1. , . 2, . 8, 2002 . . , ( ) , - .1 , 2 , , . , . -, 3 , (=), , , , , 1Noni Panopolitani, , . , Arthurus Ludwich (ed.),Lipsiae, B. G. Teubner, 1909, vol. 1, 7, vers. 367 8, p. 168 : () (), , () .2 : C. Kernyi, Surnames ofDionysos, The Gods of the Greeks, rendered into English by Norman Cameron, U.S.A.,Thames and Hudson Ltd., 1992, p. 272 274 Jane Hellen Harrison, , . , , . , 1995, . 68 - 70, 85 - 140.3Henry G. Liddell Robert Scott, , . , , , . , ., . 4, . 698.

2. , . 2, . 8, 2002 2 , 4 5 (, ), , , 6 () , 7 (). , , -8. , , , () (365; - 317/307; ..), 9. (47/50 - 120/5 ..), 10 , , , 4 Anonymi, Etymologicon Magnum, Thomas Gaisford (ed.), reprint of the edition Oxford1848, Amsterdam, Adolf M. Hakkert publisher, 1994, col. 2291.5 Iohannis Zonarae, Lexicon, ex tribus codicibus manuscriptis nunc primum edidit,observationibus illustravit et indibus instruxit Iohannes Augustus Henricus Tittmann, Lipsiae,sumptibus Siegfr. Lebr. Crusii, 1808, tomus secundus, col. 1886. Suidae, Lexicon, Ada Adler(ed.), Lexicographi Graeci, recogniti et apparatu critico instructi, Lipsiae, B. G. Teubner, 1933,vol. 1, pars 3, - ;, 89, p. 609. Hesychii Alexandrini, Lexicon, Kurt Latte (ed.), Denmark,Ejnar Munksgaard editore, 1966, vol. 2, - , p. 806. H. G. Liddell R. Scott, . ., .4, . 698 Guilelmus Schultze, Quaestiones Epicae, Gueterslohae C. Bertelsmanni, 1892,p. 121.6J. B. Hofmann, , ., , 1989, . 511.7Plutarchs, Moralia, E. H. Warmington (ed.), The Loeb Classical Library, founded by JamesLoeb, with an english translation by W. C. Helmbold, Great Britain, London WilliamHeinemann LTD Cambridge, Massachusetts Harvard University Press, 1970, vol. VI, 13.462. B, p.146, .8Orphica, , cum notis H. Stephani - A. Chr. Eschenbachii - I. M. Gesneri - Th. Tyrwhitti,recensuit Godofredus Hermannus, Lipsiae, sumptibus Caspari Fritsch, 1805, pars prima, vol. I,L. 640, p. 429, , Nonii Panopolitani,, . , . ., vol. 1, 14, vers. 80, p. 298, .9 : Fritz von Wehrli (ed.), Die Schule des Aristoteles, , , , Basel - Stuttgart, Benno Schwabe und Co., 1957, vol. IX, p.5 43 Johannes Engels, Phainias of Eresos, Die Fragmente der GriechischenHistoriker continued, Felix Jacoby (ed.), part four, Biography and Antiquarian Literature,Edited by G. Schepens, The Pre - Hellenistic Periods by J. Bollanse - J. Engels - G. Schepens -E. Theys, Netherlands, Brill, Leiden Boston - Kln, 1998, IV A: Biography, Fascicle 1, p. 266- 351.10 Plutarque, Vies, Solon - Publicola, Thmistocle - Camille, mile Chambry - Marcel Junaux(eds), Collection des universits de France, publie sous le patronage de l association GuillaumeBud, texte tabli et traduit par Robert Flacelire, Paris, Socit d dition Les Belles Lettres,1961, tom. II, 13. 2 -5, p. 117b - 118b. 3. , . 2, . 8, 2002 3 . , , - , , . , , , , , . :13. 2 - , , . . 3 , , - , - . 4 - , -, - - - . 5 - 11 . , 11Fritz von Wehrli (ed.), Die Schule des Aristoteles, , ,, . ., p. 290, is the spelling of his name found in inscriptiones fromhis native island Lesbos and is therefore to be preffered to , the Attic and common Greekform of the same name used e.g. by Plutarch.. 4. , . 2, . 8, 20024, 12 , : , , , , . , , : ) 13(= ;) Baroccianum 137 14 , ) 15(=) 16 Monacensem 85 17 ) 18(=) Lectiones Vulcobianas 19 , . . , . : ) 20 52421 , , , , , (=). :25 , , , .12 . , - ,, . 2 ( 2002), http://users.hol.gr/~dilos/anistor/cover_gr.htm13 ( ) . .14 Plutarchi, Vitae Parallelae, , Caroli Sintenis (ed.), Lipsiae, C. F. Koehler, 1839,vol. 1, p. 242.15 .16 H. G. Liddell R. Scott, . ., . 