓˆÛ˘, ¢È¿ÁÓˆÛ˘ Î·È ÀÔÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢ ∂ȉÈÎÒÓ ∂ηÈ-‰Â˘ÙÈÎÒÓ ∞Ó·ÁÎÒÓ (∫∂.¢.¢.À., ÚÒËÓ ∫.¢.∞.À.). √È ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ ·˘Ù¤˜ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÛÙfi-¯Ô ÙË ‰È¿ÁÓˆÛË, ·ÍÈÔÏfiÁËÛË Î·È ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ÙˆÓ Ì·ıËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ Ì ÂȉÈΤ˜ ÂηÈ-‰Â˘ÙÈΤ˜ ·Ó¿ÁΘ. ∂›Û˘ ·Ó·Ï·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó ÙËÓ ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË, ÏËÚÔÊfiÚËÛË Î·È Â˘·È-ÛıËÙÔÔ›ËÛË ÙˆÓ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎÒÓ, ÙˆÓ ÁÔÓ¤ˆÓ Î·È Ù˘ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·˜.

(˙) ΔȘ ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›Â˜ ‰‡Ô ‰ÂηÂٛ˜ ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡ÓÙ·È ı¤ÛÂȘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ ÁÈ· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘-Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜ Û ȉȈÙÈο Î·È Û οÔÈ· ÚfiÙ˘· ‰ËÌfiÛÈ· Û¯ÔÏ›· Úˆ-ÙÔ‚¿ıÌÈ·˜ Î·È ‰Â˘ÙÂÚÔ‚¿ıÌÈ·˜ Âη›‰Â˘Û˘. ™Â ·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌÈ·Îfi ›‰Ô, fiˆ˜ÚԷӷʤÚıËÎÂ, ȉڇÔÓÙ·È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· ÛÙ· ·ÓÒٷٷ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈο ȉڇ-Ì·Ù· fiÏ˘ Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜.

™‹ÌÂÚ·, Ë ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ¤¯ÂÈ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹: (·) Û Τ-ÓÙÚ· „˘¯È΋˜ ˘ÁÈÂÈÓ‹˜, (‚) Û ·ÚÎÂÙ¿ ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ· Î·È Û οÔÈ· ȉȈÙÈο Û¯Ô-Ï›·, (Á) ÛÂ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· ÚfiÏ˄˘ ‹/Î·È ·ÂÍ¿ÚÙËÛ˘ Ô˘ ÂÔÙ‡ÔÓÙ·È·fi ÙÔ ÀÔ˘ÚÁÂ›Ô ÀÁ›·˜ Î·È ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ∞ÏÏËÏÂÁÁ‡Ë˜, (‰) ÛÂ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο Τ-ÓÙÚ· ÁÈ· ηÎÔÔÈË̤Ó˜ Á˘Ó·›Î˜ Î·È ÁÈ· ı¤Ì·Ù· ··Û¯fiÏËÛ˘ Î·È ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜¤ÓÙ·Í˘ Á˘Ó·ÈÎÒÓ (∫¤ÓÙÚÔ ∂Ú¢ÓÒÓ ÁÈ· £¤Ì·Ù· πÛfiÙËÙ·˜), Ô˘ ÂÔÙ‡ÔÓÙ·È ·fiÙË °ÂÓÈ΋ °Ú·ÌÌ·Ù›· πÛfiÙËÙ·˜ ÙÔ˘ ÀÔ˘ÚÁ›Ԣ ∂ÛˆÙÂÚÈÎÒÓ, (Â) Û ȉڇ̷ٷ ˘Á›-·˜ Î·È ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎÒÓ ˘ËÚÂÛÈÒÓ (ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌ›·, ȉڇ̷ٷ ÂÚ›ı·Ï„˘, ·ÔηٿÛÙ·-Û˘, ·ӤÓÙ·Í˘, Î.Ù.Ï.), (ÛÙ) Û ÔÚÁ·ÓÈÛÌÔ‡˜, fiˆ˜ Â›Ó·È ÔÈ ÙÚ¿Â˙˜, (˙) Û ÎÚ·-ÙÈΤ˜ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ fiˆ˜ Â›Ó·È ÔÈ ¤ÓÔϘ ‰˘Ó¿ÌÂȘ, ÙÔ ÛˆÊÚÔÓÈÛÙÈÎfi Û‡ÛÙËÌ·, Î.¿.,(Ë) Û ÔÌ¿‰Â˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ °ÔÓ¤ˆÓ (™¯ÔϤ˜ °ÔÓ¤ˆÓ) Ô˘ ‰ÈÔÚÁ·ÓÒÓÔÓÙ·È ·fiÙÔ πÓÛÙÈÙÔ‡ÙÔ ¢È·ÚÎÔ‡˜ ∂η›‰Â˘Û˘ ∂ÓËÏ›ÎˆÓ (π.¢.∂∫.∂.) Ù˘ °ÂÓÈ΋˜ °Ú·ÌÌ·-

274 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

Ù›·˜ ∂η›‰Â˘Û˘ ∂ÓËÏ›ÎˆÓ ÙÔ˘ ÀÔ˘ÚÁ›Ԣ ¶·È‰Â›·˜, ·fi ÙÔÈΤ˜ ÂÓÔڛ˜ ÎÈ·fi Û¯ÔÏ›· (™‡ÏÏÔÁÔÈ °ÔÓ¤ˆÓ), (ı) Û οÔÈÔ˘˜ ȉȈÙÈÎÔ‡˜ ÔÚÁ·ÓÈÛÌÔ‡˜, (È) ÛÂȉȈÙÈο ·ÓÂÍ¿ÚÙËÙ· Ï·›ÛÈ· (ȉȈÙÈ΋ ¿ÛÎËÛË ÙÔ˘ ·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜) Î·È ÁÂÓÈο, (Î)ÛÂ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· ÙˆÓ ‰‹ÌˆÓ Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜ Ì·˜, Ô˘ ÛÙÔ¯Â‡Ô˘Ó ÛÙËÓ ·ÓÙÈÌÂ-ÙÒÈÛË ÙˆÓ ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿ÙˆÓ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ Î¿ı ËÏÈΛ·˜ Î·È ÛÙËÓ ·ÚÔ¯‹ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ˘Ô-ÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢ ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ· ÛÙȘ ¢·ı›˜ ÔÌ¿‰Â˜. Δ· ΤÓÙÚ· ·˘Ù¿ Â›Ó·È ÛÙÂϯˆÌ¤Ó· ̉ÈÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈΤ˜ ÔÌ¿‰Â˜, Ô˘ ··ÚÙ›˙ÔÓÙ·È ·fi ‰È¿ÊÔÚÔ˘˜ ÂȉÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›-·˜, fiˆ˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜, ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎÔ‡˜ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡˜, ·È‰Ô„˘¯›·ÙÚÔ˘˜ Î.¿.

Δ¤ÙÔÈÔ˘ ›‰Ô˘˜ ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈfiÙËÙ˜ ·ÂÈÎÔÓ›˙Ô˘Ó ÙÔ Â˘Ú‡ Ê¿ÛÌ· ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁÒÓ ÙË˜Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Û ÔÈΛϘ ÂÎÊ¿ÓÛÂȘ Ù˘ ˙ˆ‹˜. ™Â fiÏ· ·˘Ù¿ Ù· Ï·›-ÛÈ·, Ë Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Ú·ÁÌ·Ù‡ÂÙ·È ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ Û¯ÂÙ›˙ÔÓÙ·È Ì ÙËÓÚÔ·ÁˆÁ‹ Ù˘ ¢ËÌÂÚ›·˜ ÛÙÔÓ ¿ÓıÚˆÔ, ÙËÓ ÂÓ‰˘Ó¿ÌˆÛË ÙˆÓ ÁÔÓÂ˚ÎÒÓ ‰ÂÍÈÔÙ‹-ÙˆÓ, ÙÔÓ ÂÌÏÔ˘ÙÈÛÌfi ÙˆÓ Û¯¤ÛˆÓ, ÙËÓ Â›Ï˘ÛË Û˘ÁÎÚÔ‡ÛˆÓ, ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù· ·Ôη-Ù¿ÛÙ·Û˘, ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· ÛÂÍÔ˘·ÏÈο, ˘·ÚÍȷο, ÓÂ˘Ì·ÙÈο, ı¤Ì·Ù· ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ-΋˜ ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘ Î·È ÔÏÏ¿ ¿ÏÏ·, ̤۷ ·fi ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ÚˆÙÔÁÂÓÔ‡˜ ÚfiÏ˄˘,ÂÓË̤ڈÛ˘ Î·È Â˘·ÈÛıËÙÔÔ›ËÛ˘, ¤ÁηÈÚ˘ ·Ú¤Ì‚·Û˘ Î·È ıÂڷ¢ÙÈ΋˜ ·ÓÙÈ-ÌÂÙÒÈÛ˘.

ΔÔ ˙‹ÙËÌ· fï˜ Â›Ó·È fiÙÈ ÔÈ ¿ÓıÚˆÔÈ Ô˘ η٤¯Ô˘Ó ı¤ÛÂȘ ÛÙ· ·Ú·¿ÓˆÏ·›ÛÈ· ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È fiÏÔÈ Î·Ù·ÚÙÈṲ̂ÓÔÈ ÛÙËÓ ÂȉÈÎfiÙËÙ· ·˘Ù‹. ΔÔ ı¤Ì· ·˘Ùfi Ì·˜ ʤÚ-ÓÂÈ ·ÓÙÈÌ¤ÙˆÔ˘˜ Ì ·‰˘Ó·Ì›Â˜, ¿ÏϘ ·fi ÙȘ Ôԛ˜ ·Ó¿ÁÔÓÙ·È Û ı¤Ì·Ù· ÔÏÈ-ÙÈ΋˜ Ô˘ ıÂÛ›˙ÂÈ ÙÔ ÎÚ¿ÙÔ˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·ÚÔ¯‹ ¿‰ÂÈ·˜ ·Û΋Ûˆ˜ ÙÔ˘ ·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜,Î·È ¿ÏϘ Ô˘ ·Ó¿ÁÔÓÙ·È Û ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù· ηٿÚÙÈÛ˘ ÙˆÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ.

