Ultrastructural Differences Between Longitudinal

11
Sapporo Med. J.49(4)391~401(1980) Ultrastructural Differences Between Lo and Circular Muscle Cells of the Guinea Pig Stomach Megumi MORIYA and Eisaku MIYAZAKI Z)4》απ,ηθ刀孟ρブPゐごソ5ゴoZo9とy(8θ‘’ゼ02z 2),3α勿。ゾ。 M6df6α♂Co〃鯉’θ (Cぬ庭プ; 乃¶(ゾE.ハ4乏yα之αんの The ultrastructure of the longitudinal and circular Inuscle c stomach, known to display dif[erent con亡r血ctile respoロses, was com muscleユayer consisted of about 201ayers of slnooth muscle cells an occupied about 12.1%of the cross. sectional area. The circular m closely packed muscle bundles arranged side by side. The ex.trac bundle represented about 4,4% of the cross sectional area. Nex found in the circular muscle layer but could not be found in the l Numbers of l)oth mitochondria and microtubules per unit are.a of larger in the longitudinal than in the cir.cular muscle. The cel sarcoplasmic reticulum was about 4.7%in the longitudinal muscle ce the circular muscle cell(2.3%〉, Numbers of caveolae per micrometer were almost the salne in both tissues. There we.re approxi皿ately 2 per O.5μm20f cytoplasmic area in the ldngitudinal and circular nlu Alower pH丘xative(cacodylate, pH 6、6)gave a better contrast o 丘xatives used, and an organic bu鉦ered(PIPES)五xative led to a mor of myofilaments. But the characteristic distribution of the th mus.cles was not dif[erent among the specimens丘xed with these丘xa (Received February 27,1980 and accepted May 26,19 1皿troduction Longitudinal and circular smooth muscles bf the guinea pig particular physiological and pharmacological characteristies wi response to K-depoiarizing solution, contraction of the longitu short phaslc phase followed by a longer tonic phase, whereas th only a transient contractionl). They respond differently to prosta solution and electr董eal stimulation1). It. is generally accepted that the contractile mechanism of smoo same as that of striated muscle, i. e. thick and thin filaments work t ing apparatus5・6). However, smooth muscles show dif〔erent contractil as described above. There may be many other factors that af[ect Th.e tissue specificities may be accompanied hy structural differenc Devineθ’αZ.7>estimated the volumes of the sarcoplasmic reticulu tissues and found that the volume was greater in the tonic phasic(spike generating)smooth muscles. The purpose of this work is to compare as quantitatively as po 391

Transcript of Ultrastructural Differences Between Longitudinal

Page 1: Ultrastructural Differences Between Longitudinal

Sapporo Med. J.49(4)391~401(1980)

Ultrastructural Differences Between Longitudinal

         and Circular Muscle Cells of the

                 Guinea Pig Stomach

    Megumi MORIYA and Eisaku MIYAZAKIZ)4》απ,ηθ刀孟ρブPゐごソ5ゴoZo9とy(8θ‘’ゼ02z 2),3α勿。ゾ。 M6df6α♂Co〃鯉’θ

               (Cぬ庭プ; 乃¶(ゾE.ハ4乏yα之αんの

   The ultrastructure of the longitudinal and circular Inuscle cells of the guinea pig

stomach, known to display dif[erent con亡r血ctile respoロses, was compared. The longitudinal

muscleユayer consisted of about 201ayers of slnooth muscle cells and the extracellular space

occupied about 12.1%of the cross. sectional area. The circular muscle layer consisted of

closely packed muscle bundles arranged side by side. The ex.tracellular space within the

bundle represented about 4,4% of the cross sectional area. Nexuses wer.e consistently

found in the circular muscle layer but could not be found in the longitudinal muscle layer.

Numbers of l)oth mitochondria and microtubules per unit are.a of smooth muscle ce11 were

larger in the longitudinal than in the cir.cular muscle. The cell area occupied by the

sarcoplasmic reticulum was about 4.7%in the longitudinal muscle cell, twice as much as in

the circular muscle cell(2.3%〉, Numbers of caveolae per micrometer of the cell perimeter

were almost the salne in both tissues. There we.re approxi皿ately 25 and 50 thick丘laments

per O.5μm20f cytoplasmic area in the ldngitudinal and circular nluscle cell, respectively.

