Το μπαρόκ στη Φλάνδρα, την Ολλανδία, τη Γαλλία. Βερμέερ, Χαλς, Ρέμπραντ, Ρούμπενς, Πουσέν, Λορέν
Ολλανδία
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: 515500N 53400E / 51.9167N5.5667E (: Nederland) (: Koninkrijk der Nederlanden), . , ( ). -, , (: Noord Holland) (: Zuid Holland). - , . 1/4 . , 3.000 - .
1
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-. - - 50.000, .[5]. , - - , . , .[6] ' - - -, - .[7]
5 1945 - . , ' , -.
1.6 1945 -
- . Benelux, . 1975 - . 10 2010 .[8]
2013 -, - .
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-
5 .
, ,
-. - . , (: Flevoland) -. - . 18,4% - -. (IJsselmeer) 29 , 1932. - , . , , -. , - - . .
( ), - -. - . - . 1,2 4-5 11-12 20-22 . , - , - , - , - . , 10 .
3
(FAOSTAT 2005).
, , 16.904.594[1] (.2015), 30 , 407 - ( 505/km2 ' 20% ). -. - , - : 80,8% -, 5,6% ( 2,4% ), 2,4% , 2,2% , 2,0% , 1,9%, 0,8% , 4,2% . , (,, ) , , (Randstad) 7 . - , 2014, 79,02 -
-
6 6 2012
83,34 , 81,12 .[9]
3.1 16 - , . , - , , . 10 2010 . - 192.000 100.000 , - .
3.2 , , - . - 40% - . . 60% - :
(5 , 31%)
(2,5 , 21%)
- ( 700.000 )
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, .
4 - -. 17 - ,
, . . , , . , - , .
5 1815, - - - .
5.1
1980 . 30 2013, (Koninginnedag), - (Willem-Alexander) , - 120 -. -, 27 (1967), " "[11].
5.2
2 -. 150 - 4 . - , . , , 75 , - 4 . - . (Tweedekamer) 9 2010 .
6 2012 12 2012, - ,
-
8.1 7
VVD 41 PvdA 39 150 .[12]
, 12 2012
6.1 - . , ( ) , -, 1 2001. - - - , 2004, , , .[13] - -.[14]
7
12 . , , - 1579, 1986 , - (IJsselmeer) 20 .
8 - . -, - . . , , . . . 4% , -. - .
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9 [1]
[2] ( .pdf)
[3] 2010
[4] "The Middle Colonies: New York ". Digital History.
[5] Georg Tessin, Verbnde und Truppen der deutschenWehrmacht und Waffen SS 1939-1945, Biblio Verlag,vol. 2 for Nederland, vol. 14 for Landstorm Nederland
[6] Mark Mazower, : - , -, ISBN 978-960-221-466-4, .105
[7] W. Warmbrunn, The Dutch under German occupation,1940-1945 (, 1963), 27-8
[8] Antillen opgeheven op 10-10-2010 S news
[9] CIA World Factbook
[10] Facts and Statistics, mormonnewsroom.org
-
8 10
[11] Public Holidays, ( )
[12] , : , 13-9-2012.
[13] The Murder of Theo Van Gogh. Mohammed Bouyerisentenced, TRUtv Crime Library
[14] Dutch Politician Plans on Global Spread of Anti-IslamParty
[15] Regionale Kerncijfers Nederland ( Dutch).Statistics Netherlands. 2007. http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?VW=T&DM=SLNL&PA=70072ned&D1=224&D2=5-16&D3=l&HD=081103-1603&HDR=T&STB=G1,G2. 2007-10-13.
[16] Bevolking per regio naar leeftijd, geslacht enburgerlijke staat ( Dutch). Statistics Netherlands.2007. http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?VW=T&DM=SLNL&PA=03759ned&D1=0&D2=802-813&D3=0&D4=l&HD=081103-1603. 2007-10-13.
10 Overheid.nl, ()
Government.nl, site - ()
- ()
(The World Factbook) (-)
CBS - - ()
Open Directory Project
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911 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses11.1 Text
: http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1?oldid=5145812 : Geraki, Robbot, Kalogeropoulos, Song1for, Mik, Dada, Templar52, YurikBot, Zwobot, Sz-iwbot,Ultratomio, *, Lemur12, Badseed, FocalPoint, Matesi1976, Gerakibot, , Valentin, Lou, Vasiliskrin, Isabella,Aexon79, Aurilios, Dead3y3, Egmontaz, Kostisl, Escarbot, Harkoz, Thijs!bot, JAnDbot, Magioladitis, Zarkos, Vassilisk, Oustaman,CommonsDelinker, SpyrosCS, FlaBot, VolkovBot, Idioma-bot, Ferengi, Synthebot, TXiKiBoT, Marcus Cyron, Dimitrissss, ,YonaBot, Hypnotist, SieBot, Transistor, BotMultichill, AlleborgoBot, PipepBot, MARKELLOS, DragonBot, Botseed, Ttzavaras,Lodewijck, Alexbot, Glavkos, Propagitas, MelancholieBot, HerculeBot, Amirobot, SilvonenBot, Knop92, Luckas-bot, ArthurBot,, Wikibelgiaan, Almabot, Orphaios, GhalyBot, VJSC263IO, Yt, Egmontbot, Xaris333, Almanakos, Vagrand, MastiBot, C messier,Xqbot, RedBot, TobeBot, Ptoliethron, Sisyphos23, DSisyphBot, Cinelab, Nataly8, Christianna1219, EmausBot, Peeperman, ZroBot,Alphathon, ChuispastonBot, WikitanvirBot, Mjbmrbot, Movses-bot, MerlIwBot, Gaius Flavius Grecus, Chrysalifourfour, Vagobot,AvocatoBot, Geilamir, Spiros790, JYBot, MahdiBot, Dexbot, Mimis Amimitos, Mikedelis, Timmy terner, Nederland, Addbot, IM-yb,KCharitakis, Cretan2014, BG19bot : 64
11.2 Images :Afsluitdijk_-_cropped.jpg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Afsluitdijk_-_cropped.jpg
: Public domain : ? : ? :Cartography_of_Europe.svg: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Cartography_of_Europe.svg
: CC-BY-SA-3.0 : This vector image was created with Inkscape. : Heraldry
:Commons-logo.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg : Publicdomain : This version created by Pumbaa, using a proper partial circle and SVG geometry features. (Former versionsused to be slightly warped.) : SVG version was created by User:Grunt and cleaned up by 3247, based on the earlierPNG version, created by Reidab.
