1

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, [3]. . , , [4]: , , . , , . , . [5], . , , , Q, . , , . 70 .., 80-90 ..[6] , 70 ..[7] 90-100 ..[8]

1 2 , - , , . , . , ( , 37 .., 93-94 ..).

2

[9], , [10].

(.37-.100 .), , , 66 .. " " (20 ) ( "XX" "XVIII"). ' , , "" (Testimonium Flavianum). [11]:

, . , , , : . ' : . .

, , , , - , - . . , , , , , , ,

. , , , [12][13][14]. , [15]. , ( ), [16]. , , , [17]. , . Bell [18] [19], . , , 3 4 .. , " ", (""):[20]

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, [] ,

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(. 56-. 117 .), "Annales" ( 14 68 ..), , 115 K.X., , "Christus", "". , 64 . / . [23]:

ergo abolendo rumori Nero subdidit reos et quaesitissimis poenis adfecit, quos per flagitia invisos vulgusChrestianos appellabat. auctor nominis eius Christus Tibero imperitante per procuratorem Pontium Pilatumsupplicio adfectus erat; repressaque in praesens exitiablilis superstitio rursum erumpebat, non modo perIudaeam, originem eius mali, sed per urbem etiam, quo cuncta undique atrocia aut pudenda confluuntcelebranturque

Annales, . , , . , , (),

, . . , , (), , . , , "" , ""[24]. , , [25][26][27]. , : " , "[28].

4

(. 61-. 113 ..) , . 19 , . 111-112 .. , , "Christus". [29]:

[...] Quod essent solid stato die ante lucem convenire, carmenque Christo quasi deo dicere secum invicemseque sacramento non in scelus aliquod obstringere, sed ne furta ne latrocinia ne adulteria commiterent, nefidem fallerent, ne depositum adpellati, abnegarent. Quibus peractis morem sibi discendendi fuisse rursusquecoeundi ad capiendum cibum, promiscuum tamen et innoxium [...]

10,96, [...] , , , , , , [...]

. , , (2 ). , , : " "[30].

, , (. 70-. 160 ..) . (120 ..), , , , : " 12 " (Vitae XII Caesarum). " " (49 53 ..) - - ' [31]:

Iudaeos impulsore Chresto assidue tumultuants Roma expulit 12 ,

" ( ; )"

" " (18:2). "Chrestus", , , "Christus" . "Chrestus" , . "Chrestus" , "Chrestus", " ", , [32].

5

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.

. :

[] , ... ; ; . ; . ; , . : . . , . , . . . . . .

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6

( 2 . ..) , , , " " , . . " " , 80% " " (Contra Celsum). . , .

(125-195 ..) , 2 .. " " , . [34]:

, , , [] , . , , ,

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[1] John Bowden, Encyclopedia of Christianity, Oxford University Press, 2005, . 655-657, 669-670.[2] http:/ / en. wikipedia. org/ wiki/ Christ_myth_theory Christ myth theory[3] On John, see S. Byrskog, "Story as History - History as Story", in Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament 123

(Tbingen: Mohr, 2000; reprinted Leiden: Brill, 2002), p. 149; Richard Bauckham, Jesus and the Eyewitnesses (Cambridge: WilliamB. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2006) p. 385.

[4] Hengel, Martin, Studies in the Gospel of Mark (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1985) pp. 64 ff.[5] For an overview of the synoptic problem that discusses the traditional view in detail, see Drane, Introducing the New Testament (San

Francisco: Harper Row, 1986) chapter 11. Also, see Donald Guthrie, New Testament Introduction (Downers Grove: InterVarsity,1990)

[6] Raymond E. Brown. An Introduction to the New Testament. New York: Anchor Bible.[7] J.A.T. Robinson, Redating the New Testament. Philadelphia: Westminster Press. 1985. pp.8692.[8][8] Brown 7[9] i.e. Daniel-Rops, Silence of Jesus' Contemporaries p. 21 and G. R. Habermas, The Historical Jesus p. 193[10] Morton Smith, Journal of Biblical Literature, Vol. 91, No. 3 (Sep., 1972), pp. 441-442, Published by: The Society of Biblical

