Post on 31-Mar-2015
L’Efficacité EnergétiqueEnergy Efficiency
G15 – Dakar 6 November 2012
Benoit Lebot UNDP Climate Change Advisor
Benoit.lebot@undp.org
Δ Costs Energy Saved
85 Energy Efficiency Split Air Conditioners
$56 000 60 000 kWh/year
Solar PV Roof on terrace of building
$116 000 22 000 kWh/year
3
IEA World Energy Outlook 2008: Reductions in energy-related CO2 emissions in the climate-policy scenarios
Reference Scenario 450 Policy Scenario
CCS Renewable & biofuelNuclear
Energy efficiency
20
25
30
35
40
45
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Gig
aton
nes
54%
23% 14% 9%
1
2
3
4
Trend in Green House Gases
Low Carbon Path
Change Behavior
Today
Tomorrow
1
2
3
4
Trend in Green House Gases
Low Carbon Path
Change Behavior
Improve Efficiency
Today
Tomorrow
Energy Efficiency
33%
90%
5% <1.5 % !
95%
5%
55%Advanced
Gas Turbine
2.6 %
55%Advanced
Gas Turbine
95%
25% 13 %
100%
95%
25% 24 %
Le cas de l’éclairage: vers des techniques de moins en moins carbonées
0
50
100
150
200
KerozeneLighting
Incandescent +Coal Power
Incandescent +Gas
Cogeneration
Energy Saving +Gas Congeration
Energy Saving +Renewable
kg CO2/year
150 kg
100 kg
70 kg
18 kg0 kg
Généraliser les Foyers Améliorés
1
2
3
4
Trend in Green House Gases
Low Carbon Path
Change Behavior
Improve EfficiencyRenewable Energy
REDD & Sequestration
Today
Tomorrow
1
2
3
4
Trend in Green House Gases
Low Carbon Path
Behavior
EfficiencyRenewable Energy
REDD & Sequestration
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
7 17 10 2 6 18 20 12 16 3 14 15 13 8 9 5 27 4 11Household ID
kWh/an
Source : SAVE/Ecodrôme 98 ADEME - Cabinet O. SIDLER
Energy consumption of Fridges & Freezers
Measured Energy Consumption of Refrigerators & Freezers in 20 Households
884775 747
615 558 519439 411
345 325
10
20
110
1
110
5
117
5
12
79
17
40
242 234 213
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
7 17 10 2 6 18 20 12 16 3 14 15 13 8 9 5 27 4 11Household ID
kWh/an
Source : SAVE/Ecodrôme 98
Average annual Savings: 723 kWh/an/house
ADEME - Cabinet O. SIDLER
Energy saved after replacing Fridges & Freezers
Consumption after replacing Fridges & Freezers
Metered Energy Saved with Efficient Refrigerators & Freezers in 20 Households
CO2
Metered Energy Saved with Efficient Lighting of 20 Households
209
247
104164185
187195196197246
250
283
286
309
383
799
5362
71
101
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
2 18 10 20 5 16 15 8 14 9 19 4 11 17 6 7 12 27 13 3
Household ID
kWh/anEnergy saved after replacing bulbs
Consumption after replacing bulbs
Source : SAVE/Ecodrôme 98
Average Savings : 244 kWh / (an.house)
ADEME - Cabinet O. SIDLER
ADEME CEE
No thermal insulation in roof
South facing wall without solar protection = Unecessary heat loads
Lighting the stars
Artificiel lighting during daylight both indoor & outdoor
Air conditioners to evacuate
The heat loads
Unsealed doors
Single glazingNo solar protectionNo shade,
Openn windows in winter time when heating system is on
Energy is being wasted:Analyse of a commercial building
24
So
urc
e: M
ED
-EN
EC
Pro
ject
200
9
25
Evolution of the space heating consumption of a new house in France
kWh/m2/year
- 60%
-90%
Energy Efficiency in the Building Code in Senegal
Status: Under implementation
• $1 million in GEF• $3 million co-financing
Implementing period: 2012 : 2016Direct CO2 emission reduction: 7,300 tonsIndirect CO2 emission reduction: 670,000 tons
Technology Transfer: Typha-based Thermal Insulation Material Production in Senegal
Status: Under implementation
• $2 million in GEF• $3.4 million co-financing
Implementing period: 2012 : 2016Direct CO2 emission reduction: 800 tonsIndirect CO2 emission reduction: 86,000 tons
How to bring energy efficient equipment & system to the market?