∂™øΔ∂ƒπ∫∂™ ∞¢À¡∞ªπ∂™

™Â Û¯¤ÛË Ì ÙËÓ ÔÏÈÙÈ΋ Ô˘ ÂÊ·ÚÌfi˙ÂÈ ÙÔ ÀÔ˘ÚÁÂ›Ô ÀÁ›·˜ Î·È ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜∞ÏÏËÏÂÁÁ‡Ë˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ¿‰ÂÈ· ¿ÛÎËÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ ·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘, ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿-‰·, Ì ÙËÓ Î·ÙÔ¯‹ ÚÒÙÔ˘ Ù˘¯›Ô˘ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ·Ú¤¯ÂÙ·È ÁÂÓÈ΋ ¿‰ÂÈ· ¿ÛÎËÛ˘·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘. ¶·Ú¿ ÙÔ fiÙÈ ¤¯Ô˘Ó Û˘ÛÙ·ı› ÂÈÙÚÔ¤˜ Î·È ¤¯Ô˘Ó η-Ù·ÙÂı› ÂÎı¤ÛÂȘ Î·È ÚÔÙ¿ÛÂȘ ÁÈ· Ù· ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈ· Ô˘ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÏËÚÔ‡Ó Î¿ÔȘ ÂÈ-‰ÈÎfiÙËÙ˜ Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ (̤¯ÚÈ ÛÙÈÁÌ‹˜ ÁÈ· ÙË Û¯ÔÏÈ΋, ÙËÓ ÔÚÁ·ÓˆÙÈ΋ Î·È ÙËÓÎÏÈÓÈ΋) Î·È ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó Û¯ÂÙÈΤ˜ ˘Ô˘ÚÁÈΤ˜ ·ÔÊ¿ÛÂȘ, Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ‰ËÌÔÛÈ¢ı›Û ·ÓÙ›ÛÙÔȯ· º∂∫, Ë ÓÔÌÔıÂÛ›· ·˘Ù‹ ·Ú·Ì¤ÓÂÈ ·ÓÂÓÂÚÁ‹. ∏ ηٿÛÙ·ÛË ·˘Ù‹ Û˘-Ó¿ÁÂÙ·È fiÙÈ ÁÈ· Ó· ÚÔÛÏËÊı› οÔÈÔ˜ Û οÔÈ· ·fi ÙȘ ·Ú·¿Óˆ ı¤ÛÂȘ¿ÛÎËÛ˘ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ‰ÂÓ ··ÈÙÂ›Ù·È Ó·¤¯ÂÈ ··Ú·›ÙËÙ· ÙËÓ ·ÓÙ›ÛÙÔÈ¯Ë ÂȉÈÎfiÙËÙ·. ∂Ô̤ӈ˜, ·˘Ùfi Ô˘ ÙÂÏÈο Á›ÓÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Â›Ó·È fiÙÈ ÔÏϤ˜ ·fi ·˘Ù¤˜ ÙȘ ı¤ÛÂȘ ÙÂÏÈÎÒ˜ ηٷϷ̂¿ÓÔÓÙ·È ·fi „˘-

∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 275

¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜, ·ÓÂÍ·Úًو˜ Âȉ›Î¢Û˘. μ‚·›ˆ˜ ÚÔÙÈÌÒÓÙ·È „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ Ì οÔÈÔ ÌÂ-Ù·Ù˘¯È·Îfi ‰›ÏˆÌ·, ÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô fï˜ ÌÔÚ› Ó· Â›Ó·È Î·È ¿ÏÏ˘ ÂȉÈÎfiÙËÙ·˜ ·fi ÙË™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· (.¯., ÂÍÂÏÈÎÙÈ΋, Û¯ÔÏÈ΋, ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈ΋ ‹ ÎÏÈÓÈ΋ „˘-¯ÔÏÔÁ›·). Δ· ·Ú·¿Óˆ ‰Â‰Ô̤ӷ ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó Û‡Á¯˘ÛË Î·È ÛÙÔÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfiÎÏ¿‰Ô Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜.

ŸÛÔÓ ·ÊÔÚ¿ Ù· ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù· ηٿÚÙÈÛ˘ ÙˆÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ, ÙÔ ÎÚ¿-ÙÔ˜ ÚfiÛÊ·Ù· ÂÓ¤ÎÚÈÓ ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ÛÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎ‹æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Î·È ÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, Ù· ÔÔ›· ¿Ú¯ÈÛ·Ó Ó· ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó ·fi ÙÔ ·Î·-‰ËÌ·˚Îfi ¤ÙÔ˜ 2009-2010. ª¤¯ÚÈ ÚfiÙÈÓÔ˜, ‰ÂÓ ˘‹Ú¯Â ηӤӷ ›ÛËÌÔ ÌÂÙ·Ù˘-¯È·Îfi ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· ÌÂ Û˘ÛÙËÌ·ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÔÚÁ·ÓˆÌ¤ÓË Âη›‰Â˘ÛË Ô˘ Ó· ·ÔÓ¤ÌÂÈÙËÓ Âȉ›Î¢ÛË Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. √È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ ÛÙËÓ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÛÔ˘‰¿ÛÂÈ Â›Ù ÛÙÔ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎfi (΢ڛˆ˜ ÛÙË ªÂÁ¿ÏË μÚÂÙ·-Ó›·, ÛÙȘ ∏.¶.∞. Î·È ÛÙÔÓ ∫·Ó·‰¿) ›Ù ¤¯Ô˘Ó ·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ˘ı‹ÛÂÈ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· Ô˘·Ú¤¯ÔÓÙ·È ·fi ÎÔϤÁÈ· Î·È ÛˆÌ·Ù›· ÌË ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚÈṲ̂ӷ ·fi ÙÔ ÎÚ¿ÙÔ˜ (Ù· ÏÂ-ÁfiÌÂÓ· ∂ÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈ· ∂Ï¢ı¤ÚˆÓ ™Ô˘‰ÒÓ). √ÚÈṲ̂ӷ ·fi ·˘Ù¿ Ù· ȉȈÙÈο ÂÎ-·È‰Â˘ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· Û˘ÓÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È Ì οÔÈÔ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎfi ÈÓÛÙÈÙÔ‡ÙÔ ‹ ·ÓÂÈ-ÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ÙÔ˘ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎÔ‡, ÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚ›˙ÂÈ ÙÔ ‰›ÏˆÌ· Ô˘ ·Ú¤¯Ô˘Ó Î·È ·-Ú¿ÏÏËÏ· ÈÛÙÔÔÈ› ‹ ÂÈ΢ÚÒÓÂÈ ÙËÓ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË Ô˘ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔÈÂ›Ù·È ÛÙËÓ∂ÏÏ¿‰·. ŸÛÔÈ-˜ ·ÔÊÔÈÙÔ‡Ó ·fi ·ÚfiÌÔÈ· ÂÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈ· ÂÏ¢ı¤ÚˆÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ Î·È·ÔÎÙÔ‡Ó Ù˘¯›Ô ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚÈṲ̂ÓÔ ·fi ÙÔ ·ÏÏÔ‰·fi ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ, ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·È·Ú¿ÏÏËÏ· ˆ˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ ‹ Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔÈ ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· ÂΛÓË. ∂›Ó·È ¤Ó·˙‹ÙËÌ· Ô˘ Ì·˙› Ì ÙÔ fiÏÔ ı¤Ì· Ù˘ ÌË ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛ˘ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ·fi ÌË ÎÚ·ÙÈο ȉڇ-Ì·Ù·, ·ÓÙÈηÙÔÙÚ›˙ÂÈ Î·È ÙË ÌÂȈ̤ÓË ÎÚ·ÙÈ΋ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛË Ô˘ ¤¯ÂÈ Ë ™˘Ì‚Ô˘-Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·, ηıÒ˜ Î·È ÙËÓ ¤ÏÏÂÈ„Ë Ì›·˜ ÍÂοı·Ú˘ ·Á-ÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ Ù·˘ÙfiÙËÙ·˜ ÙÔ˘ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˘.

ŒÓ· ¿ÏÏÔ ˙‹ÙËÌ· Ô˘ ¯Ú‹˙ÂÈ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛ˘ Â›Ó·È fiÙÈ Ë Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, fiˆ˜·ÛÎÂ›Ù·È ·˘Ù‹ ÙË ÛÙÈÁÌ‹ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·, ‚·Û›˙ÂÙ·È Û ÌÂÁ¿ÏÔ ‚·ıÌfi Û ̛· ‰˘ÙÈ΋ÚÔÛ¤ÁÁÈÛË Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Î·È ÂÍ ·˘ÙÔ‡ Û¯ÔÏÈ¿˙ÂÙ·È ˆ˜ ÌË ·fi-Ï˘Ù· Û¯ÂÙÈ˙fiÌÂÓË Ì ÙÔ ÂÏÏËÓÈÎfi ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈÎfi Ï·›ÛÈÔ. ∏ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈ΋ ÂÓ·Û¯fiÏËÛËÌ ÙÔ ˙‹ÙËÌ· ·˘Ùfi Â›Ó·È Û¯Â‰fiÓ Ìˉ·ÌÈÓ‹ ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜. ¢Â Ê·›ÓÂÙ·È Ó· ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó¤Ú¢Ó˜ Ô˘ Ó· Û˘Û¯ÂÙ›˙Ô˘Ó ÙË ‰˘ÙÈ΋ ÚÔÛ¤ÁÁÈÛË Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Ì ÙËÓ ÂÏ-ÏËÓÈ΋ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ Î·È ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈ΋ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÈÎfiÙËÙ·. ¶·Ú¿ ÙÔ fiÙÈ ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ ÔÈÎÈÏ›·ıˆÚÈÒÓ, Ôχ Ï›Á· ÔÚ›ÛÌ·Ù· ÂÚ¢ÓÒÓ ‚Ú›ÛÎÂÈ Î·Ó›˜ fiÙ·Ó ·Ó·˙ËÙ¿ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ-̤ӷ ÌÔÓ٤Ϸ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Ô˘ Ó· ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿˙Ô˘Ó Â˘·ÈÛıËÙÔÔ›ËÛË ÛÙÔ Âο-ÛÙÔÙ ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈÎfi Ï·›ÛÈÔ ÛÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô ÂÊ·ÚÌfi˙ÔÓÙ·È.

276 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

∂•øΔ∂ƒπ∫∂™ ∂À∫∞πƒπ∂™

øÛÙfiÛÔ, ·ÚÎÂÙ¤˜ ¢ηÈڛ˜ ÚÔ‚¿ÏÏÔ˘Ó ÛÙËÓ ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· Ô˘ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó·‚ÔËı‹ÛÔ˘Ó ÛÙËÓ Â›Ù¢ÍË ÙˆÓ ÛÙfi¯ˆÓ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. °È· ·Ú¿-‰ÂÈÁÌ·, Ë Û˘ÌÌÂÙÔ¯‹ ∂ÏÏ‹ÓˆÓ ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÒÓ Î·È ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚ÎÒÓ ‰·ÛÎ¿ÏˆÓ ÙÔ˘ ¯ÒÚÔ˘Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Û ‰ÈÂıÓ›˜ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈΤ˜ ÂÙ·ÈÚ›˜ Î·È ÂÈÛÙË-ÌÔÓÈΤ˜ Û˘Ó·ÓÙ‹ÛÂȘ, ÔÈΛϷ ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈο ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· Î·È ‰›ÎÙ˘·, Î·È ¿ÏϘ ‰ÈÂ-ıÓ›˜ Û˘ÓÂÚÁ·Û›Â˜, ¤¯Ô˘Ó Û˘Ì‚¿ÏÂÈ ÛÙËÓ ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË Ù˘ ¤Ú¢ӷ˜ Î·È Ù˘ ¿ÛÎËÛ˘ ÙԢ·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜.