Literature, . 441: "A few eminent scholars have thought...but the most common opinion has been that Josephus did here saysomething about Jesus, but his text has been so disfigured by Christian interpolations that it cannot reliable be restored"

[11] Antiquitates Judaicae XVIII, 3, 63 (http:/ / www. perseus. tufts. edu/ cgi-bin/ ptext?lookup=J. + AJ+ 18. 63)[12] i.e. Daniel-Rops, Silence of Jesus' Contemporaries p. 21 and G. R. Habermas, The Historical Jesus p. 193[13][13] Feldman (1989), p. 430[14][14] Alice Whealey, Josephus on Jesus (New York, 2003) p.194.[15] Josephus the Satirist? A Clue to the Original Form of the "Testimonium Flavianum", Albert A. Bell, Jr., The Jewish Quarterly

Review, New Series, Vol. 67, No. 1 (Jul., 1976), pp. 16-22, Published by: University of Pennsylvania Press, .17: "...but the mostprobable view, as L.H. Feldman concludes, is that our text is basically Josephus with Christian alterations"

[16] L. Michael White, From Jesus to Christianity. HarperCollinsPublishers, 2004. P. 9798

7

[17] Vermes, Gza. (1987). The Jesus notice of Josephus re-examined. Journal of Jewish Studies[18][18] Josephus the Satirist? A Clue to the Original Form of the "Testimonium Flavianum", Albert A. Bell, Jr., The Jewish Quarterly

Review, New Series, Vol. 67, No. 1 (Jul., 1976), pp. 16-22, Published by: University of Pennsylvania Press, .18[19] Origin Commentary on Matthew 10.17 (http:/ / www. ccel. org/ ccel/ schaff/ anf09. xvi. ii. iii. xvii. html); Against Celsus 1.47 (http:/ /

www. ccel. org/ ccel/ schaff/ anf04. vi. ix. i. xlviii. html)[20] Geza Vermes, Jesus in the eyes of Josephus, Standpoint Jan/Feb 2010[21] Antiquitates Judaicae, X, 9, 1 (http:/ / www. gutenberg. org/ catalog/ world/ readfile?fk_files=2359& pageno=648)[22][22] Louis H. Feldman pp. 990-1"[23] Annales, XV, 44 (http:/ / www. perseus. tufts. edu/ cgi-bin/ ptext?lookup=Tac. + Ann. + 15. 44)[24][24] Theissen and Merz p.83[25] Did Jesus exist? Earl Doherty and the argument to ahistoricity, by Richard Carrier. http:/ / www. infidels. org/ library/ modern/

richard_carrier/ jesuspuzzle. html[26] France, RT (1986). Evidence for Jesus (Jesus Library). Trafalgar Square Publishing. .1920. ISBN 0340381728.[27] Theissen, Gerd; Merz, Annette (1998). The historical Jesus: a comprehensive guide (http:/ / books. google. com/

books?id=3ZU97DQMH6UC& pg=PA83). Minneapolis: Fortress Press. .83. ISBN 9780800631222. .[28] Jesus, University Books, New York, 1956, p.13[29] Plinius,Epistularum liber X,96 (http:/ / la. wikisource. org/ wiki/ Epistularum_liber_X_(Gaius_Plinius_Caecilius_Secundus)#96_C.

_PLINIUS_TRAIANO_IMPERATORI)[30][30] Jesus, by Ch. Gugnebert, Professor of History of Christianity in the Sorbonne, Translated from the French by S. H. Hooke, Samuel

Davidson Professor of Old Testament Studies in the University of London, University Book, New York, 1956, p. 14[31] ( XXV, 4 (http:/ / www. perseus. tufts. edu/ cgi-bin/ ptext?lookup=Suet. + Cl. + 25. 1))[32] Suetonius, Nero 16[33][33] Theissen, Gerd and Annette Merz. The historical Jesus: a comprehensive guide. Fortress Press. 1998. translated from German (1996

edition)[34] Lucian, The Death of Peregrine, 1113 in The Works of Lucian of Samosata, translated by H. W. Fowler (Oxford: Clarendon, 1949)

vol. 4

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