mm-Wave Massive-MIMO Antennas:

Which Use Cases ?

André DOLL November 8th, 2019

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Benefits of massive-MIMO in mm-Wave

Higher gain allows longer distance in spite of higher propagation loss than below 6GHz.

Small size λ/2 = 5.4mm (@28GHz)

Beam-Steering for communication optimization

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Services expected to use mm-Wave bands

eMBB (enhanced Mobile

BroadBand): FWA, HD video

communication, VR/AR, IAB

URLLC (Ultra Reliable Low-Latency

Communication): Automotive

applications, trains and buses, medical

applications

mMTC (massive Machine Type

Communication): Smart cities,

Industrial automation 5G

mMTC URLLC

eMBB

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Implementation Timing

2015 2020 2025

mMTC URLLC eMBB

The technology is/will be available to meet those deadlines.

A maximum of 10% of the 5G cell sites would support mm-Waves in 2025. (1)

The primary inhibitor might be the reluctance of the public to EMF exposure.

(1) « Study on using millimetre waves bands for the deployment of the 5G ecosystem in the Union » European Commission, July 2019

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eMBB: FWA

Target: Provide high data rates to fixed locations

Frequency bands: 26/28GHz

Range: up to 600m

Average data rate: 15Mbps per household (Source: Ericsson)

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eMBB: other Use Cases

High data rate and media delivery

Driving Factors: expanded use of HD TV, 4K and 8K TV, audio and video

streaming services

Challenge: connection density up to 4 000 users/km².

Outdoor and Indoor urban hotspots

Driving Factors: AR/VR and media applications

Frequency bands: ~30GHz (for outdoor and indoor)

~70GHz (only indoor)

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URLLC: Automotive

The needs of the automotive industry are numerous and challenging:

Autonomous cars (need for security, platooning, collision avoidance with other

cars or other Vehicule Road Users (VRUs), …)

Software update downloads

WiFi hotspot backhaul

Infotainment

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Platooning Collision

avoidance

URLLC: Autonomous cars

Competition between the ITS-G5 and the C-V2X

ITS-G5 (ITS stands for Intelligent Transport Systems) (VW, Renault, Toyota) will use

the unlicensed ITS band of 5.9GHz

C-V2X (stands for Cellular-Vehicule to Everything) (all the other car manufacturers

and Toyota). Some applications will use mm-Wave bands.

Autonomous cars must perform all driving operations without any human

intervention:

Surroundings detection

Connectivity and Communication

Nota: « X » of V2X can be « V » for « Vehicles », « P » for « Pedestrians », « I » for « road

Infrastructure », or « N » for « Internet »

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URLLC: Autonomous cars

The 5G Automative Association (5GAA) supports the C-V2X (1)

Market size – Connected cars and Autonomous cars (level 5) (million units) –

The volume of data travelling between cars and the Cloud will reach 10

exabytes/month in 2025, approximately 10.000 times more than today (source: IHS

Markit)

(1) 5GAA White Paper – « C-V2X Use Cases Methodology, Examples and Service Level Requirements », June 2019 9

URLLC: Other applications

Other transportation

Objective: Provide broadband access in public transport systems

mm-Wave bands could be used for high-date rate links (High-resolution video / or mobile

TV)

Medical applications/healthcare

Very low latency will enable the use of haptic feedback (based on the sense of touch),

for instance for tele-surgery.

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Manufacturing/Industrial Automation

5G Americas has released a white paper listing the following use cases (1):

Motion Control,

Industrial Ethernet,

Control-to-control communication,

Process automation

Electric power generation and distribution

The applications that will require mm-Wave bands are related to remote

operation

(1) « New services and applications with 5G Ultra Reliable Low-Latency Communications » November 2018 11

Smart Cities

Possible mm-Wave Smart Cities 5G use cases:

Backhaul/mesh for WiFi access points (indoor and outdoor)

Digital signage

Video-surveillance

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Other 5G services in the mmWave bands

Drone control (temporary mobile cells, railway lines, power lines, border

control, …) but prohibited in the 26GHz band. (1)

Public Safety,

mm-Wave could be used mainly for public protection and disaster relief

(PPDR) services.

Satellite – No significant development expected before 2025

(1) CEPT report 68 on technical conditions for 5G use of the 26GHz Band

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X-hauling

Backhauling and Fronthauling The backhauling needs will rise as data traffic rises, but traditional backhaul frequencies

are transferred to Access in 5G. Higher bands will be used: W (92-114.25GHz) and D

(130-174.8GHz)

Integrated Access-Backhaul (IAB)

Massive-MIMO antennas are a must

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Potential 5G services using mm-Wave bands

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Sector/Application 5G Use Case Use of mm-

Wave bands

2020/2025

Use of mm-

Wave bands

2025/2030

eMBB-Mobile Mm-Wave in hot spots (indoor and

outdoor small cells)

++ +++

eMBB-FWA High-Definition Video ++ to +++ +++

Automotive V2V, V2X + ++

Trains and buses Access and Backhauling + ++

Medical applications Remote healthcare - to + ++

Manufacturing /

Industrial automation Robotics, localized real-time

control, security, automation

+ ++

Energy Smart metering, smart grid - -

Smart Cities Digital signage, video-surveillance + ++

Public Safety Real-time video, HD pictures - +

Satellite Use for hybrid solutions - +

X-hauling IAB +++ +++

Source: IDATE

WRC19 – Decisions to be made on new spectrum

under study for IMT under study for HAPS under study for NGSO FSS

Source: ITU 16

THANK YOU

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