Physics 12 Formulas

Kinematics/Dynamics

Average Velocity

t

dvav

∆

∆=

Centripetal Force

2

24

T

rmFc

π=

Linear Displacement t

vvd

if∆

+

=∆2

Newton’s Law of

Universal Gravitation 2r

GMmFg =

Linear Acceleration

t

vva

if

∆

−=

Gravitational Field

Intensity 2r

GMg =

Linear Displacement 2

21 tatvd i ∆+∆=∆ Orbital Speed

r

GMv =

Final Velocity davv if ∆+= 222

Escape Velocity

r

GMv

2=

Uniform Circular Motion

T

rv

π2=

Kepler’s Constant

2

3

T

rK =

Centripetal Acceleration

r

vac

2

= Period of a Pendulum

g

lT π2=

Newton’s 2nd

Law maFnet = Hooke’s Law (Elastic

Force) kxFe −=

Friction Nf FF µ= Period of a Spring and

Mass System k

mT π2=

Gravitational Force mgFg = Torque Fr⊥=τ

Centripetal Force

r

mvFc

2

=

Electricity and Magnetism

Coulomb’s Law 2

21

r

qkqFQ =

Magnetic Field Intensity ILBFB ⊥= or

θsinBILFB =

Electric Field Intensity 2

1

r

kqE =

Magnetic Field Intensity ⊥= qvBFB or

θsinqvBFB =

Electric Field Intensity

+

=q

FE

Q

Potential Difference

q

EV

Q∆=

Potential Difference in a

Uniform Electric Field

EdV =

Ohm’s Law V = IR Power P=IV , P=I2R

Equivalent Resistance,

series circuits

RT = R1 + R2 + R3 … Equivalent Resistance,

parallel circuits ..

1111

321 RRRRT

++=

Momentum, Energy and Power

Momentum mvp = Kinetic Energy 2

21 mvEk =

Impulse-Momentum

Theorem

vmtF ∆=∆ Gravitational Potential

Energy mghEg =

Work θcosdFW ∆= Elastic Potential Energy 2

21 kxEe =

Lost Energy (WNC) Elost = WNC = Ef - Ei

Modern Physics

Energy of a Photon hfE photon = Speed of Light

(Universal Wave

Equation)

λfc =

Work Function oo hfW = Photon Momentum

λ

hp =

Kinetic Energy of a

Photoelectron oK WhfE −= DeBroglie Wavelength

mv

h=λ

Energy of a Hydrogen

Atom Orbital 2

6.13

n

eVEn

−=

Time Dilation

2

2

1c

v

tt o

−

∆=∆

Energy of an Ejected

Photon ifphoton EEE −= Length Contraction

2

2

1c

vLL o −=

Mass – Energy

Equivalence

2mcE =

Mathematics

a

acbbx

2

42 −±−=

Cabbac cos2222 −+=

C

c

B

b

A

a

sinsinsin==

Data

Acceleration due to gravity at Earth’s surface g = 9.81 m/s2

Universal gravitation constant G = 6.67 * 10-11

Nm2/kg

2

Coulomb’s constant k = 8.99 * 109 Nm

2/C

2

Magnitude of the charge of an electron 1.60 * 10-19

C

Electron volt eV = 1.60 * 10-19

J

Planck’s Constant h = 6.626 * 10-34

J/Hz

Radius of Earth 6.38 * 106m

Radius of Earth’s orbit 1.4957 * 1011

m

Mass of Earth 5.98 * 1024

kg

Mass of Sun 1.99 * 1030

kg

Speed of light in a vacuum c = 2.998 * 108 m/s

Atomic mass unit (amu) 1.6605 * 10-27

kg

Rest mass of an electron 9.109 * 10-31

kg

Rest mass of a neutron 1.008665u = 1.6749 * 10-27

kg

Rest mass of a proton 1.007276u = 1.6726 * 10-27

kg