SPL-Fréjus Collection partkirkmcd/mumu/target/...+ ATM ν:see Th. Schwetz Machines R. Garoby & M....

ISS-CERN 22-24/9/05

SPL-Fréjus

Collection part

J.E Campagne

Thanks to S. Gilardoni, A. Cazes

ISS CERN 05 J.E Campagne (LAL) 2

New optimization questioned @ MMW04*

Particle production

Horn design optimisation

Decay tunnel parameter optimisation

Flux computation at Fréjus

θ13 and δCP sensitivity.LAL – 04-102 submitted to EPJC

p

π,Κ

π,Κ ν

*: Multi MegaWatt Workshop at CERN 26-28 May 04


Particle productionProton beam :

1. Pencil like2. Ek=2.2GeV, 3.5GeV,…, 8GeV

Target : 1. 30cm long cylinder, ∅15mm in Liq. Hg2. FLUKA 2002.4

Normalized to 4MW beam power:1.10 1023 pot/yr @ 2.2GeV0.69 1023 pot/yr @ 3.5GeV0.30 1023 pot/yr @ 8.0GeV

Pion+ production

0,25

0,26

0,27

0,28

0,29

0,30

0,31

0,32

0,00 2,00 4,00 6,00 8,00 10,00

Beam Energy

yiel

d (1

e23)

Max. π yield ≠

Max. Phys. sensitivity

5GeV


SuperBeam vs νFact Optics

px/pz

x20 mrad

2 m

Super Beam

Spot size @ 130kmDecay tunnel size

px/pz

x

½ rad

30cm

νFact

Decay channel solenoidsAperture and B strength

Thanks S. Gilardoni


Pion production p (2.2GeV)π+

Hg

νFact SB

at the exit of the target

Horn optimisation by S. Gilardoni

This new optimisation

2 105 pot

Rule of thumb: Eπ/3~ Eν (MeV) > 2.L(km)


Kaon production?

at 2.2GeV : 0.26 π+/s 0.8 10-3 K+/s

see BENE meeting 11/09/03

at 3.5GeV : 0.29 π+/s 2.8 10-3 K+/s

at 4.5GeV : 0.32 π+/s 5.2 10-3 K+/s

Ep(GeV) Ep(GeV)

π+

π-

K+

K-

K0Not physical dip !!!Not Used…

3.52.2

For

500

000

pot

Rate x 1016

New Fluka will be tested

HARP ???


Horn style of collection

Bφ(r) ∝ Icur/rIcur ~ (300 ÷ 600) kA

rmin limited by Target size π+

IN

OUT

“Ideal”

shape

20cm

4cm1m 2m

40cm

The wrong sign pionsare eliminated locally

JEC NuFact-Note-138

Fixed momentum focalisation~800 MeV/c


Comparison Solenoid vs Horn

S. Gilardoni thesis

capt

ure

Dec

ay s

olen

oid

~3m

20T →1.2

5T30cm

0,3m ~1m

The collection yield is identical ~1.4 10-3 π/pot

νFact

Solenoid

Horn x 2MARS

Cut : 1.5 cm.rad

In µRLA

Dec

ay s

olen

oid

~0.5m~1m ~1m

E

Horn ≈ Solenoid


Horn design parameter for Super Beam

140 cm 220 cm

80 cm

140cmtotal length

220cmtotal length40cmouter radius

REFLECTOR

20.5cmouter radius40cmneck length3.4cminner radius

HORNHORN

Eν~300MeVEπ~800MeV

Conductor thickness : 3mmhorn : 300kAmps

reflector : 600kAmpsChallenging!!!

