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Q. 1 RMO 1997
Let
[BPF] = u
[BPC] = v
[CPE] = w join AP.
Let
[AFP] = x and [AEP] = y
using the triangles AFC and BFC, we get
vx – uy = uw
Again similarly using [AEB] and [CEB], we get
wx – vy = uw
Solving there equation, we get
So x + y =
Here u = 4
v = 8
B C
E
A
F WP
vu
w = 1 [AFPE] = 143
So/n Required
2
3
4
6
Q. 2 3k, K E No
O < k <
(1, 3, 9, 27, 81)
dn 20 + n2
dn 20 + (n + 1)2
Also
dn 20 + (n + 1)2 – (20 + n2)
dn 2n + 1
Also dn 4 (20 + n2) = (2n + 1) (2n - 1) + 81
dn (2n + 1) (2n - 1) so it must divide 81
By subtraction we obtain, dn 2n + 1, so 2n = -1 mod dn or
rather 4n2 = 1 mod dn or n2 = 20 mod dn, using Chinese theorem for the
residuum, using Chinese theorem for the residuum, we can say n2 = ¼ =
- 20 mod dn so dn 81 (dn = 1 mod2)
Q. 3 Clearly [x] ≠ 0 so this means these is no solutions in the interval (0,
1),
Let x = [x] + r, for some positive real number
real number
r E [0, ½ ). We have 2 cases
case 1 : r E [0, ½ ) . Then 2r E [0, 1)
and since
2x = 2 [x] + 2r
[2x] = 2[x], so,
-
since r E [0, ½ ), we find that
For [x] = 2, , and x = [x] + ,
For [x] = 3, , and ,
For [x] = 4, , and x = ,
Case 2 : r E [1/2, 1], Then
2r E [1,2)
2r – 1 E [0, 1)
and
2x = 2 [x] + 2r
= (2 [x] + 1) + (2r - 1)
[2x] = 2 [x] + 1
So
r =
since r E
we find that
then [x] < 2 since
[x] can nA be negative as well.
So [x] = 1. But, from the then end of the inequality, we have
so that [x] < 1
we member [x] ≠ 0.
Hence, there are no solutions
when r E
There fore the real solution to the original equation are
x =
Q. 4 RMO 1997
As diagonal are ┴ to each other
O
BA
AB2 + CD2 = AD2 + BC2 ………….(1)
Because AB is parallel to CD
Then CD > AB otherwise it will be square from properties A
squares or vice versa i.e. A3 > CD or it will be a square
So Δ AOB & DOC are similar
So AB2 = K2CD2
from (1) (AB + CD)2 2 ABCD
= (AD + BC)2 2 AD.BC
2 AB.CD – 2 AD BC = (AD+BC)2 – (AB+CD)2
AB.CD – ADBC = ½ (AD + BC + AB + CD)
(AD + BC – AB / CD)
In In
DB > AD + AB BC < CD + DB
AD < AB + DB (BC – CD < DB)
(AD - AB) < DB
So
AB . CD – ADBC > 0
CD
As If AD = BC
Then it because an sohmbur or square for any AD>BC ire qualify
holds
Hence AB.CD > AD. BC
for sector part
If AB.CD > AD BC
Then As per property
(AD2 + BC)2 = (AB + CD)2
AD2 + BC2 = AB2 + CD2
(AD + BC) 2 – (AB + CD)2
= 2AB . BC – 2 AB CD
= 2 (AD. BC – AB CD)
= A + xe quantity
= >
so
(AD + BC + AB + CD) {(AB + BC – (AB + CD))}
> 0
So
AB + BC > AB + CD
Q. 5
(a) let a = AP
b = BP
c = CP
d = DP
Let AB < CD
Since
AB║CD, Δ ABP ~ Δ CDCP
So
Where k E (o, 1]
Thus a = kc
b = kd
(1- k2)2 > 0
C2 (1 – k2) d2 (1 – k2) > 0
(c2 – a2) (d2 – b2) > 0
a2 b2 + c2 d2 + (a2 b2+b2a2) > a2 d2 + b2 c2 + (a2 c2 + b2 d2)
(a2 + d2) (b2 + c2) > (a2 +b2) (c2 + b2)
AD2 . BC > AB2 . CD2
(b) From part (a) we have
AD . BC > AB. CD
2AD . BC > 2 AB. CD
(a2+b2+c2+d2) + 2 AD. BC > 2 AB. CD + a2 + b2 + c2 + d2
(a2 + d2) + 2 AD . BC + (b2 + c2) > (a2 +b2) + 2 AB. CD + (c2+d2)
AD + 2 AD. BC + BC2 > AB2 + 2 AB . CD + CD2
(AD + BC)2 > (AB + CD) 2
AD + BC > AB + CD
Q. 5 RMO 1997
For triangle
equality holds if
x = y = z
But three district number real and positive
x > z
y > x Which is not possible
z > y Hence triangle in non possible.
Q. 6 From combinations
The number of ordered parts such as AUB = X is 3n =
(choose k elements from A,
elements for B – A are
composed and we can take
any subset A to complete B)
Now we eliminate case A = B (only we case)
And we divide by 2 to have ordered pair.