KEiJ>AAAION IIEMIITON

TO MAKEAONIKON ZHTHMA

H I\.Y~IA 1\.100I: TOY EI\.I\.HNOI: KOMMOYNIHOY

'AltO 'Ii. ltp(i)ta XPovla tile; ~roile; toll KOl'I'aTOC;,

Kavtva IiAAO 9tl'a otv ltpotKO:Ascrt /,&yaAUttpa ltPO­~Atil'a<a Kai oucrxtpttte; crt ll,tt ,hpopollcrt tie; crxt­crtle; toll lC0l'I'atOe; I't tOV tA.A.llVtKO Aao, aAA.O:. KaiI'tcra cr<ie; <O:~tle; tOU aKOl'a, altO <0 AsY0/,&VO «e­9V1KO 9tl'a», 0l1Aa&1i tie; e.ltil'0vte; Kpoucrtle; lCai<tiv ltpoltayo:voa tOU K0l'I'atOe; yu'l t1\ 0l11'tOupy{a~tXroplcrtOll MaKtooVtKoil KpO:tOue;. rui. ltOAA.O: XP?­via llAse; tOU 01 ltpocrmi9w:e; va £ottKttlVll t1\v lto­AInKti tOU emppo1\ ltpocrtlCpouav crt1\v altPOlCaAU­lttll cruv1]Yopla t(i)v K0l'I'0UVtcrt(i)v (llttp tile; lopu­crtroe; tvoe; autOv0l'0U lj Kai avt~aptiltou aKOl'aMaKtOOVtKoll KpO:tOUe; ltOU 9<i. lttPltKAslt Kai totA.A.llVtKO tl'ill'a tile; MaKtoov(ac; Kat01Kll/,&VOaltO tVO:I'tcrll crxt06v tlCat0l'I'UplO -EA.A.llvte;.

Auto t6 aKav9(i)ote; 9tl'a fKa/,& yta ltP<i>tll <popat1\v el'<pavtcri tOU t1\v IiV01~t tOil 1921, llmv I'iaaVnltpocrrolttia toil K0l'I'atoc; I't £ottKtq>aAile; tOVrt<i>pylO rtropYlaoll, iKavo OIKllYOPO Kai crltOUoolO­ttpO tOtt illtocrtllptu1\ tile; cruvO&crtroe; I't t1\v K0l'­

lVtepV, ltilyt crt1\ Mocria Yla va M~l1 I'tpoe; crtO Tpi­to ITayKocrl'1O EuvtOplO. Kata t1\v Olo:pKtta tile; lta­pal'0vi!e; trov crt1\v Mocrxa 0 BacriAll KoMpro<p, ypal'­I'att"s· tOtt tOil BouAyaptlCOU K0l'I'0UVlcrtIKOil KOl'­

I'atoc;, dXt I'ta cruvOf"Aia 1'1; tOV rtropylO:Oll, crXtT1KaI't t1\v avayKll va illtocrtllplX9il to altll1'a tile; Ma­KtOOVtKi!e; autOv0l'iae; «OUt!Jl<; wcrtt va I'ltoptcrll toK.K. BouAyapiae; va Ktpoicrll T1\V illtocrttip'~l1 <rovBouAyapol'alCt06vrov ltpocr<puyrov Kai va TOUe; altO­crlto:crll altO to crTpaTOlttOO TWV avnOpacr<lKroV». t

'0 rtropyui.olle; al<pvtolacrTllKt, aA.A.a KaT<i>p9ro­crt va 6.lto<pUY11 t1\v 6.VO:All1j1t cra<poile; illtoxpt<i>crtroe;.-Omv 51'roe; elttcrTptljlt crt1\v 'EAMoa dxt ltaljlttltA.&OV va dva, 'l'Aoytp6c; illtocrtllptKT1\e; toil K0l'I'0u-,Vtcrl'0u. 'AltOlCapo1rol'tvoe; 6.lt6 t1\v el'lttlpia tOU crtOEuvl;oplO 0 rtropYlaolle; illtlXvtX<i>Pllcrt crTie; ltPOll-

I. ruiVVT) nST<16TCOUA.OU. TO. 'E 0 v 1 ,,<i Z 1'\ t Tj IJ a~

, 't a K a i 0 I ·E A. A 1'\ v E C; K 0 Il J.1 0 \) V 1 aTE t; ('A6i'jvUl,1946), "E~. 31.

you/,&Vte; 6.ltOljltte; TOU Kai crTMllKt 6 fJyttlle; tile;ttAsumlae; I'QaAlle; ltpocrlta9tlae; ltOU fKavt TO lCOl'­I'a YLa va eltavaKtticrll tfJv 6.vt~aptllcrla tOU, ltpO-

crlta9tlae; ltOU 6.lttKpucrtaA.A.<i>911 crt1\v 6.lto<pam tile;cruVOtacrKtljltroe; toil <I>t~pouaplou (1922).2

Tov Mo:lo toil 1922 01 BouAyapol K0l'I'0uVtcrtai

53

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'H nOAllIK'; ~y£ala tou 1,923. b.IOKplvETCI 6 I. MEloEOc, 6cufEpex tE t1pIOTCPWV, 0'A.A. ZaTIJflC. TtTOpTOC: tK 5tElWY Kol 6 'AAtE. nanavOOTaolou TplToc:-tK 6cElwv. Elva." toox" nau " "EAA6c 6tv fXtl OKOIJIl ouvtAe" on6 TO 6apu l.IJuxoAoyuco nAflVlJo Tftc

MIKPOOIOTIKf)<: KOTOOTpocpfl<:.

&KaIUlV 1i1..1..1] J.1la allOmnpa. va llporo9"crouv to llpo­<Jep"I1..t, trov 9tJ.1a. :E'O)v 01..oJJt41a toO rpa.cp&iou til,Ba1..KaVlKfj, K0J.1J.10UVllmKfj, '0J.1oo11ovola, (BKO).o KoMprocp llapoucrlacre "'Iv Bou1..yaplKTt a~lro<n

Yla J.1la autOv0J.11] MaKeoovia Xropl, &lllll'u1..a~el"

Xropl, 011l1..roJ.1a"KO Kliv tan. O[ Bou1..yapol C1]toll­crav ~ed9apa Kal allpoKIU1]ltm allO ta 1i1..1..a KOJ.1­J.1ata va "ltocr-'1]pi~ouv t'l\v Bou1..yapIK" IillO'l/I. ToJ.1eya1..iltepo J.1tpo<; tfj, ~oaq>IKfj, llEPIOXfj, ltOU icrxu­plCeto 0 KoMprocp 6tl KatroKeltO allO «llou1..yapo­J.1aKeaOv&<;» eupl<JICuo betO, Bou1..yapla, Kal &VtO,tlilv auvoprov tfj, rIOUl'Kocr1..allia, Kal tfj, 'E1..M­00<;. '0 rlavV1], netcrc,ltou1..o<;. 0 1010Kt"t1], tOO«PICocrllam1]», 1l0U aVnll,POcr6l'lteue t9 U1..1]VIKO KOJ.1­J.1a m"v cr"""e'l/I. avte',aX91] crtl, ltpotacrel, tOOKoMproq> J.1& -.a t~fj, £:1l1xelp"J.1ata: «Ta K0J.1J.10U­vlcrnKa KOJ.1J.1am tlilv 1i1..1..rov lla1..KavlKlilv XroplilvMv J.1lt0poOV vci ul09u"o'ouv cruv9"J.1a-.a ltOU 01 Bou1..­yapld, amid, Ku!l&pv"cr&l, fxouv pl~el Kal &K­J.1ua1..4uovml allO t"V &IlOX" tfj, ij"a, tOil<; ",a

54

1913 Kai J.1a1..una crt J.1la tllOXTt 1l0U tKatOVtaoe,<JuJ.1J.10pllilv K0J.1lta-.CitOrov &~o>It1..I<JJJtve, lCUl XP1]J.1a­tOOOt1]J.1&V&<; alt' aut&<; <I, \01&, Ku!l&pvit<Jel" (JI)­

veXICouv tTtv opd<n tOU, crta U1..1]V1Ki£ Kal aeplllKcitJ.1itJ.1am tfj, MaKeoovla,».3

'0 netcr611ou1..o<;. dXe avtlOpacrel ml, llpot<i<J&l,tOO KoMproq> <JXelii>v &vcrnKtroOlil<; Ollro, 9<i dXeKaVEI dOe ·E1..1..1]vu, J.1& llatplronKa al<J9itJ.1ata.'EpJ.1itv&Ucre tTtV allalt1]<n Yla J.1lci aUtov0J.11] MaKe­oovia crav J.1la auYKeKa1..UJ.1JJtV'l allOllElpa. vci teOoOvKatro allO .1l0u1..yaplK" &~oucria lleplOX&<; KatOIK1]­JJtv&<; allO ·EH1]VE,. :EtTtv llp6>t1] aq>0PJ.1it. m"v"p6>t1] llpoK1..1]<JI, cpavep6>01]Ke to Itape1..06v toOJ.1IKpOamoO Kal it «J.1ltOUpCOOOOIK1]» ayroy" Kalo.vampocpit tOU Ko.tro alto '0 &lllcpavelaKO K0J.1J.10U­vlcrnK6 tlti<JtproJ.1a.

'0 nemollou1..o, otv dxe avn1..1]cp9fj tOU, llaO"­tepou, 1..oyou, 1l0U &KPUlltOvtO ll!<Jro allO t"V "ItO-

3. nE1'<JonOUA.oc;. op. cit., atl. 30.

at1ipI~'l tfl~ KOI!l\,ttpv ato ~1']t'll!a t1'l~ aabtovo­I!'l' Ma1(tSov(~)). 'H S'll!ayroy(a (mtp t1'l, autovo­I!(a, tJc I!tpou, tooV KOl!l!OUVlatooV ltpaKtO prov 90.

tKtpSI~t aUlI'l'rova lit tl, ltpoaSoKie, t1'l, KOlllVttpv,XIAoUi&, ,hollrov lI& o.~t~«l 'l ltiat'l Kai o.lI'l'i~oA.&,

t9VIKt, Kattu9uvael, lItaa at1']v KapSla tooV BaAo­Kavirov. 'Eav it ltPOltayavSa Kai it S'lliOKo"la Kat",p­arovav va S'lliloupyijaouv ~va aUtOVOliO MaKtSOVI­KO Kp<it~, it KOlllVttpv fiAoltl~t on 90. o.<>KoOat t~al­

pttlKij tltlPp01'] Kai 9li lIltOpoOayva XP'lmllo"oui­a'l to vto aUtO Kpo.tO' 00, a'llitlo tKKlvijaero, Ylavta lI£yaAoUTtpa nAoliata lItaa a-.a BllA.1COVla. Kai tavo.KOI!'l Stv lltpaYlla-.o,,0I00v-ro 01 o.lt"'-.ept, ailTt, t""SI"'~tl" 1'j-.o ~t~alO on 1'i (modv'la, tapaxoov Kaiij O'llilOupyia ~'lt'lllosrov 90. &lj>tPVt at MaKOAo'l at­m -.ptI, o.atlKt, ~aAoKaVlKt, Ku~pvijat" -.au-.o­

Xpov"".

-Olav 0 nt"'OltOUAo~ tltta-.pt'l't altO tijv 1:6­lj>la, it OUlllttpllj>Opa TOU at" aU<>Ktljll t1'l, BKOt"tKp£9'l Splllumm altO t"V 0lloSa tKtivrov ltOU

U1t&atijpI~av -."v KOlllv-.tpv lI&aa atO tA.'-'lVIKOKOlilla. 'H ato."" -.ou d"av 1'jto altapaA.0Y'l)) Kai"lIIYlla iJ1tepKOlillouvlalloO, aro~IVlalioO Kai pelj>0p­1IIalloO». Mt-.a altO ltOAoA.e, ",tat', o.vayKad't'lK& valj>uy'l 0."0 -.ov aPI~O""aat'l)), "ou l'imv 00, to-.t 1010­K-''lcrld tOU Kai ltOU 1'j-.av -''''pa ltla ouma=K<i ittlj>'lll£pISa -.00 KOl!lIa-.~ lit o."OKA.&lanKO aXt50vo.vayvroatlKO KOIVO -.0. lI&Ao'l -.00 KOl!lIa-.~ Kai -.ou,Sla'l'0POU, oull"a900vm,. •ApyoTtpa t~&~Aoija'l tv­tt~ Kai 0."0 -'0 KOlilla.

. TO KOMMA yn01:THPIZEI TO MAKE!iONIKO

01 KOlll!OUVlatai a-.panoo-.al, "ou t"tatpt'l'ava-.1']v 'EAoMS.a lI£Ta 0."0 -."v Ka-.app&um -.00 111­KpaalanKoO lI£-'"",OU l'i-.av 01 "pooTOI "ou ul09tt'l­aav t"V ~ouAoyapIK" o.ltaiT'lm Yla ~va lIaKtSOVlKOKpa-.o,. 1:-'0 'E9v'KO 1:ulI~ouAoIO TOO KOlllla-.o, TOVMalo toO 1923 &A.a~ TO A.6yo 0 ·EA.&u9tpI~ 1:Tau­pIS'l, Yla Aooyaplaallo -'1'1, vta, ab-.1'I, lI£PIS~ Kai

1923. T£A&T1i tni TOU KOTOOTPW\JOT<X: TOU 8puAlKOO .·A6tpw~. nopouolQ TOU "po·tlipou Tr;C T6T& Ku8cpvl'lOEWC 'AA£E. nonovoOToaiou. 6Alyov \JETO TrlV jJ&TonoAiTcuOIV.

55

""ttuxe va o,aru"roaij ilia a"O<pam, "oil ltepleMlloflave "al t" a,,,wa yUl "'Iv avayvo>plm toll «o,,,au»­lIato.; trov lIe'OVOt1\tOlV y,a aOt08uIOeenn. 'H a"al­tl]en, aOttl otv "-.av tOOO a06>a 000 Oa tpalvotav'OOle; ",a lIana "v"e; allUl]tOu. r,a "po>tl] tpopa t"

KOIII'OUVIOn"" "01l1'U £lXe ""lol]l'a a,,01i£xOij t"Vflou"yap'''tl Oto, on ""ilpxe Ottlv "apa,a -./bv Ba"­KavlOlv I'la «MaKeOOv'''tln "Ovotl]ta "oil '1""000­~olloe va lopuol] t" 0'100 tl], "OVI"" "pato.;.