Alower pH丘xative(cacodylate, pH 6、6)gave a better contrast of specimens than other

丘xatives used, and an organic bu鉦ered(PIPES)五xative led to a more regular arrangement

of myofilaments. But the characteristic distribution of the thick丘laments between both

mus.cles was not dif[erent among the specimens丘xed with these丘xatives.

                            (Received February 27,1980 and accepted May 26,1980)

                                    1皿troduction

    Longitudinal and circular smooth muscles bf the guinea pig stomach are known to show

particular physiological and pharmacological characteristies with. respect to contractility. In

response to K-depoiarizing solution, contraction of the longitudinal muscle strip involves a

short phaslc phase followed by a longer tonic phase, whereas the circular muscle strip shows

only a transient contractionl). They respond differently to prostaglandin2卍4), and to Na-free

solution and electr董eal stimulation1).

    It. is generally accepted that the contractile mechanism of smooth muscle is basically the

same as that of striated muscle, i. e. thick and thin filaments work together as a force・generat-

ing apparatus5・6). However, smooth muscles show dif〔erent contractility from tissue to tissue夢

as described above. There may be many other factors that af[ect the contractile process.

Th.e tissue specificities may be accompanied hy structural differences in the smooth muscle cells.

Devineθ’αZ.7>estimated the volumes of the sarcoplasmic reticulum of several smooth muscle

tissues and found that the volume was greater in the tonic smooth muscles than in the

phasic(spike generating)smooth muscles.

    The purpose of this work is to compare as quantitatively as possible, the丘ne structure

                                         391

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392 MoRIYA, M. and M工YAz.AKI, E. Sapporo Med. J.

of smooth muscle cells in longitudinal and circular muscles of the guinea pig stomach, which

are distinctly difEerent i血their contractility properties. A brief description of some of the

results reported here has been presented l〕efore as a short communicationB)・

                              R【aterials and Methods

    Nine guinea pigs weighing between 300 and 450 grams were used for electron microscopy.

They were stunned and bled. The s.tomach was excised and dissected alQng the greater

cuエvature. LQngitudlnal mu.scle strips(1.5-2 mm wide,15-20 mm long)were prepared by

dissecting along the fring.e in the region of the corpus and separating the strip fro.m the.

mucosal layer. The circular muscle strips were dissected out perpendicular to the longitudinal

muscle preparation from the same region.

    Each strip was moun.ted in an organ bath and attached to a kymograph. After 30 min

or more. incubation in a physiological solution(mM:NaCl,125;KC1,5.7;CaC12,2.0;MgC12,

0.5;NaHCO3,!5;glucose,12)at 37℃, aerated with 95%02. and 5%CO2, the muscle was

relaxed by adding adrenaline(丘nal concentr.ation;10-5 M), and then pre一丘xed by replacing

the solution with a warln丘xative(see below). The length change of the musele strips during

fixation was negligible. The丘xed tissue was detached from the rnounting lever of the apparatus

and cut into small pieces in a fresh fixative. Some stomachs were丘xed immediately after

removal frQm th.e bQdy at room temperature, and th.e corpus part was dissected after a few

minutes, and cut into snlall blocks in fresh fixative.

    The tissues were pre一丘xed with 2.5%glutaraldehyde in O.1 M cacodylate bu任er, pH 7.4

at room temperature for 2 hr, washed with O.1 M cacodylate bu登er containing O.2 M sucrose

for more than l hr and then post一子xed with 1%osmium tetroxide in O.1 M cacodylate bu任er

containing O.2 M sucrose at low temperature(0~4。C)for l hr.

    To ensure optimal pres.ervation of thick filaments the follQwing buffer solutions were

used, based on the丘ndings of previous inve.stigationsg”11):(1)0.1 M cacodylate bu任er, pH 6.6,

(2)0.1Mcocodylate bu晩r, pH 6.6 plus 10 mM MgC12, and(3)0.1 M pip.erazine N-Nノーbis

[2ethanol sulfonic acid(PIPES)], pH 7.6.

