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ISBN: 960-7967-28-3

: 8161, 100 10, : 7280,

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2. 98

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VI. pi pi pi pi, pi pi1 0 4

VII. pi 117

VIII. pi pi 123

IX. pi pi 133

1. pi 133

2. "" 136

3. pi 138

4. pi 142

5. pi pi 151

6. pi 153

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2. " " 4 pi 1923 168

3. pi 170

4. "" pi pi 181

XI. pi 1934 184

XII. pi 197

XIII. pi 204

XIV. 206

XV. 212

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XVI. 1926 214

pi 216

230

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1934, pipi 17 pi. pi pi .

pi pi . pi . 1934, 5 30 pi pi 6 . pi , , pi pi .

, pi, pipi pi . . pi pi 1934 pi .

pi , pi pi . , - 1936 pi . pi pi pipi

pi

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1936. , pi pi pi .

pi pi pi , pi . pi. pi pi pi , pi pi .

pi pi. pi pi pi . 1944, . pi pi , pi .

pi pi pi pi . pi pi . 1965, pi. pi , pi 1989. pi . pi pipi pi pi pi . pi. pi pi .

[ 9 ]

pi, , 1992, pi .

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[ 10 ]

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pi pi pi . pi pipi , pi pi pi 1917 pi pi , pi pi pi pi. pi pi - ! - pi ; pi pi pi 20 - pipi pi pi . pi pi: , , pipi . pi pi pi pi,pi pi .

. pi 1900 . . 1920

[ 11 ]

pi . pi . pi pipi . , pipi pi pi pi pi : pi pi pi , pi pi .

1918 (). 1919 pi , . pi pi pi pi . pi pi pi , pi pi pi . pi pi pi pi. pi , pi pi.

1922 pi pi . pi pi pi pi pi , . , pi ,

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[ 12 ]

pi , pi pi pi pi. , 20.000 , pi. pi pi ( 1924) pi pi pi pi pipi . pi pi : pi.

pi 1920 pi () pi . pi pi pi pi, pi pi pi pi pi . , pi pipi pi pi pi pi . pi pi, () pi pi pi . pi pipi pi : pi , . pi 1923 pi pi ().

pi pi .

[ 13 ]

, . . . 1924 (), pi, pi , . . pi .. . pi - pi 24! - pi pi pipi pipi pi .

pi pipi , pi pi , . 1924 1920 1921-22. pipi pi . pipi .

. pi pi . pi , pi 1926, pi . pi : pi , pi pi. pi . , pi pi pi . pi , pi

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[ 14 ]

pi pi . 3 ,

1927, pi pi . , pi . pi pi . 1931, pi pi , pi .

, pi pi pi pi pi . pi pi pi 6 .. , 1934. pi pi pipi.

6 pipi pi pi pi pi pi - , pi pi pi.

pi pi . , pi pi pi pi pi - , pi pi pi pi. pi . , pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pipi .

[ 15 ]

pi pi pi pi pipipi, pi.

pi - pipi pi pi pi pi 1918 . pi pi pi pi, pi pi pi , pi pi . pi pi pi pi pi , pi pi.

pi pi, pi pi pi, pi pi. pi pi . pi.

1917, , , pi pi pi pi ( , pi , pipi). pipi pi , 1930,

pi

[ 16 ]

pi pi.

pi pi pi pi pi : pi, pi pi , pi, pi pi pi pi pi pipi, pi pi. pi pi pi, pi pi pi .

pi pi 6 pi pi pipi pi pi pi pi pi, pi , pi pi pi pi pi . , pipi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi

pi pi , , pi pi .pi pi pi pi , pi

[ 17 ]

. pi pi pi pi , pi pi pi pi, .

pi pi pi pi 1936 . pi pi , pi pi pi , pi , pi , .

1936, pi pi , , pi . pi pi . pipi , pi, . pi - ( pi pipi ).

pi pi pi pipi pi . , pi pi ,

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[ 18 ]

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. pi pi pi . pi, pi pi - pi - pi pi, .

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1936 pi : . pi pi pi pi pi , pi . pi pi .

1934-1936 pi pipi pi , pi pi . pi , , , , pi pi pi pi

[ 19 ]

. 1941, . pi

pi pi , pi . pipi , pi pi , pi , pi pi pi pi pi pi. pi pi pi pi .

pi pi pi pi pipi pi. 6 1943 pi pipi 105 pi pi pi . pi pi pi, ( pi, , . pipi). pi , pi pi pi pi.

pi pi pi .pi pi ;. pipi pi . 1930 pi, pi.

pi

[ 20 ]

, pi pi pi pi pi pi . 1934 .pi pipi pipi pi pi pi, pi pi . pi , pi pi. pipi pi .

[ 21 ]

K N , , pi

K, .

2 M 1919, pi pi pi, pipi pi pipi pi K M pi K . pi pi pi pi pi pi T pi pi pi P pi pi pi pi.

pi K , pi pi pi pi .

Z pi pi Epi. 1933,

pi

[ 22 ]

K.. pi , K.K. , pi pi pi , pi , pi pi pi P pi, pi pi pipi Mpi. T pi pi , K.K. A , pi A pi , pipi , pi , pi pi . K , pi K.K. , pi pi, , pi pi pi pi pi Y , , pi , pi pipi pi pi, !- pi pi pi pi pi, - pi pi pi pi pi pi pi .

pi ;

[ 23 ]

H . H .O pi pi pi pi, pi, pi pi . E, pi E pi pi. O pi K K E , pi pi 1927 A, pi pi.

A , pi, pi, pi pipi , , pi, pi, pi , pi A, pi pi pi, .

Api , pi , , pi pi pi pi , pi pi K. E . A pi , pi pi pi

pi

[ 24 ]

pi . pi , pi, pi pi pi pi pi, pi pi .

pi pi. O , pi, pi .E pi pi pi pi . H pi . K pi pi . M , . K pipi . pi . Mpi . M pi pi pi .

T pi pi pipi pi , pi pi pi pi P, pi pi pi . O P , pi , pi, pi pi pi - , . T pi . O pi pi pi .

pi ;

[ 25 ]

E P. O pi pi.K pi pi pi ,pi pi pipi . A . pi pi pi pi pi.

M pi , . O pi . Hpi , pi pi pi pi pi pipi, pi pi pi pi. A pi pi pi M , E, pi pi 1917 1923, pi K Opi pi pi , pi pi pi pi .

, pipi pi E pi

pi

[ 26 ]

pi . E pi pi pi pi , pi pi , pi pipi E pi pi. pi : pi pi pi pi pi pi Epi M 15 pi.

T pi . H pipi pi pi pi pipi pi pi . O pipi pi , , pi , pi pi .

T pipi pi pi 6 O K Epipi KK E (Ppi, 21-1-1934). pi pipi, pi .

Api pi pi

pi ;

[ 27 ]

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[ 28 ]

O , pi pi pi (1934, . 46,47, H"" E -T pi pipi ). M pi pi pi * pi pi, pi pi pi , pi,pi pi E pi , pi pi pi pi .

O pi 6 O pi pi , pi KKE pi . A, pi pi pi pipi, pi pi pi pi pi , pi K E

*(.) pi pi pi pi .

pi pi. H pi . H pi pi pi , pi pi .

A 2 M 1934 pipi pi K..

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pi ;

[ 29 ]

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O pi 6 O K Epipi K K E pi pipi E, pi , , 15 K, pi , , K pi : pi pi pi E pi pi, pi , pi pi ,pi pi , pi , pi . A pi , pi pi pipi pi pi pi.K pi, pi pi pi pi pi , pi pi pi

pi

[ 30 ]

- pipi pi (Ppi, 21, 24, 25, 26 1934).

