iOO ]ICA is undertaking post-conflict peacebui1ding and reconstruction globally.
l蜘
-Pale璽1.1.
F∞u陪inge符ortson納ereconstruction ofωonomic
infrastructure and human resource development
From 1091, civil war continu凶 lorover 10 years until
the disarmament and c伺 se-lire01 J田 U副y2002.
Pov酎1y,i回泊lionolthe山市I∞mmunity割、dyouth
un町nployrγ暗ntetc., are l'TlaJorねcto陪 01the conllict. Developm朋 lpart同市 町ewo欣ingtoge廿噌runder廿唱
collab町a世vefr副官臥N四1<01廿喝 UnitedNa首ons
Inleg惜 t凶 Pe部 ebuildingof恥einS陪rraL,即時
(lJNIPSIL) 10 help pt'・vent廿暗r民 urrenceol∞nflict.JICA assisled in the reconstruction 01目XlOOITlicar叫
担問alir前田tructurein the me甘opoIit田町ea, including
PD'O¥唐制附y;c1evelopment 01恥aIin骨田飢JCture,agriculture, wat宮町、d陥aI廿lCarein the nor由emstat田
川leO'e廿leO'ew国。0I'lSId倒b恰d町、司J9from廿唱civi
W百:却、dhurr官、r8SOUf四d尉剖ゆment首1CIud町 廿 暗
甘aining01 PUI対応 田町富市.Through廿暗曽eft,四1sJIC泊
W揖温コje10 contnb.此elo廿噌es岨おhm宮市tof四 割 高
d割叫opn噛川町、dr'軒河内説ruct町、。f廿晦日)ufl甘y.
.Ropubl・cofS崎 町'ale。帥.τ袖胸、駅。m向抑留同副首tbuittWI由
世田a均等!an白d世田,Japat官蝿00晴 間閣 内t
M毎同司latlCO剖百而副首由創刊師、E
田尚ngas回咽町四y.・脚・.・・‘目,、.、.~
Achieving peace
through the development of Jordan V剖ley
In July 2006, Ihe Japanese governmenl
proposed an iniliative,“刊1eCorridor lor
Peace and Prosperity" to be realized
through the development 01 Jord印 Valley
in the West Bank. JICA h田 alsobeen
assisting in the development 01 the Jericho
reglon Sln四 2∞5,supporting the Palestine Au白ority'seftorts to enhance its
admlnis甘ativecapacity and gain部。nomic
independ軒間.Animpo巾 ntpart of this is
出eplanned development 01 a pro臼詰Slng
comp胤 lorag問 U加国1pr'剖 ucts,wh帥
糊 11th伺 serve田 abase 1町廿官
d陪tn臥rtionof ag目印加問1pt'oducts. Jap剖
hasb偶 npr開田ting∞n百dencebui細川9
am町、9relevant par世間 bypro由dingspa僧
f町 adialog四国加時nPalestine, Israel and Jordan.
/「、
Establishing peace and achieving economic grow泊
In昔、ecivilw宮廿祖t防憤@臥且 in1993 loIlowWlg 廿唱畠S担割問t町、d廿閣府国同開tM噛::t官官
Nda<担ye,a市 3∞.αM日開P悟W腕時期tωIylol凶町WOU'1dedbef,闘世暗闇持臨時of2006.
In the post・civilwar recons北:ructi伺,JねAhas
以割、阿抑制勾釦同町t廿vough廿晦
developrn制 t01 1m間P町tat町1inlrastructure ar叫
陥 althcarepersonr噸, anda除。 ind田匂ning
d卸eIOPt'判明tp陥崎町 ar匝時W首hlargenum協同
。f陪 palrialingrefuge闘面、dintemally displa田 d
m却 le(IOP), thereby end伺 V∞ngto achieve
凶,thcon田 lidationol開制渇面、dpromotion 01 ec伺叫判ICactivllies
Boosting economic growth through
infrastructure development and
advancements in agricul仙re
A1though Ihe 1994 9宙耳障ide旧国idto have
resulted in Ihe d回 ths01 up to one million
people, Rwanda has achieved one of the h相hesteconomic growth則自inthe East
Afr悶 nregion in r,邸側1years as a r田 ultof
vigorous 阿国onstruct同nefforts. JICA has been
providing suppo内Ihroughdevelopment 01
transpo同alionand power-supply infrastructure
to boosl economic growth, and advancements in agriculture, Ihe counlry's key industry, in
addition 10 human resource development lor
reconslruction Ihrough Ihe vocational廿alOlng
of former soldiers, and pove代yreduction
through 山 崎1development.
.Ropubl・C01 Bl,lrundi: The Project 10r Stren自theningCapacities 01 Prince Re自onlCharles Hospital and Public HeD.lth Centers in Bujumbura City for 畑、provement01 Mother 3nd ChildHoalth
圃
There are countless numbers of people suffering due to war,
natural d.isaster, pover守, climate change and the spread of
infectious d.iseases. Many of those who have survived con且ict
then find tllemselves in d.ifficult rucumstances.