    The specimens were stained en bloc with 2%urany!acetate for l hr, dehydrated in all

ethanol series, and embedded in Epon 812. Thin sections cut transverおely to the longitudihal

axis of muscle cells with glass knives, were stained with O.2%lead citrate12>.

  君ηα卿‘αz伽の

    Profiles of transversely sectioned ce11.s at the level of the nucleus or at the level of the polar

regions of the nucleus where organ611es are concentrated were not selected for analysi.s, The

area and the perimeter of each cross-sectioned ce11(magni且ed to×3.0,000)were e.stimated l)y

using a丘lm analysing system(Model 514,00sawa Sho-Kai, Tokyo). The portions of the

sarco.plasmic reticulum(SR)w.ere carefully painted with black ink and.then all of the painted

areas were integrated by a Photo Pattern Analyzer(Model 250, Applied Electric Lab. Co.

Ltd., Japan). The SR content wa.s expressed as a percentage of the cross.sectional area of

each smooth muscle cell.

    The other cell organelles, m.itochondria, microtubules and caveolae were counted on each

profile and were expressed as numbers per unit cross sectlonal area or per unit-length of

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49(4)1980       Ultrastructure of Guinea Pig Stomach Muscle          393

the perimeter of the ce11.

    The extracellular space within the muscle bundles was also estimated by the Photo Pattefn

Analyzer by subtracting the area of painted cells from a selected area of 300μm2 in a pic加re

magni丘ed to x9,000.

                                       Results

  ㎝αrαc詑ガ5彦ゴ‘5(~プPo’α∬∫z4ηz Coη’γ・o‘’πr65(~ズLoη9ゴ彦〃6カ24Zαη6αr(7%Zα7・M%5‘Z6∫

    In response to Kdepol且rizing solution(Na i頁nor血al solution was replaced by K), the

long三tudinal muscle strip contracted gradually and reached the lnaximum shortening Ievel after

10~15min. In some cases,1t showed a shoulder peak at the beginning of isotonic contrac.

tion. On the other hand, the circular muscle strip contracted quickly to its maximum]evel

but then relaxed within a mlnute almost to the initial level. Although the time required to

reach the maximum shortening level was greatly different between the two muscles, the mag-

nitude of contraction was almost the same(about 50%of resting Iength at load around 10%

of the force genera.ted by the tissue). These contractile patterns correspond well to those

s.een by Kuriyalna 6オαZ.1)who lneasured isometric contractions.

  T1155πθ (hη5診rπごオ∫0η

    The muscle layers of the gu玉nea pig stomach in the corpus region were around O.2 mm

thick, estimated from thick sections of Epon embedded tissue by light microscopy(the value

was hot corrected for the shrinkage of tiss:ue during丑xation and embedding).. The outer,

longitudinal muscle layer, occupied one third of the thickness, and consisted of about 201ayers

of muscle ce11s. In the inner, circular Iayer, which occupied two thirds of the t11量ckness,

muscle ce11s were densely packed in large bundles(approximately O.02 mm2 in cross-sectional

area)arranged side by sid.e.

    Fig.1shows crQss sectioned pro丘les of the longitudinal and circular muscle layers at

low magni丘。.ation. Although the strip had been fully relaxed with adrenaline(10-5M), lon-

gitudinal smooth lnuscle cells are irregu】ar in shape(Fig.1A). The extracellular space between

the longitudinal muscle ce11s. was 12.1±1.0%of the cross sectional area.0且the other hand,

the mロscle bundle of the circular layer was densely packed with muscle cells which had a

rather smooth surface(Fig.1B)and the extracellular.space was approximately 4.4±0.6960f

the cross sectional area.

    As shown in Figs.1Band 2 B血exuses were seen between some drculaエェnuscle cel]s,

but could not be found in the longitudinal layer. Other cell to cell contacts, intermediate

junctions and simple appositions13), were seen in both layers, but more frequent】y between the

circular muscle cells. While interdigitations between two muscle cells sometimes occurred in

the longitudinal muscles, this was rarely observed in the circular muscles.

