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1) , Pielot et al. [12] Tactile Compass . smartphone , . . .2) Komninos et al. [13] SoNav, , , . . SoNav , .3) Strachan et al. [14], GPS mp3 player . , . , , . , , . , .4) Holland et al. [15] . , . , . , , .5) Strachan et al. Ontrack [16]. , ( , , ). Ontrack , , .

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[7] S. Burigat, L. Chittaro, S.a Gabrielli, Visualizing Locations of Off-Screen Objects on Mobile Devices: A Comparative Evaluation of Three Approaches, in: Proc. of MOBILE HCI, 2006, pp. 239-246.

[8] P. Baudisch, R. Rosenholtz, Halo: A Technique for Visualizing Off-ScreenObjects, in Proc. of the SIGCHI Conf. on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 481-488, 2003.

[9] S. Burigat, L. Chittaro, S.a Gabrielli, Navigation techniques for small-screen devices: An evaluation on maps and web pages, Int. J. of Human-Computer Studies, vol. 66, no. 2, 2008 , pp. 78-97.

[10] Aslan, A. Krger, The Bum Bag Navigator (BBN): An Advanced Pedestrian Navigation System in: Proc. of the Artificial Intelligence in Mobile Systems Workshop, 2004, pp. 15-19.

[11] P.T. Zellweger, J.D. Mackinlay, L. Good, M. Stefik, P. Baudisch, City lights: contextual views in minimal space, in Proc. of CHI '03, Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2003, pp. 838-839.

[12] . Pielot, B. Poppinga, S. Boll, PocketNavigator: vibro-tactile waypoint navigation for everyday mobile devices in Proc. of MobileHCI, 2010, pp. 423-426.

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