Index

0–960 GHz antennas, 16460 GHz broadband links, 2760 GHz-UWB real-time channel sounder, 33802.11p, 601, 602

Aα-Stable interference, 357, 394Absorption, 173Accuracy of beam pattern, 52Adaptive modulation, 389AF, 348–350, 366AGC, 51Aircraft cabin, 36Alamouti, 368Ambiguity function, 42Amplify-and-forward, 342Antenna, 263, 266

Multi mode, 266Antenna deembedding, 624Antenna Pattern, 91Antenna selection, 173, 177, 178AOA, 287AZFML, 321

BBack-2-back system calibration, 51Bandwidth, 149, 173Bayesian estimation, 45Beam pattern, 52Beamforming, 268Beampattern, 50BFC, 353Block erasure channels, 365Block Fading Channel (BFC), 353Body surface node, 610

BS Power Constraint, 347

CCAC, 549CAC algorithm, 445Capacity maximisation, 415Capacity under interference, 107Capital Expenditures (CAPEX), 443Cell Outage Management (COM), 451Channel, 270

Capacity, 286Channel eigenmodes, 155, 156Channel estimation, 390Channel interferences, 528Channel Modeling, 278

Deterministic, 281Deterministic-stochastic, 282Hybrid deterministic, 282Hybrid Ray Tracing/FDTD, 282Ray Tracing, 282Statistical, 279

Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), 211Channel sounding, 23Cluster, 53Clustering, 46Cognitive radio, 186Common clusters, 125Common scatterers, 110Compactness, 151Compress-and-forward, 342Condition numbers, 106Connection Admission Control, 549Context Awareness, 670Cooperative Diversity, 341, 342, 356COOPERS, 601Coordinated Multi Point (CoMP), 418Correlation, 151, 152, 158, 160

R. Verdone, A. Zanella (eds.), Pervasive Mobile and Ambient Wireless Communications,Signals and Communication Technology,DOI 10.1007/978-1-4471-2315-6, © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2012

673

674 Index

COST 2100 channel model, 125COST 2100 channel model implementation,

135COST 2100 channel model parameters, 128CPR, 98Cross Polarization Ratio, 86CVIS, 601, 602CWNetPlan, 410

DDecode and Forward (DF), 342, 343, 348, 366Dense multipath component, 42Deterministic Channel Models, 78DF, 348, 349, 356, 357DFMM, 185Dielectric loading, 173Dielectric properties, 163Dielectric resonator antenna, 150, 179Differential feeding, 263Diffuse multipaths, 123Diffuse scattering, 42, 85Digital signal processing (DSP), 556Direct sequence spread spectrum, 23Distributed systems, 6Diversity, 152, 197, 224, 560Diversity combining, 345Diversity gain, 177DMC, 42Drop-based simulations, 104DSP, 556Dual-link model, 112DVB-H, 547, 549–552, 555, 557, 558, 560,

561, 563, 565–568, 667DVB-H/HSDPA, 553DVB-T, 549, 550, 554, 558, 561, 569, 570DVB-T/H, 561DVB-T2, 569–572

EE-band links, 39ECC, 249Effective gain, 186Effective Roughness approach, 85Efficiency, 149, 173EKF, 45Electromagnetic Models, 80Energy efficiency, 529Environment database, 85Error Vector Magnitude (EVM), 212ESPAR, 177ESPRIT, 43Exposure to electromagnetic fields, 408Extended Kalman Filter, 45

FF-DAS (Fiber-Distributed Antenna System),

418Fading emulator, 204, 215, 223FCC, 23, 249Femtocell, 411FF, 254Field trials, 422Finite scattering channel model, 313Finite-difference methods, 80FleetNet, 601Frame synchronization, 392FWHM, 262

GGiga-bit/s, 27Graph partitioning problem, 434

HHand grip, 163Hand grip position, 157, 163Handset MIMO, 198, 199Handsets, 187Hard handover, 557Hearing Aid Compatibility (HAC), 199High resolution parameter estimation, 50High-Definition TV, 27HO parameter optimisation, 446Home eNodeBs, 448Hospital environments, 37HSDPA, 548, 549, 568

IICIC, 487IEEE 802.11p, 20, 22IEEE 802.15.4a, 23IFDMA, 388Imaging, 289Impedance mismatch, 173Implant antenna, 614Implant node, 610Impulse Radio Ultra-WideBand (IR-UWB),

356In-body channel model, 616In-body node, 610Infotainment, 38Inter-cell correlations, 110Interference, 393Interference coordination, 448InterSafe, 601Intersymbol interference, 386IQHA, 150ISM band, 614ISO CALM, 602Isolation, 173–176, 180–182

Index 675

KKeller’s cone, 90Kirchhoff’s scattering theory, 29Kronecker model, 42

LLA re-planning, 435Large-scale networks, 531Large-scale parameters, 109, 110Light-Of-Sight (NLOS), 560Linear precoders for MU MIMO, 314Link adaptation (LA), 650Load balancing, 447Local cluster, 120Localization, 287, 531Lognormal, 187LTE, 198, 224, 231, 235, 243, 368, 407, 413,