4, . 698.17 Plutarchi, Vitae Parallelae, , . ., 1841, vol. 2, p. 99.18 , , , - .19 Plutarchi, Vitae Parallelae, , . ., vol. 2, p. 24.20 : Paul Kroh, . ., . 65 - 66.21 The Greek Anthology, E. H. Warmington (ed.), The Loeb Classical Library, . ., withan english translation by W. R. Paton, 1968, vol. 3, 524. vers. 25, p. 290. 5. , . 2, . 8, 2002 5) , 22 (86 - 30..), , , , , , . : , - , -5 , - . , .) 216523, , , - (630/620 - ; ..)24, 25, , 26 , 27 . , 28, , . :22 Plutarchi, Vitae Parallelae, , Cl. Lindskog K. Ziegler (ed.), Lipsiae, B. G. Teubner,1915, vol. III, fasc. I, 24. 2 8, p. 94.23 Alcaeus, E. Lobel C. H. Roberts E. P. Wegener (eds), The Oxyrhynchus Papyri, GreatBritain, London Egypt Exploration Society, 1941, part XVIII, fr. 1, p. 31 32.24 Paul Kroh, - , . . . , , Studio University Press, 1996, . 50 - 51.25 C. M. Bowra, , . . . , , ,. , 1997, . 1, . 201 - 259.26 , : , - , , , 387, , . . , - : , . , , , . , 1996, . 12.27 , , . , , . , , : , -, . ., . 12.28 C. M. Bowra, . ., . 217 - 218. 6. , . 2, . 8, 20026].. ...].... 29 [], 5 [] , , [] .) 371130, , . 31, , - 32, , 33. 34, , , , . : 2[[[] [5 .[.[29 , ..,http://www.culture.gr/2/21/211/21120a/g211ta09.html.30 Lesbiaca (Commentary on Alcaeus?), M. W. Haslam (ed.), The Oxyrhynchus Papyri, Greaco-Roman Memoirs, No. 73, Great Britain, Published for the British Academy by the LondonEgypt Exploration Society, 1986, vol. LIII, fr. 1, col. 2, vers. 1 30, p. 116 117.31 Lesbiaca (Commentary on Alcaeus?), M. W. Haslam (ed.), . ., vers. 18 26, p. 116 117.32 Lesbiaca (Commentary on Alcaeus?), M. W. Haslam (ed.), . ., Whether Omestes isthe performer or the victim of the sacrifice depends upon the construction of 24 - 25.33 Lesbiaca (Commentary on Alcaeus?), M. W. Haslam (ed.), . ., . 122.34 Lesbiaca (Commentary on Alcaeus?), M. W. Haslam (ed.), . ., vers. 27 30, p. 117 . 123. 7. , . 2, . 8, 20027 ------------------------------------------- .[ [10[ [ [ .[ [15 [] ..[ .. [..]..16 [].[.]. [ ] ...[ [20 [...]..[ .....[..]..[ .[..].....[..] -25 {} - . . [] - , - [] [-30 []. ) (150; - 211/15 ..)35, , , , , - , 36 , , , 35 . , - , 2, , , 1978,. 2, . 765 - 804.36 , . , , , , ,, . . , . , 112, , - , 1992, . 1. 8. , . 2, . 8, 20028 37 , . , (300; - 250; ..)38. :5 ( ) - , 6 39 , , , ) 1953 .. 40 41 ) , 42, 43 ( , , , ,44, ), 45. , 46 , 37 , , , . ., 42. 5 - 6, .108.38 Dosiadas , , Die Fragmente der Griechischen Historiker, FelixJacoby (ed.), Leiden, E. J. Brill, 1950, 458. frag. 7, vol. III B, p. 394 - 39639 .40 . , , - , . . , , , 1986, . 2, . 202.41 Walter Burkert, - , . . . , , . , 1993, . 344.42 Monique Grard-Rousseau, Les mentions religieuses dans le tablettes mycniennes, Italy,edizioni dell Ateneo Roma, 1968, p. 74 76 K. Kernyi, Dionysos : Urbild desunzerstrbaren Lebens, Mnchen Wien, 1976, p. 70 72 W. Burkert, . .,. 344, ( -).43 , Bacchae, introduction, Eric Robertson Dodds (ed.), second edition, Great Britain,Oxford at the Clarendon Press, 1986, p. xvi xx.44 (= ), .45 E. R. Dodds, , . , , , . . , ., . 228 - 229.46 : Jane Hellen Harrison, - , . , , ., 1995, . 53 - 82. 9. , . 2, . 8, 20029 . :) 47 (485/4; - 406 ..) 48 , 49, , , , 50. . : , ,5 . 10 15 . < > 20 .47 , , Colinus Austin (ed.), Kleine texte fr vorlesungen und bungen,begrndet von Hans Lietzmann, herausgegeben von Kurt Aland, 187, nova fragmentaEuripidea in papyris repeta, Berlin, Walter de Gruyter and Co., 1968, fr. 79 (472), pag. 51 52.48 P. Kroh, . ., . 