Sustainability & Historic Buildings & Cool n Photocatalytic Materials

Cool and Photocatalytic Materials

Perdikis Prokopis Αbolin Co

HISTORIC BUILDINGS SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION – INTELLIGENT MATERIALS

COST 540, Application of photocatalytic technologies for cultural heritages protection, NCSR Abolin Co Greece

Demokritos, Athens, Greece, Mr Prokopis Perdikis

29- 30 October 2009. www.abolinco.com

Historical Buildings and Cultural Heritage

Monuments:

Background Identification

Sustainability Trends and Approaches

Related Problems ( Urban Heat Island, Air Quality,

Energy Use)

Why and Where Cool and Photocatalytic Materials

COST 540, Application of photoca talytic technologies for cultural heritages protection, NCSR Abolin Co Greece



“I challenge you to put technology (the work of man)

and deserts (the work of God) to the service of

mankind and nature.”

Prince El Hassan bin Talal of Jordan




The Biggest Problem?

Urban buildings use more

energy, water and materials than

any other consumer

They also produce more waste

than any other source

- The world needs a new vision

of urban building and a new

architecture of sustainable




Historic buildings are inherently sustainable:

Historic buildings were

traditionally designed with

many sustainable features

that responded to climate

and site.

ANCIENT THEATRE IN EPIDAUROS




When effectively restored

and reused, these features

can bring about substantial

energy savings. Taking into

account historic buildings'

original climatic

adaptations, today's

sustainable technology can

supplement inherent

sustainable features

without compromising

unique historic character.

GALERIUS GATE (KAMARA Thessaloniki)




There are Standards for four

distinct, but interrelated,

approaches to the treatment of

historic properties--preservation,

rehabilitation, restoration, and

reconstruction:

• preservation,

• rehabilitation,

• restoration and

• reconstruction.

LEED-EB® SYSTEM

www.usgbc.org

36 CFR Part 67 US Std.




Modern Approaches?

http://www.usgbc.org/Store/CompanyRegistration.aspx?CMSPageID=1530

Preservation focuses on the maintenance and repair of existing historic

materials and retention of a property's form as it has evolved over time.

(Protection and Stabilization have now been consolidated under this

treatment).

Rehabilitation acknowledges the need to alter or add to a historic property

to meet continuing or changing uses while retaining the property's historic

character.

Restoration depicts a property at a particular period of time in its history,

while removing evidence of other periods.

Reconstruction re-creates vanished or non-surviving portions of a

property for interpretive purposes.




The following issues require special attention:

1) Sustainable Sites - Heat Island Reduction

2) Water Efficiency - Water Use Reduction

3) Energy and Atmosphere – Energy Use Reduction

4) Materials and Resources

- Use of natural materials from the near site, use of existed damaged

materials from the building,

- Environmental and Sustainable criteria for new materials

5) Indoor Environmental Quality

- Ventilation, Outdoor Air Quality, Sick Building Syndrome

- Lighting and Daylighting




URBAN HEAT ISLAND

Increase of energy and cost consumption for

cooling

Thermal discomfort

Increase of Smog

PROBLEMS RELATED WITH URBAN HEAT ISLAND




COOL Barrier

High solar

reflectance

High infrared

emittance

Lower surface temperature

Radiate faster the

absorbed heat

Lower solar radiation

absorption

Lower thermal incomes

into buildings Lower ambient air temperature

KNOW-HOW




Consequences in city level

Reduction of ambient air temperature 1-2 ͦ C on average

Mitigation of urban heat island phenomenon

25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

(x 0.67 km)

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

(x 0

.67

km)

ÄÔ (o

C)

-3

.0 t

o -1

.5

-1

.5 t

o 0

.0

0.

0 to

0.5

0.

5 to

1.0

1.

0 to

1.5

1.

5 to

2.0

2.

0 to

2.5

2.