]ICA is assisting wi出 nationbuild.ing and human resource
development.
- C a m b o d園圃
Assisting in the removal of landmines and unexploded ordnance
More than 20 years post-conflict, Cambod陥 isslill
plagued by the issue 01 landmines and unexploded
ordnance. 6,422 villages, accounting for 46% of rural
C町 nbodia,are回 dto be contaminated or potentially
conlaminated by landmin田 andunexploded ordnance, depriving the p田 plea∞ 田sto farming land and
preventing cultivation, in turn causing fc泊 dshortag田.
Since 1909, JICA has been providing出eCambodian
Mine Action C朋 ter(CMAC)w愉 techni伺 la田 Istance
byd陪patchingexpe同s,剖。ngw尚、 met剖detectorsand
伺 uipment1町 removingplants副叫 landmines(s凶 has
t制匂,∞mmunicationdevic田 副 叫 va附田}
-置期間同市冒・・
DATA.Ol Current si加ationof
conflict-affected countries J .Living c割、d悩。n6
Education
6 1 % LiVIng in pover1y
650,(, No access 10 s:>fe w柑
54% ~崎山町吋…吋
77γ Child剛附加叫蹴間同
.pnma叩 edue:>lion
.Healthcare
59v chttdmwttMuta聞出回
o secondilrY educo3tlon
60% M"lnut,illOn '''10
7 0% Infanl mo尚 lily
71v CMldrenwftvem州I -'0 under at ri~ of de,剖h
64QノPr.勾欄Iwom制 un帥悼"'-'0 glVe副rth回 fely
scu<田崎<ó Bank・8輸相帽0・・"""""'"内叫国ft~O' 唱
43%刈田/HIVinf,制刷巾悼
The issue of landmines and DATA.02
unexploded ordnance
~
色hili虫堅三仰向制全画面,Assisting in the economic and social
re∞very of P伺 pleaffected by conflict
After more世噛n40ye剖 ち01宙medcons昨t,Columbia has世田 Iat伊 51num除 rofl割、dminevic世阿古 inthew四1<1,町、d廿噛
S部刷、dlatg宙 t附 mbEョr01 IDPs after sud割、req叩 ngsignificanl efforts 10ぬaI
w愉甘噌 re印刷、Itde咽 station.Since 2∞8, JICAhasb曽 na田 istingin improving It噌
1町田ofIDPs; suppαting町、dstepping up ret国 bi枇ationofl割、dmine叩ctims;
supporting ex -comba凶nls'民。∞micar刈s∞ 副『白川egratioo;and providing
∞mpr油 開S問団ref,町P朗 ple
廿au阿国lizedby conflict, all with the t田pe
that the担 victims01 conflict can be
reinteg悶ted民 伺omicallyand s∞ially.
.Columbia: A doct町時habilita.tlngachild剛山剖 injuredleg
.11Iere are 0'桝背 骨∞mil相、旭nc:嗣師僧W明細W蜘
Anti-personn剖 min田 wereh個別Iyu鵠 dIn f句,ooal
confl陀tafter lhe CoId War due 10廿閣rlow COsl of
production. Wo叶dwide,an esllmated 1∞mlllioo landmines have been placed in over 60 countnes
including Cambodia, Bosnia-Herzegovlna, Angola and Mozambique, and as many as 2 to 5 milhon new landmines町 ere阿 南dlylaid every year. 1I is
estimated that there are over 2,000 people killed or maimed by anti-pe陪 onnelmines every monlh, and a
total 01 250,000 people who have been wounded by mines worldwide.
,,oo--、
.!!!!!盟ー..JL..lLJLlJL...!..JL謹灘高scu<国.:Hema::田町aCot可瞳F 田BarはB曲目・臨:BUw・bp叫'"
Becau時間ti-personnelmines a陪 buned町 oundplaces
wherep割耳pleperform胎 ird副抑制揃臨めome,部I100I,hospital, water p恥 e,farming land剖 dfactory,回c.),and
r宙開nthere long after∞nfllct陪 ovet,not伺Iydo Ihey conlinue to pose a thre唱1,they also hlnder va円。us
m市astructuredevelopments, resta同,ngof agncullural
aClivilies, and resettlement of refugees and IDP, b田町刊nga major obstacle in all areas of re∞veryand reconstruction. In some cases, children fall victlm to unexploded ordnance while trying to remove metal components 伽 scrapmeぬl
In conflict-affected a時 as,wh凹 provldingassislance for
inlraslructure development, relugee repalriatlon and
agricult旧t割 activities,consideration must be given 10 lhe prob帽moflandmin田 andunexploded町 dnance.