°È· ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ·, ÛÂ Â˘Úˆ·˚Îfi ›‰Ô, Ë Û˘ÓÂÚÁ·Û›· Ì ÙË FEDORA-PSYCHE [FEDORA (Forum Europeen de l’Orientation Academique, ∂˘Úˆ·˚-Îfi ºfiÚÔ˘Ì ∞η‰ËÌ·˚ÎÔ‡ ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡, www.fedora.eu.org), ηıÒ˜ Î·È Ë ÔÌ¿-‰· ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ PSYCHE (Psychological Counselling in Higher Education, æ˘¯ÔÏÔ-ÁÈ΋ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙËÓ ∞ÓÒÙ·ÙË ∂η›‰Â˘ÛË)] ÂÌÏÔ˘Ù›˙ÂÈ fiÛÔ˘˜-˜ Û˘ÌÌÂÙ¤-¯Ô˘Ó Û’ ·˘Ù‹Ó, ÁÈ·Ù› ÙÔ˘˜ ÚÔÛʤÚÂÈ ÙË ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ· Ó· ‰ÈÂÚ¢ӋÛÔ˘Ó Î·È Ó· ÚÔ-ÛÂÁÁ›ÛÔ˘Ó ·ÙÔÌÈο ‹ ÔÌ·‰Èο ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ··Û¯ÔÏÔ‡Ó ÙÔ˘˜/ÙȘ Ó¤Ô˘˜-˜, ·fi ‰È·-ÊÔÚÂÙÈΤ˜ ÔÙÈΤ˜ ÁˆÓ›Â˜. ªÈ· Ù¤ÙÔÈ· ¢ηÈÚ›· ·ÓÙ·ÏÏ·Á‹˜ Î·È ÂÌÏÔ˘ÙÈÛÌÔ‡ ÁÓÒ-Û˘ ‰fiıËΠÛÙÔ˘˜/ÛÙȘ Û˘ÌÌÂÙ¤¯ÔÓÙ˜-Ô˘Û˜ ÛÙÔ Û˘Ó¤‰ÚÈÔ Ù˘ FEDORA-PSYCHEÔ˘ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔÈ‹ıËΠÛÙÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ Ù˘ ∫Ú‹Ù˘ ÙÔ 2007 Î·È ÛÙ¤ÊıËΠ̠ÌÂ-Á¿ÏË ÂÈÙ˘¯›·. Δ· Ú·ÎÙÈο ÙÔ˘ Û˘Ó‰ڛԢ ÂΉfiıËÎ·Ó ·fi ÙȘ ÂΉfiÛÂȘ ∂ÏÏËÓÈο°Ú¿ÌÌ·Ù· (Giovazolias, Karademas, & Kalantzi-Azizi, 2008).

™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ, Ô˘ ÚÔ¤Ú¯ÔÓÙ·È ·fi ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈο ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈο, ÂÎ-·È‰Â˘ÙÈο Î·È ıˆÚËÙÈο Ï·›ÛÈ· ηٿÚÙÈÛ˘, Û˘ÓÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È ÛÙÂÓ¿ Ì ÛÙfi¯Ô Ó·ÂÁηıȉڇÛÔ˘Ó ¤Ó· ÎÔÈÓfi ¤‰·ÊÔ˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·Ó·Î¿Ï˘„Ë ıÂڷ¢ÙÈÎÒÓ ÚÔÛÂÁÁ›ÛÂ-ˆÓ Ô˘ ı· Â›Ó·È Â˘·ÈÛıËÙÔÔÈË̤Ó˜ ÛÙËÓ ÔÏ˘ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈ΋ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· Ô˘ ˙Ô‡ÌÂ.∂ÈÚÔÛı¤Ùˆ˜, Â˘Úˆ·˚ο Î·È ‰ÈÂıÓ‹ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ·ÓÙ·ÏÏ·Á‹˜ ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚ÎÒÓ ‰·-ÛοψÓ, ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ Î·È ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ ·Ú¤¯Ô˘Ó ÔÏϷϤ˜ ¢ηÈڛ˜ ÁÈ·‰È·ıÂÌ·ÙÈÎfiÙËÙ· Î·È ‰È·ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈÎfiÙËÙ· ÛÙÔ ‰È¿ÏÔÁÔ Î·È ÙËÓ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË.

∏ ÚfiÔ‰Ô˜ Ù˘ Ù¯ÓÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ·Ú¤¯ÂÈ ÛÙ·‰È·Î¿ ÂÓ·ÏÏ·ÎÙÈÎÔ‡˜ ÙÚfiÔ˘˜ ·ÚÔ¯‹˜ÙˆÓ ˘ËÚÂÛÈÒÓ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Ô˘ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ˘ÂÚˉ‹ÛÔ˘Ó ·ÎfiÌË Î·È ı¤-Ì·Ù· ·fiÛÙ·Û˘ (∂˘ÛÙ·ı›Ô˘, ∂˘ı˘Ì›Ô˘, & ∫·Ï·ÓÙ˙‹-∞˙›˙È, 2007). √È ÙËÏÂʈÓÈΤ˜ÁÚ·Ì̤˜ SOS ¿ÌÂÛ˘ ‚Ô‹ıÂÈ·˜ ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó Â‰Ò Î·È ·ÚÎÂÙ¿ ¯ÚfiÓÈ· Û ÎÚ·ÙÈÎfi ηÈȉȈÙÈÎfi ›‰Ô. ∏ ÙËÏÂ-Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, ̤ۈ ÙÔ˘ ‰È·‰ÈÎÙ‡Ô˘, ¤¯ÂÈ ‹‰Ë ·Ú¯›ÛÂÈ Ó·ÂÊ·ÚÌfi˙ÂÙ·È ·fi Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· ‰È¿ÊÔÚˆÓ ·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›ˆÓ Î·È ¿ÏÏˆÓ ÊÔ-Ú¤ˆÓ (∂˘ÛÙ·ı›Ô˘, 2006). ∏ ÂÔÙ›· ̤ۈ ÙËÏÂÊÒÓÔ˘ Î·È Ì¤Ûˆ ‰È·‰ÈÎÙ‡Ô˘ ¤¯ÂÈ›Û˘ ˘ÈÔıÂÙËı› ·fi ȉȈÙÈο ÎÔϤÁÈ· Î·È ¿ÏÏ· ȉȈÙÈο ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ·Ô˘ ÔÚÁ·ÓÒÓÔ˘Ó ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ηٿÚÙÈÛ˘. ¶·ÚfiÌÔÈ·, Ë ¯Ú‹ÛË ‚›-ÓÙÂÔ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Î·Ù¿ÚÙÈÛË Î·È ÙËÓ ÂÔÙ›· ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÂ›Ù·È ‹‰Ë ·fi ÔÏÏ¿ ¯ÚfiÓÈ·.

∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 277

Δ· ̤ÏË ÔÏÏÒÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ Î¤ÓÙÚˆÓ, ȉȈÙÈÎÒÓ ‹ ÎÚ·ÙÈÎÒÓ ÊÔÚ¤ˆÓ ‰Ú·-ÛÙËÚÈÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È ÛÙËÓ ÚÔÛÊÔÚ¿ ¿ÌÂÛ˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ Ô˘ ‚ÈÒ-ÓÔ˘Ó ÎÚ›ÛÈ̘ ηٷÛÙ¿ÛÂȘ. °È· ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ·, ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÂÙ·È Ë ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË Ù˘ ÌË ÎÂÚ‰Ô-ÛÎÔÈ΋˜ ÂÙ·ÈÚ›·˜ ª∂ƒπª¡∞ ÛÙÔ˘˜ Û˘ÁÁÂÓ›˜ Î·È Ê›ÏÔ˘˜ ÙˆÓ ·È‰ÈÒÓ ·fi Ù˺·Úη‰fiÓ· Ô˘ ¯¿ıËÎ·Ó ÛÙÔ ¤Ù·ÏÔ ÙÔ˘ ª·ÏÈ·ÎÔ‡ ÎfiÏÔ˘ Î·È ÛÙË ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ÙˆÓηÙÔ›ÎˆÓ Ô˘ ‚›ˆÛ·Ó ·ÒÏÂȘ ÛÙȘ ÚfiÛÊ·Ù˜ ˘ÚηÁȤ˜ ÛÙÔ ¡ÔÌfi ∏Ï›·˜. ΔÂ-ÏÂ˘Ù·›·, Ì ڈÙÔ‚Ô˘Ï›· ÌÂÏÒÓ Ù˘ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜, ÍÂΛ-ÓËÛÂ Ô ıÂÛÌfi˜ “Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔÈ ¯ˆÚ›˜ Û‡ÓÔÚ·”. Δ· ÚÒÙ· ̤ÏË ¤¯Ô˘Ó ‹‰Ë ÂÎ·È‰Â˘-ı› Î·È ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÍÂÎÈÓ‹ÛÂÈ ÙÔ ¤ÚÁÔ ÙÔ˘˜.

√È ·˘Í·ÓfiÌÂÓ˜ ·Ó¿ÁΘ Ù˘ ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·˜ ÁÈ· ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›-·˜ Ô‰ËÁ› fiÏÔ Î·È ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ· ¿ÙÔÌ· Û ÛÔ˘‰¤˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ηȄ˘¯ÔıÂڷ›·˜ ›Ù ÛÙÔ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎfi ›Ù ÛÙÔ ÂÛˆÙÂÚÈÎfi, ÛÙ· ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ· Î·È ÛٷȉȈÙÈο ÎÔϤÁÈ· Î·È ÂÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈ· ÂÏ¢ı¤ÚˆÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜, Ì ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ·Ó· ·˘Í¿ÓÂÙ·È Ô ·ÚÈıÌfi˜ ÙˆÓ ÂȉÈÎÒÓ ÛÙÔ ¯ÒÚÔ. ∏ ·‡ÍËÛË ÙÔ˘ ·ÚÈıÌÔ‡ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘-Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ ·˘Í¿ÓÂÈ Î·È ÙËÓ Èı·ÓfiÙËÙ· Ó· ÂÓۈ̷وıÔ‡Ó ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ Û˘Ì-‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ fi¯È ÌfiÓÔ ÛÙËÓ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È Û ÂÙ·Èڛ˜, ÔÚÁ·ÓÈ-ÛÌÔ‡˜ Î·È ¿ÏÏ· ȉڇ̷ٷ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ÙˆÓ ˘·ÏÏ‹ÏˆÓ ÙÔ˘˜.