M , pi pi pi K pi, 21 1934 , pi pipi , K , , , pi , pi pi pi pi . O pi pi pipi , pi pi , K, ( 6 O) , pi pi pi pi pipi pi Ppi pi , pi pi pi pi pi pi , pi A. pi pi , , , pi pi !(Ppi, 26-1-34).

K pi pi pipipi pi pi pi KK pi pi , ,

pi ;

[ 31 ]

, pi K, pi , , pi pi, pi pi 6 O pi .

O K pi pi pi pi , , pi K K. T pi pi pi. K.K. pi , . T ., pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi , pi pi pi pi, K.K. pipi pi pi (Api 2 K.., pi ).H pi pi pi pi pi pi K.K. P pi pi , pi pi. , pi pi , pi pi . K pi , pipi pi K, pi

pi

[ 32 ]

, pi , pi. K , , pi : E K pi pi , pi : pi pi.pi pi , pi pipi pi pi pi (, Api, 18, 1, .29)

H pi pipi pi pipi : pi; H A pi pi . H pi , pi , pipi pi pi pipi , pi pi pi . M pi pi , pi, pi , pi , pi, pi pi pi pi , pi pi , pi , . O pi pi 1918

pi ;

[ 33 ]

P pi , pi Mpi , MpiK pi pi. N pi ; O : pipi , pi . OMpi P : pipi pi . K Epi. K pi K, pi pi, pi pi .

pi

[ 34 ]

IIII.. EENNIIKKOOPPEEOOPPMMIIMMOO KKAAII NNAAMMIIKKHH TTHH IIEENNIIKKHH EEAANNAATTAAHH

A pi pi KKE pi .T pi pi-pi pi pipi pi , pi pi pi pi , pi pi ( 6 pi).T pi E pipi pi pi pi, pi .

K , pi pi pi pi pi, . Api pi pi pi pi pi.E , pi pi pipi pi,pi

pi ;

[ 35 ]

pi pi pi , pi pi pi .

pi pi , pi pi pi, pi pi pi Kpi pi pipi pi pi pi pi, . T pi , pi pi - pi pi (.. pi Api pi pi), pi pipi pi pipi . Ypi pi . O pi pi pi pi, pi pi pi pi - pi pi .

pi pi ,

pi

[ 36 ]

(.. P 1917) pi, pi, pi pipi, pi pi pi. M pi pi pi pi pipi, , pipi. Api pi pi pi 6 O, E pipi pi! pi pi - pi pi pi .

H pi 6 O pi (pi pi) pipi pi pi E! pi P pi, , pi pi pi I.11

pi pi pi E pi, pi pi pi pi pi

pi ;

[ 37 ]

pi pipi pi , , pi pi pi , pi pi pi , pi M, T pi pi pi pi, pi pi pi .

pi pi, pi , Epi M pi Epi K.

6 O pi pi pi , , pi pi pi pi, , pi pi , pi pi pi, pi , pi pi pi. T, pi , pi pi pi pi pi !

pi

[ 38 ]

IIIIII.. TTAA OOIIKKOONNOOMMIIKKAA KKPPIITTHHPPIIAA TTHH 66 OOOOMMEEEEIIAA

pi pi pi : pi pi EpiK, pi . , , pipi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi O - . M , pi, , . pi pi, pi . M . Apipi,pi pi, pipipi.

pi ;

[ 39 ]

I pipi pipi . , pi , pi pi, , pi: , pi pi pi pi pi pi , pi pi pi pi -, pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi 6O. pi pi pi, pi pipi. M pi pi pi. A pi pi pi Epi.

pi , pi pi pi pi, 1933, pi pi pi pi pi

pi

[ 40 ]

pi pi .

A pi , pi . , pi pi .

Api pi pi . E 6 O pi , pi pi pi pi . , O . E pi pi pi pi pi, pi pi pi , pi pi , E .pi pi pi , pi pi pi pipipi pi, pi pi pi pi pi . , pi pi

pi ;

[ 41 ]

, pi, pi pi , pi pi pipi . .., :pi pi = , . , = . , pi pi pi = pi pi, ,.22

Api pi , pi pi , pi pi ,pi pi pi, pi . pipi pi , pi - pi , pi AO, ,pi pi, A Tpi,pi pi , , pi.

AO (A O), Opi (!), pi , O pi pipi pi (Ppi, 21-1-34).

pi

[ 42 ]

pipi pi . pi , pi pi. AO ( pi ) pi pi - pi E pi pi pi pi pipi pi . pi pi pi pi pi. , pi pi pi pi, . pi pipi pi pi, . pi pi pi. , KKE pi - pi .

pi pipi pi pi pi pi, pi

pi ;

[ 43 ]

, O pi pi, pi pi pi (pi pi pi AO). pi , -pi. pi pi , . pi pi, pi pi. , AO pi : pipi. pi pipi , pi pi .33

(Vulgaroekonomisch) pi K Epi pi ! pi pi pi. . , pi pi A (E A

pi

[ 44 ]

Tpi), pi. pi , pi - pi , pi 1910 pi pi , , pi pi pi.

pi pipi pi pi pi, pi pi , pi pi pi pi. pi pi - pi pi , pi E Tpi. , , pi Api AK, pi pi , pi pi pi pi pi pi pi .

6 O pi , pi pi pi pi pi pi

pi ;

[ 45 ]

pi , pi pi, pi.

pi 6 O pi pi pi pi, pi pi , pi . , pi pi pi pi pi ! pi pi - pi , - pi pi pi pi pi pi, pi pi pi. pi pi .

pi pi 6 O, pi pi pi. , pi M, , pi , pi pi pi pi pi pi

pi

[ 46 ]

pi , N . A pipi pi pi pi, , , pi pi pi pi pi pi, pi pi pipi ,pi pi (K Epi, M1932, .280). E pi ( pipi, , pi , pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi ) pi pi .

pi pi , pi pi, pipi pi pi pi , pi pi pi , pi pi , pi pi pi pi , pi pi pi pi

pi ;

[ 47 ]

pi pi M K:pi pi pi, pi pi pi pi.44 , pi pi 1932,.23: .pi, pi .

pi pi( pi pi 200.000), pipi pi pi pi pi pi, E. pi pi O ... .., pi pipi .

pi

[ 48 ]

IIVV.. EEIINNAAII MMIIOOEEOOYYAAPPXXIIKK KKAAIITTAAIITTIIKKHH XXPPAA HH EEAAAA;;

11..EENNIIKKAA

A pi pipi pi pi pi , pi , Epi, . pi pi 1916-1930 , , pi pi , pi pi pi pi pi pi pi, , pi pi, pi , pi pi , pi

pi ;

[ 49 ]

pi pi , pi, pi pi pi, pi pipi pi , pi pi pi, pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi, B. , - pi - pi pi, pi , pi pi , pipi pi pi pi pi pi.

22.. AATTIIKKOOHHMMOOKKPPAATTIIKKHH EEEEIIHH

O E, , pi pi 1910. pi 19 (Tpi) pi . pi pi 20 pi, , pi , , , .

pi

[ 50 ]

pi, pi pi pi . pi , pi pi E Epi, 19 pi pi pipi , , pi pi piE . " pi" "" pi pi pi 1844, 1863 " pi" 1909 (). pi pi , (pi 1910 ), pi pi pi . pipi pi : " , ", pi pi, "" . pi pi pi pi pi, , , pi pi piconstellation pi pi pi pipi "" : pi,

pi ;

[ 51 ]

pi pi pi , , , pi .