園
-Ei
ハUReconstructing Social and
Hutnan Capital In lhe mmed ale pOS1-Conl cl per od, governmenl-prOv ded soc a serv ces are genera y parl a y or comp ele y
suspended due 10 damaged nlraSlrUclure, delecl ve governmenl po c es resu 1 ng Irom weakened governmenl,
severe lund shorlages and oss 01 expert ze n lhe adm n slral ve organ zal ons lhal ma nla n and manage var ous
lac 1 es and equ pmen1. A lhough 1 s mpOrlanll0 qu ck y respond 10 such mmed ale needs 01 lhe peop e n lhe
reconslruclon per od, 1 s a so necessary 10 demonslrale lang b e ach evemenls 10 lhe pub c, n add 1 on 10
ongo ng ma nlenance efforts and p ans lor lhe lulure
| ~llêJ_.:..4.41.jt4GJ 附l'iIrn川ction 01 social and human ca iぬl
1 Developmenl of basic inlrastructure
2,JDevelopment 01 transport‘power‘and commu'1ication networks
3,1門proveτζサ'1healthcare syste'11
i edL.cation systern c5Food security
We are developing social infrastructure so that people can live in peace and safety.
Kabul o
JICA Afghanlstan 0何loe JICA's Assistance
pro吋ngthe deteriorating urhan environment caused hy the influx of retumees
The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
C叩性副 Kabul.Solving critical urban issues
In order 10 so ve lhe cr 1 ca urban ssues and 10 reconslrucl and
deve op lhe cap ta Kabu as a strongho d 01 AIghan slan's susla ned
deve Opmenl and nalona un 1 cat on, JICA ass sled n lormu al ng
“The Sludy lor lhe Deve Opmenl 01 Kabu Metropo lan Area n
AIghan stan". S nce the approva 01 lh s p an by the AIghan
governmenl, JICA has been suppo同ngthe capac ty bu d ng 01 lhe
agency n charge 01 the metropo lan area through lhe "Projecl on
Promolon 01 Kabu MelrOpO tan Area Deve opmenl (2010-2015)"
More spec 1 ca y, a number 01 subprojecls are unde川 aync ud ng:
capac ty bu d ng 01 urban deve opmenl sk s (organ zat on ana ys s,
deve opmenl 01 c ty p ann ng Iramework, execul on 01 p 01 works n
the n 1 a deve Opmenl d str C1S), ma nlenance and deve Opmenl 01
new and ex sl ng Kabu c ty
roads, reg ona and
commun ty deve Opmenl n
Dehsabz and Bar kab
areas surround ng lhe new
c ly, and deve opment 01
Populstion: c.a.30million (a. 01 2008) Area: c.a.652,OOOkn子GNゆ..回ptta):c.a.$410 (as 01 2010)
power, col'lttO ng
response 10 lhe Seplember 11, 2001,
lhe U今S.-ed coa t on nvaded AIghan
Ta ban reg me. One monlh aler, the Bonn agreemenl'
was s gned under the n 1 al ve 01 lhe Un led Nal0nS,
and lhe counlry began Is reconslruct on process
From the ear y slages alter lhe agreemenl, JICA, a ong
w lh the Japanese governmenl, has been nvo ved n
prov d ng ass stance w lh a v ew 10 human secur ly n
such areas as nlraslructure deve Opmenl, agr cu lure
and rura deve Opmenl, as we as address ng lhe bas c
needs 01 the peop e.
※Refl町stothe剖atem町、tofag:re制 閥、tonthep伺 oefulreconstn刷町、
01 Afgh剖 刷出もadoptedin the Bonn. German訴Intemationa!oonference
。Counterparts.inoluding胸 deputy野唱y国 ofKabul. visI悼dJapanfor trQIn山由。studying1i副naNew Town's dsvelopment planning
.Critical urban issues due to rapid
population growth
Am d such c rCumSlanCeS, lhe popu al on 01
AIghan slan began 10 ncrease rap d y. As 01 2010, lhe
popu al on lopped 4 m on, approx male y doub ng
lhal 01 10 years prev ous y, overf ow ng lhe capac ly 01
lhe lowns. I1s popu al on s expeCled 10 lurther
ncrease and reach 6.5 m on n 2025. The ncreased
popu al on s caus ng cr 1 ca urban ssues such as
owered groundwaler eve; waler, a r, and so
po Ul0n; ncreased numbers 01 nlorma se悦ements
lraff c congesl on; and poor san tal on
司三一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一一・・=ヨ研司岡山山'-:..U.U同E百.‘司・i.j・同M・同H・M・包1 ・!õl'õ【ザ'l~(.]・E・-回ïlI・・
lhe中r叫ectlor the Development 01 Kabul Me凶阿it町内閣JnAIghanJstan" aims to esta刷泊h曲、exampJeolr匝刀nstructJonlor the whoJe met間 関陶 na陪s.lnJmp悟町官ntlngthJs project. JICA has祖kenm曲 sur時
to ensu陪 theproject叫 Inot resuH In lurther des旬以l凶 tlon,det制oratlon0111川ng∞ndttlonslor th叩 e靖国dyd回 dvantag剖 ,町wld朋 dlsp剖 tlesIn develop町lent.
