Legal interoperability in the fishery and marine data ecosystem

www.egi.eu

Agroknow

Broader Legal Interoperability Landscape

Vassilis Protonotarios &Babis Thanopoulos

205/01/2023

• Who we are• FAO Data Sharing Policy• The case of FAO AGRIS data licensing• Developing the legal interoperability

of data sharing within the fishery and marine sciences

What you are going to see

305/01/2023 Broader Legal Interoperability Landscape

Who we are


We find, connect and deliveragriculture & food information worldwide

(for the last 8 years)


We have worked or currently working with all the major institutions


We work at each project separately, focusing on the needs and at the Vision that the institution wants to express.

Each project for us is a commitment that serves people.

Meet the experts But how we do that?


We are a team of experts, flexible, intuitional that delivers

Expert in strategy design

Expert in data and technology solutions

Expert in customer needs identification

and analysis

The Strategist The Doer The Perfectionist

Nikos Manouselis Giannis Stoitsis Babis Thanopoulos

but its not only the 3 of us


team of experts in requirements modeling,

technologies, open and linked data and project coordination


What we are doing


Case 1: FAO AGRIS


Supporting a large network of data providers: the case of FAO AGRIS

• >180 organizations• a data customer workflow and front

end• use of CRM for the network

management• interoperable and open architecture


An open and interoperable architecture for the agricultural research global atlas: the case of AGINFRA

CIARD RING providers (agri-food data, OERs &

software)

AGRIS providers (agri-food

publications)

CIARD RING siteOpenAIRE micro-site

FAO’s AGRIS searchAgriProfiles

AgriProfiles providers (agri-food people,

organisations)VEST registry

(schemas, ontologies)

AgriSemantics/GACS/ AGROVOC

GODAN data registry

ICT-AGRI ERANET OA search

Agri-food relevant IoT data points map


Case 2: Land Portal


Building an information source for land topics: The case of Land Library


Case 3: CGIAR ICARDA Data Management Plan


Development of the Open Access & Data Management Plan in alignment with the CGIAR Open Access Policy Mandate


Development of the Open Access & Data Management Plan in alignment with the CGIAR Open Access Policy Mandate

• Openness• Suitable repositories• Interoperability• Data storage and preservation for

future use• Copyright and open licenses


Case 4: TAPipedia platform (Tropical Agriculture Platform)


Building a capacity building knowledge hub for a G20 initiative: The case of Tropical Agricultural Platform


FAO Data Sharing Policy


MODIFY/ADAPT

REUSE

COST


The issues?

1. Hard to read the fine print / legal terms used

2. Lack of use of existing standard licensing schemes

3. Not machine-readable4. Many FAO data sources point to this

page but licensing may need refinement for various types of data

– Metadata, actual data, KOS, multimedia files


The Creative Commons example

• Legal Code - Each license begins as a traditional legal tool, in the kind of language and text formats that most lawyers know and love. This is the actual license, which is a detailed legal document.

• Commons Deed - This is a handy reference that summarizes and expresses some of the most important terms and conditions. Think of the Commons Deed as a user-friendly interface to the Legal Code beneath, although the Deed itself is not a license, and its contents are not part of the Legal Code itself.

• Machine-readable version - The final layer of the license design is a “machine-readable” version of the license - a summary of the key freedoms and obligations written into a format that software systems, search engines, and other kinds of technology can understand.


Translating FAO’s license to Creative Commons


Example from the agricultural domain: The

case of the FAO AGRIS metadata licensing


FAO AGRIS

>8M bibliographic records>180 institutions

> 65 countries


Terms of use of the FAO AGRIS content


Using Creative Commons for FAO AGRIS


Including all dimensions

• Provision of various types of data shared– Personal information– Institutional information– Collection information– Cookies– Other?

• To be covered in the updated FAO AGRIS data policy (version 2 - in 2016)


Licensing of sharing and reusing data in fishery

and marine sciences


Issues identified

• Hard to find data policies / licensing• Data Policy / licensing not available• High heterogeneity of existing

licenses– Important issue for legal interoperability

• Licensing not included in metadata– Licensing information is lost during

(metadata) interoperability


Licensing used in the marine & fishery context

Copyright & other

Restrictions

Cuses of this resource

allowed? (Y/N)

Modifications of your work of this resource allowed?

(Y/N/share alike)

Cost (Y/N)

IODE N N Y N

NOAA / NCEI Centers N To be defined To be defined NSeaDataNet N To be defined To be defined N

OBIS N Depends Y N

MGDS N Depends ShareAlike N

MEDIN Depends Depends Depends Depends

ICES Y N N N

AIMS N Y N N

GBIF N Depends Y N

ASFIS (FAO) N N Y N

Eurostat Depends Depends Y N


Multiple dimensions of legal interoperability

Data ownership

(data producers)

• Do data producers maintain ownership?

• Will data producers be credited?

• Is data properly licensed?

• Are data producers properly informed?

Data access(data users)

• Is access to data open (or registration needed)?

• Is access to data free?

• Is there provision for technical interoperability?

• Is there provision for legal interoperability

Data use(data

consumers)

• Are modifications allowed?

– Translations– Summaries– Application of text

mining• Are commercial

uses allowed?• Is ShareAlike a

requirement?


Initial steps on the legal interoperability of data sharing within the

fishery and marine sciences


Use of standards

• 6 out of 13 data marine/fisheries data sources examined adopted CC licenses

• Copyrighted material exists in several cases

• Licensing is not always available• Licensing is not always clear /

optimum


Recommendations / next steps (1/2)

• Use of existing licensing standards needs to be considered and adapted by data providers

• Existing licensing schemas to be mapped to such standards

• Machine readable formats expected to increase reuse and value of data– Openly licensed data get more credits by

researchers• Various types of stakeholders need to be

consulted– Researchers, legal experts, domain experts,

repository managers, etc.)


Recommendations / next steps (2/2)

• Creative Commons is not the only way to go (but looks like a great one)

• The UNESCO/IOC Oceanographic Data Exchange Policy has the potential to be adapted globally (www.iode.org/policy)

• Data providers need to be educated on the importance of licensing (and open data)

http://www.iode.org/policy

www.egi.eu

Thank you for your attention.

Questions?

Legal interoperability in the fishery and marine data ecosystem

Science

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