REVIEW 2015, 32(2):167-174ARCHIVES OF HELLENIC MEDICINE 2015, 32(2):167-174

The bola hemorrhagic fever outbreak in West Africa: A new threat?

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ABSTRACT

The bola hemorrhagic fever outbreak in West Africa: A new threat?

A. DILINTAS,1 G. SEVASTAKI2

1Sitia General Hospital, Sitia, Crete, 2Venizeleio General Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece

Archives of Hellenic Medicine 2015, 32(2):167174

Since February 2014, West Africa has been experiencing the most extensive and deadly outbreak of hemorrhagic fe-

ver caused by Ebola recorded during recent decades. Although the number of deaths pale in comparison with the

burden caused by malnutrition or other infectious disease scourges in Africa (such as AIDS, malaria, cholera and tu-

berculosis), because of the extremely high lethality and the specific symptoms of the hemorrhagic fever caused by

Ebola virus, it has given rise to great interest among the international scientific community. TheEbolaand Marburg

viruses are the sole members of the Filoviridae family of viruses. They are the largest of the RNA viruses, character-

ized by a long filamentous form that is unique, and they are among the most virulent pathogens currently known to

infect humans. They cause severe outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever, associated with very high mortality, ranging from

5090%. The natural history and epidemiology of Ebola still has many unknown aspects. Fruit bats are considered

to be potential reservoir species of the Ebola virus in West Africa. Humans become infected through contact with in-

fected animals (live and dead). Human-to-human transmission is associated with close contact with the blood, se-

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EBOLA 173

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Corresponding author:

A. Dilintas, Sitia General Hospital, 36 G. Gennimata street, GR-

713 05 Heraklion, Crete, Greece

e-mail: antdilint@sch.gr

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