園
JICA's Assistance
J l -伽 l¥• Synergistic development of water supply, healthcare, and vocational training ぐ
JICA's Assistance
.Enhancing the capacity of the Government
Under JICA's "Projecl lor Human Resources Deve Opmenl lor Darfur
and lhe Three Prolo∞Areas" (2009-2013), P 01 projeclS are
mp emenled w lh prov nc a govemmenllra n ng, n lhe 1 e ds 01 waler
supp y, hea lhcare, and vocalona lra n ng, n order 10 move the reg on
ou1 01 underdeve Opmenl創ldrebu d lrusl between lhe peop e and
the governmen1. By prov nc a governmenlS tak ng lhe n 1 al ve創ld
prov d ng comprehens ve ass slance n lhese three areas, JICA s a so
a m ng lor synergy _ ;1 belween lhe var ous
le ds.
Through lh s projecl,
there s a grow ng
awareness amongsl
ledera govemmenl
offcasol
the deve Opmenl needs
n the Darfur reg on, a
s gn 1 canl Slep thal w
be walched w th nleresl
.Reconstruction assistance in the northern region
J ICA has been act ve n lhe no代hemreg on s nce lhe ear y slages 01
lhe cease-I re, prov d ng ass slance d recl y 10 lhe peop e. In lhe
northern reconslruclon ass stance program, JICA has been dea ng
w th lhe 10 ow ng lhree ssues.①Repalr al on 01 IDPs, mprOvemenlS
n soc a serv ces, roads and br dges, and mp emenlal on 01 projecls n
lhe p aces lhey relurn 10.②Commun ty deve Opmenl p ann ng 10
lac lale lhe repalr al on and rese11 emenl 01 IDPs and the deve op-
menl 01 soc a nlraslruclure ( nc ud ng sale waler supp y and pr mary
educalon lac 1 es)③Human Resource Deve Opmenl n oca
governmenls lhal have been weak due 10 lhe twenly-year c v wa仁
JICA w ass sl n lhe deve op-
menl 01 bas c nlraslruclure
(Iransportal on nlraslruclure such
as roads and br dges, and
∞mmun ly nlraslruclure such as
schoo s, hea lhcare lac 1 es and
we S), n add 1 on 10 slrenglhen ng
oca governmenlS' ab t es 10
prov de bas c serv ces 10 lhe
peop e. GTho 8ndgo倒 削uctodby JICA p町制
Khartour明。
Area: c.a.l.886 million km2
GNI (per c.pi!a): c.a.$1,220 (a. 01 20ω)
c~凶US of Sudan
.Reconstruction of underdeveloped regions
is the key to peacebuilding
In lhe Darfur reg on where conl cl broke out n 2003, lhe
s lual on rema ns unstab e due 10 ongo ng nsurgency.
After the ndependence 01 Soulh Sudan, n Soulh
Kordolan and B ue N e, wh ch are so-ca ed prOl0CO
areas, conlronlalon s nlens Iy ng, w lh the rebe s
cha eng ng governmenl eg t macy and lreatment 01
lormer so d ers. The surround ng areas have la ed 10
rece ve su pport and deve Opmenl Irom lhe centra
governmenl w lh s gn 1 canl de ays n conslruct on 01
nlraslruclure and prov s on of hea thcare and educalon
serv ces. 1 n order to reso ve conl cl and deter ts
recurrence, t s mperal ve lhal econom c d spar 1 es
among reg ons be reduced.