444, 486, 549, 664, 665

MMAC, 23MAC layer, BAN, 644MAC multi-user MIMO capacity, 313MAS, 255Matching network, 153, 154, 168Matrix collinearity, 106Maximum length binary sequence, 24MBMS, 547–549, 567MBMS-HSDPA, 548, 549Mean gain, 262, 265Measurement system, 50Measurement-based planning, 430, 432MEG, 159, 160, 200, 201, 206Mesh networks, 426MICS band, 614Millimeter-waves, 27MIMO, 149, 164, 173, 188MIMO BC, 314MIMO capacity, 159Mobility modelling, 433Modelling user influence, 163MOMENTUM, 416MORANS, 416MPC, 39MU diversity, 317Multicasting/Broadcasting MBMS, 548Multihop, 396Multipath component distance, 46Multiple access, 393Multiple antenna systems, 149–151, 158Multiple antenna terminals, 150Multiple BS MIMO, 318

Multiple virtual-user MIMO, 319Mutual coupling, 151–153, 159, 164, 173, 176,

182, 183

NNetwork coding, 342Network Lifetime, 355Network Management System, 431Network on Wheels, 601Network planning, 547Network Power Constraint, 347Neutralisation line, 150NodeB emulator, 226Non-stationarity, 20NPC, 347

OOFDM, 51, 251, 274, 387OFDMA, 486Off-body node, 610On-body node, 610Operational Expenditures (OPEX), 407, 443,

665Optimisation, 430Optimisation of 3GPP RAN, 430Orthogonal Space–Time Block Code, 351OSTBC, 351, 352OTA, 163, 171, 172

PParameter estimation, 39Particle Filter, 45, 46Path loss, 30, 272PCS correlation, 433PDF, 184PDP, 41, 239Peer-to-peer channels, 114Performance counter statistics, 431Phase modes, 251Phase noise, 52Phaseless antenna patterns, 164PHY layer, BAN, 642Picocell, 411PIFA, 174Planning tool, 423, 432Polarization, 40, 86, 96, 122Polarization diversity, 263Power-Delay Profile, 41, 239Precoding, 202Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), 211Propagation

in tunnels, 69in vegetation, 68outdoor-to-aircraft, 74

676 Index

Propagation (cont.)outdoor-to-indoor, 73outdoor-to-outdoor, 71

Propagation channel, 150Propagation path, 39Pseudo noise sequence, 23PSMA, 644Public transportation scenarios, 30

QQHA, 178QoS, 550, 551, 666Quality-of-Service (QoS), 198, 549

RRadar, 289Radiation pattern, 97, 149, 251Radiative Transport Theory, 89Rank Indicator (RI), 211RARE, 44Ray Launching Models, 82Ray Tracing, 282Ray Tracing Models, 82RCS, 260Realistic scenarios, 430Receive diversity, 151Received-Signal Strength Indicator, 237Relay selection, 397Resource Assignment, 486Reverbertion Chambers, 204RIMAX, 44Ringing, 262Routing, 529, 531, 532

SSafespot, 601SAGE, 44, 277SAM, 174SC-FDMA, 665Scheduling, 202, 487Self-configuration, 445Self-healing, 445Self-optimisation, 445Self-organising network (SON), 408, 443Self-organising networks (SONs), 665SEM, 185, 256SFN, 554, 555SFNs, 553Shadowing by human bodies, 30Shadowing correlation, 108Shannon capacity, 176Short-Term Dynamic (STD) system-level

simulations, 417SIC, 41

Similarity measures, 105Similarity regions, 103Single carrier transmission, 386Single Frequency Network (SFN), 553Single Frequency Networks, 555Single-bounce cluster, 121Slepian modes, 252Smart Environments, 670SMEM, 185, 256Soft handover, 557SOSF, 116Space–Time Block Coding, 664Spatial multiplexing efficiency, 165Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), 199Spectral divergence, 107Spectroscopy, 29Spheroidal coupler, 164Stationarity, 75Stochastic, 184, 186, 189Sub-millimeter-waves, 27Super-antenna, 164Superframe, 644Switched parasitics, 173, 176, 177

TTDOA, 287Terahertz, 29Terminal antenna, 149, 150Ternary code, 25Throughput, 527TOA, 287Tracking, 524Traffic modelling, 433Traffic models, 418Travolution, 600Twin cluster, 121Two-ray model, 30

UUCA, 54ULA, 53Ultra fast file transfer, 30Ultra-wideband, 23Ultrawideband, 663UMTS, 173, 175, 566, 567User interaction, 150User terminal, 150UWB, 164, 182, 183, 185, 186

Antenna, 263, 266Antenna Array, 267Antenna impulse response, 262, 266Antenna quality measures, 262Beamforming, 269Channel, 286Imaging, 289

Index 677

UWB (cont.)Localization, 287Pulser, 268Radar, 289Regulations, 249Time Domain, 270

VVector network analyzer, 23, 228Vehicle-to-infrastructure, 20Vehicle-to-vehicle, 20VHP, 157, 163Virtual antenna array, 342Virtual MIMO, 341, 342Visibility region, 90, 119Visibility region assignment table, 127Visibility region group, 127VoIP, 666

WWave Propagation

Aircraft, 274

In-car, 274Indoor, 272Industrail environment, 275Tunnel, 275

WBAN, 609WBAN channel, 612Wideband array model, 42WILLWARN, 601WiMAX, 211, 419WINNER, 187WINNER channel model, 77Wireless Mesh Networks, 426, 523Wireless Network Coding, 358, 361Wireless relay channel, 342Wireless relay network, 343Wireless Sensor Networks, 523WLAN, 425

XX-Map estimation, 450XPD, 98