, pi pi pi pi pipipi . "" 1910 pi pi pi. pi pi . . pi pi pi pi .

"pi " pi pi, "" pi"" pi , , "pi" . ""(;), pi pi , pi "" pi pi "" pi pipi (;) "" pi 1923 pi

pi

[ 52 ]

pipi: pi "" pi! pi pi , pi' pi , pi pi . 6 pi pi ;

pi pi, , pi pi pi . . 1928 (pi ) pi . . "" " pi ". , pi , pi pi pi 1910 ("").

pi pi pi ( , , ,pi 1917, pi). (..) pi. pi , , ,pi, pi pi . pi pi, pi pi pi pi , pi

pi ;

[ 53 ]

pi pi pi pi pi pi . pi pi pi pi 1914. pi pi pi pi . pi pi pipi 1 "" pi 19 .

, , , , pi pi, pi(, ). pi pi pi . pi pi . ' pi pi pi , pi "" "pi" , pi pi pi pi pipi pi .

pi pi , pi pi pi pi , pi

pi

[ 54 ]

pi " pi pi " ("pi",25 , .2). pi " pi", pi, ,pi pi pi, pi "" pi pi.

pi , pi pi pipi pi pi, pi pi pi pi.

33..

pi 1912 1930 pi pi , pi 6 pi . 1892 40.000.000 . pipi 5.568. 1917 2.000, pi 200.000.000 , 35.000. 1930, 4.000, pi 480.000.000 , 230.000 pipi. pi pi pi pi. 11

pi ;

[ 55 ]

,

pi ( pi), pi , 2,5 pi pi pi .

:

pi pi 1923 1928 124%, 68%.

pi 1924 1929 221 , pi (pi pi) 1.500.000.000, 770 pipi pipi 83.000.

pi pi pi 1932 91 1633 pipi, pi pi, pi 1929 470 . . 1923 210 .

pi pipi pi pi pi .

pi

[ 56 ]

.. 1 pi ("pi", 1932) 50% pipi 1923. 1914, 1923, 1924, 1928, , , , pi , pipi pi 12 20, pi pi. pi:

pi pi , pi pi, pi pi. , pi pipi pi pi pi

pi ;

[ 57 ]

pi pi, pipi " pi" pi . pi pi 6 pi .

pi . , pi 1 1929 pi , pi pi pi: " pi , pi "! , pi 6, pi pi .

pi pi pi , pi 1929 , pi pi . pi. . pi pi pi , pi pi pi . pi pi, pi pi , pi. "pi" . . pi , pi 6 . pi (pi, , pi) pi

pi

[ 58 ]

pi , , pi. pi pi pi . . pi pi pi pi pi pi ().

pi . : , ( pi pipi), ( 60% , ), ( pi ) 100% pi pi . ,pi, pipi, 100% pi. 65-70%pi, 50% (pi pi , 1931).

pi pi pi pi pi , pi . pipi pi.

pi pi pi pi pi pi ,

pi ;

[ 59 ]

pi pi pi pi pi pipi . - pi pi pi pi pi - pi pi, pi , pi "pi" 1928:

"pi pi pi , pi pi pi pi pi ..."

44..

pi " pi", pi : " ". 6 pi . pi pi pi . " "- "pi pi" pi 1923-24 pi . pi pi pi pipi . pi pi ,

pi

[ 60 ]

pi pi pi . pi . pi pi , , pi pipi, , , pi, pi, pi. , pi pi, pi pi pi pi pi pi .

6 , , pipi pi ;

: pi ( pi ) pi 70% pi pi . pi pi " "(pi pi ) pi , pi pi pi ( pi, pi pipi pi , ) pi pi pi (..pi) pi pi , pi pi pi pi pi pi. pi pi pi pi , , pi ( . -

pi ;

[ 61 ]

).: pi ,

, : ( ) ,pi, pi. pi ' "" , . pi , pi , pi pi pi ( ) pi pi pi pi. pi pi, pi ( , , pi). pipi pi pi, .., pi pi. pi - pi pi pi . pi pi -pi pi . pi pi pi , pi pi pipi pi pi. pi, pi pi 1928 ( pi pi

pi

[ 62 ]

, pi, pi) pi - pi pi.

pi pi ' pi "" pi 6 , . pi pi pi. pi " pi" pi "" pipi pi pipi. , pi 1931. pi 21 1934, "", pipi , pi , , pi pi pi pi pi pi. pi , pi. pi -pi - "pi pi ( pi) pi", " pi pi ". pipi ( pi pi, ), pi pi pi

pi ;

[ 63 ]

pi . pi pi "A KKE" K. Epi, 1932,.12, .643-644, , , "" A(!!!), "K.E", 1932, .5, .155 - "" E pi "" ( pi K), "K.E", 1932,.11, .525, pi pi pi pipipi pi, pi . 6 O Api! pi : , pi pi pi pi pi pi, pi A 21 1934 .

, pi pipi pi pi pi pi pi, pi E : "pi" pi pi. pi 1922 pipi M . pi Ypi EA 13.889.000 . pi 8.000.000 pi pi. pi 8.000.000. , pi E 15.000.000 , pipipi 1/2 , pi. Sering, pi ,

pi

[ 64 ]

pi pi , pi "pi" pi P. pi:E50%, 42%, P 29,7%, E 25%, 17,5%, T 14,1%, O 9,7%, 6,1%, 4,6%, 2,1%, B 2%66 (Sering, Dieargarischen Umwaelzungen im ausserrusseschen Osteuropa,1930, .33 ..).

pi E pi 5% pi pi 1909-1914. pi pi pi pi , pi 50%. pi pipi pi pi 4/5 pipi . 100.000 pipi 1932 pi 722.000.000 pi , 7.200 20 8% pi 1.060 .

145.000 pi pi , pi pi pi EA, 13.463.000 . 5952 pi, pi 350 , 4.712.050.000 , pi 40% pipi, pi pi. 29.000 32.000 3% 15 .

pi pi 556 . , 30% pi , 166

pi ;

[ 65 ]

., 50% pi (278 .) - 1.000.000.000. A pi pi pipi " ", pi pi 6 O. pi "pi". pi .

T: pipi , 6 O pi pi . pi pi pi pi pi, pi ""(;) pi " pi"!

pi pi pi pi pipipi pi "Ppi" pi pi 6 O K, pi, pi pi , K A M( ). pi , pi , pi pipi, , , pipi K pi "":

" pi pi pi . pi

pi

[ 66 ]

pi pi. pi pi , pi, , pi (pi;), , pi pi " (Ppi, 24-1-34).

pi , , pi "pi" ( ): "pi pi pi , . pi pi pi , pi, pi . pi pi " pi ", pi . , pi, pi pi pi pi , pipi pi, pi, pi. pi pi pi. pi pipi , pi pi . pi pi . 2, pi 20 , , 200 pi pi,2.000. pi pi K A. pi 20, pi.

pi ;

[ 67 ]

pi. ; ".

, pi pipi, pi "pi" K. pi pi pi pi, pi pi pi pi pi. : "E pi pi pi pi pipipi . , pi, . pi pi pi, pi. , , pi , pi, pi pi , "" pi pi . pi pi , pi pi - pi pi . , pi pi pi ,pi . pi pi pi, , - pi - , , pi pi , - pi pi pi

pi

[ 68 ]

, ". pi, , pi

"Ppi" ""pi, , .

pi "pi" pi "", pi Sering pipi pi, 19 .