,
Kampala 。
Ca同泊1:Kampala Populatl∞: c.a.30.6million (a. 01 20関}
Area: c.a. 236,000 km2
GNI (perc.p岨):c.a.$370旬30120(国}
ons lagging behind in development
Uganda, armed conl cl between governmenl
and lhe m tanl group“Lord's Res slance Army"
has cont nued s nce 1 was lonned n the 1980s. At
respons b e lor lhe abducl on 01 over 25,000
lorc ng lhem to become so d ers, n add t on to
For lh s reason 1 has been descr bed as
been d SrUpled n lhe northern reg on
on 01 governmenl lunct ons
01 lhe h ghesl pove代y
〆V守 固
園
b
Srl Jayewardenepufa -一一一一一司、Ko悦e
The Democratic Sociatist ; ¥0 Repubtic o( Sri Lanka i ~CA Srl L~
Capital: Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte Pop凶at1on:c.a.20.2million (目。f割加帥
Are⑤ c.a.65,000km2
GNI(問f伺 pita):c.a.82,290出。120川
l Economic Recovery () /. ~
、J 4Ifi圃d 百Post-conl ct econom c recovery s essent a lor the stab zat on 01 peop e's ves as we as the reg on and nat on as → a who e. Poverty s he ghtened n many post-conl ct countr es and reg ons due to cr pp ed markets, destruct on 01 (TJ
nlrastructure and ncreased unemp oyment. In many cases, power and wea th s vested n the hands 01 the lew, 刃resu t ng n a thr v ng shadow economy
In order to recover econom ca y under such c rcumstances, lundamenta post
lu 1 ed, and ellorts made to stab ze the economy through n:lproved econom c cond t
and job creat on
Attentive support with a focus on cooperation to local govemment
JICA's ・Improvingpeople's lives through public
Assistance -inf~astru;t~re development
Current s
.Moving towards full-scale reconstruction
after the end of armed conflict
S nce 1983, armed ∞nl ct ntens 1 ed n Sr Lanka
between the government lorces and the L berat on T gers
ofTam Eeam (じ円E),wh ch contro ed a pa代olthe
northern and eastem areas 01 the country. The conl ct
brought devastat ng consequences n terms 01 oss 01 le,
ncreased numbers 01 1 DP, destruct on 01 nlrastructure
and pub c lac t es and econom c stagnat on n the
northern and eastem prov nces. It ended n May 20ωwth
the govemment rega n ng contro 01 the ent re area. W th
the suppo同01var ous a d agenc es, the Sr Lankan
govemment has been work ng towards the recovery and
悶 onstructon 01 areas devastated by the conl ct, and
fuιsca e deve opment 01 these areas s now underway.
JICA's Assistance
E・E・IU司自虐ヨ同4・団・】副自I唖・f・mi同~li~・
・・・・・・・r,J正坐主主~]・l'lIIiI里l"dtrd・E・--)く 、 .ρ
of the long-standing conflict
A
due
0:1
("¥-r-_,.c?、.
v-
ゅーコク匂
Immed ate y after the end 01 the conl ct, JICA began
reconstruct on 01 pub c lac t es nc ud ng the destroyed water
supp y lac t es and jetty, prov ded ve hood suppo門lorresett ed
IDP, and ass sted oca adm n strators lormu ate deve opment
p ans lor the ent re reg on. Two and a ha 1 years have passed s nce
the end 01 the conl ct, and JICA p ans to mprove the
adm n strat on's capac ty to prov de serv ces, deve op pub c
nlrastructure and prov de techn ca ass stance, n order to
strengthen product on n areas such as 1 sher es and agr cu ture
①Development 01
②Increase 01 e
oppo吋unitiesand
‘ Increasing confidence in the govemment and stabilizing society through resolving the power shortage problem
〆AF
Bagdad o
JICA Iraq offl骨
(1胡 )(right)却 しank.avocatIonal troIning
JICA's Assistance ;> ・Improvingpower supply and training power engin鵠 rs '
The Repubtic o( Iraq
Capital: Bagdad Popu旧t1on:c.a 30.7 million (05 01 2008)
A1ea: c.a. 437,000 km2
GNI(阿国同司 c.a.S2,060回 012∞8)
~ Philippines (…I JICA s locus ng on mprov ng Iraq power supp y n response to the
urgent needs 01 the peop e through a comb nat on 01 moda t es
Power stat ons and transm ss on and d str but on substat ons have
been bu t us ng yen oans, and power eng neers have been tra ned
n cooperat on w th ne ghbor ng countr es nc ud ng Jordan, Egypt,
and Syr a to manage a power stat on. JICA's prev ous exper ence n
Syr a's Jandar power stat on tra n ng lac ty, a so bu t us ng grant
a d, has been ut zed n the capac ty bu d ng 01 power eng neers
Deve opment and advancements n operat ona and ma ntenance
capac ty 01 power supp y ng nlrastructure not on y lorms the bas s
01 m d-to ong-term econom c reconstruct on, but a so contr butes
to the stab ty 01 soc ety through mproved adm n strat ve serv ces What are the reasons for Instablllty
In Iraq?
Government lailure to fu lili the people's
energy needs even 8 years alter the end
01 Iraq w町 resu~edin gro糊 ngpublic
dis甘ustand culminated in the summer 01
2010 southern province 1町 g争 scaleriots.
Among other administrative services,
improving power supply陪 particularly
important lor restoring conlidence in the
government and stabilizing
post-conllict society
t.. ノ為
Assistance towards post帽 peaceaccord [lli!UmU剖mm:.... 1JIE-
Distrust
in the administration .Support for better administrative social services
For mprov ng the soc a serv ces to peop e, JICA has rehab tated
destroyed commun ty lac t es and bu t nlrastructure nc ud ng
schoo s, hosp ta s, hea thcare centers and port lac t es. It a so
extended tra n ng courses to the government 011 c a s. In add t on, n
March 2012 JICA started a new capac ty bu d ng project,‘'Capacty
Bu d ng Project lor Commun ty Deve opment n Conl ct-Allected
Areas 01 M ndanao". It a ms at bu d ng the capac ty 01 the
Bangsamoro Deve opment Agency (BDA) as we as conl dence
bu d ng w th the Ph pp ne government
.Mid-summer temperatures hit 500C!