    Nerve fibers were c.ommonly observed among the muscle cells in both layers(Figs.1A

and.2 B). The axons were grouped in varyin.g numbers surrounded by Schwann cell process

and ran parallel with slnooth muscle cells. The varicosities observed in very rare cases in

transverse.sections, did not exhibit any speci丘。 difEerences in vesicular content between the

longitudinalζnd the circular muscle layers. Srnall, round agranuIar vesicles, small Hattened

vesicles, and 1註rge granular vesicles were usually observed in such varicosities.

Page 4: Ultrastructural Differences Between Longitudinal

394 MoRエYA, M and MIYAzAKI, E Sapporo Med J

、べ醒 @                 険動〆、ぜ,

      棉磯

瓶“ @  激 禽        勘              憂 噸                                  燈灘、糠     馨   。脳裟渚

 Fig.1 Low magnlficatlo且vlew of transverse sectlons of gulnea plg stQmach muscle layers

    五10ngltudlnal layer, B clrcular Iayer Note tlle lrregularly 5haped smooth muscle

    cells and wlder extracellular space ln/l Anerve bundle(n)1s seen ln且  Arrows

    ln B show nexuses Tlsあues relaxed wlth adlenallne, then fixed wlth glutaraldehyde

    buffered wlth O I M cacodylate, pH 66(Magn×7,000)

 蔑電

Page 5: Ultrastructural Differences Between Longitudinal

49 (4)1980 Ultrastructure of Guinea Pig Stomach Muscle 395

Fig.2 Transverse sections of smooth muscle cells in暮uinea pig stomach. Acells of longi-

  tudinal muscle layer;βcells of circular muscle layer. Sarcoplasmic reticula(SR)dis-

  tribute adjacent to caveolae(arrowheads)and tQ mitochondria. Microtubules(arrows)

  run along mitochondria or SR. Thick filaments appear more distinctly inβthan in/L.

  Anexus(NX)can be seen inβ, Ner▽e axons(n), bunbled by Schwann cell process

  are also seen inβ, Fixed with cacodylate-buffered(pH 7,4)glutaraldehyde and osmiu皿

  tetroxide, and block-stained with uranyl acetate(Magn.×30,000).

Page 6: Ultrastructural Differences Between Longitudinal

396 MoRIYA, M. and MIYAzAKI, E. Sapporo Med. J.

  1漉rαごθ〃%zαr&r鋸‘砲rθ

    Smooth muscle cells in the l.ongitudinal and circular layers are shown at hjgher magnifica-

tion.in Fig.2. The largest part of each smooth muscle cell was occupied by myo丘laments.

The other cell organelles, mitochondria, SR and microtubules were dispersed among the myo一

行laments. These cell organelles seemed to be related to each other, since the mitochondria

were always associated with SR or caveolae or both, and microtubules were Iocated adjacent

tQ the SR T.he greatest number of SR elements was seen at the periphery Qf cells, where

c】usters of caveolae were formed(Fig.2).

Table 1 DZ5彦プ泥,髭診ガ0π∫(ゾ’ごθ〃07=9’α〃(ゼZ83ルZ 10η9寛Z64∠πα♂αη4(7〃℃配♂α1’

η㍑656♂θ6.8〃5qプ護ん69’〃カzθα1)磐3’o刀zα6ん(corpus)

AIlimal     SR

% distribution*Mitocho.ndrla

no./10μm2

Microtubules  no./μm2

Caveolae n・./μm  (perimeter)

1+

2+

3+

4#

5.#

6#

LQng.(23>

Circ. (25)

Long.(21)

Cir.c. (20)

Long.(11)

Circ.(12)

Long.(19)

Circ.(21)

Long.(12)

Circ.(18)

Long,(26)

Circ. (24>

4.68±0.48

1.98±0.41

3、72=ヒ0.88

1.92+0,32.