% of Market
Energy Efficiency Scale
Less Efficient
MoreEfficient
First, let’s understand where the Market is
0
% of Market
Energy Efficiency Scale
Less Efficient
MoreEfficient
0
% of Market
Energy Efficiency Scale
Less Efficient
MoreEfficient
0
% ofMarket
0Energy Efficiency
ScaleLess
Efficient
MoreEfficient
% ofMarket
Energy Efficiency Scale HigherLower
0
Current Stock2012
% ofMarket
HigherLower0
Current Stock2012New
Buildings
Energy Efficiency Scale
% ofMarket
Energy Efficiency Scale HigherLower
0
CurrentBuilding
Stock2012
BuildingStock2050
Objective
% of Market
Energy Efficiency Scale
Less Efficient
MoreEfficient
CurrentSupply
2011
0
% of Market
Energy Efficiency Scale
Less Efficient
MoreEfficient
CurrentSupply
2012
0
Supply2015
Policy Objective
The Objective is to Transform the Market
% of Market
Energy Efficiency Scale
Less Efficient
MoreEfficient
0
Setting a Minimum Energy Performance Standard
MEPS2014
% of Market
Energy Efficiency Scale
Less Efficient
MoreEfficient
0
The question is where to setting the Minimum Energy Performance Standard?
MEPS2014
% of Market
Energy EfficiencyScale
Less Efficient
MoreEfficient
CurrentSupply
2011
0
% of Market
Energy Efficiency Scale Less Efficient
MoreEfficient
0
Market Transformation: Building an Information Label
Top 25%
% of Market
Energy Efficiency Scale Less Efficient
MoreEfficient
0
In some countries 5 Energy Efficiency Categories
Market Transformation: A Model
Appliance Energy Label
% of Market
Energy Efficiency Scale Less Efficient
MoreEfficient
0
A B C D E F G
In the EU, 7 Energy Efficiency Categories
Market Transformation: A Model
Energy
350
More efficient
Less efficient
AB
CDE
FG
A
ManufacturerModel
LogoABC123
Energy consumption kWh/year(Based on standard test results for 24h)
Actual consumption willdepend on how the appliance isused and where it is located
Further information is contained
in product brochures
Fresh food volume IFrozen food volume I
20080
40(dB(A)re 1 pW)Noise
Norm EN 153 May 1990Refrigerator Label Directive 94/2/EC
The European Appliance Energy
Label
Does the label work?
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
A B C D E F GEnergy label class
Sh
are
of
mo
del
s/m
ark
et
More Efficient Less Efficient
Transforming the Equipment MarketImpact of EU Label on Market of Cold Appliance
B ECA D F G
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
A B C D E F GEnergy label class
Sh
are
of
mo
del
s/m
ark
et
EU Market 1992
More Efficient Less Efficient
Transforming the Equipment MarketImpact of EU Label on Market of Cold Appliance
B ECA D F G
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
A B C D E F GEnergy label class
Sh
are
of
mo
del
s/m
ark
et EU Market 1996
EU Market 1992
More Efficient Less Efficient
Transforming the Equipment MarketImpact of EU Label on Market of Cold Appliance
B ECA D F G
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
A B C D E F GEnergy label class
Sh
are
of
mo
del
s/m
ark
et
EU Market 1999
EU Market 1996
EU Market 1992
More Efficient Less Efficient
Transforming the Equipment MarketImpact of EU Label on Market of Cold Appliance
B ECA D F G
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
A B C D E F GEnergy label class
Sh
are
of
mo
del
s/m
ark
et
EU Market 1999
EU Market 1996
EU Market 1992
More Efficient Less Efficient
EU Market 2003
Transforming the Equipment MarketImpact of EU Label on Market of Cold Appliance
B ECA D F G
B ECA D F GA+A++
An
nu
al M
ark
et
Sh
are
%
1999: MEPS
Transforming the Equipment MarketImpact of EU Label on Market of Cold Appliance
© by GfK MS, www.gfkms.com - Italy - SDA-MDA Dept.