Beflalro.; otv avetptpeto alt' eoo£l«.; Ot" MaKelio­

VI"" ~1\'l]l'a aUa°"aOEvae; il~epe tl "o1\lIalve "'''vltpaYl'anKO'I]t<1 aOttl " tpatV0I'£VIKa av6>auvl] "pO­,aen,. T" oiJvOl]l'a "epi MaKeoov'''ile; aOtoVOllla,uloOe,1\OI]"e "al ""lol]lIa I'£p,,,oile; I'ilv£.; apyo,e­pa a"" -."v avm,p60Ol"o toll K0l'l'a,o.; o-."v 'Ene­

AeOnK" 'E""pOlttl 'ile; KOllllouv'''''''il, A,eOvoll,O,tl Mooxa. '0 N. 1:apyoMyoe; a"eo,a"l] o,tlv Mo·oxa t" tpO,VO"OlPO toll 1923 Yla va Mfll] IIEPo.; ",I,ou~op,aoel, ,ij, ""OI'£Aelae; 'ile; EKKA Kal

'il, 'EK,eAeon"ile; 'E"ltpOltile; 'il, BKO (Ba""a­vt"ile; KOllllouvlonKile; 'Olloo"ovol«.;).

Ka-.a 'tl'v 'o;apKe,a ,rov ouveop,aoeOlv ,roy tuoaOtrov OOll'a,OlV " Baol"l] KoMpOltp "al " r"eopyxuAI]I'I]'p6>tp, 01 Bou"yapOi """POOOl"Ol, ylall,a a"O­Ill] tpopa "~1\'l]oav liE "",onK" tpO"o 'tlV E"lol]l'l]"al -.U"'Ktl a"ooox1\ tile; «MaKeOOvIKil, ao,ovo­IIlae;n <l><; OUvOtllla,o.; t" ""oiov llaA,om aviJ"'CJ>O'av0" «Otl'a apxile;n.

'H ",aol, ,roy BOU..yapOlv avn"poo6l1tOlv "-'0!o,altEpOle; a"poo06"l]tl], AallflavOI'EVOU ",,' 1I""v on

t" flou"yap,,,o "ollila £lXev ""o"'il ,"V 'OK'o>flplO,oil 1923 ~va ouvtplltn"" ""ijYlla, OtaV ,,~ ahla,til, ""'lIovile; ,ije; KOl'lV,tpV dXev ""oKlv1\oel il,a"~Eyepo, o,tl Nofla Zayopa. M" "eplOlp'OI'EVI] 110­VOV",II;<!I' ap"eta olo,anl"tl O"O"'1\PI~1 tK I'EpOUe;,rov aypo,rov, 01 "Ollllouv",al £lxav ouvtp'flil a"","V o,pa,,, tile; Kuflepv1\oeOJ.; ,oil ToayKO>tp. '0 Ko­

MPOlq> Kal " AI]III]'PWq> liE I'la "lIaoa 2.000 ",,,,rovOpa"E'£uoav o,tlv rIOUYKoo"aflla. Mtoa 0" A.lyee;Eflool'aoee; 01 ouo Bou..yapol "OIlI'0Uvlotal "yEt£.;,1'" I'£P'KOu'; a"" toile; ol]lIavnKcil,epoue; ""aom",ae;'OlV "atatpepav va tpOaoouv o-.tlv 1:ofl,en"tl POloiaKal va "YKa,ao,aOollv "ov,a 0'1\ Mooxa' .

'Htav tpavep" on aOtEe; 01 ooflap", a"otllxlee;OEV £lxav altoOappuvl] ,oile; ouo BoUA.yapoJl.; "yEte,.

'A"o"ouOO>Vta, '" a~IOll'a lin " ""IOeen, £IvaI "Ka..Utepl] IiIlUva, ij""l]oav "Ieol II" o"ov Kal 118­yaM,epl] "ltll'ovtl Kal OOEVOe; yUl ,"v altOOOXtl tollouvOiwatoe; 'il, «Ma"eOOvtKij, aO-.ovollla,n ell,

4. Dragomir Nenoff, The Communist Partyo f B u I gar i a (XelpOypaq:tOv. BlPAl09itICTl TOO KO')'1Cptaou.OuacnYKWV), cro..4.

56

OEllato.; ,,"'"ov aPxlle;. 1:t" "P0l]youllevo ""'X£lpl]lIaon toil, "mv altapaltl]to ao,,, t" oiJvOl]lIa Yla va"pooe""uoouv toil, «Ma1CeMvee; "pootpuy£.;n "po­oEOeoav t"V OeOlpla lin ij"",~av va "pooe""uoouv"al va "pool]"utloouv "al toile; KOlllta'~iloe,

til, IMRO CEoOl,epl"ll, MaKeooV11Cile; 'E"avao,a­n"ile; 'OpyavciloeOl,) "oil o"o",volloe Kal (",EBaA.­",e '0 MaKeoovlKo OElla. 'A""oOloav TtlV tjna

TOUe; "aTa T"V "~Eyepcn toll '01C'Olflplou, "'''yeyov"e; on 01 KOII"aT~flo£.; ouvepyaOTI]KaV litT"V ToayKo>tp, "al tj,avtpavep" on " IOXuploll"e; ao­TOe; "epleiXh TOV oaq>fI ""atVlYIIO on liv ta flaA.KaVIKa"01'1I0UV'''''Ka KOflflata e1xav uloBe"iOE' TO oiJvOl]fla"y"alpOle; 01 KOII"at~lloee; Oa £lXav oo>oel 'tlV ",,0­oTl]pl~1 tou, ",oil, KOflflouvtcr,ae;.'

ME TtlV ""O"'1\PI~1 toll NnflltpI Mavou1\"""',tvoe; "YEtoU Tile; KOfllvtEPV, £lO'KOIl o,a OEfla,a ,illvBa""aviOlv, '0 OUvOl]lIa tfl, MaKeoovl"il, ao,ovo­IIlae; UIOOE'tl0I]Ke a"" 'tlv EKKA Kal T1\V 'Ene­

"eonK" 'E""polttl 'il, Ba"KavI"ile; KOfll'0Uvto,,"fI,'OflOo"ovola, "al avayopEUOI]1Ce 0" ~1\Tl]fla apxil,.

°EtOl " ""oo'1\pI~Ie; '00 OUV0tlfla'Oe; Ka,to'l] ""0­XPEOlnK" Yla o"a Ta "0l'fla-.a - flE"I]. 01 rlOuyxooM­floi aVnltpOOOl"OI MlpKOfl"e; "al MIA.IOKOfl"e;0" ilia o"avlU "al "K"AI]KnK" btlOEI~1 altE,Oolae;apv1\OI]"av va altOOEXOOOv '0 oiJv9l]fla'

'0 °EUl]v avn"pOOOlltO, N. l:apyoMyo, xOlple;va ~Xl] £lol""e; 65l]yIEe;, a"o5£xOI] '0 oUVOl]fla YlaA.oyaplaoflo toll "oflfla,o, fla~1 flE 1.500 xpuo", ..1­

P£.; 01 Oltoiee; li"O'E"oOoav I'EpOe; 'il, ",I]ola, ou~,o­tpoplie; "10 3.000 A.lpillv ltoil Ka,tfla"e " KOfllvttpvltpOe; '0 t ....I]VI"O '''flillla. tl]'. '0 l:apyoMyo.; OEVltapEoCJ>O'E ,a XP1\lIa,a ao,a 0'0 KOflfla. ·Otav ~tpOaoo

o,"v 'E"Moa, (oXuplo'l]"e on fltEoe Ollfla "I]o,ela,Ot"V 'ha"la. Alyo apyotepa ftpuye Yla ,Ie; 'HvCl>­

flEve, Oo""eie,'T" "Oflfla "po,ll'l]oe "pooOlp,va va "apa"afl"'l]

'0 yoyovoe; on " 1:apyoMyo.;, £lXe avaMflel OUyxE­"PlflEVI] "lt0XPEOlOI 0'0 OEfla 'ile; Ma"Eooviae;.'Y"O -.tlV deOl ap"E'rov "yenKrov o,eAeXrov, "oilijOE"av va avaflaAouv flla "plon"1\ a"otpaOl 1tclVOl

0'0 "OVI"O ~1\'l]lIa, " Kev,pl"" 'Emtpo"tl ""E_flaAe ~va "o;0flVl]fla o'1\v EKKA "''' MooXa ~I]­

,o>v,ae; "epiooo,epE, It''I]POtpOpIE, "al OI£uKplvloel,"ltl ellploflEvOlV Ol]flEIOlV. 'AKofla Kal ,a flEhl] 'p'­I'EA.olle; KEV'pIKfI, 'E""po"fle;; "oil "~E","YI] a"o TO

S. ·10£ Ch. Anastasoff, The Tragic Peninsula1St. Louis, Blackwell Wieland, 1938), "tA. 33.

6. Fifth Congress of the CommunistInter nat i on al: A brid ged R eport rEJC&oa~KK}lpEtavi~, 1925), "tA. 191. 'ECPE~~,: A b rid g e d Rep 0 r t,F 1 ft h.

7.l:taup(a~" op. cit., atA. 177-179.

'E&Vl1CO tU~~OUAtO tOY <1leppouapto toO I~24,__9tvlrull<PfllvoO<Jav tlll toO OE~at~. '0 KopSii<~, 0OllolOe; elXe i>ll'lpet1]<Jet roe; a~LC>l~anKOe; tOO 1:tpatoOatl) MalceSovla tlllatsue on TJ uloOh'l<ne; autfje; tfje;llOAttlKfje; Oli alle~Evoove to Ko~~a allO tie; ~Ii~&e; t(i\vtllapXt(i\v ~fj~_ Bopelou 'EAAliS~ Kal Oli i:pAallte toKOp~ toU Ston Oa to llapouma~e roe; opyavo t(i\vBouAyapc,w. '0· tepacp&i~ Ma~t~oe; - OtacpoovWVtae;~t tOV KopMto tllE~&V& «on to KKE Oa Ellpellellpillta all' oAa va UllaKOU'l <Jtie; M'lyiee; tfje; Ko­~tvt&pV))8. '0 ElOOlliie; 'Alloo-.OAiS'le;, to tpito IIEAOe;tfje; K.E. aPviIO'lKe va AliP'l OEm ~E tOV I<JXUPI<JIIOVon Mv TJtav tV'lliepOOIiEVOe; <JxenKa I't t1]v Kata­<Jta<n <Jt1)v tAA'lVtK1] MaKeSovia.

To ~1]t'llia allEn'l<Je IOtait&p'l O~Ut'lta otav totAA'lVIKO K01'1I0UVL<JtlKO Ko~~a EAap& llPOCJ1CA'l<Jtallo t1]v MO<Jxa va <Jt&iA'l toUe; avtlllpo<JcilllOUe; tOU<JtO 50 llayKo<Jllw I:uvESPlO t~~ Kowvttpv, ltOU &IXellPoypalillatl<J0il Yla tie; 17 'Iouviou 1924. 'H llpO<J­KA'l<Jle; ll&pleAaIiPave Ilia llepiepy'l ·llPO<J01]K'l:01 avttllp0<J0l1l0t toO KKE Oa EllPEll& va elVaLllpOetotlla<JIIEVOt va CJU~'lt1]<Jauv· -;'0 «t9vLKO ~~­

t'llla)). na ta IItA'l toO KOliliatOe; TJ KpulltoypacpL1C11aUtl) cppame; Sty 1I1tOPOO<JE llapa va EX'l ~La Kal ~OV'l<J'llla<Jia: to Otlla tfje; MaK&SOVIKile; autovo­lIiae;.

'0 naVV'le; KopMtoe;, to apxatotepo IItAoe; tile;K&vtptKile; 'Emtpollfje;, Mv tliExO'l va av,,"po<JOO­ll&U<J'l 0 ISwe; to KOlilia <JtO 50 llaYKo<J~w CJUVEOpLO,llpocpav(i\e; Yla va (LllOcpUYll tl)v alloSoxl) tile; «Ma­K&OOVtKile; aUtOVOlllae;» avtiO&ta all' 5,n lli<JtEu&Kal O&oopoO<Je cppOVL~O. 'Avt' autoO 0 t&pacpelllMa~tIlOe;, <JuvoSeuo~EVOe; allo tOV ll. llOUAIOllOUAO,Ecpuye yU1 tl)v MO<JXa IIE<JC!' r&Pllaviae;.

_1:tl) MO<JXa ot 060 -EU'lV&e; KOIIIIOUVt<Jtal Ppt­0'lKaV aVtlllEtOOllOt 0Xt- 1I0VOV liE ~1]t'l~a MaKeoo­vtKile; aUtOvOliiae; aAAa Kal ElpaKLKfje; aKO~'l, <Javva elX& KaveL ~a·cpVtKa, tv IItii VOKti tl)v t~cpavt<Ji

t'le; Kal ElpaKtKI) tOVOt'le;. '0 Mavou1]ACJ1Ct, 0 elSt­KOe; tiie; KOlltVtepV <J"1 ~'lt1]lIata tillv BaAKavloov,toO tOVtKOO &!<J'lY1]O'lKe to OE~a.'AvacpepOII&V~<Jtle;llepLllAoKee; ~'ltiIllatOe; &Ille:

«TO. llOAAll ",paAliata llOU SIEllpa~av to. Sta­cpopa tll1]lIata tile; KO~lvtepV <JX&tlKa lit to ~1]­

t'llia auto, ocpeiAovtat atO yeyovoe; Otl llO),.AOI allotOUe; <JUVtpocpoue; line;, Mv EXOUV allanayfj aKO~'l

allo tl) o-O<JLaAa'lIiOKpatlKI) ISeoAoyia... llOAUxapan'lpl<JtlK1] elvat TJ atame; toO <JUVtpocpouMlpKOPlte; (rWUYKO<JAlipOU) <JX&tlKa lit to Ma­KeSovLKo ~1]t'llia. tta IipOpa tOU EKcppa~&t tl)v

8. Ailt60" a.'. 181.

yVWII'l Otl to MaKeSOVlKO ~1]t'llia Stv elvat KataKaveva tPOllO pa~KaVlKO aAM &UpOOllaIKO llpOPA'l­IIU, llOU Mv ~llop&l va AuOil llplV va KatOpOooOilTJ VIK'l toO &uprollalKoO llp04mptatoU llavoo <Jtl)lI11oup~oua~ia. 'Eav to ~1]t'llia "Oil "<n. 11010 00.elVaL to allOt e4<Jlla : MIa lla0'l' IKI) allA&c; <Jtame;tOO KO~1I0uvtattKoG KOII~atOe; <J1: Eva allo to. mocpAEyovta ~'lt1]~am rcou ava<JtatwvOuv tl)vtrcoxl) autl) tie; Slacpop&<; pahavlKee; tOvo.t'ltee;.

