2 8 20 ..2555

8 20 2555

13-169-12 17-19

..

Water Footprint

4-8 (Carbon Footprint)

20-21 22-24 25-27

!

- :

28-30 31-32 33-36

Eco-Design

:

2 8 20 ..2555

3333

: 12120 0-25774182-9 1102 0-2577-1138 : . : : : 0-2557-4182-9 1102,1121,1125 ; 0-2577-1138 www.deqp.go.th/website/20/

Footprint Carbon Footprint Water Footprint Energy Footprint Environmental Footprint Green Research

3

4 8 20 ..2555

:

(Carbon Footprint)

5

1

2

6 8 20 ..2555

3

4

7 5

8 8 20 ..2555

. . .

1 2554

6

9 : :

3 4 ? 2.5 97.5 2 3 UN World Water Forum ..2008 6.5 9 ..2050 64,000 [1] Water Footprint

Water Footprint

: http://www.watercache.com

9

10 8 20 ..2555

Water Footprint : UNESCO IFC WWF WBCSD Water Footprint Footprint Water Footprint Water Footprint Carbon Footprint Water Footprint supply chain [2]

: http://www.sunfl owercosmos.org/report/report_main/report_water_1.html

10 8 20 ..2555

11

Water Footprint Water Footprint Virtual water content Water footprint 3 [1]

Blue Water Footprint Green Water Footprint Grey Water Footprint Water Footprint Blue Water Footprint Green Water Footprint Water Consumption Grey Water Footprint water pollution

: http://www.sunfl owercosmos.org/report/report_main/report_water_1.html cache.com

11

12 8 20 ..2555

: [1] . 2553. Water Footprint. 25 2554. http://it.doa.go.th/pibai/pibai/ n13/v_4-may/ceaksong.html [2] /. 2554. Water Footprint . 23 2554. http://news.thaieurope.net/content/view/3717/211 [3] . 2554. Water Footprint. 23 2554. http://wqm.pcd.go.th/water/index. php/2010-04-12-07-13-20/438-water-footprint-

Water Footprint (/) (/ )/ (/ ) Water Footprint Water Footprint Water Footprint Water Footprint 1 1 , 1 1,500 , 1 3,400 , 1 3,900 , 1 15,500 , 1 140 1 2,500 [2] Water Footprint 1997-2001 1,243 // Water Footprint () 2,485 // 2,332 // 2,223 // [3]

Water Footprint Water Footprint Water Footprint Water Footprint Water Footprint . . .

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13

: :

..

(Fastfood) Food Miles . . .

14 8 20 ..2555

1 : http://agel-networkcenter.blogspot.com/2011/01/meaning-and-difference-between.html

[1] Food Miles (CO2) CO2 1 [1] 1 7,268 17 CO2 2.6 CO2

[2]

15

(CO2) Food miles CO2 (life-cycle) ( ) CO2 11% CO2 [3]

Food Miles [4] (JA Gifu) 1 1 40 3 1) 2) 3) (Food miles) [5]

2 : http://hawthornevalleyfarm.org/fep/food.html

16 8 20 ..2555111111111666666666 88888888888888888888888888888888888888888888 2222222222222222222222222222200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ........2222222222222222222222222222222222222225555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555

:

[1] . 2551. ..... 24 2554. http://www.gsei.or.th/platform/article25.php[2] . 2551. (Food Miles Label). 25 2554. http://www.arip.co.th/businessnews.php? id=415080[3] . 2551. Food Miles . 23 2554. http://www.thaifeedmill.com/tabid/58/Default.aspx[4] . 2551. Food Miles . 25 2554. http://www.thaifeedmill.com/tabid/58/Default.aspx [5] . 2552. FOOD MILE.... 24 2554. http://www.oknation.net/blog/print.php?id=541755

Food Miles Food Miles

3 (JA Gifu) : http://www.oknation.net/blog/print.php?id=541755

16 8 20 ..2555

17

:

3 4 96% 3 440 () 0.1 (pH unit) 30% 0.3

:

( Oce

llaris

clow

nfi sh

)

Se

a an

emon

e He

terac

tis m

agnifi

ca)

18 8 20 ..2555

90% 0.7 100 3

: N

OAA

Natio

nal O

cean

ic an

d Atmo

sphe

ric A

dministr

ation

(in situ

)

:

19

..2554 58% El Nino La Nina ..2554

1. www.oceanacidifi cation.org.uk 2. CNN News, October 12, 2011, David Challenger.

20 8 20 ..2555

. 8,500 3-4

:

21

3Rs

(Recycle)

(Sanitary Landfi ll)

: 2554 Energy Saving 2554

Big Cleanning Day . . . .

22 8 20 ..2555

(Greenhouse Gases) 1,000

2 (Sea Ice) 17-20 (Ice Sheet) 14-16 17

!

: :

.. .. http://www.sarakadee.com

23

..1990 40% 3 .. 1960 2 30 2002 - (Larsen-B) 200 3,250 2 50 2 10 7

?

