Phase Displacement

Space DriveInterstellar Propulsion

by Moacir L. Ferreira Jr.May 03, 2011

• In expelling-mass propulsion, most of the energy goes away with propellants. Δv=ve×ln(mi/mf)

• There is a possibility of creating propulsion without expelling mass that doesn’t infringe Newton's third law (action-reaction)

• Even though electromagnetic waves have no mass, they still carry momentum. Probably, due to interaction with space, which is permeated by electric/magnetic fields.

• Having two emitters A B, phased 0° 90°, and quarter-wave spaced (nλ+¼λ)

• Starting from A, wave will reach B in-phase 0° (repulsion)

• Starting from B, wave will reach A in-contra-phase 180° (attraction)

• Waves' momentum pulls A, pushes B, creating thrust force, A towards B.

• Action-reaction is expected between space and waves, and between waves and emitters. Angular momentum probably is not conserved due to asymmetry (¼λ), converting into net thrust force.

• Directional antennas, facing each other, can be

used to concentrate radiation. In this case, higher RF voltage is needed due to higher impedance between antennas.

• Even with heavy EM losses, it is expected to be comparatively more energy-efficient than expelling-mass propulsion.

To think:(0° 90°)(nλ+¼λ) → (attraction) (repulsion )(0° 90°)(nλ+¾λ) → (repulsion ) (attraction)(0° 0°)(nλ ) → (repulsion ) (repulsion )(0° 0°)(nλ+½λ) → (attraction) (attraction) …(0° 60°)(½λ+ λ)⅙ → (repulsion ) (attraction)

• Alternatively, having an array of dipoles, spaced-apart (½λ+ ⅙λ), and feed by six phases, running as a multiphasic linear AC motor.

• Comparatively, it will consume more energy than the two directional antennas. However, it can perform more interaction with cosmic dusts and gases.

Fusion Energy Source

• Fusion fuels: He-3, Li-6/7, deuterium, and B-11; available on moons, planets and asteroids.

• Multi-megavolt electrostatic generator (low

charge/mass ratio). Neutralization at outputs (low power consumption).

• Fusion energy conversion directly into electricity by multistage ion collectors; and subsequently recycling byproducts.

Fusion Energy Source

Conclusion:

• All that is to reduce drastically dependence on propellants and also on rare fuels (uranium, plutonium, tritium, antimatter), making the interstellar travels technically feasible and economically affordable.

Thank You

www.crossfirefusion.com/thruster