∂•øΔ∂ƒπ∫∂™ ∞¶∂π§∂™

√È Â͈ÙÂÚÈΤ˜ ·ÂÈϤ˜ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ËÁ¿˙Ô˘Óηْ ·Ú¯¿˜ ·fi ÙȘ ÂÛˆÙÂÚÈΤ˜ Ù˘ ·‰˘Ó·Ì›Â˜. ∏ ΢ÚÈfiÙÂÚË ·ÂÈÏ‹ ·Ó·ÊÔÚÈο ÌÂÙËÓ ÂͤÏÈÍ‹ Ù˘ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Â›Ó·È Ë ·Ô˘Û›· Ì›·˜ ÍÂοı·Ú˘ Ù·˘ÙfiÙËÙ·˜, Ë ÔÔ›·ÂËÚ¿˙ÂÈ Î·È ÂËÚ¿˙ÂÙ·È ·fi ‰È¿ÊÔÚÔ˘˜ ¿ÏÏÔ˘˜ ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜ Î·È ÌÔÚ› Ó· Ô‰Ë-Á‹ÛÂÈ Û ·ÎfiÌË ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚ˜ ·ÂÈϤ˜ fiˆ˜:

(·) ∏ ·Ó·Ú΋˜ ηٿÚÙÈÛË. √È ·fiÊÔÈÙÔÈ ÙˆÓ ΔÌËÌ¿ÙˆÓ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ·Ô-ÎÙÔ‡Ó ÙËÓ ¿‰ÂÈ· ·Û΋Ûˆ˜ ÙÔ˘ ·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘ ·Ì¤Ûˆ˜ ÌÂÙ¿ ÙÔ ¤-Ú·˜ ÙˆÓ ÚÔÙ˘¯È·ÎÒÓ ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ. ∞˘Ùfi ÛÙËÓ Ú¿ÍË ÛËÌ·›ÓÂÈ fiÙÈ ·Ì¤Ûˆ˜ ÌÂ-Ù¿ ÙËÓ ÔÏÔÎÏ‹ÚˆÛË Ù˘ ÙÂÙÚ·ÂÙÔ‡˜ ÊÔ›ÙËÛ˘ ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙÔ ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ‰ÈηÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È Ó·ÂÚÁ·ÛÙÔ‡Ó Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈο ›Ù ˆ˜ ÂχıÂÚÔÈ Â·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ ›Ù Û οÔÈÔ ‰ËÌfi-ÛÈÔ ‹ ȉȈÙÈÎfi ÊÔÚ¤·.

¶·ÚfiÏÔ Ô˘ Ù· ÚÔÙ˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Â›Ó·È ÙÂÙÚ·ÂÙ‹ (Û ·ÓÙ›-ıÂÛË Ì ٷ μÚÂÙ·ÓÈο Ô˘ Â›Ó·È ÙÚÈÂÙ‹, ÂÓÒ ÙÔÓ Ù¤Ù·ÚÙÔ ¯ÚfiÓÔ ·ÔÎÙÔ‡Ó ÌÂÙ·Ù˘-¯È·Îfi Ù›ÙÏÔ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ) Î·È ÂÌÂÚȤ¯Ô˘Ó ÛÙÔ ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ Ú·ÎÙÈ΋ ¿ÛÎË-ÛË Ì ÂÔÙ›·, ·˘Ùfi Á›ÓÂÙ·È ÌfiÓÔ ÛÂ Â›Â‰Ô Â˘·ÈÛıËÙÔÔ›ËÛ˘ Î·È ÌÈ·˜ ÚÒÙ˘·ʋ˜ Ì ٷ ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈο Ï·›ÛÈ· ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹˜ Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÁÂÓÈÎfiÙÂÚ·. ∂È-ϤÔÓ, Ë ÂÔÙ›· Ô˘ ·Ú¤¯ÂÙ·È Â›Ó·È Ë ·Ôχو˜ ÛÙÔȯÂÈ҉˘ Î·È Û·ÊÒ˜ ‰ÂÓ ÚÔ-

278 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

ÂÙÔÈÌ¿˙ÂÈ ÙÔ˘˜ ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜ Ó· ¯ÂÈÚÈÛÙÔ‡Ó ÂÚÈÛÙ·ÙÈο Ô˘ ¯Ú‹˙Ô˘Ó Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜Î·È „˘¯ÔıÂڷ›·˜, ÙËÓ ÔÔ›· fï˜ ·ÚÎÂÙÔ› ·fi ·˘ÙÔ‡˜ ·ÛÎÔ‡Ó ·ÓÂͤÏÂÁÎÙ· ¿-Ú·˘Ù·.

(‚) Δ· ·Û·Ê‹ fiÚÈ· ·Ó¿ÌÂÛ· ÛÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Î·È ÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ-΋ (Gale & Austin, 2003). √È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Â›Ó·È Î˘Ú›ˆ˜Ì¤ÏË ÙˆÓ ÂÏÏËÓÈÎÒÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÒÓ ÂÙ·ÈÚÂÈÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Î·È ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÚÒÙÔ Ù˘¯›Ô„˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ·fi ·ÓÒٷٷ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈο ȉڇ̷ٷ Ù˘ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·˜ ‹ ÙÔ˘ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎÔ‡,ÂÓÒ ÔÈ Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔÈ Â›Ó·È Î˘Ú›ˆ˜ ̤ÏË Ù˘ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜, ËÔÔ›· ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚ›˙ÂÈ ˆ˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô‡ÏÔ˘˜ ¿ÙÔÌ· Ô˘ ÚÔ¤Ú¯ÔÓÙ·È ·fi ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈο ˘fi-‚·ıÚ· ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ, ·ÏÏ¿ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÂÎ·È‰Â˘Ù› Û ÌÈ· “‚È‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·ÊÈο ÙÂÎÌËÚȈ̤ÓË ÚÔ-Û¤ÁÁÈÛË Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜”, fiˆ˜ ·Ó·ÁÚ¿ÊÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ ÈÛÙÔÛÂÏ›‰· Ù˘ (www.hac.com.gr).√È Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔÈ Âηȉ‡ÔÓÙ·È Û ȉڇ̷ٷ ÙÔ˘ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎÔ‡ ‹ Û ÂÏÏËÓÈο ÂÚÁ·ÛÙ‹-ÚÈ· ÂÏ¢ı¤ÚˆÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ, Ù· ÔÔ›· ‰¤¯ÔÓÙ·È ÁÈ· Âη›‰Â˘ÛË Î·È Ù˘¯ÈÔ‡¯Ô˘˜ ¿ÏψÓÂȉÈÎÔÙ‹ÙˆÓ Î·È Û οÔȘ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ Î·È ÌË Ù˘¯ÈÔ‡¯Ô˘˜, ·fiÊÔÈÙÔ˘˜ §˘Î›Ԣ.ªÂÙ¿ ÙÔ ¤Ú·˜ ÙˆÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ÙÔ˘˜ ÔÈ Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔÈ Á›ÓÔÓÙ·È Ì¤ÏË Ù˘ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ (Î·È Î·-Ù¢ı›·Ó Î·È Ù˘ ∂˘Úˆ·˚΋˜) ∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜. ∞ÔÎÙÔ‡Ó ∂˘Úˆ·˚Îfi¶ÈÛÙÔÔÈËÙÈÎfi ™˘Ì‚Ô‡ÏÔ˘ Ô˘ ÙÔ˘˜ “ÓÔÌÈÌÔÔÈ›” Ó· ·ÛÎÔ‡Ó ÙÔ Â¿ÁÁÂÏÌ· ÙÔ˘ Û˘Ì-‚Ô‡ÏÔ˘, ‰ÂÓ ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·È fï˜ ·fi ÙÔ ÂÏÏËÓÈÎfi ÎÚ¿ÙÔ˜. ¶Ú¤ÂÈ Â‰Ò Ó· ÛËÌÂÈ-ˆı› fiÙÈ Û οÔȘ Â˘Úˆ·˚Τ˜ ¯ÒÚ˜ ÔÈ Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔÈ Âηȉ‡ÔÓÙ·È Î·È ÛÙËÓ „˘-¯ÔıÂڷ›· Î·È ÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È ˆ˜ „˘¯ÔıÂÚ·Â˘Ù¤˜. °È· ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ·, Ë μÚÂÙ·ÓÈ΋ ∂Ù·È-Ú›· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ (B.A.C.) ¤¯ÂÈ ÚfiÛÊ·Ù· (ÙÔ 2000) ÌÂÙÔÓÔÌ·Ûı› Û μÚÂÙ·ÓÈ-΋ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È æ˘¯ÔıÂڷ›·˜ (British Association forCounselling and Psychotherapy – B.A.C.P.) Î·È ·ÚÈıÌ› ¿Óˆ ·fi 29.000 ̤ÏË. ™ÙËÓ∂ÏÏ¿‰·, Ù· ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈ· ÈÛÙÔÔ›ËÛ˘ ÁÈ· ÙÔ˘˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜-„˘¯ÔıÂÚ·Â˘Ù¤˜ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘ÓÚÔÙ·ı› ·fi ÂȉÈ΋ ˘ÔÂÈÙÚÔ‹, Ô˘ Û˘ÛÙ¿ıËΠÁÈ· ÙÔ ÛÎÔfi ·˘Ùfi ·fi ÙÔ ÀÔ˘Ú-ÁÂ›Ô ÀÁ›·˜ Î·È ¶ÚfiÓÔÈ·˜, ‰ÂÓ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÙÂı› Û ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹.

ŒÙÛÈ, ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó Û‹ÌÂÚ· ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜ ¿ÙÔÌ· Ô˘ ‰ÚÔ˘Ó ˆ˜ ·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ Ì ÌÂ-Ù·Ù˘¯È·Îfi ‰›ÏˆÌ· ÛÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÚÒÙÔ Ù˘¯›Ô „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, Ô˘ ·fi ÙËÌÈ· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ¿‰ÂÈ· ·Û΋Ûˆ˜ ·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜, ·fi ÙËÓ ¿ÏÏË fï˜ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÌËÓ ¤¯Ô˘ÓÙËÓ Â·Ú΋ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË Ô˘ ··ÈÙ› Ë Âȉ›Î¢ÛË ÛÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·.∞ÓÙ›ÛÙÔȯ·, ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó ¿ÓıÚˆÔÈ Ì ·Ú΋ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË ÛÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, ¯ˆÚ›˜ÚÒÙÔ Ù˘¯›Ô „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, Î·È ¿Ú· ‰ÂÓ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ¿‰ÂÈ· ·Û΋Ûˆ˜ ·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ „˘-¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘, ‹ ¿ÏÏÔÈ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó Ù˘¯›Ô „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Î·È ¿‰ÂÈ·, Î·È ‰È·ı¤ÙÔ˘Ó ÌÂÙ·Ù˘-¯È·Îfi Ù›ÙÏÔ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ÛÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·. Δ¤ÙÔÈÔ˘ ›‰Ô˘˜ ÂÚÈÛÙ¿ÛÂȘԉËÁÔ‡Ó ÛÙËÓ ·Ó·ÁηÈfiÙËÙ· ÔÚÈÔı¤ÙËÛ˘ Ù˘ Ù·˘ÙfiÙËÙ·˜ ·˘ÙÒÓ ÙˆÓ ÂȉÈÎÔًوÓ.