[1]

[3]

( http://www.vcharkarn.com)

24 8 20 ..2555

[2]

Little Ice Age (Ice Age) (Warm Interglacial Age) 100,000 12,000 Interglacial Warm Period ( )

[3]

. . .

[1] : [2] . ( ) http://www.vcharkarn.com/vblog/113532 ( 16 2554) [3] 9 2554

Vostok, Antarctica

25

(polysaccharide biopolymer)

310,272 (, 2543) 40-50 % (waste)

:

: www.mcs.most.go.th

26 8 20 ..2555

[Poly(1,4-2-acetamido-2-deoxy--D-glucosamine)] 3 ( )

N-acetyl glucosamine glucosamine glucosamine 60% glucosamine 40% glucosamine 60% acetyl deacetylation N-acetyl glucosamine glucomine deacetylation percent degree of deacetylation (% DD) % DD 60% glucosamine

: Mathur, 1990

27

2-4 2 M 2 M 25.70 % 50 % 140 83.14 % 1% pH pH 5, 6, 7, 8 9 pH pH 8 10, 20, 40,80 120 NTU 120 NTU pH 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5 2.0 2 pH 8 120 NTU 2 91.28 % total coliform bacteria fecal coliform bacteria 25 NTU total coliform bacteria 83.70 % fecal coliform bacteria 86.70 % conductivity conductivity

total coliform bacteria fecal coliform bacteria 80%

: . (2534). . . (2549). . . . (2542). . . 117(10) : 57 62.Mathur, A, Khar, S.K. and Rupainwar, D.C. (1990). Removal of heavy metals from main scwer water of Varanasi city by adsorption on fl y ash and blast furnace slag. Industrial Pollution Control, 5(2) : 52 57.

28 8 20 ..2555

:

- :

29

[1]

1 : 2 :

[2]

(chemical coagulation) [2] (biological treatment) [3] (activated carbon) [3]

30 8 20 ..2555

A - (0.094 ) B -

- hybrid immobilization [4]

[1] . . . ; 2543.[2] Kim Tae Young and Cho Sung Yong. Adsorption Equilibria of Reactive Dye onto Highly Polyaminated Porous Chitosan Beads. Korean J. Chem. Eng 2005; 22(5):691-696.[3] . . : ; 2548.[4] . . .- hybrid immobilization ; 2553 [5] Boadi D.K. and Neufeld R.J. Encapsulation of tannase for the hydrolysis of tea tannin. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 2001; 28: 590-595.[6] Carneiro Patricia A., Boralle Nivaldo, Stradiotto Nelson R., Furlan Maysa and Zanoni Maria Valnice B. Decolourization of anthraquinone reactive dye by electrochemical reduction on reticulated glassy carbon electrode. J. Braz. Chem. Soc 2004;15: 587-594

- 166.67 0.225 37 (1:1) 0.5 2 (cross-linked agents ) 0.3 0.1 120 (Moderzol Black DN-G) 2 4 6 50 90 5 140.96 (Kinetic modeling of pseudo-second order)

- hybrid immobilization

column -

A B

31

[1]

Eco-Design (Eco-Design) [2]

[3] 10 (Ten Golden Rules for Eco-Design)[4]

(Life Cycle) Bombardier of Competence for Design for Environment [5]

10 10

1 : Dont Use Toxic

2 : Housekeeping

3 : Minimize Weight

4 : Minimize energy & Resource in Usage Phase

5 : Promote Repair Upgrade system

6 : Promote Long life 7 : Protect Product

Eco-Design

:

32 8 20 ..2555

8 : Prearrange Labelling

9 : Simple Recycle

10 : Few Joining Element

10 (Ten Golden Rules forEco-Design)

[1] . . [ ].2550. 18 2552. : http:// www.thaigdn.net.[2] . LCA / EcoDesign WEEE RoHs.2547.[3] . . : (Eco-Design) []. 2552. 3 2552 : http://www.thaigdn.net.[4] Luttropp C. Strategies and material fl ow in ecodesign. KTH. 2006. [5] Center of Competence for Design for Environment (CoCDfE).Design for environment guidelines. Bombardier Transportation. 2004.

Eco-Design (Life Style)

1 10 (The 10 Golden Rules) : Luttropp, n.d.

2 (Built In) : www.bloggang.com

10 23.05% 24.06% 31.9% 59.16% 18.10%

33

:

:

34 8 20 ..2555

(fi eld) 1-7 2554 (Phytoplex) 2554 4

8

35

(Ammannia baccifera)

(Canna indica)

(Clinacanthus nutans)

(Polygala chinensis)

(Acanthus ebracteatus)

(Smilax corbularia) (Premna herbacea)

(Mallotus philippinensis)

35

36 8 20 ..2555

http:// www.gpo.or.th

.. (.) .. 2512

(side effect) . . .

8 20 ..2555