184 - 193 P. E. Easterling, , P. E. Easterling B. M. W. Knox (eds), . . , .. , . . , , , . . . , 2000,. 420 - 451.49 J. H. Harrison, , . ., . 53.50 J. H. Harrison, , . ., . 53. 10. , . 2, . 8, 2002 10) 51 (407; .), , , , 52 , , , , , , . , - . : , -136 , - , , ,) (276 ..) 53 , - , , . , , , - , The old ritual of omophagy is recalledsymbolically by the piece of raw flesh that the priestess has to placein a basket, the original wild chase through the mountains has beentamed into a formal procession, and the trance is made subject toprecise rules54. :51 , Bacchae, introduction, E. R. Dodds (ed.), . ., p. xi lix.52 , Bacchae, introduction, E. R. Dodds (ed.), . ., p. xi.53 Franciszek Sokolowski, Lois sacres de l Asie mineure, cole Franaise d Athnes, travaux etmmoires des anciens membres trangers de l cole, Paris, E. De Boccard, 1955, p. 123 124.54 Louise Bruit Zaidman Pauline Schmitt Pantel, Religion in the ancient Greek city,translated by Paul Cartledge, Great Britain, Cambridge University Press, 1995, p. 199 , , , . -. .., 1997, . 107 - 108. 11. , . 2, . 8, 2002 11 .... . [.....] [] [.....] 55 [ ] , [] 5 [] , [] [], , - [] 10 [] , [] . ------------------------------------------- [.....] - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - [...........] < > [ ]15 [] [ ] [] [] , , [,] , , , [-] [] , [-]20 [] [] [] [] [ ][] [ [....... ] . ) , 56 , , , , , . : , , , , -55 , Bacchae, introduction, E. R. Dodds (ed.), . ., p. xvi xvii, means,i think, throw to the crowd of celebrants.56 Plutarque, Sur la Disparition des Oracles, Robert Flaceliere (ed.), Annales de l Universit deLyon, troisime srie Lettres - Fascicule 14, Paris, Socit d dition Les Belles Lettres, 1947,14, p. 137. 12. , . 2, . 8, 200212 , , 57, , .) , , , , . , , , 58 . , 59, Adversus Nationes Adversus Gentes, , , .. 60. :16 ......Bacchanalia etiam praeter-17 mittemus inmania quibus nomen Omophagiis graecum est, in18 quibus furore mentito et sequestrata pectoris sanitate circum-19 plicatis vos anguibus, atque ut vos plenos dei numine ac maies-20 tate doceatis, caprorum reclamantium viscera cruentatis oribus21 dissipatis61.57 Pindari, Carmina cum fragmentis selectis, Otto Schroeder (ed.), Lipsiae, B. G. Teubner, 1909,fr. 208, p. 336.58 Walter Burkert, . ., . 592 593 Jean-Marie Pailler, Bacchanalia, Bibliothquedes coles Franaises d Athnes et de Rome, fasc. 270, Roma, Ecole franaise de Rome PalaisFarnse, 1988.59 Arnobii, Adversus Nationes, Augustus Reifferscheid (ed.), Corpus ScriptorumEcclesiasticorum Latinorum, Editum Consilio et Impensis Academiae Litterarum CaesareaeVindobonensis, Apud C. Geroldi Filium Bibliopolam Academiae, 1875, vol. IV, 19. 16 21, p.190.60 , , , . . , 1988,. 112.61 : , , , . 13. , . 2, . 8, 2002 13 , , . 62 , Gruppe 63 , Farnell 64 , Decharme 65 , Harrison 66 ,Nilsson 67 , Dodds 68 , , , , .. 69 , ,, , , (=), , .. 70, . , , - , , , . 71 72 . , , 73. , ... "" , , , , , 62 sir James George Fraser , The golden bough a study in magic and religion, New York, OxfordUniversity Press, 1994 ( ).63 O. Gruppe, Griechische mythologie und religionsgeschichte, Mnchen, C. H. Beck, 1906, vol.2, p. 732.64 Lewis Richard Farnell, Dionysiac ritual The cults of the Greek states, Oxford at theClarendon Press, 1909, vol. 5, p. 166 167.65 P. Decharme, , . . , . ., ., . 2, . 536 - 537.66 J. H. Harrison, , . ., . 