Edgar Garcia Manzanilla Pig Development Department

SESSION 2. Animal production without antibiotics. Where are we?

Antimicrobial resistance origin

Resistance genes to β-lactams, tetracyclins and glicopeptides found in bacterial DNA >30.000 years old

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

86 90 95 97 2000 2005

Year

Percent resistant

Approval for humans

Approval for chickens

FDA removes approval

0%

Sentinel CDC starts vigilance

AMR: Fluoroquinolones and campylobacter

Antimicrobial resistance in animals

The PCU concept (Population Correction Unit) vs total sales

Estimated PCU per country, 2009 Sales (Tn active ingredient), 2009

Antimicrobial use: EU – Measurement Units

mg of antimicrobials / kg biomass of pig, poultry and beef meat, 2007

Antimicrobial use: EU – Types of antimicrobials

369,7

294,4

211,5 175,2 161,2

113,9 119,9 117

0

100

200

300

400

Antimicrobial use: current EU sales for livestock

mg/PCU

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Ganancia, g/d Duración, d

ADG and length of growing period depending on the treatment methods

Pienso Agua + Pienso Agua + Pienso + Parenteral

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

up to 2 more than 2

Feed Feed Water

Feed Water Inject

% Mortality by number of treatments and method

Antimicrobials use: Why are they used?

Digestive

Respiratory

Vaccine

Initiatives

The European Innovation Partnership 'Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability‘ Focus Group Animal husbandry

• Europe 2020 Strategy: Crucial role of research and innovation in preparing the EU for the future

• European Innovation Partnerships (EIP) as a new tool for fostering innovation

• Budget for Europe 2020: foresees 4.5 billion Euros for research and innovation in the field of food security, bio-economy and sustainable agriculture

• CAP reform: innovation a key role

Context

Societal Challenges Industry ERC

EIPs

General Principles

The EIP shall provide challenge-driven solutions based on:

– interlinking existing innovation-related measures and initiatives

– facilitating communication among stakeholders and creating workable links between science and practice

Farmers

NGOs

Advisors

Researchers

Agri- business

Operational Group

Key Acting Entities Within the EIP - Operational Groups

OG are teams composed of those actors relevant for the project working together in an innovation project and producing concrete results OG are not stakeholder networks or boards, thematic coordination groups or discussion groups What kind of projects can OGs work with? -New grouping, new project √ -Existing grouping, new project √ -Existing grouping, existing project X Must contribute to Rural Development priorities

EIP Network

NW NW

NW

Focus group

Focus group

Focus group

Focus group

Focus group

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG OG

OG OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

OG

Workshop

Workshop

Workshop

Seminar

Seminar

Seminar

EIP-AGRI

? Genetic resources Soil organic matter Integrated pest management HNV farming Precision farming Permanent grassland Horticulture fertiliser efficiency

1 3 3

3

3

1

1 1 1

1 2

Focus Groups consist of (up to 20) experts with concrete project experience who share knowledge and develop a series of tangible deliverables (reports, fact sheets etc.)

Focus Groups – Animal husbandry

What should the FG deliver?

• What innovation is needed? • What best practices are available? • Which areas need further research?

• Think of existing operational groups and ideas • Identify projects, initiatives and institutions

October 2013. First meeting…February 2014. Second meeting May 2014. Preliminary report…June 2014. Final report DISCUSSION BLOCKS:

1. ATTITUDES, INFORMATION AND HUMAN BEHAVIOUR 2. GENERAL ENHANCEMENT OF ANIMAL HEALTH AND WELFARE 3. SPECIFIC ALTERNATIVES TO ANTIBIOTICS

COMMON POINTS -NEED FOR A HIGHER USE OF PRECISION LIVESTOCK FARMING -ECONOMIC EVALUATION IS NEEDED AT ALL LEVELS

Focus group – Results

1.Attitudes, information and human behaviour

• Comparable Benchmarking Systems • Economical evaluation • Problem Solving Groups • Consulting Boards for the Producer • Veterinary education • “Burning Platform” and “Clear Roadmap”

Danish risk management strategies on AMR - VetStat and the Yellow card

Restriction vs Education

Yellow Card 9 mth.

Increased Supervision 5 mth.

Above

Pig farm with Health Consultancy Contract

Monitoring phase 12 months after reduction

Databased selection, contact of farmer and

confirmation

Second Opinion from other vet

Below

Red Card Until consumption is

below threshold Above

Below

Monitoring phase 12 months after reduction

12 mth. 12 mth.

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

11000

12000

Kg

aktiv

sto

f

2009 -10%

Restriction vs Education

Danish use of antimicrobials in swine

Restriction vs Education

Netherlands use of antimicrobials in swine

Restriction vs Education

2.General enhancement of animal health & welfare

• Biosecurity (Internal and external) Biosecurity scoring systems

• Management & Husbandry Husbandry and buildings: Limitation of the spread of pathogens and

susceptibility of animals for infection. Herd health management: Constant production rhythm, guidelines for farrowing

and newborn-piglet-management, and diseased and weak pigs, reduction of stressors as re-grouping, mixing, transport, turnover, vaccination programes.

Management practices: Lactations longer than 28, lactation estrus Manure management: Housing systems, manure organization via separate

functional areas Environmental enrichment: Provision of organic and inorganic material Transport

• Elimination of specific pathogens

Biosecurity

Facilities and Management

3.Specific alternatives to antibiotics

• Vaccination

• Zinc: Pharmacological levels of zinc oxide (ZnO) • Prebiotics: β-glucan, XOS, GOS, IMOS, TOS, FOS,

MOS, COS • Probiotics and management of the microbiota on pig

farms • Plant extracts

• Breeding for disease resistance

Thank you for your attention