0H

HA

Conditions

1. Randomization

2. Independence: Plausible Independence? 10% Condition -

3. np, nq ≥ 10

p +1σ +2σ +3σ-1σ-2σ-3σ

z = P( z ) =

< > ≠

High p-valueHigh likelihood of happening through natural sampling variation

Low p-value Low likelihood of happening through natural sampling variation

Fail to Reject the Null Hypothesis

Reject the Null Hypothesis