- pi pi pi pi K - pi "" "pipi " . pi, pi "pi pi" , " pi pi ", pi pi pi pi pi pi (E, ATpi), pi pi pi.pi " ", , pi ("A O K Epi", O 1932, .453).

pi pi pi pi pi pi. 1929 pipi, pi , pi pi

pi ;

[ 69 ]

pi pi . pi 1923 1928 20% pi, pi 10% pipi. 40% pipi. pi pi pi. pi pi pi pi pi (pi, , ,). "pi" "" pi pi pi , pi, pi pi pi , pi , pi pi pi pi - pi pi pi pi pipi pi;N pi pi E (pi pi XIII).

pipi , pi"pi" pi pi pi , "pi " pi. pi pi pi 6 O " pi"

pi

[ 70 ]

pi pi E , "! pi! T ..pi pi Kpi , , , pi, , pi, pi, pipi pi pi pipi pi . pipi. , pi pi pi pipi pi pipi pi pi , "" pi.

pi pi pi pi . pi pi pi pi, pi 6 O "" E 1934, pipi ;

K pi pi pi. , pi, pi. O , pi "" ,

pi ;

[ 71 ]

pi pi pi M. pi pi , pi "" E B K, pi M pi E. E E N pi . pipi pi pi, pi , . pi pi , pi pipi, . pi pi pipi pi"" pi pi , (Vulgaroekonomie). pi pi pi pi!

pi pi O pi pi pi .

55.. OO AATTIIKKOO MMEETTAAXXHHMMAATTIIMMOO HHMMOOPPAAIIKKAA

pi pi . E pi Epi. pi pi .

pi pi 1928 - pi () -

pi

[ 72 ]

" " , pi. 97.117 - 26.713, pi pi 10% pi. pi pi pi .

pi E B pi B, pi. pi pi :

X pi. pi pi pi . B pi . pi 1920 E.

pi , . 1920 1926 pi pi 59.9%, 15%. pi

pi ;

[ 73 ]

10% 125%. pi - , "" - pi pi K E:

M pi pi pi E pi pi pi pi pi .

O . , ("pi", Api 1932) 10% pi pi pi 1920 1928, pi " pi " pi pi pi. pi pi pi .

pi

[ 74 ]

66.. OO AATTIIKKOO MMEETTAAXXHHMMAATTIIMMOO MMEE KKPPIITTHHPPIIOO TTAA EEIIOOHHMMAATTAA

( .Z, .P,.) 35-45 pi E 1928. pi pi 10.150 "" pi pi pi 6.500 pipi"" pi pi pi (, , pi, - ). pi pi35% . pi 4,145 pipi pi pi. pipi, pi pi 65%, . pi pi pi , pi E. 12 pipi pi "" pi 5,5 .

pi Ypi E O 1929 7.210.722.100 pi 480.000.000 . pi pi , pi pi pi. pipi pi pi pi pi pipi , pi

pi ;

[ 75 ]

pi pi pi E . P 1913 54%. "" pi E pi Ypi E O 1929 3.000.000.000 pi . pi pi pi, pi pi .

77.. HH YYNNAAMMHH KKAAII HH ""AAYYNNAAMMIIAA"" TTOOYY PPOOEETTAAPPIIAATTOOYY TTHHNN EEAAAA

) pi

H pi 6 O pi pi pi . pi pi "pi" "pi ". 6 O pi pi.77

pi pi . pi 1928 pi. pi , pi ( pi ), pi pi. pi pi pi . pi pi pi .

pi

[ 76 ]

pi E pi 6.200.200. 35-40% pi (pi 8.000 pi). pi pi , pi pi 3-4 pi pi pi O Epi. pi . pi 1930 pi 161.119, . pi pi 7.465.

pi ;

[ 77 ]

(, pi 42.000 pi 1929, ) (pi pi 10.000), - pi , pi pi , pi , pi 30% . pi pi,pi "" .

1915 P A pi182.000.000. pi pi pi P 132 1922. 1912 pi pi 2.700.000 pipi. 3.200.000, ""( pi pipi , - pi pi pi 2.000.000).

pi pi "pi" - pi. pi 1920 P( pi, , ,pi, , pi , , ,) 2.523.000. T 51% P pi (pi pi 100 ). pi E. ' pi pi pi 1930 161.119 (

pi

[ 78 ]

pi - pi 7.463 pi), pi pi 1928 246.525 , . : 1917pi pi pi 25 23.300, 1928 110.000. pi pipi Ppi "pipi pi" ( pi). pi pi pi I. 1.240.000 (pipi, , , pi): 3.763.000.

P pi pi pi pi pi,pi (636.533), pi (164.325). pi pi pi pi pi pi pipi, pi pi ( pi pi 10 ) pi 11%. pi 13,4%. pi 0,02% pipi 0,028%, pi pi 1922. L.Kritzmann, G.Piatakow, I.Schatunowski "Jahrbuch fur Politik, Wirstschaft undArbiterbewegung" 1922-1923 A.B, .313, 373, 393, 394,412. pi pi P pi , pi E pi pi.

pi ;

[ 79 ]

, pi pi ,pi .. pi. pi . pi pi P pi. pi P, E, pi.

26.37% pi 32,74% pi( pi ) "", "" pi (pipi 10 ). pi pi pi pi pi " pi" (2.069.212, pi) . pi pi. pi, pi pi , pi, pi pi pi, pi pi ( pi ). pi pi pi. pi pi pi 1.400.000 pi 10 pi. pi pi pi pi. pi, pi pi pi :

pi

[ 80 ]

pi pi , pi pipi P pi E pi . ' pipi , pi, pi pi pi. pi.

pi pi A.Tahlheimer E.Varga pi "Jahribuch" (1919) (1917). I , pi pi .

E pi pi " pi ". E pipi pi,

pi ;

[ 81 ]

pi , pi E.

pi pi pi pi . pi pi "" pi, , pi pi pi . pi E pi .

' pi, pi 1932, pi pi pi pi. pi "" pipi pi 10 , pipi pi "' pi". pi pi, "" pi.

pi

[ 82 ]

pi, , pi B pi . pi E, pi pi pi, "" pi, " pi pi" (2.400.000). O pi B.

) H pi E ( "" pi pi)

O Tixier, E K E, pi 1926 E pi . pi pi :

"Epi E pi pi , pi pi

pi ;

[ 83 ]

. pi pi pi, pi pi, pi . . pipi pipi. 20-35 25-28. , , pi , 40-60 pi 50. pi. . , pi pi pi, pi , pi 9-11 , pi pi pi pi 8-10 12 .

, pi pi pi pi pi, pipi . , pi 11 pi , pi " ("Api", 21-4-1926).

pi , pi KTE pi pipi pi pi pi pi pi " pi" . , "" pi Epi E, 20 pi E O

pi

[ 84 ]

. pi pi pi Tixier pi ( , , , pi), pi " E". pipi pi . , pi pi .

pi Tixier pipi pi pi. pi Kpi A, pi pi K pi , pi . pi pi pi pi pi E . Tixier pi , pi:

1. M pi pi Tixier, 1914 1927 pi pi, pi pi pi . pi pi Tixier 1927 pi pi 1914. pi pi pi 1927-1928 pi 48-50 , Tixier. 1914 pi 8

pi ;

[ 85 ]

. pi - pi, , pi pi pi E Tpi Ypi E O - :

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pi pi pi pi, pi pi pi. pi , pi , piskilled (). pi pi (.. 4 pipi ) 1927-1928. - pi , - pi pi.

2. A. pi 1927-1928 pi pi pi .99 200.000 pi

pi

[ 86 ]

pi " pi" . , pi "" pi pi pi-, .

