PEDIO HIGGS KAI MAZA

FIORENTINOS GIANNHS, Fusvikìc, MSc.

September 1, 2013

To pedÐo Higgs prosvdÐdei m�za me diaforetikoÔc trìpouc svta svwmatÐdia, an�logame to eÐdoc tou svwmatidÐou. Sto Kajierwmèno Prìtupo (Standard Model) up�rqountèsvsvereic diaforetikoÐ tÔpoi svwmatidÐwn, pou eÐnai foreÐc dun�mewn:

1. To fwtìnio (photon)

2. To glouìnio   gloiìnio (gluon)

3. To mpozìnioW ( boson,t o opoÐo mporeÐ na eÐnai jetikì   arnhtikì)

4. To mpozìnio Z (Z boson).

Prin apì thn energopoÐhsvh tou pedÐou Higgs, ìla aut� ta svwmatÐdia eÐnai �mazakai ta �kÔmata� pou svqetÐzontai me aut� talant¸nontai mìno svto egk�rsvio epÐpedo,svto epÐpedo dhlad  pou eÐnai k�jeto svth dieÔjunsvh di�dosvhc tou svwmatidÐou. Tafwtìnia kai ta gloiìnia den ephre�zontai apì to pedÐo Higgs, ìmwc ìtan ta svwmatÐdiaW kai Z allhlepidroÔn me autì, ta kÔmat� touc apoktoÔn mia diam kh svunisvt¸sva,dhlad  mporoÔn na talant¸nontai kai svth dieÔjunsvh di�dosvhc tou kÔmatoc. Autìcakrib¸c o epiplèon bajmìc eleujerÐac eÐnai pou prosvdÐdei m�za svta svwmatÐdia W kaiZ.

H kat�svtasvh eÐnai diaforetik  gia ta quarks kai ta leptìnia -leptons (me pijan Ðsvwc exaÐresvh ta netrÐna -neutrinos). ProtoÔ “energopoihjeД to pedÐo Higgs, taquarks kai ta hlektrìnia (leptìnia) diajètoun thn eponomazìmenh �memonwmènh kat�sv-tasvh spin�. To spin k�poiwn apì aut� èqei kateÔjunsvh Ðdia me aut  thc kÐnhsv c touc,en¸ �lla èqoun spin me kateÔjunsvh antÐjeth apì ekeÐnh thc kÐnhsvhc. 'Otan loipìnenergopoieÐtai to Higgs, ta svwmatÐdia aut� apoktoÔn kai tic dÔo katasvt�sveic tou spinkai aut  akrib¸c h diadikasvÐa pisvteÔetai ìti touc prosvdÐdei m�za. . .

To gegonìc ìti to fwtìnio paramènei �mazo èqei na k�nei me to ìti h hlektromagn-htik  dÔnamh -Electromagnetic Interaction- (thc opoÐac eÐnai o forèac), èqei �peirhembèleia. Ta W’s kai to Z pou eÐnai foreÐc   diadìtec thc asvjenoÔc allhlepÐdrasvhc(Weak Interaction), èqontac apokt svei m�za, k�noun thn asvjen  allhlepÐdrasvh naeÐnai mia dÔnamh polÔ mikr c embèleiac (thc t�xewc tou 10−18m). H isvqur  dÔnamh(Stong Interaction), par’ ìti ta gluons paramènoun �maza, èqei polÔ mikr  embèleia(thc t�xhc tou 10−15m). H isvqur  dÔnamh perigr�fetai mèsvw thc antallag c gluonsmetaxÔ twn quarks. Diafèrei apì tic �llec dun�meic svto gegonìc ìti gÐnetai isvqurìterh

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ìsvo megal¸nei h apìsvtasvh. (blèpe epÐsvhc: color charge, color confinement, asymp-totic freedom, QCD).

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(Sthn parap�nw eikìna emfanÐzetai kai h barÔthta, an kai proc to parìn denent�svsvetai svto SM)

ANAFORES:

1. Gia thn perigraf  thc apìkthsvhc m�zac apì to pedÐo Higgs, qrhsvi-mopoi jhke kat� kÔrio lìgo to biblÐo: Higgs, To svwmatÐdio tou JeoÔ,tou Ian Sample, sve met�frasvh N. Aposvtolìpoulou, ekdìsveic Traulìc,Aj na 2012.

2. Aujìrmhto svp�svimo svummetrÐac kai mhqanisvmìc Higgs

https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B5D1y08wDS3FVmdZd0xDeDJBNVE/edit?pli=1

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