4kW Synchronous

Machine

Γ,Ω

ifmcc

DC Machine

ifms

Limit of the micro-grid

450W 3-phases

baseload

E-boxE-boxE-box

x5

25W 25W 25W

Coordination

agent

mechanical

transmission

49.4 49.5 49.6 49.7 49.8 49.9 50 50.1 50.260

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150Expected and Obtained droop curve. Regulation Slope:4 W/mHz

Frequency (in Hz)

Pow

er o

f th

e di

spat

chab

le lo

ads

(in

W)

-130 -110 -90 -70 -50 -30 -10 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 1500

1

2

3

4

5Frequency Deviation to Regulation stages. Regulation Slope:4 W/mHz

Deviation range, per step of_20 mHz

Dev

iatio

n oc

cura

nce

per

devi

atio

n ra

nge

(in

%)

Values out of bounds:15.8%

Deviation lower than theEnergy-box frequencyprecision (+/-10mHz)

Demonstration feed-back on reduced scale µnetwork

• The magnitude of steady-state microgridfrequency deviations are reduced by thedemand-based regulation introduced.

• The sudden frequency-drop tests demonstratethe energy-boxes ability to handle the frequencydroop: both frequency drop delays ∆Td andmagnitude ∆Fd are reduced by the regulationscheme.

• The approached droop curve is well respected indemonstration (≈ 84.2%)

Domestic Demand Response for Primary Control SupportG. Lebel1, K. Kuypers1, R. Caire1 & N. HadjSaid1

S. Bediou² & A. Glatigny²

1Univ. Grenoble Alpes, G2Elab, F-38000 Grenoble, France / CNRS, G2Elab, F-38000 Grenoble, France

²Energy Division, Schneider Electric Industries F-38000 Grenoble, France

Presentation of the frequency regulation platform and the field test

CIGRE International Colloquium Lightning & Power Systems - INSA de Lyon – 2014, may 13rd

Benefit of the regulation for the microgrid’s frequency stabilization in steady-state operation

Concept

Grenoble Electrical Engineering Laboratory hasdeveloped, in collaboration with Schneider Electrican agent-based platform to perform fast load-shedding of domestic loads.

The shedding strategy designed enables toreproduce on the demand side, thanks to adomestic energy box, the frequency droop pattern,that a bulk power unit applies to provide PrimaryControl margins to the Transmission SystemOperator.

Such service could replace part of the conventionalPrimary Control means or be used by the DSO as asubstitute of their emergency load-shedding tool.

Micro-grid response to a major outage, with and without Demand Response – based regulation

Contractual and obtained droop curve. Deviation to the droop curve

KEY WORDS

VIRTUAL POWER PLANT, DEMAND RESPONSE, ANCILLARY SERVICES, DISTRIBUTED FREQUENCY CONTROL, CUSTOMER ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

49.4

49.5

49.6

49.7

49.8

49.9

50

50.1Response of the test bench face to a sudden loading on the system

Time (in s)

Freq

uenc

y (i

n H

z)

∆TdON

∆TdOFF

∆FdON

∆RdON

∆FdOFF

∆RdOFF

Demonstration Results

Data AnalysisWith

Regulation (ON)

Without Regulation

(OFF)

Number of tests 15 12

Frequency drop ∆Fd

observed on the field test (in mHz)

Mean Drop 455 547Max Drop 514 584Min Drop 307 492

Standard Dev. 50 29

Rebound effect ∆Rd

observed after the gap (in mHz)

Mean Rebound 72 81Max Rebound 118 115Min Rebound 12 54

Standard Dev. 28 17

Frequency drop delay observed ∆Td

(Sampling period: 260ms)

Number of occurance785ms 11 21045ms 3 81310ms 1 2

Mean Delay 872ms 1046ms

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

49.8

49.9

50

50.1

50.2Field Test Frequency and dispatchable power over the time

Time (in min)

Freq

uenc

y (i

n H

z)

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

60708090

100110120130140150160170180

Time (in min)

Pow

er (

in W

)

-180-160-140-120-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2000

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20Frequency Deviation to the mean frequency. Regulation slope:1.35 W/mHz

Deviation range, per step of_10 mHz

Dev

iatio

n oc

cura

nce

per

devi

atio

n ra

nge

(in

%)

Without RegulationWith Regulation

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

49.8

49.9

50

50.1

50.2Field Test Frequency and dispatchable power over the time

Time (in min)

Freq

uenc

y (i

n H

z)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

405060708090

100110120130140150160170180

Time (in min)

Pow

er (

in W

)

Points out of bounds