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, . , , . , : ) , ) , ) , ) , , ) , ) . , , , , . , . : . . . ( , ) , ! 1. Med Sci Sports Exerc, vol 36, no 10, pp1789-1795 2. . . . 2008, 3. Schmidt, Werner. . . , , Salto, 2007 4. Grouios G, Hatzitaki V, Kollias N, Koidou I. Investigating the stabilising and mobilising features of footednessLaterality. 2009 Jul;14(4):362-80. Epub 2008 Nov 3. 5. Vera JG, Alvarez JC, Medina MM. Effects of different practice conditions on acquisition, retention, and transfer of soccer skills by 9-year-old schoolchildren. Percept Mot Skills. 2008 Apr;106(2):447-60. 6. UNICEF- Civil society partnerships- Football changes children s lives. 8 October 2004 7. , , A, . . . , 2010

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: , , , . , . , . 1. Bijur PE, Trumble A, Harel Y, Overpeck MD, Jones D., Scheidt PC: Sports and recreation injuries in US children and adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1995 Sept; 149(9): 1009-16. 2. von Laer L: Pediatric Fractures and Dislocations,Thieme, New York, 2004. 3. Hefti F: Pediatric Orthopedics in Practice, Springer, Berlin, 2007 4. Herring JA: Tachdjian`s Pediatric Orthopaedics, Saundes Elsevier, Philadelphia PA, 2008 5. : , , , 1999

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. . - - .. , . 20 , . . . , . , , . . . , . . ( 3 ) ( 11-12 ), ( 13-14 ) ( 15-16 ). . . , . , . . . , , , >12 mm 18% , 4% . . . ( , ,) . ( , ) . , . , . . , . 4-6

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1-3 . ( ) , . . , . ( 50 ) . , , . , , . . , , . . , , . ( , ) , . : () . . : 1/6 - 2/6 (30-50% ), . , 3 (30%100%) 4 (20%-60%). . . Pelliccia 32652 ( ) 11,8% . : 1) . 2) 60 mm 5% . . 14 mm 12 mm , >16mm . (2%) 13-16mm . 2 , . (peak bone mass) 25-30 90-95 % 18 . , , , , , . . , ( ) stress . 24 51 ! . . , , , . 9-31% . , . .

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, . . , ! , . . , , - , . 1. Golden NH. A review of the female athlete triad (amenorrhea, osteoporosis and disordered eating). Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2002 ;14:9-17. 2. Nattiv A, Loucks AB, Manore MM, Sanborn CF, Sundgot-Borgen J, Warren MP; American College of Sports Medicine. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. The female athlete triad. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007;39:1867-1882. 3. Hurvitz M, Weiss R.The young female athlete. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2009;7:123129. 4. Hind K, Truscott J, Carroll S. Female athlete triad in monozygotic twins. Phys Sportsmed. 2008;36(1):119-124. 5. Hoch AZ, Pajewski NM, Moraski L, Carrera GF, Wilson CR, Hoffmann RG, Schimke JE, Gutterman DD. Prevalence of the female athlete triad in high school athletes and sedentary students. Clin J Sport Med. 2009;19(5):421-428. 6. Portmann L, Giusti V. Female athlete triad. Rev Med Suisse 2009;5(212):15551559. 7. Joy EA, Van Hala S, Cooper L. Health-related concerns of the female athlete: a lifespan approach. Am Fam Physician. 2009;79(6):489-495. 8. Pantano KJ. Strategies used by physical therapists in the U.S. for treatment and prevention of the female athlete triad. Phys Ther Sport. 2009;10(1):3-11. 9. Gamboa S, Gaskie S, Atlas M, VanZant R. Clinical inquiries. What's the best way to manage athletes with amenorrhea? J Fam Pract. 2008;57(11):749-750. 10. Koenig SJ, Toth AP, Bosco JA. Stress fractures and stress reactions of the diaphyseal femur in collegiate athletes: an analysis of 25 cases. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2008 ;37(9):476-480. 11. Warren MP, Chua AT. Exercise-induced amenorrhea and bone health in the adolescent athlete. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008;1135:244-252. 12. Mrquez S. Eating disorders in sports: risk factors, health consequences, treatment and prevention. Nutr Hosp. 2008;23(3):183-190. 13. Benjamin HJ. The female adolescent athlete: specific concerns. Pediatr Ann. 2007 ;36(11):719-726. 14. Manore MM, Kam LC, Loucks AB; International Association of Athletics Federations.The female athlete triad: components, nutrition issues, and health consequences.J Sports Sci. 2007;25 Suppl 1:S61-71. Review. Erratum in: J Sports Sci. 2009 ;27(6):667. 15. Lebrun CM. The female athlete triad: what's a doctor to do? Curr Sports Med Rep. 2007 ;6(6):397-404. 16. Thompson SH. Characteristics of the female athlete triad in collegiate crosscountry runners. J Am Coll Health. 2007;56(2):129-136.21