Power shortage is a matter of life and death.
Three wars and years 01 econom c sanct ons have eft
the econom c and soc a nlrastructure n Iraq ag ng and
decayed s nce 1980's. Power supp y s no except on,
w th on y approx mate y ha 1 (6,000 -7,000MW) 01 the
tota nat ona demand (14,000-15,000MW) supp ed by
the country's power stat ons. It s not unusua lor power
shortages to occur lor over ten hours a day In a country
where summer max mums can reach 50oC, power
supp y s a matter 01 le and death lor the peop e
Whl悟 a詔 Jstance泊r岡 山岡Jnav宙柏tyoffi剖dslnIraq. that In the fi剖dofthe pow軒副P凶YIs partlcularty Important In the swelterJng summer heat,町田nypeople areforc剖 to剖eepoutsJde. Factories often stop operatlng due to power由ortages,h劃nperinggrowth of Jnd,且tries.It doesn't resolve the cωntry's serious unemployment prob回n,酎th匝 AddressJngthe source of同OP恰も
dis∞ntent and advancJng economJc development: these are the foundetlons of a p曲 cefUl町1dsta凶e釦 cJety.o Water faoilities OH町四nrc~sour09 de叫 opmentproject間 前Ing,
Auton町nousRegIon MuslIm Mind副抽。
園
圃
~02
JICA's Assistance
What isthe伺 useof conflict betl縄開
North and South Sudan?
Disparity between
north and south
North and South Sudan were once colonies
01 Br tain and Egypt. They were united in
1947,b凶 conflictnever ceased due to their
significant pol tical剖 dreligious
differences and目。nomicdisp町 Itl9s,In
addtionto d陪agreementsover oil-rich
areas in the soU1h. North田 dSouth Sudan
時 paratedin 2011, but the situation
remains precarious to date
.South Sudan with a mountain of issues
On Ju y 9, 2011, the Repub c 01 South Sudan separated
Irom the Repub c 01 the Sudan and dec ared ts
ndependence. In 1983, the Se∞nd Sudanese C v War broke out between the Arab c Sudanese government and
non-Arab c nsurgents (Sudan Peop e's L berat on Army,
SPLA)むontnu ng lor over 20 years, unt a
comprehens ve peace agreement was reached n 2005
Dur ng th s per od, deve opment was d srupted n the
southern prov nces 01 Sudan (current y South Sudan)
and a though they have now ach eved ndependence, the
country s st laced w th numerous ssues concern ng
the rebu d ng 01 bas c state lunct ons
l¥ Improving logistics hy developing river ports on the shores of the Nile River
.Rebuilding basic state functions
From the ear y stages, JICA has been nvo ved n the reconstruct on
01 South Sudan conduct ng a 1 e d survey n December 2004 r ght
belore the peace agreement was reached. Under “Ass stance lor
New Nat on Bu d ng" wh ch s one 01 JICA's pr or t es n South
Sudan, JICA he ped n the rebu d ng 01 bas c nlrastructure nc ud ng
ports, roads and br dges that are d rect y re ated to the country's
econom c act v t es. The nlrastructure deve opment 01 the Juba
Rver PO代, sta円edn 2006, a year alter the comprehens ve peace
agreement was reached, has been h gh Y pra sed by the South
Sudan government as a tang b e“peace d v dend"
.Logistics support through the development of
infrastructure
In South Sudan, nstead 01 ord nary roads, there s a
we -deve oped r ver transportat on system that takes advantage 01
the vast wet ands 01 the Wh te N e R ver bas n. A though there are
many rver po代sa ong the Wh te N e R ver that runs the ength 01
the country, ne ther seemed to have the appropr ate lac t es,
equ pment or human resources 01 a modern po門 Inorder to
mprove og st ca eft c ency and d str but on, deve opment 01 r ver
ports became a matter 01 urgency. S nce 2006, JICA has nsta ed a
35m p er as we as a crane at the Juba R ver Port, the ma n po門01
South Sudan. A techn ca ass stance project began n 2011 lor the
PO門'sAdm n strat on, eftect ve y comb n ng nlrastructure and
human resource deve opment. There s a so a p an to extend the
35m-p er to 200m w th Japan's support, n the hope that lurther
mprovements n og st cs can be rea zed n the Juba R ver Port
Belore establ愉 ment01 JRPA, P町lma国 gement剖m附
町唱antmaintalnlng po吋security.However slnce the JRPA was esta刷 出edby the assls回nce01 Japan In 2009, the Idea 01 "admi同stration'回 sbeen Introduced to port m副首g割問nt,with dramatic changes to Juba Port's function and respon剖凶lit下Inorder to Jmprove田 NJceslorpo同users,Japan酷 eexpe巾 nowpro'叫detrai凶ngat JRPA. 1 b副ievethat these e町四Iswill glve rJse to Jmproved port admJnlstratJ町、and加rtheruser sat抱lactJon
‘ 03~ Reconstructing a Functional State Governtnent
a
σ88
mm
d
e
-dy
u陀
B
F
that e of conflict
When a govemment la s to peげormts bas c lunct ons and s unab e to reta n the peop e's conl dence, the state be∞mes vu nerab e to
soc a nstab ty and conl ct recurrence. Therelore bu d ng a democrat c system s necessary Irom the ear y stages, w th m d-to
ong-term perspect ves. In countr es and reg ons where govern ng capac ty has been weakened by∞nl ct, a∞mprehens ve approach
s requ red lor recovery, such as ass stance n lormu at ng eg s at on, st陪ngthenng adm n strat ve organ zat ons and deve Op ng hu man
resources. In new state bu d ng, t s mpo口antto promote the peop e's econom c and po t ca pa円cpat on to promote equ tab e soc ety.