3. O pi pi Tixier. pi . pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi , , pi pi .

4. O , pi pi pipi pipi pi pi pi KTE. pi pi pi pi , pi - pi - , pi pi pi pi , pi pi pi pi pi pi.

pi ;

[ 87 ]

pi pi pi pi 6 O ( pi, ): pi pi " pi E". ' pi pi pi pi "" "pi" pi pi, pi , .

pi pi , pi .- pi. , pi , pipi pi pi pipi pi , pi . , , , ,pi pi , pi, pi , pi pipi , pipi pi rationalisation, pi pi pi

pi

[ 88 ]

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pi , , pi "KM":

"O , pi , pi pi pi . pauper pipi pi pi pi pi pi. pi pi pi . pi .E pi pi . pi , pi , pi . pi pi , pi ".

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pi ;

[ 89 ]

pi pi . ""pi pi pi . pi, pi pi pi pi, pi, pi pipi, pi pi pi pi M E pi .

pi pi pi pi "" pi, pi "pi", pi pi pi . , pi pi pi 2. pi - P Epi - pi 3, .

E, pi pi, , pi pipi1111

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pi

[ 90 ]

"pi" pi., "pi" -pi "pi" pipi - pi , pi, "pi"pi ( " pi ). pi . pi , "" "pi pi " () - 6O pi 1934.

pi pi, , , pi pipi , . pi pi pi , pi "pi ". pi pi, "" , , pi pi pi . pi , pi pi . pi "":"pi" pi pi "pi". , , pi , pi pi . pi pi pi . pi pi pi

pi ;

[ 91 ]

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pi pi , pi pi , pi - pi pi pi "pi" pi pipi pi - .. "" - pi pi pi .

,

pi

[ 92 ]

, pi , pi pi pi, IV, 2. pi pi pi pi pi pi pi 19 pi . ("" - pi) pi pi pipi. pi pi pi, pi pi pi , pi pi. pi pi pi pi pi, pi pi. ( "" ) pi pi pi,, , pi, ( pi pi pi), pi pi pi E , pi pi pi pi .1144

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pi ;

[ 93 ]

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6 O pi pi. pi pi pi , pi : " ", , pi "pi" pi Api . ..:"M pi (sic) pi pi, pi , (, ) pipi pi".1155

M pi pipi pi pi pi pi pipi .

K pi pi pi. pi pi pi 1932 pi pi pi. pi pi pi pi pi . pi , pi pi ,

pi

[ 94 ]

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K pi pi pi . pi pi,pi, pi, , pi pipi . pi "pi" pi pi, pi , pi (1912-1922). pi pi pi pi.

, pi - - pipi pi, pi, pi "" pi. , - pi : . , pi pi pi , pi pi , pi pi . pi (.. pi pi pi , pi pi, pi.), pi, , ,, pi, pi pi,

pi ;

[ 95 ]

pi. pipi pi

, pi pi , . , pi , pi pi pi pi , , , pipi , "", pi . pi pi pi pi pi.1166

K pi pi pi M pi pi pi, pi pipi "" 1911 . ' pi pi pi, pi E, M.

pi pi "" pi pi A. pi pi pi . "" pipi B - .

pi

[ 96 ]

pi, pi pi pi pi , pi pi pi pi pi pi, pi . pi pi K . A K pi pi E.B, pi . pi pi pi pi. pi pi. pi: 1919-20 pi pi pi T. pi pi pi pi , pi. pi pi pi , "pi" pi. pi 1,5 E pi M. pi , pi . ""pi pi pi pi pi. pi "" pi pi pi

pi ;

[ 97 ]

pi .

M, pi. , pipi.

, 1920, pi pipi pi () pi pi pi, K pi pi pi pi . pi pi pi pi pi (1927 ). K.E pi pi 2 E : "Mpi pi K pi pi , pi pi". pi pi pi pi A ( "" 1933, . pi, IV, 3).

pi pi, pi, pi pi . pipi . pi pi

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[ 98 ]

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6 O pi pi pi 5 K, "" pi pi , , " pi". pi "" pi pi "pi" E pi; T

pi ;

[ 99 ]

"" pi pi ;E pi , pi pi pi; M pi pi; K 6 O pi , pi "" pi pi pipi; pi pipi pi ; pi pi pi pipi , pi pi , pi ,pi , pi pi; pi ;pi, X, T pi"pi"; pi pi pi; E pi T pi " ", pi Ipi K K pi pi pi pi IX.

pi pi, pipi pi pi pipi pi , ,pi pi pi , , . pi , pi

pi

[ 100 ]

pi pi pi 1928-1932, pi E pi pi pi pi pi : pi . , .

pi pi pi 1928 , pi pi pi pi.

pi pi , pi pi 1909 , , pi , pi , pi E, pi (..N A). pi pi pi . pi , pi pi, pi pi . K, pi pi M 1932, , (M 1933), pi pi pi, pi pi .

pi ,

pi ;

[ 101 ]

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[ 102 ]

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pi ;

[ 103 ]

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pi

[ 104 ]

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pi "(!) ", pi, pi . , pi pi pi , pi. pi "pi" . pi pi, pi , pi pipi pi pi 1926. pi pi - pipi, -, pi, , pi pi pi pi pi , pi pi pi pi . pi, pi , pi . , pi

pi ;

[ 105 ]

. pi pi.

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[ 106 ]

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pi ;

[ 107 ]

(, ).

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pi

[ 108 ]

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pi ;

[ 109 ]

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[ 110 ]

22..

pi pi pi , pi , , pi pi , . pi pipi pi. . , pi . , pi , pi , 1928 500.000.000 . 35.00.000 . pi pi 1924, 33,4%pi , 43% , 21,7% .pi pi pi . . 1924 "pi" pi pi pi 55% .

pipi . pi (" ", 1930) , pi pi, pi 375.000.000 pi - pipi ( pi ). pi . , . pi pi pi pipi , ,

pi ;

[ 111 ]

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. ( , . 309)pi pi pi , 40 pi pi 1930 pi pipi 5,15% pi , pi ( ) pi pi . pi ,

pi

[ 112 ]

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[ 113 ]

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pi

[ 114 ]

pi . . pi pipi . pi . pi pi pi pi . pi 1923: " pi pi pi " ( ,1928), - , pi pi pi, - pi , pi, , pi pi pi , pi , - pi pi . : " pi pi " ( pi, , " ", 24-4-1933), -"" - , - pi ( ) "pi ", - pi " pi" pi, , pi, 1933-1934.1177

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pi ;

[ 115 ]

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pi pi pi pi , pi pi pi "pi" (pi"pi pi").1188 pi pi pi , pi "" ( 1933). , pi (1918-1919), pi pi. pi . pi pi . pi , pi '

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[ 116 ]

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pi ;

[ 117 ]

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[ 118 ]

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pi ;

[ 119 ]

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pi

[ 120 ]

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pi ;

[ 121 ]

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[ 122 ]

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[ 123 ]

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[ 124 ]

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pi ;

[ 125 ]

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[ 126 ]

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pi ;

[ 127 ]

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[ 128 ]

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[ 129 ]

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[ 130 ]

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[ 131 ]

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[ 132 ]

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[ 133 ]

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[ 134 ]

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[ 135 ]

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[ 136 ]

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pi ;

[ 137 ]

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[ 138 ]

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pi ;

[ 139 ]

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[ 140 ]

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[ 141 ]

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[ 142 ]

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[ 143 ]

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[ 144 ]

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[ 145 ]

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[ 146 ]

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pi ;

[ 147 ]

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[ 148 ]

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pi ;

[ 149 ]

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[ 150 ]

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[ 151 ]

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[ 152 ]

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pi ;

[ 153 ]

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[ 154 ]

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pi ;

[ 155 ]

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[ 156 ]

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pi ;

[ 157 ]

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[ 158 ]

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pi ;

[ 159 ]

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[ 160 ]

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[ 161 ]

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pi

[ 162 ]

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pi ;

[ 163 ]

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pi

[ 164 ]

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[ 165 ]

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[ 166 ]

pi, pi.3311 , , , , ,, pi 2 1/2 pi pi pi. pi , pi pi..." (" pi", " pi", 1924,. 364).