llapollolu "'I'aAliam Kavouv Kal 01 -EAA'lvee;<JUvt pocpol lIae; <JxetlKa lit to MaK&SOVtKO. llplvarco A(youe; IIfjvee; 5mv 1110. EVOllA'l (Jljppa~'l cput­vomv avallocpeUn'l <Jta Bahavlu.... TJ 'EKte­A&<JtlK1] 'EftltpOll1] tiie; BaAKavtKfje; 'OIl0<JllOV­Mae; t~tSooa& Eva ~aVtcpEatO, ~1: to 011010 EKaveEKKA'la'l ato llpoAEmpliito tillv BaAKavLKillv xoo­p(i\v va opOw<J'l to avaat'llia tOU Kal va ~'lt1]<J'l

tl)v aVE~aptOllo('lal tile; MaK&SOvlae;. To tn'l­VIKO KOlIlIOUVtattKO KOlilia OXt 1I0VOV Mv S'l~O­

msuae to ~OVtcpEatO autO, aAAa Eat&IA& Kal at­tlOAOYll~tV'l SlaliaptUp(a tvavtlov t~C; f.KSO<J'le;tvoe; thOIOU tyypacpou»'Ka9' oAov to Slaat'llia tile; rcEpLMou tfje; trcava­

atatlKile; avampaxile; atl) BouAyapia. llOU aVE­cpep& Kal 0 MaVOU1]ACJ1CI, to tAA'lVtKo· KOII~OUVt­atlKO KOII~a S1:v EKaV& llpaYliatl tillOtE yta va PO'l­01]a'l tOUe; BouAyapoue; KO~1I0UVlatte; Kal tOUe; «au­tOVOlitatte;» tfje; IMRO ('E<JootEpIKfje; MaKeSovl­Kile; 'EllaVaatatlKfje; 'OpyavwaEooe;) ato va tn&­AEaouv to. cfXESla tOUe; yLa tl) MaK&Sovla.

ttle; 6 Malou toO 1924 aVtlllpOaOOllOl toO BouAya­ptKOO KO~1I0Uvt<JtlKOO KOlillat~ Kal tfje; IMROelXav (1ll0ypa1jl&l litO. CJU~cpoovla CJUvepyaalae; Yla tl)vaUtovo~'l<Jt tfje; MaK&Sovlae;. 'AAM, 5tav I) CJUllcpOl­via autl) EytV& YVooat1] ava~&aa atOUe; tOvtKI<JtlKOi>c;KUKAoue; tillv KOliltat~1]Soov tile; IMRO, tS'lIlWUP­Y1]O'lKE acpaVtaatOe; avappaaIlOe;. '0 aPX'lyoe; tile;IMRO Tovt0p 'A4~avtpwcp to&OOP1]O'lKE Illl&\>­Ouvoe; Yla t1]v CJUvEpyaaia aun) ~ tl)v KOII~OU­

VtatlKI) 1]y&<Jia. '0 KUpIWt&pOe; avtl~ 'lAOe; tOU atoKOliltiito, 0 'Ipav Mtxa1]AOOcp, EKplve llWe; elXe cpta­a&l TJ Iilpa yta tOY llapa~EptaliO toO •AA&~avtpwcp.'H opyavOO<ne; tfje; SOAocpoviae; toO 'AA&~av(pwcp

Mv "tav Kal toao SOOKOA'l i>llOO&<ne; OtaV t~llvSU­

atile; t'le; "taV 0 ISwe; 0 i>llapX'lyoe; tile; IMROMlxa1]Aoocp. 1:1: Alyo KaLpO 0 'AA&~avtpwcp Eit&cpte v&­KpOe; allo tie; acpalpEe; tillv SOAOCPOVOOV toO KOliltatOu.'0 Mtxa1]AOOcp llOU tOV St&IiEXO'l atl)v 1]y&mct tiie;IMRO auvto~a EPPl1jl& <JtOV KaAaOo tillv O.XP1]-

9. A b rid g e d Rep 0 r t, F i { t h. 0'&)".. 191.

57

Mia IOTopnu; ~ToYPOfPla ana Trlv 8E~£AIWOf1 ToO Mcyapou ToU MeTOXIKou To~clou1"Tparou E1e TOV XWpov TWV BOOI.).IKWV OTouAuw, napa Tliv Mov I T05lou. Alottplvc­

Tal ck TO ~toov 6 np6c6poc: Tlie. tnavoOTOTIKfle. Ku6epvflocux: ToU 10922, Kpotu5Oc.(1) AlnAo TOU np6<: TO 5cE,ov Tij<: cp.lToypolploc: 0 OTp<ITIly6<: Mol:opo"'lc, (3) tv

ouv£xck;l - 6 npweunoupyoc .AAcE. nonavoOToolou (2). .AplocpQ ToU KpoKI6a 6'lwOvv~c MtToEoc (5)'

mOlV tilv lJIll1cpOlvla tfj~ 61l~ Maiou toO 1924"no. to 1:£paq>sll1 Ma!;'110 to VOlll1a t&v ~ll'lCpl­

atOlV toO MavoUliAalC. "itav aaq>BatatO, Kat'l10­pollaav to lCol1l1a 5n alColl'l1a lItv ~!;tllAi]POlVE tolCa9fjlCov tou 11~ aq>oalOlm lCal lJIlVBllEIa IIllOl~ ib­q>&IAt to tl1fjl1a tfje; KOIl'VtBpV, npoaEd91laE 1..01­llOV I> Ma!;'110e;, Vo. llapOUma"'l 11'0. ~!;i]rllm r'o.tilv apvIltllCil atam toll ~UIlVllcoll tl1i]l1atOe; tfje;KOI1.vtBpV, Erllt a..o lJIlVBOPIO:

«'H 9Bme; toll ~AAIlVllCOll lCl>l1l1at~ llavOl mo Mil­lCtOOVllCO ~i]tlll1a, o~v Elva. uutil lloil laxupl~Etu.

I> Muvoui]AalC' lin Elvm. Ka9E t~VIICil I1E10V6­tllta JlplalCS' ollEpa"".at~ ato llpl>aOl!lI> l1ue;

10. Ruth Fischer, S tal i n an d G e r m an .Co m­m u n ism (Cambridge, U.S.A., Harvar.d university Press.1948), ",,-, 465 - 470. 'Ellll1Tlt; J. Swire, B,u I.a ria DCa D­s p ira c y (LoDdoD, Robert Hale, 1939) <J<l.. 180·190, lCatAnastasoff, 0 p. cit., passim.

58

~q>' lIaov I> arIDVac; tOlV t9V.lC&V I1E.OVOti]tOlV dVllItaut6ipova lCal arIDvae; tOlV ~Vo.VtlU, milv lCU­P(UPXIl to.!;Il... Elva. aAn!lE.a lin at£lAaliE tvarpal1l1u atil BaAlCUVllCil' 'Ol1o,movolu lCal Ola­l1aptUPll9i]lCalis lin 0llI10mEUOVtUe; to auv91ll1atfje; Uutovol1lae; tfje; MUlCEoovlue; otv naJlE IIllOl<;lllPEllE ",,' 6'l"v tile; tie; auv9fj1CSe; tfje; ~q>apI10rfje;

tOU milv 'EAAaoa,

Msto. til l:uv9i]lCIl tfje; AOl~avlle;, llAoI 01 Tollp­lCO' lCato.lCO. tfje; MalCEoovlae; avarlCo.a91llCaV v'alloXOlpi]aouv lCal '1'1 tUIlVllCil I1ll0UP~ouu~lu

~1"attmllas 700 X,A. llpl>aq>Urse; mil 9Bm tOlV. TotullVllCO lC0l1110uVlm.lCo lCOl1l1a ata91llCE avt.­IlltOlllO lCul !lit Elva. llavtOtS aVtlllltOlllo a' aOtiltilv Jl.a.l>tllta ICaOroc; ICal atil l:uv9i]lCIl tfje; A~a~Vile;. Elo. dl1aatE sumXEle; frv ml 01 aUVtPOq>OITollplCOI tlCllvav to 10.0 llpo.rl1a. 'AUa to rSyOVOe;

ltapallEV&1 lin llltapxouV 700.000 "E)")",,v&<; ltpoa­q>uy.<; at1) Mmc.Sov{a. 01 tpyat.<; Stv &IvaI EltO­IIEvro<; ftOlliOl va S.x,oCv to miv9'lIla tfj<; Ma­,,&Sovucfj<; aOtovolI{a<;...»ll

'0 Ma~IIlO<;, ato ~aao<; tfj<; IjIUxfj<; tOU "°1111°0­Vlat1)<; a"oll", ltEaav. aOto.~oplato<; a,1) B1EVV"ata 1961. 'H atam<; tOO ato 50 ltay"oalilO <rOVE­SplO tfj<; KOlllvttpv, omv iiip9roa. to' aVaat"lIa tOUKai ataa"K. avtlllEtrolto<; <rro Mavom'1),,""I, O!tfjp~~1) )"allltpOt.pa anYIl1) tfj<; ~rofj<; tau. tm;pK&a& lll1ro<;lto)"u ),,(yo. M&'ra alto It{.m t" IItpou<; tfj<; KOlllvtEPVa)"M "at alto tOV nOU)"IOltOO)"O, <rOv&'I'rov"a. ""aialt.Mxa" Yla )"oyaplaaliO toC KKE "ai tfj<; K&v­tP1Kfj<; 'EltltP0ltfj<; tOU tl<; altoq>aa&l<; toC l:uv.Splooltavro <rro 'E9vl"0 ~l'jt"lIa. Zl'jt"a& 1I0VOV 1)alK1)l>ltO<rrl'jPl~1 altO t1)v KOII1VtEPV Kai t1)v Ba)"KaVl"1)KOlillouVlan"1) 'OIiOaltovMa ylli va avtalt.~E)"9"

<rr1)v avtlSpaal ltOU l'jtav ~E~UlO<; lin aa &Upl"".IIEaa an'> Hilo tOU to KOlilia at1)v 'E)"MSa.

To 50 naYKoalilo l:uvESplO alt&q>ama. «va Sla-

II. Abridged Report, Fifth, as).. 205-206.

MO''1 to' miva'1l1a yui ilIa Ba)""aVl"1) 'OIl0lJltovSla!arov Kal av.~aptl'jtrov S"lIoKpanlilv tpyatlilv "alaypotlilv» Kal avE9.a. <rr1) Ba)"KaVl"1) KOIIIIOU'vlanK1) 'OIl0lJltovSlil '0 Ka9fjKov. «Va avaM.~" vaSI&KSllt.pa,roa" "ai va aOvtovta" ,1) SoJu'a ,IilvBa)"KaVlKlilv KOIIIIOU'v,<rr'Klilv KOlllla,rov ';t <rOvSu­aallo lit '0 t9v'KO Kal ISlalt.pa lit '0 MaK.SoVlKOKal epl.K1KO ~l'jt"lIa».12

Kal ao,o aKolI" to «epaK1KO ~l'j'''lIa», ltOU It&­pl.)"l'jq>a" a'1)v altoq>aa, Ka,' ao,ov 'ov ,pOltO, fy,v.S&",O M,allaptup"ta altO tOV Ma~'1I0. "O!tro<; Kcivlix" to ltpaYlia Ka9. avtlSpam<; q>atvomv lIaml".

Tov NOEIiPPIO toli 1924 lit ,l'jv «av"",ill"'" <r01I­ltapaa,aa", tlilv avnltpoaroltrov 'fj<; KOII,vttj>V Kallit· ,ov nOU)"IOltOO)"O Kopoq>alo toli xopoC, ,0 Tpito-EK,a",o l:UVtSPIO toC KKE avttp&ljI& ti<; avtlppl'j­

a.l<; '013 KopMtou Kai alt.Stxa" 0ll0q>rova '0 miv­

9"lIa ylli lI,a av &~ ap , " t" MaK&Sovta "alepa"" aav a~lrolia Kal aElia apxfj<;, "avo> at6 oltolo

12. X. K(1JJ.7ta.X:O:lECJl, M 7t a A. )( avale (J r 1a K 0 J.1 J.1 0 u­VLa~ltatCJxarla ~tVttp6.t(Jla. (M6crxa, nco­aU;VTa< PIOU, 1930), <TEA. 222.

e. :IocpouA.,<: I(oi 'AA. nanavooTooiou KOTO Tl')V 25l1v MOpTiou, 1,924.

59

"'mv a"apUO£IC''l 61tOlUOit"Ott aVOtlCt" OtUlj>lllvla.'AICOAouOrovta<; <0 O')(rt'llia "ou EytV£ altO <0<£

ollllU ICa<att9£v <11<; IColillouvto"lCll<; <aIC"ICIl<; 01 'EA­A'lV£<; IColillOUvto<ai OtICUtoA0r'l0UV <1'1v u"oo<itpt!;t<00 9£lIa<o<; <11<; av£~'ap<'loiu<; <11<; MaIC£oovia<; ICaiep6.IC'l<; ell<; yEVvat6<pPOVll ouv"oq>op6. <ou<; o<1'1vOlU<1'1P'l0t <11<; £ipi]v'l<;. '«'0 vto, ill"£ptUAtO,,ICo<;,,04!!0<; "A'lota!;" <"v BUAICUvtK1'1 X£POOVV'loo III:ytyavttala ~itllu<U» E4yav £i<; <0 IIUvtq>to", ,,£pi",0 tOVtICOO !;'l<i]IIU<O<; "ou t!;£060'l a"o <0 ouvt­Opto. «'Eq>' OOOV 0 "'1J!Eptvo<; OIUII£AtoIlO<; ICui i]ICa<a"l£ot<; <11<; MUK£oovia<; ICal <11<; 0paK'l<; t!;a·ICOAOUOOOV Mv II"OPOOJ!E va a"oq>UYllllI£ <OU<; 111"£'ptUAtO"ICOU<; "oMIIOU<;... I""t' aUTo ayrovl!;Ollao,£, y"it1'1v tvo"ol'lot. <alV <pllilv <Olltlllv <11<; MUK£OOV[U<;Kui <11<; ElpaIC'l<; ICui yta <"v av£!;uptO"Oi'l01 <ou<;n13

Ao<" it "apaypuq>o<; £iX£ onjv "puwunKO<'ltUttpaottU "'1l1aoiu.