Desp te good ntent ons, hasty democrat zat on, depend ng on the country's s tuat on and causes 01 conl ct, cou d ead to destab zat on
and lurther conl ct when a system s lorced on the peop e. Therelore accurate ana ys s and carelu hand ng 01 the s tuat on s requ red
J[ljJ,:.sl&4it[指針mlml陀 constructinga functional state government I
①Election SUpport
②Media support
③Legal and judicial development
④Development 01 democratic ad
⑤Development 01 financial institu
JICA is committed to supporting the recovery of
a functional political system for the people, and building the foundations of a fair society.
The Federal DemocratIc Republic of Nepal
Capital: Kalmandu Popu坦tion:c.a.28.8million旬301割)()8)
Ar曲 c.a.140,000刷 2
GNI(p.r copita): c.a.$400 (a. 01 2008)
“
JICA's Assistance Support program for
the democratization process [C山~刷S of Nepal
.Civil law support
“C v aw" const tutes the foundat on of a democracy. Th s body 01
aw estab shed 150 years ago not on y acks adequate gu de nes for
reso v ng conl cts. t s a so not cons stent w th nternat ona trad ng
aws. To address th s. Nepa ese ega profess ona s and Japanese
experts consu ted lor two years, comp et ng a new c v aw dralt b
n August 2010. S nce January 2011. JICA has been he p ng to
lormu ate a c v aw handbook. Support ng the strengthen ng 01 c v aw s a ong-term comm tment, need ng t me lor the aw to come nto
common pract ce and then add t ona t me for mproved operat on. In
rura areas, tens on has been grow ng between po t ca part es and
res dents over the r nterests dur ng the course of democrat zat on
.A departure from 240 y伺 rsof monarchy
In Nepa , pro-democracy movements erupted n many
parts 01 the country n 1990. overthrow ng the
undemocrat c Panchayat System contro ed by the k ng
In the meant me, the Mao sts who had been 1 ght ng lor
the abo t on 01 the monarchy and the estab shment 01 a
secu ar nat on expanded n number. and the c v war cont nued lor over 10 years. Beh nd th s c v war, there
were d spar t es n soc a serv ces and econom c
deve opment among reg ons. ethn c groups and
as we as the hor zonta d sequ br um nherent n
Nepa ese soc ety Peace agreement was
2006, and the nat on moved away from
monarch ca ru e towards a ledera
Desp te the peop e's h gh expectat
new nat on s lac ng tough cha
.Supporting the training of community mediators
In order to prevent d sputes among res dents Irom deve op ng nto
po t ca or nter・communty conf ct, JICA has been suppo門ngthe
tra n ng 01 commun ty med ators, to enab e v agers to manage commun ty-eve d sputes. So far, over 270 peop e have undergone
tra n ng to acqu re sk s for d spute sett ement, tak ng pa門 n
sten ng act v t es and pract ce med at on sess ons
.Providing unbiased information -media support
In order to prov de unb ased nlormat on to c t zens, ass stance n
"med a capac ty enhancement" s a so underway. It s mportant to
address the recent upsurge n med a that s advocat ng part cu ar
po t ca part es and ethn c groups, and a so prevent the esca at on 01
soc a tens on. JICA s ass st ng n the deve opment of a hea thy
med a n Nepa through rev s on of med a po c es and re ated aws,
as we as support ng the State-run Rad 0 Nepa
園
園-・・7与問凹凹》日間
former President ofJICA and
former UN High Commissioner for Refugees Message企omSadako Ogata
Since taking office as ]ICA's President in 2003, we have been trying to incorporate the
concept of human security into ]ICA's cooperation projects. ¥Y!e have also been
strengthening our commitment to peace-building and reconstruction in post-conflict
紅 白s,concentrating on the rapid and uninterrupted deployment of humanitarian aid.
