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Learning ElectronicsThe Practical Way

BBox 1

(Discrete Components)

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Bits N Blobs Electronics

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330Ω , 5%

4.7KΩ , 10%

100KΩ , 5%

1st - 2nd - Multiplier - Tolerance

1st - 2nd - Multiplier - Tolerance

1st - 2nd - 3rd - Multiplier - Tolerance

0

1

2

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

1st

Digit

0

1

2

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2nd

Digit

0

1

2

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

3rd

Digit

1

10

100

10M

1M

100K

10K

1K

0.01

0.1

Multiplier

1

1

2

0.1

0.25

0.5

10

5

Tolerance

0.05

Silver

Gold

Black

Brown

Red

Orange

Yellow

Green

Blue

Violet

Grey

White

Resistor

Colour

Code

Electronics For Everyone |3

Contents

# PROJECT PAGE

P1 Basic LED Circuit 4

P2 Basic Potentiometer Circuit 6

P3 Basic Transistor Circuit 8

P4 LED OFF Time Extender 10

P5 LED Fade Circuit 12

P6 LED Multivibrator Circuit 14

P7 Night Light Circuit (LDR) 16

P8 Motion Detector Circuit 18

P9 Voltage Detector Circuit 20

P10 IR Intruder Alarm 22

P11 Motion Activated Relay 24

P12 Water Detector 26

# PROJECT PAGE

P13 Water Level Indicator 28

P14 Soil Moisture Detector 30

P15 Touch Switch 32

P16 Touch Alarm/Doorbell 34

P17 Clap Switch 36

P18 Transistor Siren 38

P19 Bi-stable LED Circuit 40

P20 Heat Detector 42

P21 DC Motor Speed Control 44

P22 Steady Hand Game (Buzzer) 46

P23 Basic Logic Gates 48

P24 Universal Logic Gates 50

www.BnBe.club/BBox1Visit the following link for an overview:

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P1: Basic LED Circuit

Description: We start by building a simple circuit that lights up an LED. Learn about cur-rent limiting resistors and LEDs.

Electronics For Everyone |5

P1: Basic LED Circuit

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Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

6 | www.BnBe.club

P2: Basic Potentiometer Circuit

Description: We learn about potentiometers and voltage dividers in this circuit, and we use a trimmer potentiometer (or trimpot) to vary the LED brightness.

Electronics For Everyone |7 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p2

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P2: Basic Potentiometer Circuit

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P3: Basic Transistor Circuit

Description: Learn how to use a NPN transistor as a switch. We use skin resistance to switch on an LED.

Electronics For Everyone |9 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p3

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P3: Basic Transistor Circuit

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P4: LED OFF Time Extender Circuit

Description: Add a delay to the LED OFF time using a capacitor. Learn about capacitor charging/discharging and also learn how to use PNP transistors.

Electronics For Everyone|11 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p4

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P4: LED OFF Time Extender Circuit

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P5: LED Fade Circuit

Description: Add a fade-in/fade-out effect to an LED using a resistor-capacitor (RC) cir-cuit.

Electronics For Everyone|13 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p5

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P5: LED Fade Circuit

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P6: LED Multivibrator Circuit

Description: Build an LED flasher circuit that toggles two LEDs. Learn about astable multi-vibrators.

Electronics For Everyone|15 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p6

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P6: LED Multivibrator Circuit

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P7: Night Light Circuit (LDR)

Description: Build a simple night light circuit that can detect ambient light and switch ON an LED. Learn about Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs).

Electronics For Everyone|17 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p7

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P7: Night Light Circuit (LDR)

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P8: Motion Detector Circuit (PIR)

Description: In this circuit, we activate an LED when motion is detected. Learn about Passive Infrared Sensors (PIRs)

Top View

Electronics For Everyone|19 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p8

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P8: Motion Detector Circuit (PIR)

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P9: Voltage Detector Circuit

Description: Use this circuit to determine the presence of alternating current in a wire. It uses a high gain amplifier to detect ambient noise.

(coiled wire)

Electronics For Everyone|21 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p9

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P9: Voltage Detector Circuit

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P10: IR Intruder Alarm

Description: This circuit allows you to detect when someone breaks an invisble infrared beam. This principle can be used to create an invisible intruder alarm. Learn about IR LEDs and photo-transistors.

SFH309

PT

IR

Electronics For Everyone|23 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p10

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P10: IR Intruder Alarm

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P11: Motion Activated Alarm (Relay)

Description: We extend the motion sensing example to trigger a relay. This can be used to power external circuitry and build a series of night lights.

Top View

Electronics For Everyone|25 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p11

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P11: Motion Activated Alarm (Relay)

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P12: Water Detector

Description: This circuit can detect be used to detect water (or extremely humid environ-ments). It can also be used as a tilt detector.

Electronics For Everyone|27 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p12

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P12: Water Detector

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P13: Water Level Indicator

Description: Monitor the water in a storage tank using this simple circuit. It uses the same concept as the last project.

Electronics For Everyone|29 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p13

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P13: Water Level Indicator

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P14: Soil Moisture Detector

Description: Let this circuit remind you to water your plants. Learn how to use different resistor values to detect different levels/thresholds.

Electronics For Everyone|31 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p14

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P14: Soil Moisture Detector

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P15: Touch Switch

Description: Build a simple touch switch. A small delay circuit has been added which ena-bles the output to be used as an input to another circuit.

Electronics For Everyone|33 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p15

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P15: Touch Switch

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P16: Touch Alarm/Doorbell

Description: Build a simple touch alarm that uses a single touch point that can be used as a doorbell.

Electronics For Everyone|35 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p16

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P16: Touch Alarm/Doorbell

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P17: Clap Switch

Description: The circuit detects a clap and lights up the LED. A microphone is used to detect a sudden change in sound level.

Electronics For Everyone|37 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p17

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P17: Clap Switch

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P18: Transistor Siren

Description: We build a switch operated transistor siren that uses the capacitor charging principle.

Electronics For Everyone|39 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p18

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P18: Transistor Siren

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P19: Bi-stable LED Circuit

Description: Build a bistable LED circuit. Pressing S1 turns OFF LED1 and switches ON LED2. The opposite happens when S2 is pressed.

Electronics For Everyone|41 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p19

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P19: Bi-stable LED Circuit

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P20: Heat Detector

Description: Learn about thermistors and build a crude fire detector. It detects the change in temperature and turns ON an LED.

Electronics For Everyone|43 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p20

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P20: Heat Detector

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P21: DC Motor Speed Control

Description: Learn how to control the speed of a DC motor using this simple circuit.

Electronics For Everyone|45 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p21

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P21: DC Motor Speed Control

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P22: Steady Hand Game (Buzzer)

Description: Use a buzzer to create a fun game that can be used to determine if you or your friend has a steady hand. Watch the video to learn more.

Electronics For Everyone|47 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p22

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P22: Steady Hand Game (Buzzer)

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P23: Basic Logic Gates (NOT, OR, AND)

Description: Almost there! Learn about logic gates and get one step closer to moving on to BBox 2.

Electronics For Everyone|49 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p23

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P23: Basic Logic Gates (NOT, OR, AND)

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P24: Universal Logic Gates (NOR, NAND)

Description: Learn about the universal logic gates that make up all the electronics you use everyday. Congratulations! You can now move on to BBox2.

Electronics For Everyone|51 www.BnBe.club/BBox1/p24

Learn how the circuit works along with related information by visiting the following link:

P24: Universal Logic Gates (NOR, NAND)

Electronics For Everyone

We’re currently building #BnBe - a platform to help teach electronics no matter what the age or skill level.

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