Mia q>paot<; OU01UO<llCli KPUlllltV'l IItoa 0<1'1q>AOy£Pit p'l<oplu <00 lIavtq>tOtOU <roy "avlll 0<0tOvtICO !;itt'llia EAtr£ : •

«'E6:v otv OUVtplljllllJ!E tOY lI"oup!;ouaollCo tOVtICO!;uyo "ou <aAat"lllp£l t1'1 MUK£oovia ICui tit Elp6.IC'lOl:V Oa lI"OptolllJ!E vo. OUV<piljllllJ!E <0 lI"oup~oua"

OtICO ICOtVlllVtKO !;uyo "ou <aAamrop£! tlla<;nll.ElvUl 'I'uv£pO 0" it lOPOO1<; IIta<; av£!;apt'lt'l<;

MaIC£oovia<; ICui lila<; avtl;o.pt'l<'l<; ElpaIC'l<; i:9£(O­pElto ell<; "pou"oO£ot<; yta nj oO~l£<o'tOi'lOI<11<; 'EA­Moo<;, 1:'i<; oiICE<; tlilv a!;tllllla<ouxrov toO KKE"ou t"poIC£l<O vo. ylvouv apyo<£pu, uv<1'1 it ICEvtPlK1'1Iota ayvoit0'lK£. noHol loXuploO'lKav o<1'1v u,,£­p6.=10l <lllV /itl <0 OUV0'lliu <11<; av<ovollla<; Mva"ot,,"oOo£ "poOoola tq>ooov <0 IColilia Mv oUV'l­YOpoOOE ootp <11<; a"o>.Ao<plroO£lll<; tOvtIClilv "£plo­XIDV. "H'tQV 0:7tA..IDc;, &btav, Ilia «lmocrx&mt;» 'tou -rttox£ola!;£ vo. lCUV'l <6 KOlilia Mv Kai omv Oa tpxo<uv","v t!;ouola. Kai 0llro<; <6 IIUVIq>tOtO EOElXV£ Ka­

Oapo. on <0 KOIIIIU tlX£ 0110'1' III VU avaM~£l

t1'1v U"OXptlll<Jt vo. aYlllvloOIl yui <ov a"oXlllplOIiOtOVllClilv ,,£ptoXlilv OXt J!E<0. aHa "piv Ep0'l Otitvt!;ouola. 'H a"oq>aot<; av<it tllPOK£ltO vo. llUPUII£lv'l<0 lIeYUAuttpo tllll60to y,o. <1'1v aVall<U!;1 <00 KOII­lIa<o<; Ylo. llOAAo. XPOVtu}'

'H UltOo<itpt!;t<; llOU t060'l a"o <1'1v KOIIIIOUVt­O<lIC1'1 dteOvll Yla titv lopuot MUICeoovtlCoO ICul 0pUKt­ICOO Kpa<ou<; otv £tval eUICoAov va ICa<av0'l0i'j te­

4iro, liv Mv <J1V 011 Kuvei<; at ouvouaollo III: <J1VICOtVlllVtICit ouvO£Ot <Iilv BaAICavilllv '1'1v tllOX1'1 tK£iV'l.

'04<; 01 BUAICUVtICI:<; xlilpe<; "'<av, ICa<a ICUpto AOyO,

13. PIt 0"" a" q" 14 A'K.~Ppiou 1924.14. A6,691.15. n .."6,,ou~. 0 p. cit. oV.. 32.

60

ayponlCi:<; ICui /\4, llepte!xuv apK"t<; tOVtICt<;IIS10VO<'ltt<; "apa <1'1v £uputa<'l avmHay1'1 llA'l­OUOlililv "plv ICul lI£<a <ov llplil<o llaYICoOlito ll04110.'H KOlIlIOUVtOnK1'1 llpolluyavou Kul O'llluylllyia 96.tlXe llOAU "epllllplolltve<; "POO""Kt<; liv a"euOuv6­mv a"oK410"ICo. 0<0 'oAtyaptOIiO ~toll'lxavtKo

llp04mpta", <Iilv OIUq>0PlllV ~uAICavtKlilv xlllplilv.Oi aypow; Kai oi tOVtKt<; IIBlovo<'ltt<; "apou"lu·!;av "OAU KamAA'lAo<£pOU<; o<oxou<; Ylo. KOIiIlOUVl­o"K1'1 ol£loouot.

'Iolulttpa it OuouptOKEla Kui 01 q>tAoool;l£<; <IilvtOvtKlilv lIetoVo<1'1trov "pootq>£pav a!;loAoye<; £v."atpier; yta "oAmK1'1 O'lliaylllylu Kul "pollUyavoa.'Elll llMov oi llep,ooo<£pe<; tOVtKt<; IIBlOVO<'l<£<;"oav ouyxpovro<; oX£06v a"oK4to"Ka ayponKt<;.To tpho E1C<UlCtO ouvtoptO <00 KKE ouveoiJao£ <0.ouv01'1IlU<U «Yla 1110. ave!;ap<lj<'l MaKeoovia Kai0paK'ln lit <0 oUVO'llia <11<; «Ku~tpv'lo'l<; tlilv tpyu­tlilv Kal aypo<lilvn. Kai E<o, to'llitoUPY1'1O'lK£ EVUoUV0'llla, "ou to. llepteAo.lI~av£ oAa. d'lAaoi] toOuVO'llili '00 «'Evllllltvou Metro"ou tlilv tpyatiilv,aypo<iilv Kal Katallte!;0lltvlllv lIetoVo<1'1<lllVll. To&~001i0 IipOpo tlilv allOq>ao£rov, llOU u{oOt<ljO£ toouvtopto, U£ye <0 t!;i'j; :

1:ta Bahavta, " UllOOti]PI!;'l tiilv lI£toVO<1'1­tlllV allo <0 KKE o<ov ayiilva <ou<; yto. a,,£4u­OtPllllJ'l EXEl lJitliepa a"oq>alJtlJnK1'1 "'1l1aola ytat1'1v KOtVlllvtK1'1 t7lava"'ao'l ..... To 'EVllllltvo Mt­trollO <Iilv tpya<iiiv, aypo<iilv Kai U"OOOUAllllltvlllvIIElOVOt1'1<lllV, tvavTiov tile; 1I0up~oua~lu<; III: OKOllO<itv &vrolJ'l OAlllV <Iilv BaAKavlKlilv Aaiilv lJt lIuiBahuvlK1'1 'OlioollovOla, tlvat to j3a<JtKO. oUv9'llia",0 tAA'lVtICOO KOIIIIOUVtlJ"KOO KOlllla<o<;. ToKKE tq>apll6!;Bl o."OAU«t aut1'1 <J1 OtlJ'l Kal aton o.q>op~ <0 MaKeOOvtKO Kai 0pUKtKO ~1'1tljllalll'

Tauti~ovm<; <0 tOVtKO !;1'1t'llia lit t1'1v "pooootll<; tllavalJtalJelll<; Kai xapalCtljpl!;ovta<; to ro<;o.va'YlCalo Kal opyavtKO <lIlllla '11<; t"avalJmnKIl<;otaotKalJla<;, ol 'EAA'lve<; KOlIlIOUVtoml, tlxuv o.llo­oexOIl t1'1 OtaAeK"K1'1 ~aot llOU "mv o.llapuh'l<'l yto.,"v o.VUljlrolJt <i'j<; O'llitoupyla, MaKeOOVtKOO Kal0paKtKOO Kpawu<; lJta oUlJOerop'lm UIjI'l llOU lJuve"llayomv 0 ~pov<roO'l<; xupaKT'lPllJlI0<; «0tlla 'Ap·xllr;n. 'H ave!;ap''llJla 0lllll<; au,iilv ,Iilv Vtlllv «KpU''IilVll, tOelllpeho ro<; tva "POlJroptVO lIem~unKo o<a·

Oto. TeA'Ko<; aV"KEllleVtKOr; OKOllO, "<0 " Topuot<;tvo, llOAU evpu<tpou lJx1'1lla<o" llOU Oa lJuv1'1lJ7lt~£

OAOU, 'ou<; BahuvtKoU<; AUOU<; at litO. KOlIlIOUVtOnK1'1°IlOo"ovoia.

16. To KKE, 1918-1931, aeA. 354-355. 'ElrilJTl<;Ziv6Pl&fP, 0 p. cit., ad. 96,

To Iip9po tOW altoq>a"Bwv tii<; I:uvBABu"Bw<;. ltOUavuq>BpOtaV "tTJV Ku~tpvT]'" tiilv epyatiilv lCaiaypotiilv lCa! "tTJV BaAlCav'lCTJ 'OIlO""ovoia. Tjtavcrarpta'Ca'i:o :

«'0 ayiilva<; Ila<; y,o. tTJV lCato.lCtT]"T] tii<; el;ou"ia<;lCatBU9uVBta' "'TJV IlltoulX;ouo.O'lCT] ljla"'''UlCTJ OT]­llolCpatia, lCai EXB' ""OltO tTJV EVOltAT] elt,~oATJ

lCai elt'lCpo.tT]"T] tii<; Ku~tpvT]"T]<; tiilv epyatiilv,aypo.iilv lCai ltpO"ljluywv. Ka.alCtrovta<; tTJv "0­AmlCTJ el;ou"ia lCai OlatT]proVta<; tT]V Ill: .i<; tvO­ltAB<; OUVo.IlBl<; Ila<; 9a OT]lltoUPyi]"wIlB tl<; ltpoll­lt09t"B'<; Ylo. tTJ M"T] lto\> 9tl-oullB Ill: .0 I:uv­taYlla tiilv epyatiilv lCai aypotiilv Ila<;. KpanlCo­ltolT]"T] tii<; ~apBla<; ~tollT]xavia<;, EMYXo<; tiilvEpyatiilv ltavw "tTJV el-aljlpTJ ~tollT]xavia. Kato.p­yT]"T] .iilv ljlOpwv. tiilv oa"lliilv toil Bl"ayOlyl­lCoil EIl"OP(OU. 6i]IlBU"T] tiilv IlByo.l-wv t<nljlAl­lCllUV, tii<; IOtolCtT]"la,? tiilv elClCAT]",iilv lCaillo\·a"tT]pliilv. lCpanlCOlto(T]"T] tii<; Yii<; lCai ola­VOIlTJ tT]<; "I: alCti]1l0vB<; lCai ll'lCP0\><; lCaAA1Bp­YT]tl:<; ¥La a!;IOlto(T]"T]. Kato.pYTJo'T] tiilv ljlO-

pwv, tiilv (m09T]1Ciilv lCal tiilv ayponlCiilv XPBiilv. 'Y­ltO"ti]P'!;T] ltpo<; to\><; XWPllCO\><; ltO\> txouv IlllCpTJIOLOlCtT],,(a lCal IiEv elCllBtaAMUOVta, to\><; epyo.­tB<;. Ba91l1aia IlBto.~a"T] "tTJV lCoAMlCn~olto(T]"T].

ITpaYllanlCTJ Blpi]vl] y,o. to\><; BahaVllCo\><; Aao\><;Illt0PBl va lCatop9w9ii IlOVO Ill: .TJ OT]lltoupy(a 1l'Q<;BahaVllCii<; 'OIlO"ltovoia<; .iilv OT]IlOlCpaniilv tiilvepya.iilv lCai aypotiilv. '0 ayrova<; Ila<; evavt{ovtiilv lCaltltaA'''tiilv lCal tiilv t<nljlA,lCo.owv Ila<; em­~o.AM, va ltapWIlB .TJV e!;ou,,(a. 'H xatalCtT]"T]Aomov tii<; e!;ou"{a<; BiVaL 0 Ii!;ova<; toil ayiilva~a.r;».17

H EAAHNIKH ANTI6PAI:II: KATA THI:KOMMOYNII:TIKHI: ITOAITIKHI:

'H e"{"T]IlT] oi]Awcn<; toll KKE 6" 90. (CltOMlloll"By,a tTJV a\>.oOta9B"T] tiilv Aaiilv 'ii<; MalCBoov(a<; lCal0palCT]<; lCal y,o. tOV altOXWp'''IlO tou<; a"o tTJV 'EA-

'0 npw6unoupy6c 'Av6peoc MIxo}..oKonouAoc Kol TO IJ£A" Tf\C Ku8epvr;o£wc TOUKOTO T~V IiIJ€POV Tiic:: opKwlJoaiac Tfjc: Ku6EpVr'lo£wc, TOV 'OKTW6pIO TOO 1,924.

61

Mioa))". i\tav t"OJ1£VO va "polCaUaT] laxuplj av­nopll"'l tIC J1tpou<; t&v tAAT]VlIC&V apx&v. 'H J\pWtT]O{ICT] J1£A&V 'mll 1C0J1J1ato<; ltoil rotT]yop,,0'1lCav YUI"polloala lipXla£ at"" l'>£aaaAovllC'!] tljv IT]V AU.yoilatou 1925. dWO£lCa altO ta '''0 t~txovta I'tAT] ti'\<;'Opyavwa£w<; ti'\<; l'>£aaaAovllCT]<; PptO'1lCail 'atOt06JAlO toll lCatT]Yopoul'tvou. "Eva<; alt' auto&<;iimv lCa! 0 NIlCo<; ZaXaplaOT]' 6 J1£AAOvtIICO<; flyt­tT]<; toll KKE. Kata lj OlaplC£1U ti'\<; 011C'1<; 'ollCoJ1J1ou­vlatal t~£J1£i:aAA£OOT]aav el<; to ~ltaplCov tljv £U"lCalpia ltoil toil<; tolo£to yui va Maouv I)ao to ouva­tOY J1£yaAOt£pT] OT]J1ocnOtT]ta erro J1alC£OOVIICO aov­O'1J1a. 'Iolalt£pa 6 ZaxapuloT]<; to"Aroa£ J1t t~alp,£t\.

IClj £uyArottia I)n to 1C0J1J1a tOU i\tav altocpaO\aJ1tvova u"oatT]pi~T] tl<; alto<paa£l<; 'til<; KOJ1lvttpv ato~"tT]J1a ti'\<; MalC£oovIICi'\<; lCal l'>paICIICi'\<; av£~aptT]-

'0 r£WpYIO<: Kov6uArtc: OTliv nA£Tf'l Til<: i6puo£wc Tf)c..AOTUVOIJloc: n6A£wv TO 1925.

ala<;. Etoo<; ICUtT]yopOUJ1tvou<; tlt£pA"OT]aav ltOlvaicpUAaria£~ "oil tlCuJ1aivovto a"o 12 ~ 18 J1i'\v£<;.EX£oov I)AOI pyfllCav a"o tlj qlUAalClj acpoll t~tnaavJ1tpo<; J10VOV tfl<; "owfl<; troy.

'Alto lCaBap&<; tOVllCfl<; alt0'l'£ro<; fl oilCT] i\tavacp,aAJ,la talCnlCfl<;. 'H ol£~ayroylj tT]<; errlj l'>£aaa­

AovilCT] £0""'£ tljv £ulCalpia errov "aYICOaJ1lO 1C0J,l­J,lOUVlaJ1o lCai ato&<; autovoJ1latt<; ti'\<; IMPO valaxupla90llv I)n i\ tAAT]VlICI) ICUPtpVT]cn<; t,,£olo£toat olroYJ1o&<; «MalC£06vrov)) "atplrot&v-liv lCai 000J10VOV alto to&<; 12 lCatT]yopOUJ1tvou<; elXav y£v­VT]Oi'i errlj tAAT]VllClj MalCeoovla, ~va<; 'Ellpato<;ovoJ1an Ea"opta lCai 6 rpT]yopIO<; naltaVllCoMou 66ltoto<;, a~l~el va "'lJ1&'roOi'i, elxe "oAtJ1"ael Yla tl)v~V""" J1t ti(v 'EAMlla "piv a"o to 1912.