5 to

3.0




Reduction of Cooling Load up to 40%

Mitigation of urban heat island phenomenon

Consequences in Building level

43 ͦ C 25 ͦ C




Cool Barrier Roof

Prefecture of Athens:

• Indoor air quality (IAQ) is a term referring to the air quality within and around buildings

and structures, especially as it relates to the health and comfort of building occupants.

• For more than 16 years now the European Collaborative Action ECA "Indoor Air

Quality & it's Impact on Man" has been implementing a multidisciplinary collaboration of

European scientists the ultimate goal of which was the provision of healthy and

environmentally sustainable buildings

• To accomplish this task ECA has dealt with all aspects of the indoor environment

including thermal comfort, pollution sources, the quality and quantity of chemical and

biological indoor pollutants, energy use, and the ventilation processes, which may all

interact with indoor air quality. http://www.jrc.cec.eu.int/

• Ordinary pollutants are referred as the follows : CO, CO2, SO2, NOx, O3, Benzene,

Bacteria, Fungi, formaldehyde, Volatile Organic Compounds, Radon and more…

Urban Air, Indoor Environment and Human

Exposure:European Collaborative Action




The problem…

Humidity

Nu

trients

Humidity

Sunlight

Tem

per

atu

re

Fungal

growth Algae growth







http://images.google.gr/imgres?imgurl=http://www.konrad-fischer-info.de/7SCH04.JPG&imgrefurl=http://www.konrad-fischer-info.de/english.htm&usg=__HPdhdv8N_Tbwcpac_9Pwk98DG8U=&h=403&w=193&sz=9&hl=el&start=19&um=1&tbnid=5bK8RQ9PUL8HBM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=59&prev=/images%3Fq%3DFUNGAL%2BON%2BHISTORIC%2BBUILDINGS%26hl%3Del%26rlz%3D1T4GGLL_elGR319GR319%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1

Pollution

The problem…… T

emp

eratu

re

Pollution




Urban pollution changes the aesthetic value of the building,

decreases the durability of the materials, influences the

intensity of the whole construction




Photo-Catalysis is defined as "acceleration by the presence of as

catalyst ( i.e. TiO2)". A catalyst does not change in itself or being consumed in the chemical reaction. This definition includes

photosensitization, a process by which a photochemical alteration occurs in one molecular entity as a result of initial

absorption of radiation by another molecular entity called the photosensitized.

Photocatalysis

Photocatalytic-Active Cool




1mW/cm2 (outdoor)

⇒ 1015 photon/sec

UV light intensities

Photon

λ＜ 380nm

Know- How

Decomposition

Abolin Active Cool-Photocatalytic Coating

W

A

L

L




KNOW-HOW




RESULT TEST EYGENIDEIO HOSPITAL GREECE 2008

- 40%

(VOC)

B

A

C

T

E

R

I

A

PM 2,5

- 25%

Application of Active Cool - Interior




Rome--a city rich in historical projects its vision

of a sustainable built environment using

ancient materials: concrete, glass…

Jubilee Church - Rome

Breakthroughs:

-Self-cleaning photocatalytic mortar

exterior

-Architect: Richard Meier




Cool and Photocatalytic Materials




Historical Buildings and Cultural Heritage Monuments:

Why and Where Cool and Photocatalytic Materials

Historical buildings in the majority of the times cannot be subject of

(re) painting works, due to archeological issues.

The use of Cool and Photocatalytic materials even on a microclimatic

scale ( surrounding urban area and buildings if any) can positively

contribute to the Improvement of the microclimate conditions and

therefore to eliminates harsh environmental factors and phenomena:

Urban Heat Island consequences reduction

( less heat stress in microclimate, Energy Savings, Smog mitigation)

Harmful Pollutants Decomposition

( Nox, Ozon, SO2, Bacteria)

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

PERDIKIS PROKOPIS ΑBOLIN Co [email protected]

www.abolinco.com

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.abolinco.com/

Sustainability & Historic Buildings & Cool n Photocatalytic Materials

Technology

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