49.2十1.39

2.48±0.67

5.21+1.19

2..76±0.62

4.72十1.40

2.08±0.33

4.87±1ユ7

230丘=0.70

9.6

5,3

8.5

4.8

5.6

5.7

10..2

5.3

6.9

3.5

5.6

3..3

4.4+1,3

2ユ±.0.7

5,3±17

!.8+0.7

5.2+1.7

1,7十〇.2

2.2±0.5

1.9+0.7

2,0±0.4

1、8+0.6

1.4+0.3

1.9±0.3

1.7±0.3

2.2十〇.5

1.8±0.2

2.1十〇.3

1.7+0.6

!.5±0.5

Values. are given as means±SD. Long,;longitudinal muscle cell, Circ.;circu1且r muscle cell.

The number of.cells measured is given in parentheses,*percentage of cell cross sectional

area(6xcluding nucleus)occupied by the sarcoplasmic reticulum(SR)1十:丘xed at relaxation;

#:fixed at lengthカz 5露騒

    The distribution of cell organelles in both types of smooth lnuscle ceHs is sunlmarized in

Table 1, The percentage area of SR in a crQss sectioll of longitudinal muscle cells averaged

about 4.7, and was twice that of circular muscle cehs(2.3.%). The count of microtubules

                                        (ch.aracteri.zed by a uniform c三rcle about 250 A量n djameter)perμm2 was also greater in the

longitudina】than in the circular muscle cell. Mitochondria in smooth muscle cells were elon-

gated along the long axis of the cell and were circular in transverse sections. The longitudinal

muscle cell usually contained more mitochondria per unit cross・sectional area than the circular

muscle cell. The densitles of caveolae were almost the sarne in the two types of muscle.

    From the results of Table 1, it was concluded that the】ongitudinal smooth muscle cell

contained greater c.oncentrations of every i ntracellular organelles except myo丘1aments・

  四型♂α耀π孟5

   The most striking difference between the lo.ngitudjnal and.circular muscle cells. was ln

the appearance of thick丘laments. In spite of the application of exactly the same method

Page 7: Ultrastructural Differences Between Longitudinal

49 (4)1980 Ultrastructure of Guinea Pig Stomach Muscle 397

        洗鯉  ぜ     ’  、 てな     ロ               あ

 ・羅1 謬董』勲・・翼勲’鱗 .  妻・㌦

7羅醗  』一X「

蔽議譲、.

    職.鰹鹸職◎・~:1灘藤

・鍵、愚

 壕_懲’1

﨤s

ロも

馳『

  鍵

鐵議

総難・糠   懸灘鍵灘醗麹醸鱗「Fig.3 Transverse sections of parts of smooth muscle cells of guinea pig stomach・メUongi-

   tudinal muscle cell;Bcircular muscle cell. The thick丘laInents(1arge arrows)in B

   are greater in number and size than the thick丘laments三n A Intermediate filaments

   (small arrows)are present frequently at the periphery of the dense bodies. Tmicro-

   tubule. Fixed with glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide ln P工PES bufEer, pH 7.6, and

   block-stained with uranyl acetate(Magn.×80,000),

6

Page 8: Ultrastructural Differences Between Longitudinal

398             MoRIY.A, M, and MIYAzAKI, E,       Sapporo Med, J.

of electron microscopy, thick丘】aments were not demonstrated as clearly in the longitudinal

Inuscle cells as in the circular muscle cells(Fig.2).

    At higher magni丘cation, the thick filaments were certainly distinguishable even in the

longitudinal muscle cells, and set at the center of a round or Qval electron lucent area sur-

rounded by uncertain numbers of thin filaments(Fig.3), However, thin sections cut perpen・

dicular to the myo丘laments showed that most of the thick丘laments in th.e longitudjnal皿uscle

cell were much thinner than those in the circular muscle cell. Furthermore, the density of

distribution of thick丘laments was low in the IQngitudinal compared with the circular muscle

ce11曳Tab】e 2).

                  Table 2 ・Dθη∫癖θ∫げ‘んど。々弄1αη昭π孟5(ゾ∫ηzoo‘んノァzz456♂6

                            68♂♂5加彦ん88’痂侃μg5彦伽α・々(corpus)

Counts pe.r O,5μm2 crossed areaAnima1 Buffer solution

Long. Circ.