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" pi pi , pi pi, ("...sotto Kerenskie si trattava... semplicemente dello Stato "democraticorivoluzianario"). pi pi pipi , pi pipi pi..., pi pi ' pi ;..".

pi 1917 pi pi ' pi pi "pi " - - ( pi , "pi

pi ;

[ 167 ]

"). pi pi pi.

pi 6 pi ' "pi"pi pi, " " ""! pi pi . pipi " pi", pi ' 1917, pi pi .

) pi

"" pi pi pi pi pi pi pi , , ' , pi pi pi 6 "pi" pi " pipi" ' pi. pi pipipi pi :

, pi 1917, :

" , pi pi. pi' ... pi pi pi pi pi, pi ' ... pi pi

pi

[ 168 ]

pi (. pi - ..). pi pi , pi, pi .pi pi pi pi pi , pi pi"(. . 14, . 2, . 407-408).

"" pi , pipi pi pi pi . 5 1921 pi 3 .., pi:

" , , pi pi pi pi pi . pi pi pi, pi ' pi' , : pi pi pi pipi , pipi, . pi ' pi, pi, pipi pi, , , pi" (. 18,. 1, . 321).

pi pi , pi , pi :

" ,

pi ;

[ 169 ]

, pi pi ... pi pi pi :pi pi, pi ,pi pi pipi ... pipi pi, pi , pi pi... pi pi pi " (. 18, . 1, . 137-138).

pi pi , pi "" ... :

" pi " (" ", pipi 6 ), " pi pipi "! ("",12-11-1926).

pi pi 6 "pi" , ! . pi pi pi pi .

55.. pipi pipi

pi pi , pi

pi

[ 170 ]

1905-1907, pi , pi ' 1908 . pi, pi, , pi pi pi' pi pi pi . pi pi : " pi pi ". pi: pi pi , pi pi pi pi pi . , pipi pi pi pi , pi pi "" . pi pi pipi pi pi . pi pi pipi pi , pi , pi pi pi , pi pi. pi pi pi. pi ' pi, ,, , , pi.

pi

pi ;

[ 171 ]

pi pi ' pi pi "" 1905 " ", pi " pi" pi . pi , pi pi pi pi 1917, , pi "".

pi , pi pi 20 , pi, pi , pi "pi pi" ( 1918, pi):

" pi pi pi , ' pi pipi. pi , pi pi pi pi (wird auf den Kopf gestellt)... ' pi, . pi pi pi pi pi pi pi" ("Internationale", .. , 1925, . 121).

66.. pipi

pi

[ 172 ]

pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi , pi .. , pi pi pi, , pi pipi , pi , pi pi pi , pi pi pi pi pi pi .

" pi pi pi pi pi, pi... pi() pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi , pi pi pi pi. (' ) ' pi , pi pi. pi . pi , (permanence) pi .

pi (pi)

pi ;

[ 173 ]

( ); ' pi pipi pi, pi . pi, pi ( pi , pi ), pi pi. pi . , pi pi pi pi , pi ... pi pi , , pi... pi pi, pi pi. pi pi pi : pi pi ' pi.

() pi, ,pi pi . , pi pi pi pi. pi, pi, pi pi pi: , pi ,pi ()

pi

[ 174 ]

!" (L. Trotski, Die permanente Revolution, BerlinWilmersdorf, 1930, S. 29).

pi ' pi , "6" " " pipi ... , "" , pi pi " " pi pi, pi ; pi pi pi pi pi pi, "pi ", pi pipi pi pi pi pi , ;

pi pi pi; pi pi pi pi pi ;

pi ;

[ 175 ]

..

11.. "" "" 11990055 11991177

"pi "pi "pi pi pi pi. pi pi. pi pi pi, , pipi.

,, pipi 11991177

"pi pi " pi pi pipi ("" pi ) pi pi 1905.

pi pi., , pi pi pipi pi pi .

pi , , , pi

pi

[ 176 ]

pi pi pi pi, pi , pi , pi, pi .

, pi pi , pi pi pi . pi, pi pi , pi . pi pi pi pi, pi pi pi pi "pi" . pi pipi " pi" , pi , , pi ,pi, pi. pi pi 1905. , , pi , pi, pi "" pi pi. pi, pi ,

pi ;

[ 177 ]

(pi) . pi

pi pi pi ' pi pi pi, pi pipi pi pi.

pi , , - "" , pi (3, ) , :

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pi pi, ( pi) : pipi (anverzuglich - ) pi pi, pi pi...

" - pi - "pi ".pi pi pi "pi pi", pi pi ,

pi

[ 178 ]

pi . pi "pi" pi;

" pi , pi , , pi pi pi pi pi , . pi pi , pi pi , pi pi pi pi, pi pi pi " ("pi", . 14, 1905).

pi pi pi pi , pi "": , ' pi . pi pi pi pi . pi , "pi ", pi ' pi "pi pi ".

"" pi ("") , pi pi pi 1905, pi. pi(. IX, 5) pipi .

. , pi ,

pi ;

[ 179 ]

"pi pi": "' pi pi pi, pi ( pi ). pi , pi pi...".

pi pi pi pi 1905 ' pi pi pi, - pi pi 1908 - pi 1917.

1917, pi , pi pipi pi pipi 1905, pi . pi pi pi , pi pi " pi pi".

' pipi pipi pi, pi 1917, pi pi .

, , pi pi pipi pi "", pi pi : pi pi

pi

[ 180 ]

"pi" pi ... , - pi pi pi pi pi . pi. "" pi pi:

" pi pipi , " pi!". pi(!) pi pi pi pi pi (!) pipi pi pi pi ' pi pi. pi"! ("", 9-15 1917, " pi").

" ; pi(!) pi pi pi pi "("", 10 1917).3322

pi " pipi" pi pi 1905 1917: pi pi pi-pi, pi pi. , pi pi 1905 1917 pi pi. pi "

pi ;

[ 181 ]

pi " 1905 - pi pi - pi pipi pi pi pi . ' "" 6 pi pi pi pi pi pi pipi 1917 pi pi (1917-1934) , pi pipi 1905 (" ").

, pi pi, pi pi 1917, pi , pi "pi pi 1905" (pi pi pi pi, IX, 4, ).

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" pi ' ( - - ) pi , "("pi pi ", 12 ). " pi pi pi pi pi pi, pi pi, pi" (8 ).

pi

[ 182 ]

pi pi , (4 pi) pipi - :

" pi pi , pipi pi pi, "pi pi pi". pi pi, pi pi, pi ' pi, ' pi".

pi pi , pi pi pi pi"pi" , pi 6 , pi pi "pi pi" pi 1905, "pi pipi ", "pi pi". pi pi pi, pi , pi "" pi " " 1905, pi .

pi ( 1917) pi "pi ", pi pi pi :

" pi pi pi pi . pi - pi , pi (pi ) pi. pi ,

pi ;

[ 183 ]

pi , ' pi pi, pi pi pi pi , pi pi (), , pi...

pi "pi "pi pi pi pi. pipi pi' pi pi".3333 " , , pi. "pi" pi, . : pi pi pipi pi , . pi : pipi pipi . pi ( -) pi pi pi pi , pi, , pi pi...".