(Á) ∏ ¤ÏÏÂÈ„Ë ÎÚÈÙËÚ›ˆÓ ÈÛÙÔÔ›ËÛ˘. ª›· ¿ÏÏË ÌÂÁ¿ÏË ·ÂÈÏ‹ Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ÙËÓÂͤÏÈÍË Î·È ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛË Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û¯ÂÙ›˙ÂÙ·ÈÌ ÙËÓ ¤ÏÏÂÈ„Ë ÎÚÈÙËÚ›ˆÓ ÈÛÙÔÔ›ËÛ˘ ÁÈ· ÙÔ˘˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜, ÁÂ-

∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 279

ÁÔÓfi˜ Ô˘ ¤¯ÂÈ Ô‰ËÁ‹ÛÂÈ Û ̛· ·ÚÔÁÚ·ÌÌ¿ÙÈÛÙË Î·È ·‰ÈηÈÔÏfiÁËÙË ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË,fiÔ˘ ‰È¿ÊÔÚÔÈ ÈÛ¯˘Ú›˙ÔÓÙ·È fiÙÈ Â›Ó·È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ Ì ·ÌÊÈÛ‚ËÙÔ‡-ÌÂÓÔ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎfi ˘fi‚·ıÚÔ. ÕÓıÚˆÔÈ ¯ˆÚ›˜ Ù· ··ÈÙÔ‡ÌÂÓ· ÚÔÛfiÓÙ· ‹ ÙËÓ Î·-Ù¿ÏÏËÏË Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋ ÂÌÂÈÚ›·, ÔÓÔÌ¿˙Ô˘Ó Â·˘ÙÔ‡˜ “Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘¯ÔÏfi-ÁÔ˘˜” ¯ˆÚ›˜ Ó· ˘Ê›ÛÙ·ÓÙ·È Î·Ì›· ·ڈÛË.

¶·Ú·ÙËÚÂ›Ù·È Â›Û˘ Û˘¯Ó¿ ÙÔ Ê·ÈÓfiÌÂÓÔ, ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì ηϤ˜ ÚÔı¤ÛÂȘ Î·È Î›ÓË-ÙÚÔ ÙË ‚Ô‹ıÂÈ· ÚÔ˜ ÙÔ Û˘Ó¿ÓıÚˆÔ, ¿ÙÔÌ· Ô˘ ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È Û ÊÈÏ·ÓıÚˆ-Èο ‹ ÌË ÎÂÚ‰ÔÛÎÔÈο ۈ̷Ù›·, Ó· ·Ó·Ï·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó Î·ı‹ÎÔÓÙ· Û˘Ì‚Ô‡ÏÔ˘. øÛÙfi-ÛÔ, Ë ÂÚÁ·Û›· Ô˘ ÚÔÛʤÚÔ˘Ó ÌÔÚ› Û ÙÂÏÈ΋ ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË Ó· ÌÂÈÒÓÂÈ ÛÙ· Ì¿ÙÈ· ÙÔ˘Â˘Ú¤Ô˜ ÎÔÈÓÔ‡ ÙËÓ ·ÍÈÔÈÛÙ›· Î·È ÙËÓ ÂÁ΢ÚfiÙËÙ· ÙˆÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ.

¢Â‰Ô̤ÓÔ˘ fiÙÈ Ë ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·, ˆ˜ Âȉ›Î¢ÛË, ‰Â Û˘ÌÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿-ÓÂÙ·È ·ÎfiÌË ÛÙËÓ Â›ÛËÌË Ù·ÍÈÓfiÌËÛË ÙˆÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ¿ÙˆÓ Ù˘ ∂™À∂ -∂ıÓÈ΋˜ ™Ù·-ÙÈÛÙÈ΋˜ ÀËÚÂÛ›·˜ (™Δ∂¶ – 92) Ô˘ ‚·Û›˙ÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ ·ÔÁÚ·Ê‹ ÙÔ˘ 2001, ÙÔ ÎÔÈ-Ófi ‰ÂÓ ÙË ÁÓˆÚ›˙ÂÈ Î·È ·˘Ùfi Ô‰ËÁ› Û ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· ·Ô‰Ô¯‹˜ Î·È ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛ‹˜ Ù˘.∂ÍÂȉÈÎÂ˘Ì¤Ó˜ ÚÔÛ¿ıÂȘ ÁÈ· ÙË ‰È·ÊÔÚÔÔ›ËÛË Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔ-Á›·˜ ·fi ÙËÓ ∫ÏÈÓÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ηıÒ˜ Î·È ·fi ÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Á›ÓÔÓÙ·È Û¯Â‰fiÓ·ÔÎÏÂÈÛÙÈο ·fi ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚ÎÔ‡˜ ‰·ÛοÏÔ˘˜.

ª∂§§√¡Δπ∫∞ ™Ã∂¢π∞

ªÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù·

™‹ÌÂÚ· fiÏÔÈ ÔÈ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ Î·È ÔÈ Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔÈ Ô˘ ÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È ÛÙËÓ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ·ÔÎÙ‹ÛÂÈ Ù· Ù˘¯›· ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙÔ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎfi ΢ڛˆ˜ ÛÂ Â˘Úˆ·˚Τ˜ ¯Ò-Ú˜, ÛÙÔÓ ∫·Ó·‰¿ Î·È ÛÙȘ ∏.¶.∞. À¿Ú¯ÂÈ ÌÂÁ¿ÏË ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ Û˘Ì-‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Î·È Ô ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Ù˘ ∂ÏÏË-ÓÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜ ÛÙԯ‡ÂÈ Ó· ÂÚÈÊÚÔ˘Ú‹ÛÂÈ ÙÔÓ ÙÔ̤· ·˘Ùfi, ηıÈÂ-ÚÒÓÔÓÙ·˜ ÚԉȷÁڷʤ˜ Î·È ÔÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·˜ ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈ· ÈÛÙÔÔ›ËÛ˘ Î·È ¿‰ÂÈ·˜ ·Û΋-Ûˆ˜ ÙÔ˘ ·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜. ∞˘Ù‹ ÙË ÛÙÈÁÌ‹, ¤¯Ô˘Ó ‹‰Ë ÂÁÎÚÈı› ·fi ÙÔ ÀÔ˘ÚÁ›Զ·È‰Â›·˜ Î·È ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó ‰‡Ô ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· Âȉ›Î¢Û˘ ÛÙË ™˘Ì-‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Î·È ÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, ÚÔÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘ Ó· Î·Ï˘Êı› Ì›· ›-ÁÔ˘Û· ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÚfiÔ‰Ô ÙÔ˘ ·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·. À¿Ú¯ÂÈ: (1) ÙÔ ¢È·-·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌÈ·Îfi, ¢È·ÙÌËÌ·ÙÈÎfi ¶ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· ªÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·ÎÒÓ ™Ô˘‰ÒÓ “™˘Ì‚Ô˘-Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Î·È ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙËÓ ∂η›‰Â˘ÛË, ÙËÓ ÀÁ›·, ÙËÓ ∂ÚÁ·Û›·”ÙÔ˘ ΔÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ∂η›‰Â˘Û˘ Î·È ∞ÁˆÁ‹˜ ÛÙËÓ ¶ÚÔÛ¯ÔÏÈ΋ ∏ÏÈΛ· ÙÔ˘ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙË-Ì›Ô˘ ∞ıËÓÒÓ ÛÂ Û˘ÓÂÚÁ·Û›· Ì ÙÔ ΔÌ‹Ì· ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ¢ÈÔ›ÎËÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ ¢ËÌÔÎÚ›ÙÂÈ-Ô˘ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›Ô˘ £Ú¿Î˘ Î·È (2) ÙÔ ¶ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· ªÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·ÎÒÓ ™Ô˘‰ÒÓ “™˘Ì-

280 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙËÓ ∂ȉÈ΋ ∞ÁˆÁ‹, ÙËÓ ∂η›‰Â˘ÛË Î·È ÙËÓ ÀÁ›·” ÙÔ˘ ΔÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ∂È-‰È΋˜ ∞ÁˆÁ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›Ô˘ £ÂÛÛ·Ï›·˜. Δ· Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ӷ ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔ-ÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ‰›ÓÔ˘Ó ¤ÌÊ·ÛË ÛÙËÓ ÂÓۈ̿وÛË Ù˘ ıˆڛ·˜, Ù˘ ÚÔÛˆÈ΋˜ıÂڷ›·˜, Ù˘ Ú·ÎÙÈ΋˜ ¿ÛÎËÛ˘ Î·È Ù˘ ÂÔÙ›·˜ ÛÙÔ Ï·›ÛÈÔ Ù˘ Âη›‰Â˘Û˘.∞Í›˙ÂÈ Ó· ÛËÌÂȈı› fiÙÈ Ù· ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ·ÚÎÂÙ¿ ÂÏÏËÓÈο ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ· ¤¯Ô˘ÓÚÔÎËÚ‡ÍÂÈ ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚Τ˜ ı¤ÛÂȘ ÛÙÔ ÁÓˆÛÙÈÎfi ·ÓÙÈΛÌÂÓÔ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘-¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, Ì›· ¤Ó‰ÂÈÍË fiÙÈ ÙÔ ÎÚ¿ÙÔ˜ ·Ú¯›˙ÂÈ Ó· Û˘ÓÂȉËÙÔÔÈ› ÙËÓ ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÙÔ˘ÂÊ·ÚÌÔṲ̂ÓÔ˘ ·˘ÙÔ‡ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˘ Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÁÈ· ÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜.

™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ

Δ·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔÓ·, ¤Ó·˜ Ó¤Ô˜ ÓfiÌÔ˜ Ô˘ „ËÊ›ÛÙËΠÚfiÛÊ·Ù· ·fi ÙË μÔ˘Ï‹ (3549/20-3-2007, ¿ÚıÚÔ 12), ÔÚ›˙ÂÈ ÌÂٷ͇ ¿ÏψÓ, fiÙÈ “Û οı ΔÌ‹Ì· ÚԂϤÂÙ·È ·fi ÙÔÓ∂ÛˆÙÂÚÈÎfi ∫·ÓÔÓÈÛÌfi ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›·˜ ÙÔ˘ ÔÈΛԢ ∞∂π, Ë Û‡ÛÙ·ÛË Î·È ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ˘Ë-ÚÂÛ›·˜ ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ Î·È ÛÔ˘‰·ÛÙÒÓ Ì ÛÎÔfi ÙËÓ ·ÚÔ¯‹ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢-ÙÈÎÒÓ ˘ËÚÂÛÈÒÓ ÚÔ˜ ·˘ÙÔ‡˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÔÌ·Ï‹ ÌÂÙ¿‚·ÛË ·fi ÙË ‰Â˘ÙÂÚÔ‚¿ıÌÈ· ÛÙËÓÙÚÈÙÔ‚¿ıÌÈ· Âη›‰Â˘ÛË, ÙËÓ ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ Î·È ÛÔ˘‰·ÛÙÒÓ Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›·‹ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ Î·È ÛÔ˘‰·ÛÙÒÓ Ô˘ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›˙Ô˘Ó ‰˘ÛÎÔϛ˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÂÈÙ˘¯‹ ·Ô-ÂÚ¿ÙˆÛË ÙˆÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ÙÔ˘˜”. ∂› ÙÔ˘ ·ÚfiÓÙÔ˜, ·fi Ù· 22 ∞.∂.π. ÌfiÓÔ ÛÙ· 10 ÏÂÈ-ÙÔ˘ÚÁ› ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎfi ∫¤ÓÙÚÔ ÁÈ· ºÔÈÙËÙ¤˜, ÔÚÈṲ̂ӷ ÛÂ Â›Â‰Ô ΔÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ηȿÏÏ· ÛÂ Â›Â‰Ô π‰Ú‡Ì·ÙÔ˜. ∫·Ó¤Ó· ·fi ·˘Ù¿ ‰ÂÓ ¤¯ÂÈ Â·ÚΤ˜ ÚÔÛˆÈÎfi ÏfiÁˆ·Ó·ÚÎÔ‡˜ ¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰fiÙËÛ˘.

™ÙÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ, Ô˘ Â›Ó·È ÙÔ ·Ï·ÈfiÙÂÚÔ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Î·È ‰ÈÂıÓÒ˜ÙÔ Ï¤ÔÓ ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚÈṲ̂ÓÔ fiψÓ, ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ ·˘Ù‹ ÙË ÛÙÈÁÌ‹ ÌfiÓÔ ¤Ó· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎfi∫¤ÓÙÚÔ ÁÈ· ÙÔ˘˜ ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜, Ô˘ ÛÙÂϯÒÓÂÙ·È ·fi ÌÈ· ÎÏÈÓÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ Ï‹ÚÔ˘˜··Û¯fiÏËÛ˘ Î·È ÌÈ· ÁÚ·ÌÌ·Ù¤· ÁÈ· Ó· Î·Ï˘ÊıÔ‡Ó ÔÈ ·Ó¿ÁΘ ÂÚ›Ô˘ 117.000ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ. ∏ ‰ÈÔ›ÎËÛË ÙÔ˘ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›Ô˘ ÈÛ¯˘Ú›˙ÂÙ·È fiÙÈ ‰ÂÓ ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ Â·Ú΋˜ ÎÚ·-ÙÈ΋ ¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰fiÙËÛË ÒÛÙ ӷ ÚÔÛÏËÊıÔ‡Ó Î·È ¿ÏÏÔÈ Â·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›-·˜. ¶ÚÔÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘ Ó· ‚ÔËı‹ÛÔ˘Ó Î·Ù¿ ¤Ó· ̤ÚÔ˜ ÛÙËÓ Î¿Ï˘„Ë ÙˆÓ ÊÔÈÙËÙÈÎÒÓ ·Ó·-ÁÎÒÓ, ÔÈ ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·ÎÔ› ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜ ÙÔ˘ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·ÙÔ˜ Ù˘ ÎÏÈÓÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Ú·Á-Ì·ÙÔÔÈÔ‡Ó Ì¤ÚÔ˜ Ù˘ Ú·ÎÙÈ΋˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ¿ÛÎËÛ˘ ÛÙÔ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎfi ∫¤ÓÙÚÔ. ¶Úfi-ÛÊ·Ù· (·fi ÙÔ 2007) ¿Ú¯ÈÛ ӷ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ› Î·È “ªÔÓ¿‰· ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ¶·Ú¤Ì‚·Û˘”ÛÙÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË ÙˆÓ „˘¯ÔÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎÒÓ ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿-ÙˆÓ ÙˆÓ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ Î·È ÙˆÓ ÂÚÁ·˙ÔÌ¤ÓˆÓ ÙÔ˘ π‰Ú‡Ì·ÙÔ˜, ˘fi ÙËÓ ÂÔÙ›· Ù˘ ∞’æ˘¯È·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ∫ÏÈÓÈ΋˜ ÙÔ˘ ∞ÈÁÈÓ‹ÙÂÈÔ˘ ¡ÔÛÔÎÔÌ›Ԣ. ™ÙÂϯÒÓÂÙ·È ·fi „˘¯›·ÙÚÔ,„˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ Î·È ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁfi, ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ› ‰‡Ô ÊÔÚ¤˜ ÙËÓ Â‚‰ÔÌ¿‰· Û ‰‡Ô ‰È·-ÊÔÚÂÙÈο ÁÚ·Ê›·, ¤Ó· ÛÙËÓ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌÈÔ‡ÔÏË Î·È ¤Ó· ÛÙË ºÔÈÙËÙÈ΋ §¤Û¯Ë, ÛÙÔΤÓÙÚÔ Ù˘ ∞ı‹Ó·˜. ™ÙÔ ∫¤ÓÙÚÔ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ÀÔÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢ ÙÔ˘

∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 281

∞.¶.£. ÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È ‰‡Ô ·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ Ì ÌfiÓÈÌË Ï¤ÔÓ Û¯¤ÛË ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜Î·È ¤Ó· ¿ÙÔÌÔ Ì ȉȈÙÈ΋ ۇ̂·ÛË. ΔÔ ∫¤ÓÙÚÔ Â͢ËÚÂÙ› ÙÔ Û‡ÓÔÏÔ ÙˆÓ ÊÔÈÙË-ÙÒÓ/ÙÚÈÒÓ ÙÔ˘ π‰Ú‡Ì·ÙÔ˜ Î·È ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ› ‰‡Ô Ë̤Ú˜ Ù· ÚˆÈÓ¿ Î·È ÙÚÂȘ Ë̤Ú˜ٷ ·ÔÁ‡̷ٷ.

∂Ï›˙Ô˘Ì fiÙÈ Ë Ó¤· ÓÔÌÔıÂÙÈ΋ Ú‡ıÌÈÛË ı· ·ÓÔ›ÍÂÈ ÙȘ ‡Ï˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ›‰Ú˘ÛË Â-ÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚˆÓ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ ∫¤ÓÙÚˆÓ Ì ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔ˘˜ ·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜, ÒÛÙÂ Ó·Î·Ï˘ÊıÔ‡Ó fiÛÔ ÙÔ ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÓ ÏËÚ¤ÛÙÂÚ· ÔÈ ·Ó¿ÁΘ ÙÔ˘ ÊÔÈÙËÙÈÎÔ‡ ÏËı˘ÛÌÔ‡.

™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙËÓ ÚˆÙÔ‚¿ıÌÈ· Î·È ‰Â˘ÙÂÚÔ‚¿ıÌÈ· Âη›‰Â˘ÛË

ΔÔ ÀÔ˘ÚÁÂ›Ô ¶·È‰Â›·˜ ÚÔÛ·ı› ÙÔÓ ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›Ô ηÈÚfi Ó· ÚÔˆı‹ÛÂÈ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘-Ï¢ÙÈο ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ÚfiÏ˄˘ ÛÙËÓ ÚˆÙÔ‚¿ıÌÈ· Î·È ‰Â˘ÙÂÚÔ‚¿ıÌÈ· Âη›‰Â˘-ÛË. ∞˘Ù‹ ÙË ÛÙÈÁÌ‹ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó ‰Âη¤ÓÙ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› ™Ù·ıÌÔ› ¡¤ˆÓ (™.™.¡.)·fi ÙÔ˘˜ 60 Ô˘ ÚԂϤÔÓÙ·È ÁÈ· fiÏË ÙËÓ ÂÈÎÚ¿ÙÂÈ·. √È ‰Âη¤ÓÙ Ԣ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘Ú-ÁÔ‡Ó Û‹ÌÂÚ·, ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÛÙÂϯˆı› ·ÓÙ›ÛÙÔȯ· Ì ‰Âη¤ÓÙ ·ÔÛ·Ṳ̂ÓÔ˘˜ ÂηÈ-‰Â˘ÙÈÎÔ‡˜. ∂ÈÚÔÛı¤Ùˆ˜, ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÛÙÂϯˆı› Î·È Ì ·ÔÛ·Ṳ̂ÓÔ˘˜ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈ-ÎÔ‡˜, ÔÈ ÔÔ›ÔÈ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÂÍÂȉÈÎÂ˘Ì¤Ó˜ ÛÔ˘‰¤˜ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ÙÔÌ›˜ Ù˘ ·È‰Ô„˘¯È·ÙÚÈ΋˜,Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, Î·È Ù˘ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜, ˆ˜ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi ÚÔÛˆÈÎfi Ô˘Ï·ÈÛÈÒÓÂÈ ÙÔ˘˜ ™.™.¡. ø˜ ‚·ÛÈÎÔ› ÛÙfi¯ÔÈ ÙˆÓ ™.™.¡. ÔÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·È: (·) Ë ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹Î·È ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ›· ÚÔÁÚ·ÌÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÚfiÏ˄˘ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ ÛÙ· Û¯ÔÏ›·, ÚfiÏ˄˘ӷÚΈÙÈÎÒÓ Î·È ÂÍ·ÚÙËÛÈÔÁfiÓˆÓ Ô˘ÛÈÒÓ, (‚) Ë ·ÍÈÔÏfiÁËÛË Î·È ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË Ì·-ıËÛÈ·ÎÒÓ ‰˘ÛÎÔÏÈÒÓ ·È‰ÈÒÓ Î·È ÂÊ‹‚ˆÓ, Î·È (Á) Ë ·ÚÔ¯‹ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ·Ùfi-̈Ó, ÁÔÓ¤ˆÓ, ÔÈÎÔÁÂÓÂÈÒÓ Û ÎÚ›ÛË, ÁÔÓ¤ˆÓ ·È‰ÈÒÓ Ì ÂȉÈΤ˜ ·Ó¿ÁΘ, ÂηÈ-‰Â˘ÙÈÎÒÓ Î.¿. °È· οı ™.™.¡. ÚԂϤÔÓÙ·È ÔÚÁ·ÓÈΤ˜ ı¤ÛÂȘ ÁÈ· ¤Ó·Ó ÁÈ·ÙÚfi(·È‰Ô„˘¯›·ÙÚÔ ‹ „˘¯›·ÙÚÔ), ‰‡Ô „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜, Î·È ‰‡Ô ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎÔ‡˜ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡˜(Ù˘¯ÈÔ‡¯Ô˘˜ ÙÔ˘ ΔÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ¢ÈÔ›ÎËÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ ¢ËÌÔÎÚ›ÙÂÈÔ˘ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙË-Ì›Ô˘ £Ú¿Î˘ Î·È ™¯ÔÏÒÓ ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ∂ÚÁ·Û›·˜).

∂›Û˘, ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó ÌÂÚÈο ηϿ ‰ËÌfiÛÈ· Î·È È‰ÈˆÙÈο Û¯ÔÏ›· Ô˘ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡ÓÛˆÛÙ¿ Î·È ·ÔÙÂÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈο Ù· ‰Èο ÙÔ˘˜ ∫¤ÓÙÚ· ∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡Î·È ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜, Ì ÛÙÂϤ¯ˆÛË ·fi ÎÏÈÓÈÎÔ‡˜, ·Ó·Ù˘ÍÈ·ÎÔ‡˜ Î·È Û¯ÔÏÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘-¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜. √ ÌÂÏÏÔÓÙÈÎfi˜ ÛÙfi¯Ô˜ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÂÛÙÈ·ÛÙ› ÛÙËÓ ÔÚı‹ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· fiψÓÙˆÓ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ ™Ù·ıÌÒÓ ¡¤ˆÓ Ô˘ ÚԂϤÂÈ ÙÔ À¶.∂.¶.£., ηıÒ˜ Î·È ÛÙËÓÂÓۈ̿وÛË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ ∫¤ÓÙÚˆÓ Û fiÏ· Ù· ‰ËÌfiÛÈ· Û¯ÔÏ›· Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜.