'H o&Ot£PT] 011CT] tyw£ atljv 'AOl)va '0 n. nou-

62

AIO"OUAo<; Ka! 0 EepacpeiJ1 Ma~IJ1O<;, i\aav 01 0001C1!p,19lt£pOI lCat~yopOOJ1£Vol. <J>aiv£<a, I)n lCata ti(voi6'plC~lU ti'\<; aValCplaero<; OlUCPOprov J1eA&v toll 1C0J1­J1("O<;' ol apxt~ elXav J1aOel I)n 6 Ma~IJ1O<; lCai6' nOUAIOltOUAO<; &!Xav Itael atl) Moaxa lCai&!Xav a"ollexOi'i to aUvOlll1a ,,£pi «Ail,ovo-,.

, J1la<;)).Eti<; 4 'lavooopiou 1926 'Alyo "piv, va, "apoualU­

aOollv. a~6' a':pooti(plo 61 000 "OJ1J1ouvlatai flyt­tal ,lCai, ol "UYlCatT]yopooJ,levol troy; 0 naYlCa;'cy<; tlC"­

,p.u~~, ,lillCtatopl~. ·yito lCaO£atli><; atpanronlColl Vo­J,l0U it. u"oOeO\<; nOU;'IOltOU;'OU - Ma~lJ1ou "el" i'\i.ge£1<; tljv OllCalOooa(a toll EtpatQollC£Iou, ltpnYJ1a "oiltal)lIaw£ I)n o{ lCatT]yopooJ,levOi tlti t!;J,xatlJ "pooo­al", i\tO Suvatov va lCataOllCaaOollv lCai &1<; 91iva,ov.

Kata tljv OlaplC&\aV 'til<; 011CT]<; to riPIO t"'x£i­pT]J,la ti'\<; ultepa""laero<; i\tO lin ol "E;'AT]Ve<; ICOII­J10uvlatal OI£IC"pUttaV a,,;'Gl<; ti t""o..£oov va lCa­vouv J1eta tljv livooo toU<; &1<; tl)v t~ouala. AutolaxupiaOT] " UrrepO.altlcn<; I)n to "p;'mlCo tOu<; "pC>­ypaJ1J,la lCal '0 ltpOrJ,lallJ,la tvo<; 1C0J1J,lato<; ICplvetalalto tOy Aao lCa! IIXI a"o ta ollCaat"plU. 01 'EAAT]­VllCt<; apxt<;, cpuallCa, Oa tltpelte va ~tpouv I)n tot,,'lx£lp'!]J1a aUtO i\tav allaalJ1o. To 10lO to ICOJ1l1aelxe OlalCT]p"'~el t",a"lIro<;, at aplC£tt<; "epllttOOel<;,on 6 a"OxroplaJ1o<; tfl<; 'EAAT]VIlCfl<; MalC£oovIa<; lCatl'>palCT]<; i\taV "p °0 It 0 a£ a 1<; yla tljv livo06tOO errljv t~ouala. ".

'0 01':0vi(<; ICOJ,lJlOUVlaJ10<; lCatwp9<ooe va ,,&iaT]tOY lCaO'1Y'ltl) 'map; olaltpe"fl raAAO lat0pIlColCat IlPO£OPO tljv t"oxlj tlC&iVT] ti'\<; avOprol<l<mJCil<;«'Evwaew<; 'Yla tljv npoataala t&v dllCalroliatrov toll'AvOp6Jltou lCai toll no;'!tOU)), va errd;''!] Eva IImcpo­",,£U<; tT]Atyp6.CPT]lIa atov naYICa;'o lit to 6ltoto TOVt~wpICI~e va IIljv tl'ltpt'l'T] tljv tltlPo;'lj Oavatl1ci'\<;I<owfl<; noil 9a altoteAolla£, lCata tOY 'map «at!­Ylla 'Yla tljv 'EA;'T]VllClj dllCaloaUVT] lCai tOY nO;'I­naIlO)). TautoXpovw<; " Ol&Ov"<; ICOJ,lIlOUVlanlC"'Opyavroal<; MORE (dleOv"<; 'Opyavroal<; BoT]­OeIa<; "pO<; toil<; 'Epyat£s) i\;'ge at tltacp" J1t t~t.

xovta<; raAAOU<; o,ICT]Yopou<; lCal to&<; ~"tT]a&

va lI&tallollv el<; t"V 'EAMoa Yla va avaMpouv t"VUrr£pa"",cn t&v OUO 'EAA"VroV ICOJ,lJ,lOUVlerr&v. dlaOIICOVOJ,lIICO&<; AOyou<; to OllCaatl)plo otv tnttpe'l'&erro&<; raA;'OU<; OIICT]YOpoU<; va MPouv litpo<; atljollCT], aAAa tv till J1&ta~il ol ICOIIJ10UVlerrai &!xav lCa­top96Ja£1 va "apoucnaaouv &1<; I);'ov tOY 1C0aJ1ov toMa~llIo lCai tOY nOU;'lo..OUAo c!l<; 9i>lIam "o;'ln­IC&V olroYJ1&v. T&A\JC<1 fl 011Cl] OI&ICUrr'!] lCal av£p;'''OT]t,,' aop{atov.

H BOYAH KAI TO MAKE&ONIKON ZHTHMA

Meta. 't1]V avatp<>1tit toil KaOeMlilt~ toil naYKa­MO, 6 KovS6AIl' arrecpaencre va rrpoK'1p6~Il 1300­MonK~ £KAoy&" t6v NO£J!~pw toil 1926, J!& to cr6­crtllJ!a tij, avaAoylKij,. <Orr"" avecpEpOllltPOllYOOJ!£­vro, to cr6crtllJ!a aot6 Mrocre crtO KKE Yla. ltProtllcpopa. titv Sova'Otllta va. aV'ttrrpocrrorreoOij MO KOl­vojlo6Aw. '0 'EMOO£Pl~LtaOpioll, rroo £~aKoAou­

Ooilcre va. olaxelplCetal ti, oltOO£cre1, toil KOJ!J!at~

olon 01 'feplcrcrOtepOl alto tO~ liAAou, "yEte,eupl<>Kovto aKoJ!Il crt1]v cpuAaKit lj cTt1]V £~opla,

aV'teAuJ!~a~em rrAitpro, lin to va.' lteplAIlCPOij toMUKeSoVlKo Kai to ElpaKlKO Citt'lJ!U <tn)v £KAOylK"otAatcpopJ!a toil KOJ!J!at~, 9<i. icroSuvaJ!oilcre J!& lta­paltllcrll altO dOe £1..ltlSa £ltltUX1ar; crtie; £K1..0-y£,. I

'0 LtauplSIl, Kai yta. ltpocrroltlKOOe; 1..6youe;, &lXeKaltOla eoolcr91lcrla ltavro M' aOto, dSlKa., t6 OEJ!a.'E<>Kolteue va. £KteOij cl>r; Olt01jlitCPl~ Ka~aAa" M"ElpalC'l. KataM~alve lin 01 ltl9avOtllt£e; tOU Oa.1'ItavKan lteptcrcrotepo altO rreVlXP~ liv <oAJ!oilcre va<>UvllyOPitcr'l Ult£p mil altoxroplcrJ!oil tij, Elpc1KIle;alt6 titv 'EAMoa.

'0 LtauplSIl, avteAitCPOll t!t1crlle; lin 01 Olt01jlitCPlOltoil KOJ!~at~ SEV 1'ItaV Suvatov va. ~acrlo'ouv tie;&AltlSse; tOO, yta £KAOYlK1] £ltltUXia M1]V UltOMit­Pl~Il altOKMlMlKli. Kai J!ovo tlilv J!£1..lilv toil KOJ!J!U­t~. L6J!cprova' J!£ ta. ElticrllJ!a apxsTa tij, KOJ!IV­tSpV, •• t6 K.K.E. &lXe to 1926 Kata. ltpocr£111mv2.500 J!£AIl. Oi Ult01jlitCPlOl <>Uveltlile; &lXav aVaYKIlaltO t1]V UltO<J'titPI~1 liArov £Kdvrov ltOO Xropi, va.&lval J!EAIl <>UJ!ltaOoilcrav to KOJ!J!a. TB ltpocrcpataMpanronKa. ltpa~IKOltitJ!ata, " MuvaJ!ia tije; O(KG­vOJ!lae; VB cruvEAOll Kiltro altO to ltpoaOem cpoptioEVOe; Kai "J!lcrsoe; crXeMv £KatoJ!J!upiou ltpocrcp6yrovaltO t1]V MlKPa. 'Acria Kai it atEMlro't'l olaJ!aXllava.J!scra ""a. ii60 J!£yliAa ltOAlnKa. MpatOlteSa,tOO, ~acrl1..6cppovee; Kat tO~ CPlASMUO£poUe;, y6proalto to KaOeMronKo, ltpocrEcpspe crtOO, I<OJ!J!OUVlMEe;"Sacpo, apKeta ltpocrcpopo y,a. ltoAmKit tKJ!etliA­Mum UltO t1]v ltpoUltoOem litt tlti mil ltapov<~ tOO­MXlMOV to CittllJ!a tije; MaKsSoV.lKije; Kai ElpaKl­Kij, ave~apt'Ilcria, ali "J!ltaLVS e(e; to ltSPI96lPlC. Ltie;9 LeltteJ!~piou 6 LmupiOlle;, £KteAroV'tae; XPEIlypaJ!­J!U<t"", <>UveKaMcre crUcrKS1jll ltOO uioOStllcre Eva£KAoytKo ltpoypaJ!J!a, crtO oltoio SE J!vllJ!oveOOtav"liv to «£OVIKO Citt'lJ!a».

'0 LtaopiSIle; tKnJ!roVtae; psaAlcrnKa. tie; £KAoy,-

20. A b rid g e d Rep 0 r t, Fir t h, O'tA.. 268. 'ErtiaTlC;K. I. n t E P t v l' :t ECJ l' ~ IJ. Bat IJ. { p V \ IJ. K 0 r I( p E­

O' 0 IJ.. au. 216.

Kt, ltl9avOtllte, tlilv Ult01jlll<Pirov tOil KOJ!J!atO" £d<J!£lvs yla. tOV KatapncrJ!o tvoe; ltpoyp6.J!",at~ ltOOOa. txapaKtllplCeto altO J!la. crxenl<" J!etplOltligela,roMe va. J!ltOptcrll VB ltpocreAI<6crll eva lraVOltOllltlKOap19J!0 1jIitcprov.

napa. to yeyovor; lin to ltpoypaJ!J!a aoto lteplt­Aa~e iai apl<sta. KOlVrovlKa. Kai OlKovoJ!IKa aItitJ!ataKa9apcl>r; KOJ!J!ouVlcrnKa, J!' liAa tailta litav £rrt­Mpe1jlav.. M"V 'AOitva, cDPlcrJ!EVOl' altO tOOe; cpUM­KlcrJ!EVOU, lj £~OPIMOU, "yEte, ltOO alte1..euOspro­0llKav altO tOV KovMAIl, £~Ecppacrav "VtOVll Sucra­.pEcrK.la Yla. t1]v J!£tplOlt6.0ela tou. 'YltO <"v ltlecrl£~tpeJ!lcrnKlilv MOlXdrov, <>UvijA9s" 6AoJ!E/"£\a tije;

'0 .AA£E. nanavcOTooiou Kol 6 NouopXOC: KOuvToupni>Tllc.at cpwToypocpla TOU 1,925.

KeVtplKij, 'EltltpOltij, crt KOLV1] cr6<>Ke1jll J!t t"VKOJ!J!OuvlcrnK" veoMla (OKN E) cr<1]v 'AOitva,tOV 'OKtro~pw, Kai alteKitpu~e tie; alto<plicrel, tij,91le; &sKeJ!~ploo cD, «£crcpaAJ!Evee;, pecpopJ!IM\KE"J!t SS~la. altOxproall»."

'0 LtaOpiOll, Stv J!ltopoilcre It\a. VB tln~6.AIl tie;alt01jls\, tOU crtO KOJ!J!a.. Kai liJ!"" 0 £1..\YJ!oe; tOU va.a<pitcrll i:~ro altO to £KAOylK6 ltpoypaJ!J!a to «£OV\KOCittllJ!a» alteodxOll £ltltUXllJ!tv~. 'AKOJ!a Kai ol£~tpeJ!\crtai J!Sta~O tlilv KOJ!J!OUV\Mlilv "ystlilv av­tSAaJ!~livov<o lin to va. to ltep\A'lCPOij tropa .crti,ltUpaJ!ovte; <Iilv £KAoylilv to crUvOnJ!a ltepi MaKs­Sovlae; 9<i. £crtepoilcre tOOe; Orr01jlllCPto~ toil KOJ!­J!UtOe; arro titv OltOatitpl~\ ltOO ltpocrSol<oilcruv cr6J!­q>(liva J!t to ltOAlmeo Kai KO\VroVlKO tOU, ltpoypaJ!J!a.

"Orr"" ltapatllPitcraJ!S Kai ltpollYOUJ!Ev"". crti,£KAoyt, ltOO S\S~itxOllcra.v crtir; 7 NoeJ!~plou 1926,ol KOJ!J!ouvlcr,a! Ult01jlit<P10l <>uv£)CEV'tproaav 41.9821jIitcpooe;, 4,38 % mil cruvoAou. 'Alto tOO, 10 KOJ!­J!OUVlcrta., ~OUMU"I" ltOO £~eU1'1crav J!t <0 cr6crtllJ!a

21. PI 1; 0 (J It II (J <~~. 27 'OuCllPpiou 1926.

63

'.

'H OiKOUIJ£VIK" Ku6tpVrtOIC: TOO 1827. b.loKplvnol 5tuTtpoc tit liCI:H£lv 0 .AvliptacMIXaAOKOnouAoc. tv ouv£XtlQ 01 KOfPOVT6PIlC:. ZoilMlC:, nonoYQC1Tooiou Kol MtTO(Oc:.

tfj~ avuAoyllcfj<;,.s avt'ltpoarolt£UaV tltapxl£<; tfj<; Ma­x£60vl~ xal tfj<; ep«X1]~. "Htav ava"cp,aJlijt1]ta "HilJItooOOia 'toA'Uxij t,utUXla yHi lva xo""a at Vll­,naxli axoJ1U Xataatam. Kal 6,,~ 01 &Uxa,pl£<;"oil tO~ Itpootcpsp£ to jlfj"a tfj<; BouAfj<; ltuaX9'1­xav XUp,oAsxtllca .atov .xaAa90 tlDv axpijatCllv..0It~ 9a tv9u"fjta' 0 avayvroat1]<;. 6tav &A1]!;£ li"aX1] aVal'£<Ja atO~ MYol'tvO~ «A,xjl'vtap'at~))

xal atij ttaA\V\xli cputp{a "taa ato KKE "t ti)v 1'lnatlDv ItpOltCllV, 01 xo""ouVlatal jlouMUtal I'taa atO'Ell1]VlXO KOlVOjloilA'O t5tx9'1xav ti)v tltl9£a, tlDvttaAlV,xlDv. . .

