PHYSICS:GAMMA RAYS

γ

DEFINITIONGamma-ray is a form of radiant energy from the atom nuclei emission of radioactive substances or electromagnetic radiation produced by radioactivity or nuclear or subatomic processes such as electron-positron annihilation.

GAMMA RAY

GREEK γ

THE SPECTRUM

THE WAVE LENGTH AND FREQUENCY OF GAMMA RAY (AND OTHER RAYS).

As we can see from the scheme of rays, Gamma ray has the most tiny size of any rays, that is equal to an atomic nuclei, but has the highest frequency of any rays ( above 10 exahertz or >1019 Hz), this is caused by the instability of atom (related with radioactivity), Gamma ray can penetrate an iron plate because of the frequency. Besides, Gamma ray has the shortest wavelength which equals to 10-12 .

DISCOVERY OF ONE, GAMMA RAY ITSELF.The discovery of gamma radiation from the discovery made by the French scientist Henri Becquerel, and the couple, Pierre Curie-Marie Curie in the late 1890s. They conducted experiments using active ingredients such as, uranium, polonium, and radium, which led to the first discovery of radioactivity rays with very high energy level. Before that, Rontgen had discovered X-rays and Becquerel saw that the light emitted by the uranium is similar to X-rays, so he called the light "metallic phosphorescence." 

DISCOVERY OF ONE, GAMMA RAY ITSELF.Previously, the type of radiation known when it is alpha and beta radiation, so that their invention is a new type of radiation that add to the collection radiation made it known. Radiation was subsequently called gamma radiation which is composed of particles of high-energy photons. Gamma radiation has the properties:• radiation of short wavelength and high frequency• Do not deflected in a magnetic field• Energy greatest• The permeability of the strongest

DISCOVERY OF ONE, GAMMA RAY ITSELF.Although, it's ironic, in the end many scientists working in the field of gamma radiation research should suffer as a result of particle radiation. Naturally, because at that time the radiation protective equipment is still very low, and scientists do not yet know the consequences for the health of particle radiation.To determine the depth of the gamma rays would need to know the kinds of interactions that occur gamma rays on the material,• 1. Photoelectric Effect• 2. Compton Effect• 3. Production partner

The Mechanisms how Gamma ray can be producedGamma rays produced during gamma decay are produced in conjunction with other forms of radiation such as alpha or beta rays, and are produced after the other types of decay occur. An excited nucleus can decay by the emission of an α or β particle. The daughter nucleus that results is usually left in an excited state. It can then decay to a lower energy state by emitting a gamma ray photon, in a process called gamma decay.

The Mechanisms how Gamma ray can be producedThe Occurrence of Gamma-RayGamma-ray () is resulted from the destruction of the merger process of two high-energy atomic nuclei in atomic nuclei (gamma decay) and high-energy particle interactions of sub-atomic in natural processes and man made mechanisms. Another process of the gamma-ray formation is electron-positron annihilation, shedding of neutral pion, fusion, fission, lightning, and terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, also astronomical sources where electrons high-energy are generated. These electrons then produce secondary gamma-ray.

APPLICATION OF GAMMA(-ZING) RAY IN DAILY LIFE• Used in radiographic techniques, it is shooting inside an object. The

captured were recorded in the X-ray.• Used in medicine, namely CT-Scanner (Computed Tomography

Scanner)• Used to cure cancer with Gamma-Knife Surgery• Used in the sterilization process for biological tissue products• Used to process plant breeding with mutations techniques in BATAN• Used as nuclear weapons• Used to create a sterile insects.• Used to kill bacteria and viruses in crops and foods

GAMMA KNIFE SURGERY…Gamma-knife is a 'knife' surgery that uses a gamma-ray to cut or destroy tissue, because it actually does not use real knives then called knifeless surgery. It is known that the gamma-ray is used in radiation treatment (radiotherapy) to destroy cancer and other disorders.

The Process of Gamma Knife Surgery201 radioactive beam were focused on the target (cancer cells to be removed) to the brain to be treated through a metal helmet. Each beam has a small effect on brain cells in its path, but it has a fairly large dose of radiation to the target location where all beams were met.

CONCLUSION•Gamma-ray is a form of energy that has frequencies between 1020 - 1025 Hz and wave length ranging is between 10–5 nm to 0.1 nm

•Gamma-ray was discovered by the French chemist and physicist, Paul Ulrich Villard in 1900, when he was reviewing Uranium.

•The application of gamma-ray is in medicine, agriculture, weaponry.

TERIMA KASIH.THANK YOU.HATUR NUHUN.DANKE.MERCI.