Using Geant 3.2.1NuFact-Note 138

Drawing from the horn built at CERNOptimized for Super Beam

+ or - focusing


Decay Tunnel Parameters

• Lengths: 1. Modify beam purity2. Tested: 10m …→ 40m …→ 60m3. Optimum @ 40m

• Radius: 1. modify acceptance2. 1m …→ 2m3. No optimum found: larger is better (we just keep

“reasonable” radius)

This results have been checked on sensitivity to θ13 and δCP


Fluxes comparison @ 130km

<Eν> ~ 275 MeV, 4.5 1011/m2/yrOld νFact optimum

<Eν> ~ 300 MeV, 1.2 1012/m2/yr3.5GeV SPL optimum

~95 νµCC/kT/yr*

*: Lipari x-sect. (see later)Reflector: 50% of the Flux


π+π−

~1/2 µ− & 1/2 K0e3

µ+

Flux @ 130km: compositionhttp://opera.web.lal.in2p3.fr/horn/Simu/index.htm

3.5GeV Kinetic p beam~800MeVπ focusing40m decay tunnel length2m decay tunnel radius

+ Focusing

− Focusingπ−π+

~1/3 µ+ & 1/3 K0e3 & 1/3 K+

e3

µ−


The X-sections

βB is an ideal tool to measure these cross-sections and a 2% systematic error on both signal and background are used.

---: Lipari et al.PRL74(95)4384

on H20

νµ SPL


Some physics performances440kT water Č, 4MW SPL, GLoBES

2% syst. on signal & bkg

(χ2(2dof)=4.6 or 11.83)*: 5 bins [0.08,1.08] GeV

Sin22θ13(90%CL) = 610-3 (0.7°)

5yrs (+)δCP=0

preliminary

90%CL

New Opt.Old Opt.

True values: (∆m23, sin22θ13)

sin22θ12=0.82, θ23=π/4, ∆m221=8.1 10-5eV2

5% external precision on θ12 and ∆m221 and

use SPL disappearance channel and spectrum analysis*

sizeable improvement


Beam Energy comparison

hep-ex/0411062 with an early version of analysis

10-310-4 10-310-4

5y+ 2y+8y-

2.2GeV3.5GeV4.5GeV8GeV

-100

-50

0

50

-150

3.5GeV is an optimum

Eν~260MeV

δCP = 010-3 sin22θ13

10-3

∆m

2 23 (e

V2)


CNGS vs SB/νFact HORN

SB/νFact CERN proto

CNGS Horn

Pbeam = 4MW / 2÷3GeV, Target inside300÷600kA/50Hz/100µs200 M pulses/6 weeks

Neck: PJ = 7kW, PB = 63kW (8mm eq. Alu)1022 fast neutron/cm2/6 months

Pbeam = 0,4MW / 400GeV, Target outside150kA/2pulses 10µs-6s20 M 2pulses/5 years

IC: PJ = 13kW, PB = 5kW (2mm Alu)

Every parameter is critical


CERN prototype (2001-2002)

Neck

Inner Cond. Double skin

S. GilardoniS.Rangod, J.M Mauguin…

1 m

42 c

m

Water cooling

(NUFACT-NOTE : 4, 28, 42, 80, 81, 126, 129)


Energy deposition in the horn (induced by protons)

34.0 kW47kW

A. Cazes + JECNufact-Note-134

4MW, 2GeV proton beam

+7kW fromJoule effect

13.6kW

Solution ?: reduce Al thickness (3mm Al) + strength rings

63kW(8mm Al)


Horn cooling (CERN schema)

Round shape thread inside the waist

The gain in surface exchange is somewhatlost by the thickness increase and then the heat load increase…

Double skin 20kW/surface exchange275kW/m2


R&D: water cooling is still ok?

Aluminum alloy cylinder80 mm ext. diameter300 mm length

Heat load ~ 30 kW

Water curtainor other water jets

configuration

At LAL

Sprinkler

Contact me if you plan to do it


Power Supply (basic)

500 (180 Horn) µΩR1500µFC

0.6 (0.4 Horn)µHL

100µsτo

300kA (14,5 rms)IM

7kVUo

50Hz thyristors

50Hz: 20 x « µ life time »

The main trouble


Power Supply

• CERN had successfully tested the Horn at 100kA/(0.5)Hz• mid-June 03: a schedule of conditions have been written by LAL

(13p) for a (300kA/100µs/50Hz) power supply.• 1st industrial price feed back:

1. Main power supply (7kV/130A): HAZEMEYER co.: ~ 160k€2. Switches (300kA/100µs/50Hz): ABB co: ~ 3x2x50k€* = 300k€

But we think that a 300kA/1Hz may be a good next step to push the present CERN power supply prototype..