™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· Û ‰‹ÌÔ˘˜ Î·È ÎÔÈÓfiÙËÙ˜

∞ÚÎÂÙÔ› ‰‹ÌÔÈ Î·È ÎÔÈÓfiÙËÙ˜ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ıÂÛ›ÛÂÈ Ù· ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ¯ÚfiÓÈ· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈοΤÓÙÚ· Ì ÛÎÔfi ÙËÓ ÚÔ¿ÛÈÛË Î·È ‚ÂÏÙ›ˆÛË Ù˘ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ ÙˆÓ Î·ÙÔ›ÎˆÓ ÙˆÓ

282 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

‰‹ÌˆÓ, ̤۷ ·fi ÙËÓ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿ÙˆÓ Î·È ÙËÓ ·ÚÔ¯‹ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ÛÙ‹-ÚÈÍ‹˜ ÙÔ˘˜. ∂Ê·ÚÌfi˙Ô˘Ó ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ÚfiÏ˄˘, ·ÍÈÔÏfiÁËÛ˘, ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ¤ÓÙ·-͢ ÌÂÈÔÓÔÙÈÎÒÓ ÔÌ¿‰ˆÓ, ηıÒ˜ Î·È „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Û ·È‰È¿, ÂÊ‹-‚Ô˘˜, ÁÔÓ›˜, ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎÔ‡˜, ËÏÈÎȈ̤ÓÔ˘˜, Î·È ¿ÏϘ ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ˜ ÔÌ¿‰Â˜. ªÂÏÏÔ-ÓÙÈο, Ë Î‡ÚÈ· ̤ÚÈÌÓ· ÙˆÓ ‰‹ÌˆÓ Î·È ÎÔÈÓÔÙ‹ÙˆÓ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ıÂÛ›ÛÂÈ ·ÚfiÌÔÈ·ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Â›Ó·È Ë ÛÙÂϤ¯ˆÛ‹ ÙÔ˘˜ Ì ηٿÏÏËÏÔ Î·È Â·ÚΤ˜ ÂÈ-ÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi ÚÔÛˆÈÎfi, ηıÒ˜ Î·È Ë ·ÓÙ·fiÎÚÈÛ‹ ÙÔ˘˜ Û fiÛÔ ÙÔ ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÓ ÂÚÈÛ-ÛfiÙÂÚ· ·ÈÙ‹Ì·Ù· ÙˆÓ ‰ËÌÔÙÒÓ ÙÔ˘˜. ∂›Û˘, ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Î·È ÔÈ ˘fiÏÔÈÔÈ ÊÔÚ›˜ Ù˘ÙÔÈ΋˜ ·˘ÙÔ‰ÈÔ›ÎËÛ˘ Ó· ‰ÚÔÌÔÏÔÁ‹ÛÔ˘Ó ÙË ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ›· ·ÚfiÌÔÈˆÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ-ÎÒÓ Î¤ÓÙÚˆÓ.

™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈΤ˜ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ ·Ú¤¯ÔÓÙ·È, ›Û˘, Â‰Ò Î·È Î¿ÔÈ· ¯ÚfiÓÈ· Ì ·Ú-ÎÂÙ‹ ÂÈÙ˘¯›·, ̤ۈ ÙˆÓ ™¯ÔÏÒÓ °ÔÓ¤ˆÓ Ô˘ ¤¯ÂÈ ıÂÛ›ÛÂÈ ÙÔ πÓÛÙÈÙÔ‡ÙÔ ¢È·ÚÎÔ‡˜∂η›‰Â˘Û˘ ∂ÓËÏ›ÎˆÓ (π.¢∂.∫.∂.), Ù˘ °ÂÓÈ΋˜ °Ú·ÌÌ·Ù›·˜ ∂η›‰Â˘Û˘ ∂ÓË-Ï›ÎˆÓ ÙÔ˘ ÀÔ˘ÚÁ›Ԣ ¶·È‰Â›·˜, Û fiÏ· Ù· ÁˆÁÚ·ÊÈο ‰È·ÌÂÚ›ÛÌ·Ù· Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜.∂Âȉ‹ Ù· ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· ·˘Ù¿ Û˘Á¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰ÔÙÔ‡ÓÙ·È ·fi ÙÔ ∂˘Úˆ·˚Îfi ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈÎfiΔ·Ì›Ô, ÙÔ ÎÚ¿ÙÔ˜ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÌÂÚÈÌÓ‹ÛÂÈ ÁÈ· ÙË Û˘Ó¤¯ÈÛ‹ ÙÔ˘˜ Î·È ÌÂÙ¿ ÙÔ ¤Ú·˜Ù˘ ¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰fiÙËÛ˘.

™˘Ó¯‹˜ Âη›‰Â˘ÛË Î·È Î·Ù¿ÚÙÈÛË

¢˘Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ˜ ÁÈ· Û˘Ó¯È˙fiÌÂÓË Âη›‰Â˘ÛË Î·È Î·Ù¿ÚÙÈÛË ÙˆÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘-¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ·Ú¤¯ÔÓÙ·È ·˘Ù‹ ÙË ÛÙÈÁÌ‹ ̤ۈ ËÌÂÚ›‰ˆÓ, ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎÒÓÛÂÌÈÓ·Ú›ˆÓ, Û˘Ó‰ڛˆÓ, Î·È ¿ÏÏˆÓ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎÒÓ ÚÔÁÚ·ÌÌ¿ÙˆÓ Ô˘ ÔÚÁ·ÓÒÓÔ˘ÓÙ· ̤ÏË ÙÔ˘ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Ù˘ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜, ȉȈÙÈο ÎÔϤÁÈ· Î·È Î¤ÓÙÚ· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Âη›‰Â˘Û˘, ηıÒ˜ ηÈÔÚÁ·ÓÒÛÂȘ Î·È ÙÌ‹Ì·Ù· ·ÓıÚÒÈÓÔ˘ ‰˘Ó·ÌÈÎÔ‡ ÂÙ·ÈÚÈÒÓ Ô˘ ·Ú¤¯Ô˘Ó ÌÂÙ·Ù˘-¯È·Î¿ ‰ÈÏÒÌ·Ù· Î·È ‚‚·ÈÒÛÂȘ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ÛÂ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ÓÔ˘˜ ÙÔÌ›˜ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘-Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜. ŸÏ· ·˘Ù¿ Ù· ΤÓÙÚ· ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È Î·Ù¿ ηÓfiÓ· ÂÈۋ̈˜ ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚÈṲ̂ÓÔÈÊÔÚ›˜. √È ÌÂÏÏÔÓÙÈΤ˜ Ì·˜ ÚÔÛ¿ıÂȘ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ηÙ¢ı˘ÓıÔ‡Ó ÚÔ˜ ÙËÓ ·-ÚÔ¯‹ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎÒÓ ÚÔÁÚ·ÌÌ¿ÙˆÓ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ˆ˜ ̤ÚÔ˜ ÙˆÓÚÔÁÚ·ÌÌ¿ÙˆÓ ‰È¿ ‚›Ô˘ Ì¿ıËÛ˘ Î·È Âη›‰Â˘Û˘ ÂÓËÏ›ÎˆÓ ÙˆÓ ÎÚ·ÙÈÎÒÓ ·ÓÂ-ÈÛÙËÌ›ˆÓ ηıÒ˜ Î·È ¿ÏÏˆÓ Â›ÛËÌ· ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚÈÛÌ¤ÓˆÓ ÊÔÚ¤ˆÓ.

™Àª¶∂ƒ∞™ª∞Δπ∫∞ ™Ã√§π∞

∏ ·ÚÔ‡Û· ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË SWOT ηٷ‰ÂÈÎÓ‡ÂÈ fiÙÈ, ·ÚfiÙÈ Ë ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ ˆ˜ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi˜ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜ Î·È ˆ˜ ¿ÁÁÂÏÌ·, ‰ÂÓ ¤¯ÂÈ ·ÎfiÌË ÂÈۋ̈˜ ·Ó·-

∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 283

ÁÓˆÚÈÛÙ› ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·, ÂÊfiÛÔÓ Ì¤¯ÚÈ ÚfiÛÊ·Ù· ÙÔ˘Ï¿¯ÈÛÙÔÓ ‰ÂÓ ˘‹Ú¯·Ó Ô‡Ù›ÛËÌ· ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈο ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù·, Ô‡Ù ÎÚ·ÙÈΤ˜ Ú˘ıÌ›ÛÂȘ Î·È ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈ· ÈÛÙÔ-Ô›ËÛ˘.

√È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ Ô˘ ·ÛÎÔ‡Ó ÎÏÈÓÈÎfi ¤ÚÁÔ, Ô˘ ‰È‰¿ÛÎÔ˘Ó ‹ ·Û¯Ô-ÏÔ‡ÓÙ·È Ì ÙËÓ ¤Ú¢ӷ, ·˘Í¿ÓÔÓÙ·È ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜ Û˘Ó¯Ҙ Î·È ·Ô‰ÂÈÎÓ‡Ô˘Ó ÙȘÈηÓfiÙËÙ˜ Î·È ÙËÓ Â¿ÚÎÂÈ¿ ÙÔ˘˜. ∂ÓÙÔ‡ÙÔȘ, ÁÈ· Ó· ÌÔÚ¤ÛÔ˘Ó Ó· ·Ô‰Â›ÍÔ˘Ó Â›Ù˘ Ô˘Û›·˜ ÙËÓ ˘Â˘ı˘ÓfiÙËÙ· ÙÔ˘˜, ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ·ÎÔÏÔ˘ı‹ÛÔ˘Ó ÙÔ ÌÔÓÙ¤ÏÔ ÙÔ˘ ÂÈ-ÛÙ‹ÌÔÓ·-·ÁÁÂÏÌ·Ù›·, ˘ÔÛÙËÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·˜ ÙË ıˆڛ· ÙÔ˘˜ Ì ¤Ú¢Ó˜ Î·È ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔ-ÔÈÒÓÙ·˜ ÏËÚÔÊÔڛ˜ ·fi ÙÔ ÎÏÈÓÈÎfi ¤ÚÁÔ ÁÈ· Ó· ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ‹ÛÔ˘Ó Ó¤Â˜ ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈ-Τ˜ ˘Ôı¤ÛÂȘ (Myers, 2007. Shapiro, 2002). À„ËÏ¿ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈο Î·È Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·-ÙÈο ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈ· ı· ‰È·Ê˘Ï¿ÍÔ˘Ó ÙËÓ ·ÔÙÂÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈÎfiÙËÙ· Î·È ÙËÓ ·ÍÈÔÈÛÙ›· Ù˘ ÂÈ-‰›Î¢Û˘ ·˘Ù‹˜. ∞˘Ùfi Â›Ó·È ÙÔ ÚÒÙÔ Î·È ıÂÌÂÏÈ҉˜ ‚‹Ì· ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÂÓ‰˘Ó¿ÌˆÛË Ù˘·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ ı¤Û˘ ÙÔ˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ‡ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘, ¤ÙÛÈ ÒÛÙ ӷ ·ÔÎÙ‹ÛÂÈÙÔ Â¿ÁÁÂÏÌ· ÙËÓ ··Ú·›ÙËÙË ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ Î·È ÓÔÌÈ΋ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛË.