17. Nichols DL, Sanborn CF, Essery EV. Bone density and young athletic women. An update. Sports Med. 2007;37(11):1001-1014. 18. Burrows M, Shepherd H, Bird S, MacLeod K, Ward B. The components of the female athlete triad do not identify all physically active females at risk. J Sports Sci. 2007;25(12):1289-1297. 19. Dimarco NM, Dart L, Sanborn CB. Modified activity-stress paradigm in an animal model of the female athlete triad. J Appl Physiol. 2007;103(5):1469-1478. 20. Hoch AZ, Lal S, Jurva JW, Gutterman DD. The female athlete triad and cardiovascular dysfunction. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2007;18(3):385-400. 21. Torstveit MK, Rosenvinge JH, Sundgot-Borgen J. Prevalence of eating disorders and the predictive power of risk models in female elite athletes: a controlled study. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2008;18(1):108-118. 22. Ting JH, Wallis DH. Medical management of the athlete: evaluation and treatment of important issues in sports medicine. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 2007;24(2):127-158. 23. Carlson JL, Curtis M, Halpern-Felsher B. Clinician practices for the management of amenorrhea in the adolescent and young adult athlete. J Adolesc Health. 2007 ;40(4):362-365. 24. Growth and skeletal maturation in male and female artistic gymnasts. Georgopoulos NA, Theodoropoulou A, Leglise M, Vagenakis AG, Markou KB. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89(9):4377-4382.

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. RDAs DRIs . . , , , , . ATP . , . 12 , . . . RDAs DRIs. . . . 90% . 30 . , , , , . D, , . . , . . 1200 - 1500 mg, . , 900 - 1600 mg, , . . 700 mg , 10%, , 1 5%. . . . , , .

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. . , , . , : 1. , . 2. , . , . 3. . , . 4. . . 5 , , , . 5. 2 250ml . 6. . 7. . . . , . , , , . 1. Dan Nemet and Alon Eliakim Pediatric sports nutrition: an update Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2009 12:304-309 2. Almquist J, Valovich McLeod TC, Cavanna A, et all Summary statement: appropriate medical care for the secondary school-aged athlete J Athl Train 2008; 43:416-427 3. Meadows-Oliver M, Ryan-Krause P. Powering up with sports and energy drinks J Pediatric Health Care 2007; 21:413-416 4. Boisseau N, Vermorel M, Rance M, et all. Protein requirements in male adolescent soccer players. Eur J Appl Physiol 2007 ;100 :27-33. 5. Shirreffs SM, Conference on multidisciplinary approaches to nutritional problems. Symposium on performance, exercise and health hydration, fluids and performance. Proc Nutr Soc 2009; 68:17-22. 6. - . . , 36 2003, 50 (3) : 273279. 7. .. , . Doping . . 2005,52 (3)29

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