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Parts of SpeechNoun:

A noun is a word used to name a person, place or thing.

Eg: 1) Ashoka was a great king.

2) Hyderabad is a beautiful city.

3) Plants need water and sunlight for their growth.

Ashoka and king are names of persons.

Hyderabad and city are names of places.

Plants, water and sunlight are the names of things.

The term 'thing' is very wide in meaning and include all nouns which do not refer

to persons or places. It would be apt to say that the term 'thing' includes everything

except a person or place. It also includes things which have no shape or dimension and

which we can not see or touch. See the following nouns which denote things.

Eg: book, water, blood, newspaper, house, happiness, beauty, wisdom, truth, poverty,

science, art, economics, etc..

Adjective:

An adjective is a word which goes with or modifies or qualifies a noun and some-

times a pronoun.

Eg: 1) Ashoka was a great king.

(The adjective great describes the noun king).

2) She is beautiful. (The adjective beautiful describes the pronoun she).

3) He is weak. (Here the adjective weak shows the quality of 'he'/ pronoun).

Pronoun:

A pronoun is a word used instead of a noun. 'Pronoun' means 'for a noun'.

Eg: I told Ravi that the book which he gave me was interesting.

Here 'I' is used for the speaker, 'me' is also used for the speaker; 'which' is used

for book and 'he' is used for Ravi. So I, which, he and me are pronouns.

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Verb:

"Verb is the 'heart' of a sentence". It is a word used to describe an action, a state

or an occurrence.

Eg: 1) Birds fly. (action)

2) He is happy. (state)

3) The meeting held on last week. (Occurrence)

Adverb:

It is a word used to add something to the meaning of a verb or an adjective or

another adverb.

Eg: 1) He runs fast.

('fast' describes the verb runs)

2) She is very beautiful. ('Very' describes the adjective beautiful).

3) Shatabdi express runs very fast. ('Very describes the adverb 'fast').

Preposition:

It is a small word usually preceding a noun or pronoun to tell its relation to anoth-

er word in the sentence.

Eg: 1) She is in the library.

2) I am fond of music.

3) The cat sat under the table.

In sentence (1), the preposition 'in' shows the relation between the noun

'library' and the pronoun 'she'.

In sentence (2), the preposition 'of' shows the relation between the noun

'music' and the adjective 'fond'.

In sentence (3), the preposition 'under' shows the relation between the noun

‘table’ and the verb 'sat'.

Conjunction:

It is a word which joins words, clauses or sentences.

Eg: 1) Yasin and Moin are brothers.

(Here 'and' joins words Yasin and Moin)

2) She must weep or she will die.

(Here 'or' joins the two statements/ clauses).

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Interjection:

An interjection is a word which expresses some sudden remark of a feeling.

Eg: 1) Hurrah! We have won.

2) Alas! He is no more.

Same word used as different parts of speechAbove:

The plane flew above the clouds.

(preposition)

Read the above sentence again. (adjective)

Seen from above the cars looked tiny. (adverb)

Any:

I've got hardly any money. (determiner)

She hardly spent any of the money. (pronoun)

I don't want any more. (adverb)

As:

She works as a teacher. (preposition)

He ran as fast as he could. (adverb)

He could not buy a house as he was poor. (conjunction)

But:

None but the rich enjoy this privilege. (preposition)

He tried hard but failed. (conjunction)

I don't like any ifs and buts. (noun)

Calm:

The city is calm again. (adjective)

The police appealed for calm. (noun)

The doctor calmly replied to his question. (adverb)

Take a deep breath. It will calm your nerves. (verb)

Down:

The down train is late. (adjective)

The plane came down. (adverb)

We downed our coffees and left. (verb)

The wolf ran down the hill. (preposition)

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Fine:

He was fined for the violation of traffic rules. (verb)

He paid a heavy fine. (noun)

The weather is fine. (adjective)

The cricket match was finely balanced throughout. (adverb)

Ill:

She seems ill. (adjective)

Don't talk ill of others. (adverb)

The system is plagued with many ills. (noun)

I have no ill will against him. (adjective)

Long:

The table is six feet long. (adjective)

The party went on long into the night. (adverb)

I'm longing to see you again. (verb)

Near:

His house is very near. (adjective)

The exams are drawing near. (adverb)

The project is nearing completion. (verb)

Since:

I haven't eaten since breakfast. (preposition)

It's twenty years since I've seen her. (conjunction)

She has not been seen since. (adverb)

Top:

Write your name at the top. (noun)

He bowled at top speed. (adjective)

He tops the list. (verb)

Up:

The prices are going up. (adverb)

He went up the stairs. (preposition)

The up train is not late. (adjective)

There are many ups and downs in her life. (noun)

He upped and left without telling anymore.(verb)

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Well:

Well! I can help you. (interjection)

The conference was very well organised. (adverb)

He threw a stone into the well. (noun)

Tears welled up in her eyes. (verb)

I don't feel very well. (adjective)

Yet:

I haven't received a letter from him yet. (adverb)

Model Questions

Identify the part of speech of the underlined word in the followingsentences.

1. She pronounced the word quite correctly.

1) Verb 2) Adjective 3) Adverb 4) Noun

2. The game went on.

1) Verb 2) Adverb 3) Preposition 4) Conjunction

3. Give me a soft drink.

1) Preposition 2) Noun 3) Pronoun 4) Adjective

4. He is poor, still he is happy.

1) Conjunction 2) Preposition 3) Adverb 4) Adjective

5. Do you know the English language?

1) Noun 2) Adverb 3) Adjective 4) Preposition

6. Look! there is a fly in the soup.

1) Verb 2) Adverb 3) Interjection 4) Adjective

7. She seems ill.

1) Noun 2) Adverb 3) Adjective 4) Conjunction

8. Please light the candle.

1) Noun 2) Verb 3) Adjective 4) Conjunction

9. Still waters run deep.

1) Adjective 2) Noun 3) Adverb 4) Preposition

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10. Look above.

1) Verb 2) Adjective 3) Adverb 4) Preposition

11. Somebody must be coming for our rescue.

1) Noun 2) Pronoun 3) Adjective 4) Conjunction

12. Don't talk ill of others.

1) Adverb 2) Noun 3) Preposition 4) Adjective

13. He ran across the road.

1) Preposition 2) Conjunction 3) Pronoun 4) Adverb

Identify the part of speech of the underlined words.

14. a) He is poor.

b) The poor are to be provided food and shelter.

1) Adverb - Pronoun 2) Adjective - Noun

3) Adjective - Adverb 4) Adjective - Conjunction

15. a) Since it’s hot, let's stay inside.

b) Since last week I have not seen her.

1) Conjunction - Adverb 2) Conjunction - Conjunction

3) Conjunction - Preposition 4) Preposition - Conjunction

16. a) This is a monthly magazine.

b) The magazine is published monthly.

1) Adverb - Adverb 2) Adjective - Adjective

3) Adjective - Conjunction 4) Adjective - Adverb

17. a) Let us go up the hill.

b) Prices are up.

1) Preposition - Adverb 2) Adverb - Adverb

3) Noun - Adverb 4) Preposition - Adjective Answers

ANSWERS

1-3; 2-2; 3-4; 4-1; 5-3; 6-3; 7-3; 8-2; 9-1; 10-3; 11-2; 12-1; 13-1; 14-2; 15-3; 16-4;

17-1.

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