A solution exists for ~ 460k€ (700kCH)

*: factor 2 for # of switches, factor 3 for 1Hz -> 50Hz


Al alloy property modifications

6082 (CNGS) or 6061 (MiniBOONE)

Précipitation (Mg2Si) par nThermique

Défauts par nRapide

Flux (n/cm2)

Rp ou Rm

1021 61022

Cavités

(n,p) et (n,α) reactions produce hydrogen and helium cavities

J.E.C NuFact-Note-130

Non irradiated Al can stand more than 108 pulses

And also MiniBOONE…

108 pulses

Max. stress ~ 14MPa to be confirmed


Other problems…

• Integration of the Target• Compatibility with Hg• Radioactive water cooling treatment • Water Cooled Striplines• Fabrication cost issues if the life time of

a horn is < 1y• Fast Coupling (cooling & electric) remotely

controlled (see US/Japan example)

• Nuclear waste management...


Summary

An optimized version of the Horn-like collection/focusing and SuperBeam energy is availablewith the present knowledge of the π/K production x-sections and the detector performances.The Horn R&D has been interrupted more or less in 2002 at CERN and not revived yet elsewhere.The Horn-like collection has been demonstrated in the past to be equivalent to a Solenoid-like collection for a NuFact. The SB-Horn and the NF-Horn are different simply because they have different purposes, but they share a lot of design parameters, so a SB-Horn is a prototype for a NF-Horn.

Thank you

ISS-CERN 22-24/9/05

END


A possible schema

+ BetaBeam: see M. Mezzetto+ ATM ν: see Th. Schwetz

MachinesR. Garoby & M. Lindroos

TRE

CERN SPLLSM-Fréjus

Near detector

130km

Related talks


SPL block diagram (CDR 1)Characteristics (Conceptual Design Report 1):

are “optimized” for a neutrino factoryassume the use of LEP cavities & klystrons up to the

highest energy

2.2GeV


Gradients at 700 MHz

Last test performed in CryHoLab (July 04):5-cells 700 MHz ß=0.65 Nb cavity A5-01from CEA/Saclay and IPN-Orsay

from Stephane Chel, HIPPI04, Frankfurt, sep04

LEP cavities may have worked 350MHz & 3.6MV/m effective gradientNuFact Note 040

1E+08

1E+09

1E+10

1E+11

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20Eacc ( MV/m )

Q0

Vertical Cryostat (Fast Cooling)

Horizontal Test in CryHoLab (B1)

quench


Choice of the EnergyNeglecting Matter effect (Ok CERN-Frejus), for δCP = 0°

Maximum of probability is obtained for

2famillies formula

∆m221=810-5eV2, ∆m2

31=2.410-3eV2, L=130km

Eν = 250MeV

c23=s23=1/√2,tan2θ12=0.4

sin22θ13=10-2, Eν =320MeV sin22θ13=10-3, Eν =390MeV


Decay Tunnel ParametersLengthLength

1. modify purity2. L=10m, 20m, 40m and

60m have been tested.

3. 10m→40mνµ , νµ + 50% to 70%νe , νe + 50% to 100%

4. 40m→60mνµ , νµ + 5%νe , νe + 20%

40m seems better40m seems better

RadiusRadius1. modify acceptance2. R=1m, 1.5m and 2m

have been Tested3. 1m →2m (L=40)

νµ , νµ +50%νe , νe +50% to 70%

Larger is better (2m)…Larger is better (2m)…

This results have been checked on sensitivity to θ13 and δCP

SPL-Fréjus Collection partkirkmcd/mumu/target/...+ ATM ν:see Th. Schwetz Machines R. Garoby & M....

Documents

Transcript of SPL-Fréjus Collection partkirkmcd/mumu/target/...+ ATM ν:see Th. Schwetz Machines R. Garoby & M....