" pi pi pipi pi, pi . pi pi pipipi , ...

pipi -

pi

[ 184 ]

pipi pi pi pi ...

pi. pi pi pi, , ' pipi (modifiziert)" (. 14, . 1. . 28, ..).

"pipi" pi - , , pi - pi pi pi pi, pi , pi pi ,pi pi pi.

pi pi 1917, pi pi pi pi , pi pi pi pipi, pi 13 pi. pi - pi "pi" , pi " pi" pi pi "". pi pi pi ' "", pi pi pipi " " .

. "1905"3344 pi , pi pi pi pi 1905 1917,

pi ;

[ 185 ]

pi pi pi pi pi pi .

1918 pi .. pi pi, pi pi " " pi. 1926 pi pi, , pi pi, pi pi, pi !

pi pi , 1924, pi pi pi pi .., , ' pi pipi pi pi " ". pi .. - pi pi pi pi . " " pi. pi, pi.

pi "" pi pi pi pi, pi

pi

[ 186 ]

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: , pi

1905: "pipi 1917 pi " pi pi pi - 1917. "" " pi pi" ().

- pi - pi 1905, - pipi 1917 pi pi pi . pipi;

1. : pi pi, pi pi ' pi ' . , , "" pi . ' ' . : 1) pipi , pi ( - ), 2) "" -

pi ;

[ 187 ]

pi - pi pi 1917, pi pi pi' pi pi - pi: , pi pi pi pi pi. : " pipi. : ". :"pi pi ". : " pi ". pi , pi pi . Terra incognita .

2. : pi pi pi pi. pi " pi" pi . pi pi "pipipi, pi , pi pi ", "pipipipi, pi pi pi " (, " pi").

pi pi pi pi pi, :

"pi pi "" pi (pi pi ) ,

pi

[ 188 ]

pi: . pi, pi pi , pi pi... ( ) pipi pi pi "" , pi pi "pi pi " (" .. ' pi ").

pi ;

[ 189 ]

22.. "" "" 44 pipi 11992233

" " pi pi .. pi pipi pi pi pipi "" pi pi 1917: pi . pi .. pi , pi pi pi 4 :

" ( ) pi. " ( , .123).

4 ( - 1922), pi' pi pi (1923), , pi pi pi, pi pipi pi pipi (pi, , ,), "" :

" pi ' pi . pi . pi, ... pi pi pi pi, pi pi , , .

pi

[ 190 ]

pi. pi , pi - (hinausbugsieren) pi ,pi "( . ., . 50-51).

pi pi pi . pi pi, pi, pi . pi:

" ( -..) pi pi pi pi pi pi, pi pi , pipi "(. 35).

.. pi ( , ) pi pi ' , pi, ( ) ' pi, pipi 4 pi .

pi .. pi 1923, pi pi pi pi : " !". pi

pi ;

[ 191 ]

.. pi pi pi pi. , , , pi pi , pi . pi "- pi", , . .. , pi . " " pi pi . , pi pi pi pi " ", , pi pi (- 1923), pi , , pipi, , pi pi (). pi pi 1923 pi pi , pi pi. pipipi pi pi .

pi pi pi pi pi "6" "" pi, pi.

pi

[ 192 ]

33.. pipi

) pi 1925-1927

pi 1925-1927. pi pi pipi, pi pi 2 3 .. pi 4 pi "" pi 'pi pi pi .

.. ' pi 1925-1927 : 1) pi pi pi pipi pi , . , pi pi pi, pi pi pi. 2) pi "", pi , pi pi pi, pi pi " ". pi pi pi.

, pi pi, . pi

pi ;

[ 193 ]

pi , pi pi pi pi --. pi pi. pi :

" pi, pi pi " ("", 2-3-1924).

" pipi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi. pi pi pi pi , "(., " ", 1928, . 264).

pi pi "" pi ' pi pi pipi : 1917, pi pi (pi " " pi ;):

" pi , , ' pipi ' pipi pi. pi pi pi , pi , , pi" (. 14, . 1, . 11).

pi

[ 194 ]

pi - pi pi 1905 1918 pi , ' , pi , ! - 7 . .. (1926) pi :

" pi ( --! - ..) pi pi ... pi(;!) pi pi".

, , pi 1926 pi pi pi pi pipi. pi - .. pi , pi pi, "pi pi pi, pi pi pi " (. 17, .275) - pi pi pi pi, pi pi pipi-- 1926, pi pi pi1926, pi pi ,, pi., pi pi pi

pi ;

[ 195 ]

, - , pi pi pi, pi pi. , pi " " ,pi pipi ' pi . pi pipi . pi .. 13 1926, pi pipi .. :3355

" pipi pi pi".

pi , pi. .. pipi pi , 30 1926:

" pi pi , pi , pipi pipi pi pipi pipipi pipi pipi ".

pi pipi pi :

" pipi pi pi

pi

[ 196 ]

pi pipi pi pipi , pi pi . pipi. pi: " !"," !"

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pi, pi "", 21 pi 1927, pipi " pi ".

pi "" , - -, pi "" pi pi. pi 7 .. .. ( 1926), pi pi " pi" pi "" , :

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pi ;

[ 197 ]

, pi pi ".

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pi , , , pipi pi 3366

pipi .. pi pi pi ( 1927),pi pi, pi .

pi pi pi pi. .. pi, pi pi, pi (1923) (1927).

) pi pi ' pi 1928

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pi

[ 198 ]

pi, pi pi , , , , 1928 (6 ), pi , pipi: "' pi pi".

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pi pi pi pi pipi pi pi . ' pi pi pi pi " ". pi pi pi , pipi "pi pi ", pi pi pi pi pi 6 , pi pi pi pi pi pi .

16 :"pi pi

pi ;

[ 199 ]

". , : " pi . pi , pi, pipi".

pi pi pi ' pi: "pipi !pipi pi ". pi pi pi , pi pi pi pi pi' , pi pi. pi ' pi; ;

, 1905 1917 pi pi pi pi , pi pi pi pi pi pi ' . pi . , pi pi , pi " pipi " pi pi pi pi. , pi pi pi , pi pi - . pi ;

pi

[ 200 ]

pi .. "Imprekor" ("Rundschan") pipipi "" pi pi 190.000 (. 38, . . 1932). " "(3-3-31), pi . pi pi pi pi (. 36, 1932). pi . pi pi ,pi pi, pi:

, pi pi , , 20 pipi. 5 . pi -- --, pi 4 .. ( 1932) :

" pi pi , ' . pi , pi pi 4.000 1.000. pi pi . pipi pi pi pi ".

pi pi . pi pi .

pi , pi

pi ;

[ 201 ]

, pi. pi pi pi , pi ( pi "" ) , pi pipi pi pi, " .. pi pi pi : pipipi pi, pi ".

" pi pi' . pi . pi -- ("" pi), pipi pi pi "". pi . 3 4 pi. pi .

pi , pi . pi, , pi pi , pi ...

pi . pi 2/3 pi . pi pipi

pi

[ 202 ]

pi pipi "", pi pi pi.

pi pi pi, pi ' , pi pi" (" ", 3-3-1931).

pi . pi pipi pi , , pi , . pi . pi, . , , , . .. pi, pi , "" pipipi ( --). pi: " !", " !!", . : , pi ' pi , ' , pi pi , pi pi . pi --, pi pi . , , pi pi pi .

pi ;

[ 203 ]

pi pi pi pi pi pi pi. pi pi, pi . pi pi , pi , pi pi. pi pi pipi , pi . , pi pi, , pi pi.

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pi pi , pi pi pi , pi pipi, pi pipi, pi.