110 - 116.67M. P. Nilsson, , , . , , , . . ., 1993, . 106 - 107.68 E. R. Dodds, , . ., . 229 - 230.69 , Bacchae, introduction, E. R. Dodds (ed.), . ., p. xviii.70 E. R. Dodds, , . ., . 230.71 Jane Hellen Harrison, - , . ., . 56 . 8, . 187.72 J. H. Harrison, , . 110 - 116. , , , : http:// www. culture.gr/2/21/212/21203n/g212cn21.html.73 NovumTestamentum Greace, , apparatum criticum recensuerunt eteditionem novis curis elaboraverunt, Germany, Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft Stuttgart, 1991, 26.26 30. 14. , . 2, . 8, 200214 , , , ...74. , Burkert75, , - , . , , , - , , , . , Detienne 76 , Zaidman Pantel, , , ) () , , At the opposite extreme fromvegetarianism and abstinence from meat eating was the omophagiaor eating of raw flesh practised by followers of Dionysos. This ritualtook the form of hunting game, tearing the victim apart(diasparagmos), and devouring its limbs raw. Here we find theprecise inversion of all the characteristics and values of the civicsacrifice, and a total confusion of the normal boundaries betweenthe tame and the wild, and between men and the beasts. 77 Here, then, are all the marks of a perversion and inversion ofnormal sacrifice and its functions: wild nature opposed to thecultured space of the city, the hunting of wild beasts as opposed tothe killing of domestic animals, transgression of slaughter anddistribution, absence of the fire and cooking that would havetransformed the raw meat into cultivated food. To indulge inDionysiac sacrifice, that is to say, was a way of turning oneself intoa savage and thereby rejecting civic sacrifice and the values itexpressed.78 ) - 74 Jean-Pierre Vernant, , . . . , , ., 2000, . 9.75 Walter Burkert, Homo Necans - The anthropology of ancient Greek sacrificial ritual andmyth, translated by Peter Bing, Berkeley, California University Press, 1983, p. 70.76 M. Detienne, Ronger la tte de ses parents Dionysos orphique et le bouilli rti Dionysos mis mort, Paris, 1977.77 L. B. Zaidman P. S. Pantel, . ., p. 39.78 L. B. Zaidman P. S. Pantel, . ., p. 174. 15. , . 2, . 8, 200215 , By overstepping the boundaryseparating men from the beasts Dionysiac orgiastic worshipprovided an alternative means of exploring the human condition,beyond the limits set by the Promethean model of sacrifice.79. , , , , , , . , , , , . , , , - (), . , W. Otto 80 . , , , C.Kernyi 81 . , , , , . ) 82 , ) 83, ) 3711 ) 79 L. B. Zaidman P. S. Pantel, . ., p. 174.80 Walter F. Otto, - , . ,, . , 1991.81 C. Kernyi, The Gods of the Greeks, . . , Dionysos, Stuttgart, Klett Cotta, 1994.82 Emily Ledyard Shields, Dionysos The cults of Lesbos, U. S. A., George BantaPublishing Company, Menasha Wisconsin, 1917, p. 56 67. . , , , 1978, , , , , 1974. Dennis D. Hughes, Archaeological evidence, Human sacrifice in ancient Greece, Routledge, London New York, 1991, p. 13 48. GuyLabarre, Les cits de Lesbos, aux poques Hellnistique et Impriale, Collection de l institut darchologie et de l antiquit, Universit Lumire Lyon 2, Diffusion de Boccard, 1996 IliasArnaoutogloy, Samos, Regulation on sacrifices Ancient Greeks laws A sourcebook,Great Britain, Routledge, London and New york, 1998, 108, p. 140 142.83 12. 16. , . 2, . 8, 2002 16 , 84 , 85, , , 86 . -84 Dennis D. Hughes, . ., . 134, But nothing can be said for certain on the basis ofthe brief assertion of the Christian apologist.85 , .86 . , , . , Verona, .