'Ex ltpIDt1]<; 6\jf£~ "ltopd va cpalv£tat It£pl£pyoa' tvav a~il1]to. to y£yovo<; 6n li ljy£<rla tOO xo""a­to<; atP£CPOtaV tvavtlov tlDv 161Cllv tOu<; tlDv jlouMu­tlDv Itoil tO~ t1CltpooCll1toOaav ati) BouAij. 4tvItpalt£' va A1]a"OV001'£ 6"Cll<; 6n 1j KOlVOjloUMUTUcli6"a6a toO KKE altOt£AoOir£ lva 16,oppu9,,0 ItpO­jlA1]"a "(\a tO~ ttaA'Vlatt<; liyat£<;. 'Alto toil<;66xa jlOUMUta<; ,,6vo 6 eao<; avfjx£ atli LtaA'VlXli'6"aoo. Ti)v tltoxli Itoil Itfjpav to xpta"a toO i>!tO\jf1]­",Iou y,a tl<; bXAOyt<; toO 1926 01 I'£talt£"a jlouMu-

64

tal, 01 «Koiltjl1]6£<; xal 01 Xat~fj6£<;)) t!;axoAou901l­aav ata ltapalJlCl1v.a t1\v lt6.A1] tO~ y,a tliv tlt,­xpat1]m. Kata lJUvtlt£,av autol ltoil txpla91]<Jav W<;i>!tO\jfij""Ol, altOUAoOaav flU "ltopoO<J£ va Itfj xa­v£l<;, t1\v ltaAa,a cppoupa. Tropa ltoil 01 ataA'Vlataldxav 9ta£, xcitCll altO to m6£pav,o lMrx:O tOU<; tonOA""ItUpro, alt£cpa(J\aav va txjl,aaouv tliv alto"a­xpuV<J\ tlDv JlouMutlDv autlDv alto t1\ BouAij. r,a tolJICOItO auto t!;£l'£taAMiJ9'1OUv.",a OA6XA1]P1] em­p« itltO £uxa,pl£<; xal £uvoixt<; y,' autoil<; xataata­a£,<;. til"cpCllva "t tO~ xavoVla"o~ tfj<; BouAfj<;o[ JlouMumltcp' 6aov dXav txMyfj vo"I,,~, xa­tdxav xal 6,at1]poOaav tl<; l5p£<; tCllV av£l;ap­t'lta alto ItOAmxt<; 5,a",Cllvl£<; ... tijv ljy£ala toOxo""at6<; tCllV. '0 "OVO<; VO",,,O<; tpolto<;"(\a va a­lto"axpuv900v 01 jlouMutal altO t1\ BouA1\, 1'ltaV ",atv5£xol'tv1] xata5lx1] tOU<; yHi xalto,o ltO'VlXO lta­pUlttCll"a. To 9t"a Itoil auv£XavtpCllV£ tl<; It£p,aao­ups<; ltI9avot1]t£<; y,a va toil<; 'Pap'1 at 5iJ<JICOA1] 9aa"1'ltaV to alcilVlo ut9VlXO ~ijt1]"a)). To nOA""ltUpO>.AO,ItOV, y,a "Hi 'Pop« axo"a, aijxClla£ t1\ lJ'lJ1Ula

tfj<; Maxs6ov,xfj<; xal epa1Clxfj<; av£!;apt1]<rla<;.

Ot i:A.A.l]VtKi:e; o.pxi:e;, llij EXOVme; yvwatv 'wv eaoo­ttptKWV OtXOVOtWV 'OU KOllllOUvtanKou lCollllatoe;lCai o.Otacpopmvmc; yto. A.E1t,ee; OtaAEKttlCee; OtaKp[­aEte;, EpAE1taV 1l0VO '0 o.1tO,i:AEalla, Ol]AaOT], 'T]V1l7toKlvl](H tvoe; Oi:llatoC; 1tOU 111tOpOUaE vo. 1tpOKa­).£alJ 'T]v o.1to=aat i:OVtKWV eoacpwv.

Elvat aXEOOv EOlllO crtijv tA.Al]VtlCT] 1tOAttlKijvo. OEoopoUV,at 01 ev ,ij BOUAij ijyE,at tvoe; lColllla­,(OS roC; of EK1tP0O'(l)7tOl Kat tvaaplCOltai '["rov crK01tWVtoU. 1:uVE1tWe; ij EUOUVl] yto. 'T]V 1tpOKA.l]nKij a,o.at'OU IIoAltllltUpm E1tEa& atoUe; WllOUe; 'wv lCollllOUVt­a,rov pou4u,rov.

'H o.V'tiopaate; ,rov 'EAAT]VOOV 1tOAtnKWV ijy&,rovl')mv o.lCptproe; ao,ij 1tOU el1(& 1tPOP).£IjIEl '0 IIo­AltllnupOJ. 1:,ie; 7 6ElC&IlPplou 1927 0 0&oooopD<; Toup­KopaaiAl]e;, onoupyoe; '0'& 'fie; 6llCaLOaUVl]e;, lCa'E­O&a& evmmov 'fie; BouAfie; lCamyy&A1aV evav,tov 'wvBOUA.EU'WV 1:. Mo.~tllOU, K. 0EOU, 'EA.. 1:muplol],'1. B&vtoupa, N. KuplalCOnOUA.Ou, 'A. 1:,volCa lCatM1t&l(o.p 1:oMv.

MOAte; 1tplv o.no Aiy&e; llEp&e; 0 Elaan&4lle; 'E­CP&,rov elXE ~l],ijaEt 0.1t0 ,ijv BOUA.T] vo. i:m,pi:ljIl] ,"v1tOIVllC" Oi~l 'WV 'P'WV liAAOlV lCOllllouvtcr,wv POL>­AEU'Crov r. nanUVlKOA.a.OU, I. Krovu'tuVtlvi01l KalA. XaivoYAoU lli: ,"v lCa'l]yopia 'fie; l>1toVollEl>aEooe;'ou 1:uV,o.Ylla'Oe;. 22

Ao,o eaijllavE ,ijv Evap~t lltlie; lCo.1tOlC; o.auvE'l]e;eKa,pa'Eiae; yul. vo. o.nopAl]OOUV o.no ,ij BouA." oilCOllllOUVtaml pOUA&Umi.

'H o.1taitl]ate; vo. o.pOij ti o.cruA[a 'wv lCollllOUvta,Wvpou4u,wv, &ar& vo. l>no.p~l] ouva,o'l]e; 1tOIV'lCfie; 'OlVO,m~&OlC;, o1t&a'l]p[x0l] o.n' oAa ,0. ilEAl] 'fie; KUpEp­vijaEOlC; 1:uvaamallou. Kai 01l0le; omv lipXtaE ijcru~ij'l]ate; eni 'ou OEllatoe; a,ij BOUAij a,ie; 12 6E­K&IlPpiou 1927, aOtoi 1tOU EAapav lli:poe; oi:v o.KOAOi>­Ol]aav aacp&!e; lCollllatllCte; lCa'&UOl>va&te;. Au,ij l'),avij npffi'l] cpopo. 1tOU '0 EAAl]vtlCO lCOtVOPOUALO aU~l]­

toua& '0 lCOllllOUVtcrttKO npOpA.l]lla a,,,v 'EAMoao.VOtlC'o. lCai OtE~oOtlCa. 0[ Ol]AmaEle; ao,wv 1tOUEA.apaV 'ov Myo, EO&t~aV on ll7tfipX& o.plC&'" liyvolatoU OElla'D<;. 'H cru~ij'l]atC; EOEtXV& Eva o.1tWavolCplilla V&UptlCO'l]'D<; o.no. lCai ciO,acpopiae;, i:Vl]l'E­pma-&Ole; o.na lCai o.yvoiae;.

'0 r&mpyLOe; Aaoue;, O,alC&Kptlli:voe; cp,44l>O&po<;Pou4u,ije;, tni:lCptVe ille; tacpaA.llEVl] mKttlC"ij 'OVOopupo yl>pOl o.no '0 OElla 'fie; MalC&oovtlCfie; o.ve­~ap'l]olae;, evip CPUatlCa '0 lCOllllOUVtattlCo lColllla otvTjmv &te; Oi:atV vo. o.n&tA"ijal] olhe lCa,a '0 EA.aXtato,ijv EoacptlC" o.lC&patO'l]m 'fie; xmpae;. 'Xn&VOUllta&

22. 'E lp '1 Jl E P l. ~ 't (i) v 1: u ~ '1 t" il (J' E (() V T i'l c; B 0 I.>­A. ~ ~, npO>T~ nEpioScx;, l1E",tpo LUVOSCX;, 1927 - 1928, (JEA..253·452.

a,olle; cruvaoi:A.cpOue; ,ou Ott 01 KOllllOUVtcrtal pou4u­'tai 9u ltv'tlKaei<J't"QV't"o, KUta. 'l'tuaav 1t19avot'ltQ Cl1tOlinoue; lCOllllOUvta,<I.c; llt o.va1tA.l]pOlllaTIKij ElCA.Oyij.To IlOVO 0.1tO,EA.eaW1 00. elval,1tpOaEOEa&, vo. Ol]IlLOUP­y"ijaOlll& ((VEOUe; ijpOl&e; lCal vo. toUe; ooulle at A.iyaXPOVlU Kal ll1tOUpyoUC;».23

'Ano til. 12l'i:Al] 'fie; BouA.fie; nou EA.apaV 'ov Myo,

'0 .AAtE. nonovooTooiou, 6 I. MCTOEoc Koi 0 novoyncT oo~56PflC tvw OUZflTOUV Tr'}V oUyKp6TI1OlV Ku8cpv,;oE:WCouv£pyooioc TOV NOE:1J6plov TaU 1926. 'H Ku6epvllolcwpKioBIl T£AIKWC: niv 4r)v 6EKEIJ6piou IJt npoKo8wPIOl..lt­vouc oKonouc 1) T~V tnlKUPWOIV Koi Tpononoi'1olV TOUKOTOpTlo8eVTOC uno Tfle TPIOKOVT0I..lEAOUC enlTponflc TflelJ.' 'E8vooUVEAEUOEWC IUVTOYIJOTOC, 2) T.,V tnovocpop6vde TO OTp6TEUIJO nov 6ElWIJOTlKWV nOli dxov onOIJOKpUV­8il ana T~V 'EnOVOOTOTlK.,v Ku6epv'1OlV TOU 1922 Koi TOCIJETenEITo Ku6Epv,;oE1e, 3) Tr,V OIJOKOTOOTOOIV TOO KOIVO·60UAEUTIKOO nOAlTEUIJOTOe Koi 4) T.,V tEuyiovOIV Tile oi­KOVOlJioe. 'H Ku6tpvIlOle ouvEPyaoiae EiXE KPI8i) we .;IJOvll AUOle IJETO TO onoTtAEOIJO TWV eKAoywv Tile 7'lCNOEIJ6piou 1926, Eie Toe onoioe KOVtVQ KOIJIJO 6tv ene-

TUXE ollT05uvoIJoV nAEIOlV'1CPiov.

tWEa t~&Ol]A.mOl]aav lCa,o. ,ije; nOtVtlCfie; olm~eOle; 'wvlCOllllOUVtcrtWv pou4u,wv, lCupiOle; paat~OIlEVOt crt"ijcrKi:ljlt Ott '0 vo. o.lCOA.ouOfi Eva lColllla 1l0A.ttllCij o.vn­naOfi a,o A.ao, otv 0.1to,&4! lCal EylCA.l]lla. Movov<vae; Pou4u,"ije;, 0 Euayy&A.oe; Maxaipac;, lliA.l]cre lle'P01tO 1tOU llap,upoucre 1tpaYllattKij lCamVOl]at 'wvO&lla,OlV 1tOU l>1telCplmtovto. '0 Maxaipae; ""0 Epya­'l]e;, 1tpml]v ypalllla'&Ue; 'fie; r1:EE. 'E~UlP&ttlC" lCa­,a1lA.l]~t np03KU4a& a' ElC&lvoue; 1tOU np6a&~av '0Myo 'ou Maxaipa ij yvmlll] on Tj K.E. 'ouKKE Ylo. MyouC; 1tOU ij~ep& ij iota, ijOeA.& vo. npo­lCaMal] ,"ijv 1tOlVtKT] OiOl~t ,rov KOllllouvla,wv pou­A.€U,ii\v. 'EnEatl]a& ,"ijv npoaox"ij 'fie; BouA.fie; a,6yeyovoc; On " KeV,ptlCij 'E1lnpo1lij elXe ol]llOalElmettll1tpl]attlCi:e; 1tPOKl]pU~&te; llt '0 ai'l]lla 'fie; o.ve­~apt01l01"ijaeOle; 'fie; MaKeooviac; lCai elX& opyavm-

23. A u"t 6 9 1, ad.. 365.

65

O'tl ltPOxA.1]ttKte; OIU01]AOOO'tle; £sro altO to KtlplOtile; BOUAile; tvii> listpt ltOAll KUAa Ott 01 tvtP'Ytl~

t1]e; otv 1')tUV OUVUtOV ltapU va tsayplOOO'ouv tOUe;JloUAtUtUc;. (('AKOj!1] Kai 0 a<ptMO'ttpoc; tillv av9pOO­ltrov yvropl~tl>J, O'UVtx'O't 0 Muxalpae;, ((On liv toKOj!j!OUVlatlKO KOj!j!a li9tAt ltpayj!anKa va alto<puYl]t1'1 Olrol;1] tillv ~oUAtutillv toU, 9a dxt O'Uj!lttpl<ptp9ilOIU<popttlKa, Mv 9<i tlxt 01]j!toupy1'10''t 90pu~0. ToKKE Mv 01]j!lOupytr 90puJlo Otav otv to O'uj!<ptpW).24