1

2

3

Cacodylate, pH 7.4

Cacodylate, pH 6.6十10 mM MgCI2

PIPES, pH 7.6

25.3± 8、4  (12)

28.9±10,8  (12)

24.5± 7.6  (6)

45.8± 3.2  (12>

57.2=ヒ 5.0  (12)

46.4± 7.0  ( 8)

  Thick丘laments were counted in O.5μm2 cytoplasmic areas(excludin.g nucleus and lnitochon-

  dria)on electron micrographs enlarged to×100,000, Values are given as mean.s±SD. Data

  are compared among animals丘xed in different bu.f[er solutions, as well as between longi-

  tudina1(Long,)and circular.(Circ.)muscle cells. Numbers of experiments.are in parentheses.

    The use of a lower pH bufFer.solution(pH 6.6)resulted jn a better.contrast of specimens

compared with those fixed at pH.7.4(Fig.1). Other characteristic features including thick

丘laments, hQwever, seemed to be unchanged by the pH、

    An organic based buffer, PIPES, gave almost the same structural features as cacodylate

buffeL A small advantage of. using the】atter solution was that it seemed to result in a more

regular arrangement of thin丘laments than the former(Fig.3).                                  Inte.rmediate丘laments(100 A丘laments)were usually observed surrounding the periphery

of dense bodies in both types of smooth muscles. However, in some longitudinal muscle

cells, they were greatly increased in number in the i皿er part of the ce11.

    There were a few smooth muscle cells different量h structure from most other circular

muscle cells within the circular muscle hundle. They were characterized by their irregular

shape, high content of cell organelles and by their ambiguous thick丘laments that gave them

features very similar to the longitudinal muscle cells. Those cells were clearly re.stricted to

the 2~3 cell layers at the periphery of the clrcular muscle bund】e apposed to the mucosaI

Iayer. Nexuses cou】d not be found between these c.ells. The aspect of these cells including

the lack of nexuses coincides with the specia正cells reported by Gabella14)in the clrcular layer

of the ileum of the guinea pig and of other animals. These cells are not量11ustrated here.

Page 9: Ultrastructural Differences Between Longitudinal

49 (4) 1980 Ultrastructure of Guinea Pig Sto田ach Muscle 399

Discussion

    The longitudinal and circular muscle cells of the guinea pig stomach proved to be difEerent

from each other in structure as well as in contractile response. Although most. of the struc-

tural difEerences were quantitative ones, the longitudinal muscle cells contained higher con.

centrations of SR, mitochondria and microtubules., and, as a result, contained a relatively

small mass of myo且】aments. All these differences gave the Iongitudina】muscle cell an ap・

pearance different to that of the cjrcular rnuscle celL

    The clrcular muscle showed greater contraction, and quicker relaxation than the longitu-

dinal muscle, when stimulated with K-depolarizing solution, or with single or repetitive electrical

sti血uli(pre.sellt observation;Kuriyamaθ’αZ.1)). A possible explanation for the quicker relaxa・

tion in the circu】ar muscle strip might be related to the c.alcium.sequesterin.g function of SR,

as has been shown in striated muscle1.5). Unexpectedly, we observed that there was more SR

五nth.e longitudinal muscle cells than iH the circular muscle cells. Therefore, the amount of

SR does not seem to be related directly to the control of cytoplasmic calcium concentration

in smooth muscle. Other possible mechanisln to lower the cytoplasmic free calcium con-

centration to cause relaxation are, a)Na-Ca exchange16〕, and b)Ca extrusion at plasma-mem-

brane supported by Ca-activated ATPase17). However, we shall not be able tQ obtain any

information about these mechanislns through.a血orphological study.

    The other structural difEerence which seemed to be i.mportant related to the contractile

filaments. As the myo丘1aments(thick and thin丘lalnents)are regarded as a force-generating

apparatus, differences between these五larnents should be related to differences in patterns of

contraction. We found thick丘lalnent to be more sparsely distributed and less.numerous in the

longitudinal than in the circular muscle celL This fact was further confirmed with experiments

using other buffer solutions for electron microscopy. The use of low.er pH丘xative(pH 6.6),

which has been reported to prevent myosin extraction frQm smooth muscle9・18>slightly increased

the density of thick filaments(Table 2), perhaps by imprQving the contrast of thick丘laments,

but the density in circular musc】e was still twice that of the longitudinal muscle. These ob一

.servations suggest difFerences j n myosin content, or otherwise in myosin aggregation between

the tWO mUSCIe tiSSUeS.

