Hydroponic Reactors
Eco-Boulevard
Constructed Wetlands
“Living Machine” Wastewater Treatment
Cistern
UV DisinfectionClarifier
Overflow
Nano 0.001μ
UV Disinfection
Toilets, landscaping, other outdoor
use
Micro-filtration
PretreatmentMicrobial Fuel Cells
Hydroponic Reactors
Eco-Boulevard
Constructed Wetlands
“Living Machine” Wastewater Treatment
Cistern
Decentralized UV
Disinfection
UV Disinfection
Lake Michiga
n
Membrane Filtration Drinking Water Treatment
Dual Water System
Ultra 0.01μ
Micro 0.1μ
Coarse 1.0 μ
Clarifier
Overflow
Recirculation
Storm turbidity
Water to Water: Reengineering the Water to Water: Reengineering the ““NatureNature”” of Chicago of Chicago’’s Water Cycle for 2107s Water Cycle for 2107
Faucets, showers,
dishwashers, washing
machines
Green Roofs
• Water recovery & reuse (dual H2O System)
• Energy recovery (MFCs)• Resource recovery
(hydroponics)• Renewable energy (wetlands,
green roofs)
Energy BenefitsEnergy Benefits
Closing the LoopClosing the Loop
2007:• Chicago withdraws
2.1 BG/day out of Lake Michigan
• TARP (Deep Tunnel) System increases capacity of current system – 18 BG
2107:• Innovative water
system allows safe closure of loop
• Storm water management & better design = no need for TARP
Food
Biogas (CH4)
Liquid Biofuels
Heat (thermal energy)
Used Water
HydroponicsUrban
AgricultureWetlandsBiomass
Municipal Waste
Lignocellulosic Materials
Water + Nutrients
Biomass
Food Production Waste
Used Water
Urban Biorefiner
y
Platform Chemicals
Combined Heat & Power
Aquaponics
FoodFood
Energy-Water-Waste-Material/Food Cycle
Feasible at what Scale & Econ. Conditions ?
Organic Municipal
Waste
Lignocellulosic Material
IntermediateFeedstock
Product
Water +
Nutrients
Liquid Biofuels
Platform Chemicals
CelluloseHemicellulose
Acidogenesis
MEC
AD
Used Water
MES
Separation
Lignin
Heat (Thermal Energy)
Carboxylates
Oxidative Depolymerizatio
n
Enzymatic Treatment/ Fermentatio
n
H2O2
Separation/purification
Biogas (CH4)
Aromatics
Chemo-Catalysis
Biorefinery
CarbohydratesEthanol
Split Point
NYC & Climate Readiness• NYC has 520 miles of coastline• Storm surge of Sandy – 17’• According to a team of experts in New York, coastal waters are expected to rise some six inches per decade, rising at
least two feet by the middle of the century,• Armor city & find Extreme Engineering solution - Sea walls as in Netherlands and Venice - $10B• Resilience strategy – “soften” shoreline, restore marshes• Difficult to muster support when benefits seem distant and uncertain - Will Sandy change this attitude?
http://rendezvous.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/11/05/how-cities-plan-to-keep-the-sea-at-bay-in-an-age-of-climate-change/?ref=hurricanesandtropicalstorms
Rising Currents - ARO
Missed Opportunity
http://www.salon.com/2014/05/11/the_golden_opportunity_our_cities_are_missing/?source=newsletter
• Hollow blocks – in NYC 60% of 3000 city blocks hollow (housing grouped around empty middle space); 1.5 acres
• Parks, gardens, wild patches (biodiversity), stormwater
Building with Nature
• To Control Floods, The Dutch Turn to Nature for Inspiration – ADAPTATION
• Sand Engine Project - a 28 million-cubic-yard heap of sand along the coast of Holland that will be rearranged by ocean currents and fortify a 12-mile buffer to protect the coastline
• "Smart Dike" -embedded sensors that relay real-time status reports on the condition of the dike to decision makers. Early notice of a developing problem could give officials time to make repairs or enable residents to evacuate in advance
http://e360.yale.edu/feature/to_control_floods_the_dutch_turn_to_nature_for_inspiration/2621/
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia• Ulaanbaatar’s air pollution comes from many sources: – dust from the desert, unpaved roads and open soil surfaces, lack of
vegetation, ash and emissions from coal stoves, power plants,
boilers, and vehicles…
- coal and wood burning by the 175,000 households in ger areas for cooking and heating
- severe wintertime problem – summer air pollution much less
• How to reduce air pollution in capital city?
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/12/15633946/air-quality-analysis-ulaanbaatar-improving-air-quality-reduce-health-impacts-vol-1-2-main-report
Ecologically Sound City:
• All sustainability is local (landscape, resources, heritage, etc.)
• Greater reliance on nature–functional green space
• Rediscovery of old, passive strategies
• Technologies in place, but need to be more efficient, miniaturized, integrated / coupled
and adapted to renewable energy sources & smart systems, bio-inspired
• Metrics – need to way to measure & compare sustainable options (0000ll
Capitalize on principles of ecological cycling
Solaire Building, Battery Park
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