∫·Ù¿ Û˘Ó¤ÂÈ·, ¤Ó· ·fi Ù· ϤÔÓ Â›ÁÔÓÙ· ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù· ·˘Ù‹ ÙË ÛÙÈÁÌ‹ Â›Ó·È Ù·ÈÛÙÔÔÈË̤ӷ ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù·, Ù· ÔÔ›· ÍÂΛÓËÛ·Ó ÚfiÛÊ·Ù·, ηıÒ˜Î·È ÈÛÙÔÔÈË̤ӷ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· Âη›‰Â˘Û˘ Î·È Î·Ù¿ÚÙÈÛ˘ ÛÙȘ ‰ÂÍÈfiÙËÙ˜ ηÈÙ¯ÓÈΤ˜ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. ∫·Ù’ ·˘Ùfi ÙÔÓ ÙÚfiÔ ÔÈ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ›„˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ ı· Ï¿‚Ô˘Ó ÂÍÂȉÈÎÂ˘Ì¤ÓË Âη›‰Â˘ÛË Û ıˆڛ·, ¤Ú¢ӷ, ÚfiÏË„Ë, ·-ڤ̂·ÛË, ·ÍÈÔÏfiÁËÛË, Î·È Û ı¤Ì·Ù· ‰ÂÔÓÙÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Î·È ËıÈ΋˜, ÒÛÙ ӷ Â›Ó·È fiÛÔÙÔ ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÓ Î·Ï‡ÙÂÚ· ÚÔÂÙÔÈÌ·Ṳ̂ÓÔÈ Ó· ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›ÛÔ˘Ó ÙȘ ÚÔÎÏ‹ÛÂȘ Ô˘ ÂÌ-Ê·Ó›˙ÔÓÙ·È ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜ Î·È Ù·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔÓ· Ó· ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ÏÔÁÔ‰ÔÙ‹ÛÔ˘Ó ÁÈ· ÙȘ Ú¿-ÍÂȘ ÙÔ˘˜. ª›· ÛˆÛÙ¿ ‰ÔÌË̤ÓË Âη›‰Â˘ÛË ·ÔÙÂÏ› ÙÔ ıÂ̤ÏÈÔ Ï›ıÔ ÁÈ· ·ÔÙÂ-ÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈ΋ Î·È ‰ÂÔÓÙÔÏÔÁÈ΋ ¿ÛÎËÛË ÙÔ˘ ·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘-¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. ∂ȉÈÎfiÙÂÚ· ÛÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È Û fiÏÔ˘˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ÎÏ¿-‰Ô˘˜ Ù˘ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔṲ̂Ó˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, οı ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Îfi ‰›ÏˆÌ· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Û˘-Óԉ‡ÂÙ·È ·fi ÙËÓ Î·Ù¿ÏÏËÏË Ú·ÎÙÈ΋ ¿ÛÎËÛË Î·È ÂÔÙ›·. ∏ ¿‰ÂÈ· ¿ÛÎËÛ˘·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ Î·È Ë ÈÛÙÔÔ›ËÛË ·fi ·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ Û˘ÏÏfiÁÔ˘˜ ı· ηıÔÚ›ÛÂÈηχÙÂÚ· ÙËÓ Ù·˘ÙfiÙËÙ· ÙˆÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ. ¶Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Á›ÓÔ˘Ó ÔÈ Î·-Ù¿ÏÏËϘ ÂÓ¤ÚÁÂȘ ÒÛÙ ӷ ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁËıÔ‡Ó ı¤ÛÂȘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ ÛÙ·Û¯ÔÏ›·, Û ∞ÓÒٷٷ ∂Î·È‰Â˘ÙÈο π‰Ú‡Ì·Ù·, Û ΤÓÙÚ· „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ Î·È Û ¿Ï-ÏÔ˘˜ ÔÚÁ·ÓÈÛÌÔ‡˜ Î·È ‰ËÌfiÛÈÔ˘˜ ÊÔÚ›˜.

∂ÈϤÔÓ, ÔÚÁ·ÓˆÌ¤Ó˜ ÚÔÛ¿ıÂȘ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Á›ÓÔ˘Ó ÁÈ· ÛÙÂÓ¤˜ Î·È Ô˘ÛÈ·-ÛÙÈΤ˜ Û˘ÓÂÚÁ·Û›Â˜ ÛÂ Â˘Úˆ·˚Îfi Î·È ‰ÈÂıÓ¤˜ ›‰Ô, Û˘ÓÂÚÁ·Û›Â˜ Ô˘ ı· ·Ó·-Ì›ÍÔ˘Ó ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈο ÛÙÔȯ›· Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜ ηٷÁˆÁ‹˜ Î·È Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜ Âη›‰Â˘Û˘ ÙˆÓÛ˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ, Ì ÙËÓ ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚΋ ÁÓÒÛË, ÙËÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋ ÂÌÂÈ-Ú›· Î·È ÙȘ ÓÂ˘Ì·ÙÈΤ˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ÂÔÈı‹ÛÂȘ.

™ÙË ÛËÌÂÚÈÓ‹ ·ÁÎfiÛÌÈ· ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· Ù˘ ÔÏ˘ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈÎfiÙËÙ·˜ Î·È Ù˘ ÏËı˘-

284 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

ÛÌȷ΋˜ ÎÈÓËÙÈÎfiÙËÙ·˜, ÙfiÛÔ Ô Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔ˜ „˘¯ÔıÂÚ·Â˘Ù‹˜, fiÛÔ Î·È Ô Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔ˜ÂÚ¢ÓËÙ‹˜, ÂÍÂÏ›ÛÛÔÓÙ·È Û˘Ó¯Ҙ ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈο Î·È ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›˙Ô˘Ó ÙËÓ ÚfiÎÏËÛËÙ˘ ÂÓۈ̿وÛ˘ ÌÈ·˜ ÔÈÎÈÏ›·˜ ·fi„ÂˆÓ Î·È ıˆڋÛÂˆÓ ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ ÎfiÛÌÔ Î·È ÂÓfi˜Â·Ó·ÚÔÛ‰ÈÔÚÈÛÌÔ‡ ÙfiÛÔ ÙˆÓ ·ÍÈÒÓ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÎÏËÚÔÓÔÌ‹ÛÂÈ fiÛÔ Î·È ÙˆÓ Ó¤ˆÓ·ÍÈÒÓ Ô˘ ·Ó·‰‡ÔÓÙ·È. ∫·Ù¿ Û˘Ó¤ÂÈ·, Ë ÂÛÙ›·ÛË Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ï¤ÔÓ Ó· ÛÙԯ‡ÂÈ Û ÌÔÓ٤Ϸ ηٿÚÙÈÛ˘ Î·È Û ËıÈÎÔ‡˜Î·È ‰ÂÔÓÙÔÏÔÁÈÎÔ‡˜ ηÓfiÓ˜ Ô˘ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÙÚÔÔÔÈËıÔ‡Ó ÁÈ· Ó· ·ÓÙ·ÔÎÚÈ-ıÔ‡Ó ÛÙȘ ·Ó¿ÁΘ Ù˘ ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·˜ Î·È ÙÔ˘ ÂÏÏËÓÈÎÔ‡ ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÔ‡, Ì ÙÂÏÈ-Îfi ÛÙfi¯Ô Ó· ·ÓÙ·ÔÎÚÈı› ÛÙȘ ÂÈÙ·Á¤˜ ÂÓfi˜ ÎfiÛÌÔ˘ Ô˘ Û˘Ó¯Ҙ ÌÂÙ·‚¿ÏÏÂÙ·È.

μπμ§π√°ƒ∞ºπ∞

¢ËÌËÙÚfiÔ˘ÏÔ˜, ∂. (1992). ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·. ∏ ıˆڛ· Ù˘, ËÚ¿ÍË Ù˘, ÔÈ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ¤˜ Ù˘. ∞ı‹Ó·: ∂ΉfiÛÂȘ °ÚËÁfiÚË.

¢ËÌËÙÚfiÔ˘ÏÔ˜, ∂. (1994). ™¯ÔÏÈÎfi˜ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎfi˜ Î·È Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi˜ ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi˜Î·È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋. ∞ı‹Ó·: °ÚËÁfiÚ˘.

∂˘ÛÙ·ı›Ô˘, °. (2000). æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈΤ˜ ·Ó¿ÁΘ, ÛÙ¿ÛÂȘ Î·È ÚÔÛ‰Ô˘ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ Û¯ÂÙÈο ÌÂÙË ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ‡ ∫¤ÓÙÚÔ˘ ºÔÈÙËÙÒÓ. ∞‰ËÌÔÛ›Â˘ÙË ‰Èψ̷ÙÈ΋ ÂÚÁ·Û›·,ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Îfi ¶ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· ∫ÏÈÓÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, ∂ıÓÈÎfi ∫·Ô‰ÈÛÙÚÈ·Îfi ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹-ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ.

∂˘ÛÙ·ı›Ô˘, °. (2006). æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ ÙËÏÂÛ˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ̤ۈ Ó¤ˆÓ Ù¯ÓÔÏÔÁÈÒÓ: ŒÓ· Úfi-ÁÚ·ÌÌ· ·Ú¤Ì‚·Û˘. ∞‰ËÌÔÛ›Â˘ÙË ‰È‰·ÎÙÔÚÈ΋ ‰È·ÙÚÈ‚‹, ¶ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜,∂ıÓÈÎfi ∫·Ô‰ÈÛÙÚÈ·Îfi ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ.

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∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 287

COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY IN TODAY’SGREECE

Maria Malikiosi-LoizosNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece

Abstract: In this article the current status and future directions for counselling psychology inGreece are discussed. Specifically, the article is based on SWOT analysis, focusing on topicssuch as the identity of counselling psychology in Greece, its strengths and weaknesses,opportunities for development, objectives and strategies for its advancement. Beginning witha brief history of the development of counselling psychology in Greece, the article proceedsby identifying its strengths, which include a rapid growth of professional and research activity,and an increasing demand for specialized graduate education as well as counselling services.Weaknesses include the small recognition counselling psychology has as a specialty ofpsychology, compared to clinical psychology, as well as the lack of a clear professionalidentity. Opportunities concentrate around the possibility offered by the newly startedgraduate programs in counselling psychology to prepare qualified professionals, as well asaround the possibility to incorporate counselling psychology services not only in mentalhealth agencies but also in many other education and employment organizations. Steps likethat will clarify to the general public what exactly is counselling psychology and willcontribute to its recognition and acceptance as a separate specialty of psychology. One of themajor threats but also challenges facing counselling psychology in Greece has to do withthose who, without appropriate qualifications or professional experience, identify themselvesas counselling psychologists without experiencing any impunity.

Key words: Counselling psychology, SWOT analysis

Address: Maria Malikiosi-Loizos, Faculty of Early Childhood Education, National andKapodistrian University of Athens, Navarinou 13a, 106 80 Athens, Greece. Phone: +30-210-3688533. E-mail: mmalik@ecd.uoa.gr

288 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