, pi 6 .

pi

[ 204 ]

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pi pi 1931 ' , pi 4 .. pipi "". pi pipi pi . pi pi "" . pi : " pi pi" (. 44).

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pi ;

[ 205 ]

pi pipipi. pi pi , pi pi pi pi " pi pi pi' pi " (), pi pi pi, .. pi pi pipi . pi pi pi pi .

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pi pi pi pi pi pi pi 1931. '

pi

[ 206 ]

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[ 207 ]

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pi

[ 208 ]

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pi ;

[ 209 ]

pi , pi pi pi pi . , " pi" , , pi . pi pi : pi pi pi ,pi pi pi pipi : pi pi, pi , pi, pi .

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pi

[ 210 ]

- ..), (., 24-1). " (pi pi "" pi - ..)pipi ... pi pi, , pi,pi ( pi pi pi -..). pi pi pi pi , , ,pi...". ... "' pi pi ()", ("", 25-1, .2).

pi. pi pi pi - pi, pi, pi "pi", - pi "pi", pi pi pi. pipi pi pi pi pi pi pi "","", "pi pi ", , pi , " " "" .

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pi ;

[ 211 ]

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"pi", 25 : "pi pi : pi pi pi pi. - ..., pi pipi , ( pi ) pi pi 3377 (;;) ".

pi pi pi pi ""

pi

[ 212 ]

pi, "pi pi " "" " pi pi" pi. ,, pi ' pi,pi , pi pi , pi ' pi pi pi pi pi pi, pi, pi pi pi. pi 6 , , pi3388 pi pi pi , pi pi pi pi ' pi pi( ).

pi 6 " ". pi pi" ", pi , pi , , pipi pi pi pi pi

pi ;

[ 213 ]

( - 1917). pi pi pi pi, pi pi "". pi , pipi , , , " " , "". pi pi pi pi pi pi , , pi ' "" pipi pi. pi pi pi pi pi pi. " " pi pi, pi pi . 'pi pi.3399 pi pi pi "pi" ,pi ' pi pi pi. pi' , ': pi pi pi pi pi pi pi. pi pi pi pi pi pi "" .

pi

[ 214 ]

pipi pi pi " " pipi pi pi , pi pi pi . pipi "pipi pi pi", - pi, , , pi.

pipi pi pi pi pi " " , pi pi. pipi pi, pi pi (" " pi), pi pi, pi pi pi pi pi . pi pipi pi . pi pi: pi pi ' pi.

pi pi, " pipi pi

pi ;

[ 215 ]

pi pi "(), pi pi 6 . pi pi. , pi pi pi pi pi .4400

pi pi , . pi . pi pi pi pi . pi pi pi pipi 6. , pi pi pi pi pi pi pi pi . pi pi pi pipi pi pi . pi pi pi pi pi pi.

pi pi pi ""pi, pi . pi pi pi pi , , ' pi " " pipi , , " " pi ,

pi

[ 216 ]

, pi pi pi, pi pi , , , pi pi " " pi, , - pi , pi pi ( pi pi pi pipi ):

" pi pi pi pi ' pi, pi , , , () ' pi pi . pi pi pi pi, pi pi pi ": ( , . 7, ).

pi ' pi pi pi, pi pi pi .. , pi pi .

" pi ,

pi ;

[ 217 ]

pipi , ' , ' . , pi (pi ) , : pi, , pi . , pi pi, , pi pi ' pipi . , pipi ... pi pi pi pi pi ".

" , pi pi , pi, pi pi, .pi , pi pi pi. pi , , pi. pi pi pi. pi pi, , pi pi pipi pi , pi, , pi pi ".

pi

[ 218 ]

" pi , pi pi pi pi , pi ' pi , pi: pi, pi pi pi , pi pi , pi pi, pi , pi pi... ' , , pi pi pi. pi, pi pi pi , , , " ( pi ).

" pi pi pi , pi, pi , pi pi pi, pi pi, pi , ' pi pi pi pi, pi, pi".

" pi pi pi , pi pi pi . pi. , pi pi , pi pi " pi ".

pi ;

[ 219 ]

" pi ( pi -..) pi, pipi , pi pi (pi, ,, pi), pi pi , pi, pipi pi: pi . pi pi pi """.

(. , pi 1919 - - - - : pi - pi pi pi).

pi pi pi pi pi "", pi pi .

pi pi pi pipi pi , pi pi pi. , pi pipi pi ""pipi pi. principe pi

pi

[ 220 ]

pi, pi pi " pi pi" "". pi pi pipi, " "pi pi pi . pi pi , pi pi , , pi pi pi pi pi . pi!...

pi: "pi" pi "pi

pi " 6 pipi "" "" . pi pi pi pi . pipi pi ' pi. "" "pi" pi pi pi . pi , pi . pi pi pi , pi pi

pi ;

[ 221 ]

pi pi pi pi . pi ' , pipi , pi .

, pi pi 6 , pi pi pi pi pi pi 6 ..:

" pi pi, , pi ' . pi pi pi pi pi, pi " (L. Trotsky, L' Internationale Communiste apresLenine, Paris 1930, p. 116).

pi pi, pi 6 .. , pi pi, pi . ' pi pi "" .

pi

[ 222 ]

XXIIII.. (( pipi pipi ))

' pi pi pi.

, pi , pi. pi pi . pi . pi pi pi pipi ' pi ""pi pi pi, ' pi . pi pi pi pi pi , pi pi pi pi .

1. pi pi

pi ;

[ 223 ]

, , pi - pi , , . pi pi , pi - pi pi.

2. pi pipi, pi. , , pi pi pi pi , , pi , ' pi pi pi pi.

3. , . . pi , , pi , pi, ' ' pi pi .pi pi pi .

4. pi ' pi. pi pi. pi pi pipi ' pi pi

pi

[ 224 ]

pi . , pi, , . pi pi .pi pi , , , , pi, pi pi pi ' pi pi pi , , pi pi pi pi pi pi, pi, , . pi , , .. , , , , pi. pi .

5. , pi, , , pi pi. pi pi , , pi pipi pi. pi pi pi pi ( pi, pi,pi.) pi, , pi pi pi pi

pi ;

[ 225 ]

, pi ' pi pipi pi.

6. pipi pi , , pi, , pi, , pi, . pi pi . pi pi pipi .

7. pi. , , , pi. ' , , pi. pi pi pi ,pi pi , pi pi , pi , pi.

8. pi pi, . pi pi pi pi pi, pi pi pi, pi . ,pi pi pi 17 (pi pi ). pipi

pi

[ 226 ]

. pi pi pi pi 17 pi pi, pi . pi . pi pi pi pi pi pi, pi.

9. pi pi pi , pi pi, pi,, pi pi .

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) pipi ,

) pi pi, pi , , pi pi pi pi pi pi.

) pipi pi . pi pi pi.

) pi pi pi, pi , pi , pipi, , pi. pi

pi ;

[ 227 ]

, pi . ' pi pipi pi pi .

11. pi, pi pi pi pi:

) pi pipi. pi . 1917 pi pi pi pi pi . pi pi , ' pi pi , pipi pi pi.

) pi pi pi pi . pi pipi pi . pi pi pi. pi pi , pipi pi pi , . pi pi pi pi, , pi pi . pi pi pi 1917.

pi

[ 228 ]

pi ' pi pi pi pi . pi pipi pi pi, pi. ' pi . pipi , pi, pi, , pipipi pi pipi pi pi pi.

) , pi pi . pi pi pi , pi,pi pipi pi pi , pi, , pi pi. pi pi pi.4411 ' pi pi pi, pi"pi" pi pipi pi pi, pi pi pi.