10 Ctr.
1,5
30,3
26,3
22,2
6,35,3
7,2
GB D F I E
14,8
24,4
39,4
8,2
5,5
7,7
3,1
52
34,5
9,5
21,8
31
23,7
14
2,5
7,1
25,3
11,6
23,1
5
17,3
2
15,7
2
12,2
23,3
14,4
22,2
8,6
17,4
P B NL A S2,1
9,9
16,5
3,8
12,7
54
52,1
20,5
16,1
2,6
6,8
14,1
73,5
64,1
1,7
39,3
37,1
10,61,8
2,2
7,8
6
65,4
16,7
2,5
72,3
Energy Class A+
Energy Class A
Energy Class B
Energy Class C
Energy Class D
Energy Class E
Energy Class F
Others
European Freezers Market in 2002
© by GfK MS, www.gfkms.com - Italy - SDA-MDA Dept.
10 Ctr.
39,1
38,6
14,6
6,6
GB D F I E
32,6
40
22,5
4,9
51,7
1,6
41,4
4,2
38,1
41,9
10
10
37
32,1
23,6
7,1
14,3
48,9
23,3
13,5
P B NL A S
14,7
39,7
14
31,6
57,8
26,8
11,5
2,5
71,1
13,3
8,93,6
3,1
38
43,5
13,4
5
45,9
40
9,4
4,7
Energy Class A
Energy Class A +
Energy Class B
Energy Class C
Others
European Refrigerators Market in 2002
Labels of Light Sources
Beyond the label
European Car Label
In application of EU Directive 99/94/EC, Several Countries (Denmark, NL, BE...) have selected the above format for Car Labelling
G
C
Energy Label also used for Buildings
B
In Austria, UK, Denmark, France…. private homes are being labeled
FD
54+ countries with 80% of the World’s population have standards and labelling
Most Products that Will Use Energy in Buildings in 2025 Have Not Yet Been Made
End Use Energy Consumption in 2025
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Europe Africa
En
erg
y C
on
sum
pti
on
(%
of
tota
l)
New stock
Stock pre-2009
Appliance Energy Efficiency Standards in the US
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
US DOE EE Investment Energy Savings Net Savings
$2/Home
$150/Home
Appliance Energy Efficiency Standards in the US
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
US DOE EE Investment Energy Savings Net Savings
$2/Home
$150/Home
$600/Home
$450/Home
72
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Per
cent
age
of M
arke
t
Low Carbon Footprint High Carbon Footprint
6 Steps to move towards a low carbon building stock
2. Knowledge & understanding
B E C A D F G
3 .Rating & Benchmarking
R&
D4. Research, & Demonstration5. Set Minimum Standards6. DSM, $ incentives, CDM….
1. Set Right Price Signal $
Reduction in GHGGtCO2E per year
Cost of Abattement$ / tCO2E/yr
Some Mitigation Options Come at Negative Cost to Society
O
2O
4O
6O
-6O
-4O
-2O
Policies & barriers
GEF, ODA
Incentives
FiTs, taxes, loans, CDM
Carbon finance
PoAs, sectoral crediting
Research, development , demonstration
Technology transfer
77
Scénario tendanciel
0
500
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
3 500
4 000
4 500
5 000
2 000 2 010 2 020 2 030 2 040 2 050
TWh
Renouvelables
Uranium
PétroleCharbon
Gaz
Scénario nW
0
500
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
3 000
3 500
4 000
4 500
5 000
2 000 2 010 2 020 2 030 2 040 2 050
TWh
GazCharbon
Pétrole
Uranium
Renouvelables
Efficacité demande
Efficacité sur offre
Sobriété
80
Scenario Negawatt pour la France
Inefficient Products to Museum
All over the World!