SWEDE 2008
ERCOT Power FactorCompliance/Non-Compliance
LOU WHITE, P.E.
ERCOT Power Factor Compliance/Non-Compliance
kVAkWfp )cos(..
222 kVARkWkVA
kW
kVARkVA
θRIkWLosses2
ERCOT Power Factor Compliance/Non-Compliance
FY 2006-2010 TSIP
Reduction in kVAR (lagging)Increase system power factorDecrease system currentIncrease system voltage Decrease system kW losses
ERCOT Power Factor Compliance/Non-Compliance
Power Factor Improvement CAPACITOR BANK ADDITIONS FEEDER RECONFIGURATIONS FEEDER RECONDUCTOR FEEDER ADDITIONS NEW SOURCE (SUBSTATION) DISTRIBUTED GENERATION
(COST EFFECTIVE)
ERCOT Power Factor Compliance/Non-Compliance
Distribution Power Factor Improvement
Distribution System Advantages Power Factor Improvement Voltage Support Conductor Load Reduction kW Loss Reduction (= $$$)
ERCOT Power Factor Compliance/Non-Compliance
Distribution Power Factor Improvement
Transmission System Advantages Defer Transmission System Improvement Projects Greater Emergency Reactive Generation Margins Better Economical Solution at Distribution Level Established Minimum Standards for DSPs
ERCOT Power Factor Compliance/Non-Compliance
ERCOT VOLTAGE AND REACTIVE REQUIREMENTS AND COMPLIANCE MONITORING
TDSP REQUIREMENT• Sufficient static reactive power capability shall be installed by a DSP in
substations and on the distribution voltage system to maintain at least a 0.97lagging power factor for the maximum net active power supplied from a substation transformer at its distribution voltage terminals to the distributionvoltage system. For any substation transformer serving multiple DSPs, thispower factor requirement shall be applied to each DSP individually for its portion of the total load served.
ROS Reactive Standard 04-09-03 as approved.doc
ERCOT Power Factor Compliance/Non-Compliance
TRE Enforcement of Reactive Requirements
Initial Violation• Concern/Complaint ISO/RTO driven• Violation posted on TRE website• Letter of Violation sent to DSP and PUC• DSP to provide Plan to Correct Violation
Continued Violation• PUC Letter of Violation sent to DSP and/or Fine
ERCOT Power Factor Compliance/Non-Compliance
TRE Considerations for Compliance History of Compliance Future System Planning Project Scheduling
ERCOT Power Factor Compliance/Non-Compliance
ERCOT Annual Load Data Request (ALDR) LCRA currently files on behalf of 41 customers Load Data includes delivery point kW & p.f. for:
• Current Year Winter & Summer NCP• Future Years (1-6) Winter & Summer NCP• ERCOT Current Year Winter & Summer CP• ERCOT Current Year Coincident Minimum
Load Data is reflected to PWT high-side for use in ERCOT load flow cases
ERCOT Power Factor Compliance/Non-Compliance
ERCOT VOLTAGE AND REACTIVE REQUIREMENTS AND COMPLIANCE MONITORING
TDSP REQUIREMENT• Sufficient static reactive power capability shall be installed by a DSP in
substations and on the distribution voltage system to maintain at least a 0.97 lagging power factor for the maximum net active power supplied from a substation transformer at its distribution voltage terminals to the distribution voltage system. For any substation transformer serving multiple DSPs, this power factor requirement shall be applied to each DSP individually for its portion of the total load served.
ROS Reactive Standard 04-09-03 as approved.doc
ERCOT Power Factor Compliance/Non-Compliance
Load Forecast
Performed annually
Includes historical kW and power factors
ERCOT Power Factor Compliance/Non-Compliance
Support Your Power Factor Monitor Delivery Point Data System Maintenance/Inspections
Questions ?
ERCOT Power Factor Compliance/Non-Compliance
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