Security Enhancetnent 1I secur ty rema ns unstab e after the conl ct has ended, t s a cha enge lor peop e to ead stab e ves or resta代economcact v t es to rebu d the cou ntry. If the armed lorces are powerfu and cont nue to ma nta n po t ca and econom c nl uence by hod ng mpo同antposts n the government or contro ng and a ocat on, or 1 the capac ty 01 c v an po ce s ow, these
y ng prob ems w underm ne the lunct on 01 the pub c nst tut ons respons b e lor the secur ty 01 the popu at on reasons, secur ty enhancement s mpo門ant,as a precond t on lor the rebu d ng 01 peop e's ves, repatr at on and
01 1 DPs and relugees, po t ca and soc a stab ty, as we as reconstruct on, and deve opment
~04
JICA is committed to the鵠 curity
enhancement, social stability, r民 onstructionand development of conflict-a行ect剖 countries.
|璽 rmr…stabilization through training
police and judicial offi悶 rs
OKlnshasa JICA Dem∞ratlc Republlc of the Congo Offlce
During the 1990s, while working on the issues of refugees and internally displaced
persons as the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, 1 was faced with the problem of
gaps and delays in development assistance between the emergency response phase of
crises and the post-conflict recovery and reconstruction stages.
.Retraining 01 in-service police officers in cooperation with the UN PKO
JICA's Assistance
Democrat;c Republic of the Congo
capit副 KinshasaPopulation: c.a.62.4million (a. 01 2008) AIea: c.a.2.34million k町子GNI(阿曲目ωc.a.8140 (a. 01 2008)
Based on such experiences, ]ICA has been focusing on improving the speed and
flexibility of our activities in rapidly changing post-conflict regions to facilitate a
smooth transition from humanitarian to development aid.
G ven that DRC shares a border w th ten other countr es,
ma nta n ng secur ty s essent a lor the deve opment 01 the reg on nc ud ng the Great Lake reg on, and suppo代lorts securty sector s nd spensab e One 01 JICA's n t at ves n th s secur ty sector s the tra n ng 01 po ce and ega 011 cers. JICA began re-tra n ng act ve nat ona po ce 011 cers n 2004 n cooperat on w th UN PKO (MONUSCO) and has now expanded the areas 01 tra n ng Irom the or 9 na western K nshasa Spec a Prov nce and Bas-Congo Prov nce to eastern Or enta Prov nce and North K vu Prov nce,
thanks to og st ca support Irom the UNDP s nce 2009
What are the causes of
conflict in Democratic Republic
ofthe Congo (ORcl? .Six months basic training is also available
In 2010 JICA started s x-month bas c tra n ng lor new y h red po ce 011 cers Today, th s s the ma n locus,
not on y contr but ng to the tra n ng 01 new po ce 011 cers,
but a so he p ng to ntegrate nsurgents nto the po ce lorce. As many as 20,000 po ce 011 cers have undergone tra n ng n the JICA program ~
so lar
¥Y!ith today's increasing globalization and international interdependence, it is not
possible for ] apan to prosp目 asa separate enむ守.In such an environment, 1 believe we
must be more committed than ever before to supporting the工ebuildingof peace and
DRC. with six times the land町eaolJapan, is laced with many unresolved issues; cu tural d fferences, history, poverty, conllict in the eastern provinces, and a large number 01 relugees. A廿、oughthe country is blessed with
mineral and lorest resources, there are ongoing disputes over their distribution. The problem陪 lurthercomplicated by reg旧oalsecur ty and ethnic issues with no easy
resolution in sight 日 constructionin post-con出ctareas.
To sum up DRC, tt Is "a胞rgecountry WIth no end 01 。on由ictbecause 01 Hs rich natur,剖同時οurc迫。"but there Is still hope訓 ongstthe people "町 peace.Although tt tak田t柄、eto develop human resources, a quaitatlve evaluati町、
同suedby MONUSCO lound tI国tme廿lOdsemploy回 by同 品目Insuppressing a件。t回 ve回 comem町'edemocratlc In問 問ntyea阻 1I伺 Ithat our ac制 t国sare slowiy a出 i制 ngresults even though the steps a用 S町田日
o POlIce offioer troIni時
耳π~'(i百'!'I:朝団冒 IJJN司lÕT'I'可1I1l1!'!'11);{岨・liπE
.Post-independence democratic elections the key to economic stability
After more than 10 years 01 po t ca conlus on and conl ct, the 1 rst democrat c e ect on 10 ow ng the country's ndependence was he d n 2006 w th lu support by the nternat ona commun ty, w th Joseph Kab a e ected as Pres dent S nce then, w th the support 01 the nternat ona commun ty, the country has rega ned soc oeconom c stab ty, and secur ty s a so be ng restored. The second post-conl ct democrat c pres dent a e ect on n 2011 was carr ed out under the n t at ve 01 DRC government w th the support 01 the nternat ona commun ty, and Joseph Kab a was re-e ected as Pres dent
園
Top Related