VITAMIN EVITAMIN K

Dr. Vijay Marakala, MBBS, MD.

Assistant professor BIOCHEMISTRY SIMS & RC

VITAMIN E [TOCOPHEROL]

Chemistry Sources RDA Metabolism

Functions Deficiency Toxicity

VITAMIN E - CHEMISTRY

Tocopherolsα-tocopherol

β-tocopherol

γ-tocopherol

δ-tocopherol

Tocotrienolsα-tocotrienols

β-tocotrienols

γ-tocotrienols

δ-tocotrienols

VITAMIN E - CHEMISTRY

VITAMIN E – SOURCES

VITAMIN E – RDA

RDA 8 – 10 mg/day

The daily requirement increases with increase in dietary intake of PUFA

VITAMIN E – METABOLISM

Absorption

Upper SI

Along with lipids

Transport

Chylomicron

VLDL and LDL

Storage

Adipose tissue

liver

VITAMIN E – FUNCTIONS

As a biological antioxidantPrevents lipid peroxidation

of biological membrane

Prevents peroxidation of vitamin A & PUFA

Reproductive functions & prevents sterility

Vitamin E

VITAMIN E – FUNCTIONS

VITAMIN E & SELENIUM

Selenium complements the antioxidant effects of

vitamin E and reduces the requirement of vitamin E

VITAMIN E - DEFICIENCY

Causes Inadequate intake

Impaired absorption

Features Hemolytic anaemia in the new born

Muscle weakness

Spinocerebellar ataxia and impaired vision

VITAMIN K

VITAMIN K - CHEMISTRY

Pylloquinone

Present in plants

Vitamin K1

Menaquinone

Produced by intestinal bacteria

Vitamin K2

Menadione

Synthetic form

Vitamin K3

VITAMIN K - SOURCES

VITAMIN K - RDA

80µg/day

VITAMIN K - METABOLISM

Absorption

Upper SI

Along with lipids

Transport

Chylomicron

LDL

Storage

Liver

VITAMIN K - FUNCTIONS

Role in blood coagulation • Cofactor for gamma

carboxylation of glutamic acid in clotting factors II, VIII, IX and X

Role in bone mineralization• Cofactor for gamma

carboxylation of glutamic acid in osteocalcin

VITAMIN K - DEFICIENCYCauses In newborn

Impaired absorption

Sterile bacterial flora

Features

Bleeding

Prolonged prothrombin time

VITAMIN K - ANTAGONIST

Dicumarol Warfarin

VITAMIN K - ANTAGONIST