'0 Muxuipae; tlttKuM<rll1] alt00'7[aO'j!Uta altO tOY((Pl~OO'ltaO't1]>J, Yla va UltOO't1]plS1] to tnlXtlp1]j!a tOU,ana ltOO'OI "En1]vte; ltOAltlKol tile; tltoxile; tKtlv1]e;.tlxuv avOIStl ltOtt tOy ((Pl~OO'ltaat1]>J £O'tro Kui j!iu<popa ; ,Avt<ptp91] O'tle; Olaj!axte; j!ttasu tije; 1'1ytO'iue;toll KOj!j!Utoe; Kui tillv lCOj!j!OUVIO'tillv ~OUAtutillv lCui£Kuvt tlollC1'1 j!vtla toil On 0 Mastj!oe; tlxt ltpoO'lCA1]9ijva tj!<puvIO'9ij tvOOltlOV tile; KOj!IVttpV Kai dxt ap­v1]9ij.((Elj!ul lttlttlO'j!tVoc;», O'Uvtlttpavt. ((on to lCOj!­j!ouvlO'nlCo lCOj!j!U otv tltl9uj!tr ltMov t1'1v ltapouO'lutillv JlouAtutiiiv uutiiiv O'tO KOIVO~OUAlO. ITlO'ttUWalCoj!u Ott Mv ltptlttl va ~01]91'10'0uj!t tj!tre; to lCOj!­j!OUVlatllCO lCOj!j!U va ltpuyj!utoltol1'1O'1] ta 'O'xt­Ola tOU>J. '0 Maxuipae; 1')taV 0 j!ovoe; alto OAOUe; tlCti­voue; ltOU ltilpuV j!tpoe; O't1'1 O'u~1'1t1]O'lltoU 1')tUV ltpay­j!UnlCa tV1]j!tpwj!tvoe;, lCal oj!roc; it oj!IAla tOU MvlCutOOp9(j)Q't va tlt1]ptaO'1] at lKUVOltOI1]tl1CO ~u9j!0

t1'1 O'lCtljll tillv j!tyaAoO'x1'1j!wv P1]tOProv ltOU tOV aKO­Aou91]O'uv O'tO ~ijj!u. ITpo<puviiie; ot "EAA1]Vte; ElCtLVOl

1927. 'H npol)oTIKrl nOAlTlK'; TOU KKE tic TO Zr'}TflVC TrlCMOK£50vioc Koi 0p6Kl")C onooxoAEi VlCi np<inf) <papa 00­6op6 TriV 'EMr)VIKri 8ou"I}. .AVWTtpw 6 'AACE. nonovo­OTooiou tvw KOTEU9uVE:TOI npoe TrlV Sou)..rl Bla vo I.lET6-

ox., Tr;c QUZr)Tr,OEWC.

ltOAltllCol t9tropollO'uv to My" tvoe; ltpOO1]V tpyatoUavaSIO tije; ltpoO'oxije; troy.

,AltavtOOvtae; O'tie; lCut1]yoplte; 0 I:tpCl<ptlj! Ma­SIj!Oe;,ltOU avtyvwpl~tto <l>c; itytt1]e; tije; lCOlVO~OU-

24. A u 't 6 9 I, O&A. 452.

66

AtunK1'ie; oj!aOoe;, altt<puyt ltPOO'tlCttKG yo. ltap1] O'a<pil9tO'l Eltavro atO t9vIKO ~itt1]j!a. I\(yo ltplv alto t1'1v£VIlPSl tile; mX;1]t1'1O'troc;. 0 Xaltiie; tlxt ltA1]po<pop1'1­O'tl tOUe; lCOj!j!OUVlO'tUc; ~OUAtUtae; Ott O'uj!<provu j!tt1'1v alto<puO'I tile; KtvtpllCije; 'Eltltpoltije; £ltptltt vaimoO't1]plSOUV 9appaMu to O'uv91]j!u tije; MaKtOOVl­Kije; lCai 0palCllCije; avtSupt1]O'lae;, ((aVtSapt1]ta altOtie; O'Uvtlttlte;>J. '0 Maslj!Oe; yvropl~ovtue; ltOAll KUAo.ta tAat1'1pla ltlO'ro altO uut1'1 t1'1v alto<puO'I, 1'1yvo1]O'tt1'1v "lt60tlSl toil XUltii. 'Epwt1]9tie; altO tOV rtOOpylOITaltavoptou, yo. o1]AOOO'1] ltOla tlVOl it 9tO'le; tOU O'tOMalCtOOvllCC'> ~1'1 r1]j!a, 0 MaSlj!Oe; alt1'1vt1]O't on toKKE tuvooilO't altAille; t1'1v uutoou19tO'l Kai Ott 0oPoc; ((avtsapt1]O'la>J otv tlxt XP1]0'1j!OltOI1]9il ltOttalto to lCOj!j!U. I:tl~te; OMKA1]pte; altO lCoj!j!unlCa£yypa<pa alttOtllCWuv to avtl9tto.

'0 'Iroavv1]e; Mttasiie;, Elttj!tlVt lttPlO'O'OttpO atOO'1]j!trO aUtO, j!t to yvwO'tO tou OUVIlj!IO'j!O Kai tltl­

j!ov1'1·METAEAI:: Ti tvotrtal OtaV Mtt aUtoOl<i9tO'l ;

Mitltroc;ltpottlvttt va pWt1'1O'oUj!t tOUe; "En1]vte;lCatollCOUe; tile; MalCtoovlae;, liv 9tAOUV va tylCataAtl­Ij10uv t1'1v 'EAAaOa:. MA:::IMOI:: Mv j!ltopollj!t va protitO'ouj!t j!ovo

tOue; -En1]vte;, ltptlttl va pwt1'1O'ouj!t OAOUe; tOUe;MaKtOovte;.

META:::AI:: Mt una AOyla 9t4« va ltij« Ott9a £ltptltt va prot1'1O'roj!t OAOUe; toue; lCato[lCOUe; tije;MalCtOovlae; "En1]vte;. I:tp~oue;, alCoj!1] lCai toUe;BouAyapoue;, liv it ltAtloljl1]<Pla 9tA'I t1'1v autoOla­9tO'l Ii 0Xl lCai liv it ltAtlOIjl1]<Plu 9tA1] t1'1v aUtoOla­9tO'l, tort 9' aVaYlCaO'ttt toUe; lCutollCOUpile; tAA1]Vl­Kile; MalCtOovlue; va ltpoaot9011v O'tO lipj!a tvoe;vtou lCpatOUe;, j!' OAO ltOU dVUl OUVUtOV va tljl1'1<plO'uvtvuvtlov tile; AUO'troc; uUtije;; ElvUI EtO'l Ii otv tlVUl;

'0 Mlil;lj!oc; altt<puyt va altavtitO'1]. Moupj!oupurtj!uO'O'1]j!tvu on otv 1')taV Upj!60IOe; va .j!IAitO'1] Ylata ~OptlUO'uvopu tije; 'EAAaOoc; Kui on otv 1')tav lCaAatV1]j!tproj!tvoe; lttlvro O'tO 9tj!u. 'Qj!OAOY1]O't ltaVtWe;on it tAA1]VllC1'1 MUlCtoovlu ((lCUtOllCtrtUl lCuplwe;alto "EAA1]Vte;... >J... Kul j!aAIO'ta ltpoO't9tO't, ((j!t

t1'1v tsulptO'l j!liie; ltoAil j!IKpije; j!tlOljI1]<plae;, OAoc;O'XtMv 0 ltA1]9uO'j!oe; dVUl tAA1]VllCOe;>J."

'0 MaSlj!Oe; ltpo<puvi1lc; ltaptltOlt. '0 'AMsuv­opo<; ITaltuvaatuO'(ou, tVlle; UAAo<; olCllCtlCplj!tvoe;<p144u9tpo<; itytt1]e;, ltapttitp1]O't on ((<PUlVttalIt<l>c; imUPXtllCUltOlU olCl<pwvlu tVtOe; toll KKE tlti toll9tj!uto<;>J Kui ElttO't1]O't t1'1v ltpoO'ox1'1 tije; BouAije; O'tOytyovoe; Ott "tstXOvtU attMX1] tOillCOj!j!Uto<;, Oltroe;tlval 0 KopOUto<; lCui UnOl, titt altt~Ait91]O'uvaltO

25. A iJ t 6 9 1, aeA. 368.

n, KOflfla shs a1tSOUpOl]OaV fle tt\v OeAl]oiv tCllV, aKpl~w<; £TtetBt\ Bla'l'Cllvoiloav erri toil ~l]tt\flatO<; tOUtOU».

'0 MaStflO<; 'Kavs flla ts4utala aoOSVtK" 1tPO­""aOsla VO: oUYKaA61j1lJ t"V B,aflaXl] 1toil tflalvstoJ,LEaa 0''[0 x:OJlJ.1U iOU. «Til crnYlJl1 aU'[11», tInE, <OJ1tEpa­

om~oflaOtS til ypaflfl" toil KOflflatO<; Klli Mv slfla­OtS Otate9SlflevOl VO: avaKateljlCllflS ti<; tvBOKOfl­flanKe<; fla<; Bta'l'ope<; at" OU~"tl]Ot ailt" ..». Ts­4i(Oos tiJv OfltAia tOU XCllpi<; va a1taVt"ol] crt"v tpoo­tl]en, /i.v to KOflflOUVtOnKO KOflfla suvoouos tOV a1to­XCllptOflO tij<; 'Enl]VtKij<; MaKsBovla<; Kai epO:Kl]<;.

TO: lina fleAl] toil KOflflato<; aKoAo69l]oav t"VIB,a ySVtKt\ Katsu9uvot ot!<; OfltAis<; toU<;. LUVS'l'oo­vl]oav on fJ 'EAAl]VlK" MaKsBovla slxs &AAl]VlKOKupilO<; 1tAl]OUOflO, ano: tlxav avnppfJosI<; 00<;1tpo<; t"V avtaAAay" tWV ltAl]9u,,!!wv, ltoil «tlxsflSta~li4t tOV tOVtKO xapaKtijpa tij<; MaKsBov(a<;».'0 LtaupiBl]<; apvfJ9l]KS va AO.~l] to 1..6yo fl' 01..0ltoil tOV ltpOOEK0:4os 0 ITposBpo<; tij<; BouAij<;.LKSlttOtav KtOAa<; VO: tYKataAslIjIl] to KOflfla. 'A1t'oAou<; tOil<; KOflflOUVtcrtO:<; ~ouASUtO:<; flOVOV 0 eeo<;fliAl]OS oo:v «1tpaYflanKo<; KOflflOUVtOtfJ<;». -E'I'spsa1to to 1t~OBpOflto OtO ~ijfla tij<; BouAij<; to: 1ttO'l'tl]vo: KOflflouvlonKa ouv9fJflata Kai lipXlos VO: tno­SSUl] xuBals<; ~plole<; tvaVtiov oACllv tWV liAACllv KOfl­flO:tCllV. XpSUIOtl]KS VO: OtaKOltij t\ ouvsBpiaol<; ylO:5 4lttO: ylO: VO: altoKlltaota9ij fJ to:SI<;. 'H OUflltSpl­'l'opo: toil eeou Bl]flloupysl tt\v oa'l'ij tVtUltCllen onltpO"'tllOOUOS OKOltlfla VO: tsayptoool] til BouA" KaiVO: alt0SSVooOl] <lKOfla Kai tKslvou<; toil<; ~ou4UtO:<; ltOUt\taV Btats9sIflevoI VO: IjIl]'I'(crouv KatO: tij<; Xop'l"yt\os(O<; <lBtia<; ylO: t"V ltOIVIK" M(OSI tWV KOflfloUVI­crtwv ~ou4utwv. Ltoil<; aflufJtOu<;, t\ tsop"YtonKt\«ltllpacrtaoL<;» toil eeou t\tav tSAdCll<; aKataVOl]tl].Kai ofllO<; /i.v t"V avnflStCllltlol] Kavsi<; oe ouvoua­oflO fle ti<; oxecrsL<; tOU ltpO<; t"V LtaALVLKt\ oflaBaltoil tltL9uflOilos t"V avnKata.Otaen tWV ~OUAEUtWV

toil 'EVCllfl&VOU Mstoo1toU fle liAAOU<; mo 'flltLcrtOU<;KOflflOUVlotO:<;, t\ OUflltSPL'I'OPa. toil e&OU tsl]ysltllLsilKoAootata.

'H BouA" avultolttl] '''IlLSS to lta,xviB, tWV Lta­A'VLKWV. 126 ~u4utai tljlfJ'I'toav Kal fle OlJflaVnK"lt4LOIjIl]'I'(a <llteoupav t"V ~ou4unK" <louAla <lltOtoil<; KOflflOUVLcrtO:<; ·~ou4Uta.<;. :::SXCllPLOt" IjIl]q>o­'l'opia 'yLVS yU1 Ka.OS tva ~OUAEUtfJ. ot Buo (opal]AI­ts<; ~ou4Utai alto til esocraAovlKl] EAa~av tOVflEyaAutspo <lpL9flO BUOflSVWV IjI"q>CllV, 95 ltpo<; 31.Movo 0 Ma.SLflO<; yA6t(O(J"s tltstB" Mv tv&KpLVaV t"Vlipo, tij<; aouA(a<; «1 2/3 tWV "apOVtCllV touAa.XlotOv".

26. npaK"tlKCt 't(i)v I\l~l1tliaECJ)v.np<htll ne:­p(oO"', .iEuttpa l:i>voO"', 1927 - 1928 ('A6~VIlI, 'E6v1K6vTOltoypa~Elov, 1928), TOfl. II, " .... 299.

Kal ilfllO<; oi KOflflOUVlOtai ~ou4utai oev tOloo­x9l]oav Kal tSAtKa., <lltsKatsota.9l]oav. To flOVO alto't&4ofla toil tltstooBiou autoil, ltoil flltOpsl vo: xa­paKtl]pLOOij tOUAO.xtOtOV ~ <ltuxe<;. 1'JtO va 000;;crtoil<; KOflfloUVlOta<; liq>90vo Klli tVtUltCllOLaKOOAlKO yLO: ltp0ltaya.vBa.

H NEA HrELIA KAl TO EeNIKON ZHTHMA

LtO: t945 0 ZaxapLaBl]<;, oe flLO: tltiO"SL Ka9uote­Pl]f1&VOU ltatpLCllncrfloil, tBfJACllos: «'Alto to 1931ltoil aV&Aa~a t"V fJyeoia toU. to tnl]VtKO KOflflOU-

'0 ·ApXI1Yoc TaU 1\0;I<OU K6~I.ICTOC nOVOYrlC Tco>.66PI1CI(oi 6 tK TWV OT£VWTtpwv ouve:pyonjjv TOU ~rll.J. MciEll.loc.