:Dutch_Empire35.PNG : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Dutch_Empire35.PNG :CC BY-SA 3.0 : : Red4tribe
:EU-Netherlands.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/EU-Netherlands.svg : CCBY-SA 3.0 :
File:Location European nation states.svg : NuclearVacuum :Flag_Drenthe.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Flag_Drenthe.svg : Public
domain : ? : ? :Flag_Groningen.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Flag_Groningen.svg : Public
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:Flag_Zuid-Holland.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Flag_Zuid-Holland.svg :Public domain : : publicdomain , GeeKaa. . . :GeeKaa " ", ,
:Flag_of_Europe.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg : Publicdomain :
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:Flag_of_Zeeland.svg: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Flag_of_Zeeland.svg : Publicdomain:This vector imagewas created by converting theEncapsulated PostScript file available at Brands of theWorld(view download).Remember not all content there is in general free, see Commons:Fair use for more. : T.A.J.W. Schorer
:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg : Public domain : : Zscout370
:Flevolandflag.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Flevolandflag.svg : Publicdomain : ? : public domain ,GeeKaa. . . :GeeKaa " ", ,
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10 11 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES
:Frisian_flag.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Frisian_flag.svg : Public domain: www.echtefriesevlag.nl : P.H. Wagemakers and Joh. Koopmans
:Gelderland-Flag.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Gelderland-Flag.svg : Publicdomain : ? : public domain ,GeeKaa. . . :GeeKaa " ", ,
:Greek_wiktionary_logo.png : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Greek_wiktionary_logo.png : CC BY-SA 3.0 : File:Wiktprintable.svg, Transferred from el.wikipedia; transferred to Commons by User:MARKELLOS using CommonsHelper. : meta:User:Smurrayinchester, ::Assassingr. Original uploader was Chomwitt at el.wikipedia
:Jan_Steen_-_Adolf_en_Catharina_Croeser_aan_de_Oude_Delft_1655.jpg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Jan_Steen_-_Adolf_en_Catharina_Croeser_aan_de_Oude_Delft_1655.jpg : Public domain -: www.rijksmuseum.nl : Home : Info : Jan Steen (1625/16261679)
:KinderdijkMolens02.jpg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/KinderdijkMolens02.jpg -: CC-BY-SA-3.0 : en:Image:KinderdijkMolens01.jpg : Lucas Hirschegger
:Map_provinces_Netherlands-el.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/24/Map_provinces_Netherlands-el.svg : CC BY-SA 4.0 : :Wikibelgiaan
:NL-LimburgVlag.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/NL-LimburgVlag.svg :Public domain : ? : ?
:Netherlands-demography.png : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Netherlands-demography.png : CC BY 2.0 : ? : ?
:North_Brabant-Flag.svg: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/North_Brabant-Flag.svg :Public domain : ? : ?
:Rotterdam.jpg: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Rotterdam.jpg : Public domain -: http://www.archives.gov/research_room/arc/ ARC Identifier: 535916; U.S. Defense Visual Information Center photo HD-SN-99-02993 [1] :
:Seven_United_Netherlands_Janssonius_1658.jpg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Seven_United_Netherlands_Janssonius_1658.jpg : Public domain : Archieven.nl Oude versie kwamvan:Universiteit van Groningen : Jan Janssonius
:State_coat_of_arms_of_the_Netherlands.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/State_coat_of_arms_of_the_Netherlands.svg : CC BY-SA 3.0 : , Based on: Painting byJohannes Evert van Leeuwen (1855-1931) (from 1907) : Sodacan
:Straight_Line_Steady.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Straight_Line_Steady.svg -: Public domain : : User:Trisreed
:The_Netherlands_compared_to_sealevel.png : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/The_Netherlands_compared_to_sealevel.png : Public domain : Originally from nl.wikipedia; description pageis/was here. Reference: http://ahn.geodan.nl/ahn/viewer3/index.html : User:Jan Arkesteijn
:Utrecht_(province)-Flag.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Utrecht_%28province%29-Flag.svg : Public domain : ? : ?
:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg : CC BY-SA 3.0 : : AleXXw
11.3 Content license Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
(1519 - 1581) (15811795) : 17951815 ' 1945 -
2012
Text and image sources, contributors, and licensesTextImagesContent license