    Nexuses were consistently found in the circular muscle layer, but could not be found in

the longitudinal muscle layer under our experimental conditions. This fact was also reported

in duQdenum19), ileum20>and caecum21).. The present data further con丘rmed the predictioll that

the nexus is. a characteristic structure of circular muscle of the gut. The nexus has been

suppose.d to be a morphological correlate of electrical coupling between smooth muscle cells22).

In this connection, howeve.r, KuriyamaθオαZ.23>reported nearly the same Iength constant in

the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle(!.2 to 1.5)of the guinea pig stomach. Electrical

coupling might therefore occur in the longitudinal muscle in the absence of typical nexuses.

Aspecific function of the nexuses localize.d in the circular layer is not clear,

    .The significance of every st.ructural diHerence described above for their contractile responses

remains亡。 be clari丘ed. The streng重h of contraction Qf士hese two muscle layers(e. g. for

maxilnum developing force, maximum shortening velocity)is now under experiment, in order

to assess the signi丘cance of thick丘laments for the contraction of smooth muscle.

Page 10: Ultrastructural Differences Between Longitudinal

400 MORIYA, M, and MIYAzAKI, E, Sapporo Med. J,

  24‘んη・認649伽襯

    We are grateful to Dr. Y. Furukawa, Physical Section, Institute of Low Temperature

Science, Hokkaido University, for help in the use of their丘lm analyzing system. We are

also indebted to Professor T. Ono6, Department of Pathology of our College, for the use of

aPhoto Pattern Analyzer throughout this expεriment and for his valuable advice on the

manuscript. The authors thank Professor K. Takahashi., Dep.artment of Anatomy, SapporQ

Medical College, for helpful comments on the manuscript.                                              、

Refere鍛ces

1.Kuriyama, H、, Mishhna, K. and Suzuki, H.:

  Some diflerences in co.ntractile responses

  of isolated longitudinal and circular muscle

  from the guinea-pig stomach, J. PhysioL

  251.,317-331 (1975),

2.Watanabe, S,=ActiQns of prostaglandin

  Ealld F types o.n the circular muscle pre-

  parations of the gastrointestinal tract frQm

  t.he guinea-pig, SappQrQ Med. J.41,57-

  70 (.1972>,

3.工shizawa, M., Sakabe, K. and Miyazaki, E:

  Acti◎n of prostaglandin on gastrointestinal

  皿otility沈・u加。. and打て1鈎』o. Proc. Symp.

   Che血ical PhysioL Pathol.13,53-56(1973).

4.Mishima, K. and Kuriyama, H,:E旺ects

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モルモット胃の縦走筋と輪走筋細胞の構造的差違

    森谷 恵  宮崎英策札幌医科大学生理学第2講座 (主任 宮lll奇英策教擾)

要 約

 収縮パターンや,薬物反応に顕著な差を示すモルモッ

ト胃の縦走筋と輪走筋細胞の微細構造を観察し,比較検

討した.胃体部筋層の外部1/3が縦走筋層で,約20個の

筋細胞列で構成されており,その細胞間隙の面積率は約

12.1%であった.下野筋層は筋細胞が密につまってお

り,その細胞間隙は約4.4傷であった.下戸筋層にのみ

Nexus構造が観察された.筋細胞の単位断面積当りに

出現するミトコンドリア,微小管はいずれも縦走筋細胞

により多く,また筋小胞体によってしめられる面積率

も,縦走筋では47箔で,輪走筋の約2倍であった.残

りの細胞質は収縮性ブイラメントによってしめられてお

り,thick, thin丘1amentが観察された.しかし縦走筋

細胞ではthick丘lamentが輪走筋のものにくらべより

細く,分布密度も,輪二筋では0.5μm2当り50本に対

し,縦走筋では約25本であった,この事実は,この両

筋細胞では,収縮装置の形態にも差があることを示唆し

ている.