KQTO cpwToypacpiav TOU 1934.

vLcrnKo KOflfla <llteppLIjIS to tuv9l]fla tij<; MaKSBo­VLKij<; Kai epaKLKij<; avssaptl]cr(a<;, Kal tooPIl ylO:flla <lKOfla 'l'Opo: Ol]AooVSt on fJ MaKsBovia elvaL Kai00: flElVl] tAAl]VLKfJ»27.

27. A a 1 K 11 4> co v 'Ii. 25 'OKlmppiou 1945.

67

npo'llaviiit; t~a"i~&,o "'0 Y&YOVOt; 5n " ~y6.A'1

otA&lo'l''1'llla mil tn'1v.Koil Aaoil iic,&p& tM:x.",aItpaYflam "X&nKa f1l: '0 ltap&ASOV ,oil KOlllla'Ot;,"UlIlt&PLAafll3a\'OlIeV'1t; Kai 'fit; alto'lla,,&OOt;, KaiflaA.",a 01l0'llro\OU, 'fit; ,&nip''1t; 'OAo~AEiat; ltOUtA,,'llS'1 UltO 'itv «Vea "y&"ia» ,oil NiKOU Zaxa­puio,].

'H ,&,ap,'1 'OA0f1l:AEla ltOU cruvflAB& "Ti) XaA­

Kioa 'ov "'&Kell~P\O ,oil 1931, ti,av OU",a"nKa "ltpOl''1 /;lti"'1I1'1 "uv&Opia"'t; 'fit; A&y0Il£V'1t; v£at; ,,­y&criat; ,oil KKE ltOU &IX& OlOp'''Sfi altO 'itv KOII­

lV'£pV '0 ltP0'1YOUII&\·o 'llS.vo"oopo. I;'it "UV&­opia". au'it 0 av,,,,p:'>"OOltOt; 'fit; KOfl'V'£PV, EVUt;r&PllavOt; KOliflOUV."'itt; YV<OO1:6<; liE '0 ovolla rKpoil­

~, av&'ll£pS'1 "'0 alro\lto /;SV.KO ~"''1l1a Kai lIa"d­yoo,,& aAUlt'1,a OAOUt; mut; ltP0'1youlI£VOUt; "yET",

,oil KOlllla,Ot;, xoopit; /;c,aip&"., Ka''1Y0pOlv,at; '0KKE on «OEV /;ltflp& /;V&pyo II£POt; ,,'ov EltaVa"m­nKO ayiiiva y.a /;SV.Kit alt&A&USEpOO'" ,iiiv Aaiiiv ltOUKa,altl£~ovm. alto mut; 'En'1V&t;». '"

'AVTaltOKplVOII£V'1 ",a ,vmva AOrta mil rKpoil~&,

" 'OAolI£AEla /;'I''''lll''& Ilia altO ,it; "acp£",&p", allo­cp6.(J£l~ ROi> OLU'tlntffiOS notE; to KKE 1Uivro <no t­SVIKO S£fla.

«'H 'EAAciOa &lval Eva ifllt&plaAl"nKo Kpa'Ot;

ltOU EX&1 Ka,aM~&1 flE 'it ~ia OMKA'1pet; It&PLOXEt;Ka'OIK'1f1l:Vet; altO liAAEt; /;SVOTI]'"' (MaK&Oovia Kai0p<iK'1). 'Ev 6vOlian ,iiiv ~mKOOv apxOOv mil IIltoA­

"e~IKl"fl.oil ,6 KOlillouvl"nKo KOllfla 'fit; 'EAAaOat;OlaK'1pu""&1 yU1 TIl MaK&Oovia Kai 'it 0paK'1 '0

o6vS'1l1a 'fit; aUmOlaS&"'1t; ltOU "UliltePlAall~aV&'

Kai '0 XOOpl"1I0 alto ,6 'En'1VlKO Kpamt; Kai UltO­"''1pi~el /;V&pya 'ov /;ltaVa",anKo ayOOva milltA'1­eu"lIoil ,iiiv lteplOXiiiv au,iiiv Yla 'itv /;SVlKit mut;alteAEuS£pw,,'1"...

'H altocpamt; auTi) alte'£AE"& Ti) ~a". 'fit; ltOAl­nKflt; mil KOfllla,Ot; yU1 liAAa ,plalll"U xpoVLa. Tl)vliVOlC,1 Of1Wt; mil 1935 EylV& 11'0. Pl~IKit anayl).

'Elti lila oeKaeTia Kai ltAtOV I) ",a"lt; ,oil KKE

yilpOO altO '0 ManoovLKo Kai 0paKlKO ~1)''1l1a

&lxe aflUupro"&1 'itv elKova ,oil KOlillamt; ",a lI,hlamil tn'1vl1coil Aaoil lit lila ~apela OKla ltpoOo",at;.rU1 ltOnOUt; 'En'1vet;, fl/; ap.",&pi~ou,,", ltOAmK"Kai KOlVOOVlK/;t; aV'nAI)'I'elt;, I) cruvepyacria flE mUt;

KOlillouv""Eo; Itapou",a~omv '&AElooo; alt&;tSl)o;, aKpl­~ooo; /;c, ai,iat; 'flo; SE"&OOt; ltOU &IXe ltap&. '0 KOlilia"'0 ~1)''1l1a ,oil alt0Xoopl"1I0il tAA'1VlKOOV /;oa'lliiiv.KaSe "o~apl) ltpOmtci9&la va lopu9f1 Eva 'EvlatoMETOOltO /;K ,iiiv Ka,OO Kai EK ,OOv livoo "mv Ka,aOlKa-

28. n f; v t t X p 6 v 1 a, ad.. 42.29. NEoC; P1Co<f1tQ.a't'll;.5 MaP'tiou 1932.

68

"1I£V'1 "E altotuxL. E'll' 5"ov '0 KOlilia Ec,aKoAouSoO"e

va &IvaI '0 KOlilia 'flo; ."pooo"iaO;ll.Tov 'AltpiAlO ,oil 1935 ",pi,'1 'OAolI£AE.a 'fit;

K&v,p'Kflo; 'EltLTpo"flc; EyKa'£AE''I'& /;lti"'1fla '0"UVS'1l1a Yla lila aV&C,ap,'1''1 MaK&oovla Kai ,,'itSE"1 'au UloS£''1"e '0 o6v9'1fla «altOAU''1 l"o''1mYla ,io; ~lOVO''1'&o;». To KOlilia &IX& aVaKaAU'I'elc,a'llvlKa 5n «"'0 'flfllla 'flo; MaK&Oovlao; ltOU ~pi­

"K&,al Ka,OO altO tAA'1VlKO EAEHO EXouv tyKam­

"mSfi 'En'1v&o; ltpo,,'lluy&o; Kai "ltAElO'I''1'llla milltA'1SU"floil "1)1I&pa &IvaI tn'1VlK". 'H anayl) ",I)v/;9\,OAOYlKI) o6vS&,,'1 'ilo; £AA'1VlKflo; MaK&Ooviao;,

crt "U v 0 Ua " II 0 II E '0 v av " 'll a " I "n­K 0 K a i a v , • It °A &III K 0 a y & v a, a It a I­t EI 'tTtv avtTK.utUO"tUall toO n:UAUlOU (J\)v9~J1a't<><;»30

'H ltpaYflUnKI) /;C,itY'l"lo; Yla ,I) ~,a~oAit 'ilo;ltoAtnKflo; ,oil KOllflU'Ot; lta\l(l) ",6 /;It(flaxo au,o

S£fla &Up(OK.,m "'0 Ultoypaflfll"f1l:vO 'flflfla 'ilo;ltP0'1YOUIIEV'1o; ltapaypa'llou. '0 I"XUpl"flOo; 5n '0KOllfla /;yKa'£AE"'& ,I)v 9£,,1 'ou "aVOO "'0 MaKe­

OoVlKO ~"''1l1a 'ltOU ,I)v &IX& Kpa,I)"&1 It&1''lIanKa'O"OV Kalpo flOVO Kai 1I0VO /;It&IOI) linac,e " /;Svo­AOYlKI) "uvSe",o; 'fit; It&plOxflt;, timv '0 Aly<ilT&POa'll,;A"o;. 'H avmnayi) ,OOv ltA'1SucrIlOOV Kai " /;YKa­,a",a"'t; ,OOv 'ltpo"'lluyoov ",I) MaK&Oovia elxav 11&­

,a~aAAEl 'itv teVOAOYIKI) "uvSe", 'flo; It&plOxflo;'OUAaXl"mV oEKa XPovla ltpiv 5mv 6 mupKIK6<;

"A'1eu"lIoo; &IX& 'llUY&1 Yla 'itv ToupKia Kai 01 'EA­A'1V&o; altO 'itv MlKpa 'A"ia &Ixav ltap&l ,"v S£m mu.,AKofla Kai 0 upa'lleijl Mac,tIlOO;, "'I) olacpoovia 'au

liE 'ov Mavou"AOKI "'0 50 naYKo"fllO I;UV£OPIO

'flo; KOfl'VT£PV '0 1924, &IXe avayvoop("el 5n "£AA'1VllCit MalCeoov(;x &Ixe tn'1VlKO ltA'1SU"1I0.'0 "paYflanKoo; AOY0o; Yla TI)V tylCaTaAEl'l'l ,oil Ma­

KeOovlKoil cruvS"lIa,oo; "mv " alto'llamo; 'flo; KOIIIV''SPy va altoouSfi crt lila lCaSoAllC" 'ltpo"ltci9&la Yla'0 "X'1flan"flO tvoo; t\ltaiou M&,"",ou tIC ,oo" Ka,OOKai tlC ,OOv livoo. I;'l)v 'EAMoa '0 "uVS'1l1a y 0 titv

avec,ap''1"la 'flo; MalC&Oov(at; Kai 'ilo; 0po.K'10;",av '0 'ltLO "o~apo /;lIltOolO Yla 'it O'1l1lOupy(a,oil Me,roltou. ' AAAa Eva 'Evlato M£,oo"o dxe"OAU ~yaAU'&P'1 "oAmKI) crnouoal6T'1m alto OltOla­o"lto,e "AEOV&lC'''flam IIltOpoil,,& 'UXov va ltpO,,­

'll£P'1 " lCOflflouvl"nlC" O'1l1ayooy(a ava~"a

"toUo; «MaK&06v&o;». 01 KOIILTa'~flo", 'flo; IMPO&lxav ltaU"&1 "po ltonoil va cruV&pya~oovnn flt ,I)v

K OIlIVT£pV. 'H "uvepya"ia IMPO - KOII'VT£pvdxe olapKE"&1 1I0VO A(YOUo; lIilveo; '0 lCaAo.

30.I:!t.KQ Xp6V1Q 'Ayoo vtc;. 1935-1945 (dOJCOU-­~tvta. "EJCc5o(nc; K.evt'PllC:~<; 'E1tl-rponf1<; KKE, 1946) O"EJ... 66.'Ecpsl;ftc; : !1 tIC a X p 6 v 1 a .A "( (1) V E C;. "15£ bianc; KoJ!t7l.'Ap. 17, I ASK&~pplou 1935.

t , ' .' ,~ ~.. .. _t·. _ ~ ~

-", : ~ ... """ "" ~- --

Ai £KAOyoi Tr;c: 251)<:: IenTElJ6p;ou 1932 tcr'lIJovav oo6apov nTWOlV TOU KOlJlJaTOC: TWV¢IIAe:AEu8tpwv TO anoiov tKtplSlOE IJOVOV 100 tn; ouv6)..ou 250 t5pwv. Eic TOUC E:K­Aey£vToc ne:plEAo\-l66voVTO Koi 5£1(0 TOU un6 KOIJIJOUVIOTIKOV £AE:VXOV AoiKOO lJETW­nou. 'H ouvBcolc TI)C BouA"c: KoBioTO ovano<p£uKTOV TOV OxrllJOTIOIJOv Ku8Epv~oEwc:

ouvaonl0lJou. ~ Enpene: OlJwc: v6 npoIW'18r; ri avayvwplolc. Tiic: •A6aoiAeuTou t:..I1IJO­KpCTiac: tK IJ£pouc: TOU I\.OiKOO KOIJlJoToc;. TOllTa tytVETO Tr;V 3'l" 'OKTW6piou 1932IJ£ tnloTOAr;V TOO n. TooA56PI1 npoe: TOV npoe::5pov TflC: 6.rWoKpOTiac:..AVlintpw TOjJtAl) Tr;c BouAiic: TOO 1932. l110KpivETOl 6 ToaA56p'1C: 5£Eu) eic: Trlv npun., OElp6.

TtTOpTOC: tE OplOTEpWV &iVOI 6 SElJ. IOqlOUAI1C.

Kaipl to;) 1924. ME til OOAocpovia toil Tovtol' 'AA&­SaVol'OlCP Kat ti]v livooo toil 'I~av MtXai]AillCP crti]vi]y&cria til<; IMPO t'J ataiplacrtT] crOl1l1axia KatEI'­I"'ucr&. '0 M1xai]A.illCP ;;yLV& to opyavo til<; itaA1Kil<;ESillt&plKil<; ltOA.lttKil<; m:a BakK<1Vla. or K0l1l1oUV1­crtal Ol1ill<;, Elti al'K&ta XPOVla l1&ta alto ti]v Kat<1l'­P&OcrL til<; Ecpi]I1&I'T]<; «<Jt)l1l1axia<;>l tillV I1E ti]v IMPO,EsaKoAou90ilcrav va EAlt(~OOV on " UltOcrti]PlSlI; EKI1EpOOe; tillV tile; «MaK&OOVlKile; av&saptT]criae;>l 91i.Katrop9illV& vii. EVLcrXUcrT] tOUe; BooAY<1I'0Ue; KOl1l1oo­vtcrt<'t<; Kat va Elt&Kt&lVT] ti]v EltLPPOi] tOOe; l1&taSUtWV «MUlCEOOVroV». Ba9J.11100v DIlUlC;; civ't€l.ilcp9-T}oav

Ott i",om:T]l'i~ovta<; to cruv9T]l1a Yla av&saptOltOiT]crLES0lt'll'&toilcrav altAroe; toUe; aVnK&LI1&VLKOUe; meoMUe;'['(ov 'hUA<1>V q>acrL(J""[(i')v 31.

Kai Etcrl to cruv9Tll1a EyKata4icp9TlK&. To KKEtOtX9T]K& tijv aAkayij I1E Eva crt&vaYl1o avaKoucpi­crEille;. 'OTTille; 9a oOill1& savaY"l'lcr& crta Xp&illKO­It'lI1EVa crov9ijl1at<1 tOU ltoA.M. XI'OvLa apyot&l'a crta1949, crE crttYI1Ee; altEA.ltLcriae;, OtaV ltEpvoilcr& tijv cro­~aprot€PTl Kl'lcrL too.

3fS;i;Z-op. cit., O'EA..-3/J, n~r-16s. 215-242.

69